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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:24:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-07-01 Pressing time and temperatures are factors that can influence positively briquettes durability characteristics. This work aimed to analyze physical-mechanical characteristics of sugarcane straw briquettes, produced with different pressing times and two briquetting temperatures, 26 degrees C and 100 degrees C. The characterization of the biomass was made through the tests of proximate analysis and higher heating value (HHV). It was used particles smaller than 1.70 mm and moisture content of 11.5%. Four types of briquettes/treatments were prepared with 15 replicates: A (control, 26 degrees C, 30 s), B (100 degrees C, 30 s), C (100 degrees C, 150 s), D (100 degrees C, 300 s). A hydraulic press was used to briquetting and a muffle was used to heating the cylindrical mold. The longitudinal expansion was measured 1, 2, 4, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after briquetting. Briquette resistance was performed by compression and friability test. The results were 80.87 % for volatiles, 5.41 % for ash content, 13.72 % for fixed carbon and 18360 J.g(-1) for HHV (in natura). The results showed that the use of temperature and the highest pressing time applied in briquetting increase the compressive strength, durability and density of the briquettes. Treatment D showed the greater resistance, apparent density and durability rating, which was 1.246 MPa, 0.979 g/cm(3), 84.41 %, respectively. Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Ciencias Ambientais, Campus Sorocaba, BR-18052780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Engn Mecan, Campus Guratingueta, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Engn Mecan, Campus Guratingueta, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:46:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-04-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Cassava waste has the potential to be used as an energy source. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of pressure densification on the properties of cassava residue briquettes, especially on the strength of the briquettes. It was used three compaction pressures: 102, 153, and 204 MP A and three pressing hold times: without holding pressure time, 60s, and 120 s, to produce briquettes without heating and verify their formation concerning the compaction. The proximate analysis provided 72.50% to volatile, 13.10% to Fixed carbon, and 14.45% to ash; the higher heating value (HHV) was 17.12 MJ/kg. The cassava rhizome waste (bulk density) showed an energy density of 2.04 GJ/m3. With densification, it obtained an energy density of 15.7 GJ/m3, representing an increase of up to 7.7 times. We obtained higher durability (94,1%) for time pressing of 120s and pressure of 204 MP A. The briquette volumetric stabilization occurred 24 h after production, and we observed that the briquettes produced with a higher compaction pressure showed greater density and resistance. Cassava rhizome biomass showed good energy properties. The densification process can be an alternative to solving transportation, handling, and cassava rhizome residues. São Paulo State University (Unesp) Campus of Rosana Biomass Densification Laboratory Department of Energy Engineering, Av. Dos Barrageiros, 1881, Centro, Primavera/Rosana Federal University of São Carlos Biomass and Bioenergy Laboratory Department of Environmental Sciences, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, SP-264, Km 110 - Itinga São Paulo State University (Unesp) Campus of Rosana Biomass Densification Laboratory Department of Energy Engineering, Av. Dos Barrageiros, 1881, Centro, Primavera/Rosana FAPESP: #2018/11837–2 FAPESP: #2018/14827–8

A degradacao dos residuos de biomassa vegetal geram gases de efeito estufa (GEE), como o CO2, muitas pesquisas buscam empregar estes residuos afim de mitigar os danos causados, uma das alternativas para diminuir os impactos gerados por essa decomposicao e o emprego da tecnica de pirolise (degradacao termica com limitacao de oxigenio) a biomassa. O residuo e transformado em biochar (carvao vegetal ou biocarvao), material rico em carbono, esse produto, se decompoe mais lentamente que a biomassa in natura. O principal emprego do biochar, e de condicionador do solo, entre suas propriedades se destacam as de elevar o pH, e reter agua, sao encontados na literatura trabalhos, onde mostram que, a presenca do biochar melhora a producao agricola. O grande diferencial do carvao vegetal comercial e o biochar e a aplicacao, enquanto o carvao e usado como fonte de energia termica o biochar e usado como insumo agricola. O biochar pode ser produzido a partir de qualquer tipo de biomassa vegetal, e em condicoes de pirolise variadas. Este trabalho apresenta a producao de biochar a partir da palha de cana-de-acucar (biomassa residual), onde se buscou as condicoes para se obter, rendimento gravimetrico e teor de carbono fixo maiores possiveis.

Devido a sua alta produtividade e facil adaptacao aos diversos ecossistemas, a graminea forrageira Pinnisetum purpureum, conhecida popularmente por capim elefante, possui potencial para a producao de biomassa. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a influencia do aumento da densidade da biomassa do capim elefante no processo de briquetagem em funcao de duas granulometrias do material. Apos moagem e analise granulometrica, o material foi dividido em dois grupos, a saber: (i) uma porcao entre 61 e 200 mesh e (ii) uma fracao entre 21 e 60 mesh. A densidade aparente e o ensaio de compressao diametral dos briquetes foram estudados em funcao da granulometria do material. Os resultados mostraram que a melhor condicao para a producao de briquetes de capim elefante ocorreu empregando-se a granulometria entre 61 e 200 mesh, uma vez que produziram briquetes mais densos e com resistencia mecânica maior se comparada aos briquetes produzidos com granulometria entre 21 e 60 mesh.

