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The area destined for agricultural production in Paraná state in Brazil is ~6 million hectares, of which 79% are under no-tillage systems (NTS) that can positively affect earthworm populations. Furthermore, earthworm abundance and richness can be valuable soil quality. This study assessed earthworm communities in long-term no-tillage sites (NTS) and nearby secondary Atlantic Forest (SF) fragments. Sampling was performed in June 2018 and May 2019 using the quantitative Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility handsorting method (ISO-TSBF), complemented by qualitative sampling in three municipalities: Faxinal, Mauá da Serra and Palmeira, in NTS and SF. Eleven earthworm species, belonging to five families (Benhamiidae, Glossoscolecidae, Megascolecidae, Ocnerodrilidae, and Rhinodrilidae) were found along with seven native species (Glossoscolex sp.22, Glossoscolex sp.23, Fimoscolex sp.21, Fimoscolex sp.24, Fimoscolex sp.42, Andiorrhinus duseni and Urobenus brasiliensis) and four exotic or cosmopolitan species (Dichogaster gracilis, Amynthas gracilis, Metaphire californica and Pontoscolex corethrurus). The cosmopolitan P. corethrurus dominated Faxinal and Mauá da Serra, while in Palmeira Fimoscolex and Glossoscolex were the most abundant. Six species belonging to Glossoscolex and Fimoscolex were new to science and must be described. Overall, 239 individuals were found. In 2018 126 individuals were found (76 in NTS and 50 in SF) and in 2019, only 112 individuals were found (45 in NTS and 67 in SF). The highest earthworm abundance was in Faxinal (123 individuals), with 76 individuals in NTS and 47 in SF. In Mauá da Serra the same pattern was observed (SF>NTS), while in Palmeira in overall, fewer individuals (38) were collected (24 in NTS and 14 in SF). The NTS at Faxinal and SF Mauá da Serra in 2019 had only/more exotic/cosmopolitan species, while at the other dates and sites >50% of the specimens sampled were native species. Overall, forests had more native species than exotics: in 2018, natives represented > 75% of all specimens, but in 2019 both Faxinal and Mauá da Serra had more exotic species (> 65%), while at Palmeira, they represented 50% of the individuals. Earthworm total biomass for forest sites was higher in Faxinal (3.2 g) and NTS in Mauá da Serra (1.7 g) in 2019. Overall, the total biomass was higher in SF sites than NTS. Using a classification available for earthworm populations in no-tillage systems, all three sites were considered to have poor quality in terms of abundance (ind m-2), while for species richness, they were considered to have moderate (Faxinal and Mauá da Serra) and good quality (Palmeira).

In this study, the surface chemistry and morphology and the photocatalytic and antibacterial potential of pure and chlorine (Cl)-doped indium sulfide (In2S3) thin films, produced by spray pyrolysis, were analyzed. The root-mean-square roughness seemed not to be affected significantly by the chlorine concentration in three of the doped films (around 12 nm). The roughness seemed not to affect the characteristics of the films analyzed in this study. The samples presented a photocatalytic efficiency higher than 80%, but no correlation with the chlorine concentration was found. The antibacterial potential of the films was assessed against the multidrug-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, responsible for serious infections, which are extremely difficult to treat in hospitals. The obtained results evidence an increase in antibacterial activity with the increase in chlorine concentration. These results encourage further studies to support the potential of this material to be used in biomedical applications.

Here, we explore the high-altitude adaptions and acclimatisation of

Direct current magnetron co-sputtered titanium and tantalum based oxynitride coatings (TaTiON) were analyzed in terms of their chemistry, surface morphology, surface energy, photocatalytic activity, and corrosion resistance. The variable parameter for the deposition was the applied current on each target, changing between 0.75A and 0.25A for the Ta target, and from 0.25A to 0.75 A for the Ti target, to obtain a total current of 1A. Reference single-sputtered samples (TaON and TiON) were deposited under identical conditions. It was observed that a higher degree of oxidation occurred in the samples deposited with higher current on the Ti target, while nitriding and oxynitriding processes occurred only on the surfaces of the films containing Ta. In terms of surface roughness, the co-sputtered coatings exhibited significantly smaller values, compared to the single-sputtered coatings. The highest photodegradation efficiency was registered for the co-sputtered sample which contains the highest N concentration. The corrosion rate, obtained from electrochemical tests, varies in a rather large domain, as function of the chemical species in the coatings., Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, CNCS - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P1- 1.1-TE-2019-1209, within PNCDI III. Valentin Craciun acknowledges the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research under the Romanian National Nuclear Program LAPLAS VI (contract no. 16 N/2019, ELI-RO_2020_12).

Background and Aim: The use of anesthetic infusions based on pharmacokinetic values associated with anesthetic plan and bispectral index in dogs have not been well-documented in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate the bispectral index (BIS) change based on pre-propofol and establish clinical anesthetic depth changes during propofol sequential target-controlled infusion (STCI) in dogs with a plasma target of 5 μg/mL. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy male dogs aged 1-3 years and weighing 9.8-44 kg were recruited. These dogs were pre-medicated intramuscularly with methadone (0.2 mg/kg) and acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg). After 30 min, propofol anesthetic induction and maintenance were initiated using STCI according to dog pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Subsequently, the target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 5 μg/mL for both anesthetic induction and the 120 min maintenance. Then, TivaTrainer v.9.1 software was used to calculate anesthetic infusion rates in a TCI plasmatic concentration mode using the PKs model optimized by covariates for propofol TCI in dogs. The BIS value was recorded every 5 min from the beginning of induction until the end of anesthesia. Finally, analysis of variance was performed on numerical data using the Friedman test, followed by the Bonferroni adjustment (p

O envelhecimento é um fenômeno mundial, e é uma fase da vida no qual todos os indivíduos terão que passar um dia. Estima-se que até 2025, haverá mais de 30 milhões de pessoas idosas no país, o que pode resultar em 13% dos indivíduos com idade superior a 60 anos na população brasileira. A importância