The objective of this study was the characterization, analysis and compaction of residues from castor oil plant pie extraction to verify its potential as solid biofuel. The chemical analysis, the mechanical test and the gross calorific value had satisfactory results. With the extraction of residual oil of the material there was a decrease on the high heating value. The produced briquettes presented good longitudinal expansion as well as mechanical strenght, however the presence of residual oil had influence on their strenght. In conclusion, the castor oil plant pie possesses energetic characteristics suitable for solid biofuel production, in addition it contributes with the reduction of industrial waste amount.

The licuri nut shell is a potential source of biomass for energy production. The aim of this study was the physicochemical characterization of the licuri shell, focusing on the increase of its use as a fuel. The material was collected in Caldeirão Grande-BA and the characterization included a wide range of analyses such as: moisture content, bulk density, particle size distribution, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, high heating value (HHV), hot water and cyclohexane/ethanol extractions, Klason lignin content, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained results were: moisture content (11,1%), HHV (4652 kcal.kg-1), Klason lignin content (36,86%), volatile content (74,91%), and fixed carbon (21,19%). The results showed that the material can be considered suitable for the purpose of generating energy when compared with other types of biomasses. The ash content (3,9%) and the extractives content (46,75%) are in accordance with the values observed for the babassu nut shell, Brazilian nut shell, and coconut. Finally, by the TGA analysis, it was observed that the degradation peak occurred at 272°C with a loss of 65% of weight. With these results, the licuri nut shell has shown to be potentially promising for the energy production.

The search for new alternatives in order to reuse residues is one way to minimize environmental impacts by promoting sustainable practices. This study analyzed the technical feasibility of briquettes production from urban pruning residue and sugarcane bagasse, turning them into a product with higher added value besides directing their use and reducing their improper disposal. Five treatments were studied from different ratios of the two residues: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively made of 100% of urban pruning; 50% urban pruning and 50% sugarcane bagasse; 25% urban pruning and 75% sugarcane bagasse; 10% urban pruning and 90% sugarcane bagasse; 100% sugarcane bagasse. The materials were characterized physically, chemically and energetically. Briquettes were produced and evaluated for mechanical performance, with expansion tests, mechanical resistance and friability to verify the quality of the final product. The treatments 1 and 2 showed the best results, with lower friability and average values of mechanical resistance of 167.14 and 107.56 kgf, respectively. It is concluded that both residues (sugarcane bagasse and urban pruning) had potential for briquette production, as well as the mixture between both materials. RESUMO A busca de novas alternativas para reutilizar resíduos é uma maneira de minimizar impactos ambientais promovendo práticas sustentáveis. Este trabalho analisou a viabilidade técnica da produção de briquetes a partir de resíduos de poda urbana e bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, transformando-os em um produto com maior valor agregado, além de direcionar seu uso e reduzir a disposição inadequada. Foram estudados cinco tratamentos a partir de diferentes proporções dos dois resíduos: sendo T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5, respectivamente, 100% de resíduo de poda urbana; 50% de resíduo de poda urbana e 50% de bagaço de cana; 24% de resíduo de poda urbana e 75% de bagaço de cana; 10% de resíduo de poda urbana e 90% de bagaço de cana; e 100% de bagaço de cana. Os materiais foram caracterizados física, química e energeticamente. Foram produzidos briquetes e avaliados quanto ao desempenho mecânico, com testes de expansão, resistência mecânica e friabilidade para verificar a qualidade do produto final. Os tratamentos 1 e 2 apresentaram os melhores resultados, com menor friabilidade e valor médio de resistência mecânica de 167,14 e 107,56 kgf, respectivamente. Conclui-se que ambos os resíduos (bagaço de cana e poda urbana) apresentaram potencial para produção de briquete, bem como a mistura entre os dois materiais.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T17:04:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:24:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S2179-80872019005100109.pdf: 744762 bytes, checksum: 61e5dd29f8d298d260dcbbacc8009ad1 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Nagoya University This work aims at the physicochemical characterization of four species: Eucalyptus sp, Pinus sp, Citrus sinensis and Hevea brasiliensis for use in ceramic furnace. Immediate analysis, chemical analyses were carried out (total extractives, Klason lignin, holocellulose and alpha-cellulose content). Results were applied to ANOVA and Tukey for statistics. The ash content of Pinus sp was 1.60%, for volatile material content Eucalyptus sp presented 83.61%, for fixed carbon values, Citrus sinensis presented 20.03%. Chemical analyses in the total extractive content, Citrus sinensis presented 21.76%, Klason lignin content, Pinus sp had 39.24%, Eucalyptus sp 60.29% had the highest holocellulose and alpha-cellulose, which was 42.72%. Pinus sp sample was the one with the highest heating value of 20.090 J/g. According to results obtained in the analyses, it is possible to conclude that all species have potential for applications in ceramic furnace. Univ Fed Sao Carlos UFSCar, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Sao Paulo IFSP, Itapetininga, SP, Brazil Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Botucatu, SP, Brazil CAPES: PVE 117/2012 CAPES: 001

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:49:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:06:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-14392019000700278.pdf: 828426 bytes, checksum: 6f781343cc2246d1e6445db1f8e67105 (MD5) research group Biomass and Bioenergy of UFSCar -Sorocaba campus Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Eucalyptus bark is a waste generated in large volume and has been used as a source of energy. This study tries to use the Eucalyptus sp. bark as a source of raw material for the charcoal production and to study the influence of pyrolysis temperatures on charcoal properties. Charcoal was produced at different temperatures: 300, 400 and 500 degrees C, and their properties were determined by proximate analysis, higher heating value and thermogravimetric analysis. It was observed that higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in increase of the fixed carbon content and higher heating value. In the thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry curves it was possible to determine the differences in the thermal stability of charcoal produced. It can be concluded that the eucalyptus bark charcoal is an alternative for the energy reutilization of this waste and also can be used as charcoal for heating. Univ Estadual Paulista Juleo de Mesquita Filho, Dept Engn Mecan, Av Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Ciencias Ambientais, BR-18052780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Sao Paulo, BR-18202000 Itapetininga, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Engn Eletr, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Itapeva, BR-18409010 Itapeva, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Juleo de Mesquita Filho, Dept Engn Mecan, Av Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Engn Eletr, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Itapeva, BR-18409010 Itapeva, SP, Brazil CAPES: 001

A busca por alternativas para o reaproveitamento de resíduos é uma forma de minimizar os problemas relacionados aos aterros municipais. O presente artigo analisou a viabilidade da produção de briquetes a partir dos resíduos provenientes do aterro de resíduos inertes da cidade de Sorocaba, com o intuito de reduzir o descarte desse material, convertendo-o assim em um produto de maior valor agregado. Os resíduos foram caracterizados quanto à densidade a granel e análise imediata, sendo então compactados com o auxílio de uma prensa hidráulica, sem o uso de temperatura nem aglutinante, os briquetes obtidos foram avaliados quanto à sua estabilidade dimensional, resistência mecânica e durabilidade. Observou-se que o processo de compactação acarretou em briquetes de alta densidade aparente (1077,70 kg/m³) e resistência mecânica (69,75 kgf), confirmando, assim, a viabilidade do uso destes resíduos como biocombustíveis sólidos, desde que seja realizada uma secagem prévia desse material para a sua compactação. Palavras-chave: Biomassa, Bioenergia, Biocombustíveis, Podas urbanas.

Pela crescente inquietação mundial de aumentar o uso de energia de fontes renováveis, os resíduos das mais variadas origens destacam-se como atraentes alternativas energéticas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar quimicamente e fisicamente a palha de cana-de-açúcar e a braquiária, para a produção de combustível sólido. Foram realizados cinco tratamentos: T1: 100% palha de cana, T2: 75% palha de cana e 25% braquiária, T3: 50% palha de cana e 50% braquiária, T4: 25% palha de cana e 75% braquiária e T5: 100% braquiária. Foi constatado que todos os tratamentos apresentaram propriedades aceitáveis como o PCS (> 17500 J/g) e teor de carbono fixo (>19%). Os resultados mostraram que ambos os materiais possuem potencial para o uso como biocombustível sólido.Palavras-chave: Resíduos, Briquete, Bioenergia, Poder Calorífico Superior

Reconstituted wood panels are widely used in various branches of the wood industry, such as in the furniture sectors and various segments of urban and rural construction. In Brazil, agricultural and forestry residues are abundantly generated, making feasible the study, development and application of alternative and sustainable materials, produced from the use of these wastes. The aim of this study was to produce high-density homogenous panels with wood residues of Pinus elliottii and oat hulls (Avena sativa), pressed with two types of adhesive, castor oil-based polyurethane and melamine formaldehyde, and to evaluate the physical performance of these panels. The physical performance of the panels was evaluated based on the ABNT NBR 14810: 2006, ANSI A208.1: 1999 and BS EN 312: 2003 standards. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to test the influence of the factors percentage of oat hull, percentage of adhesive and type of adhesive, and the interactions between these factors on the physical properties of the panels. The results indicated physical properties, in some treatments superior to the requirements stipulated by the consulted standards. It was concluded that the panels produced with the castor oil-based polyurethane adhesive showed better physical performance when compared with the panels produced with the melamine formaldehyde adhesive.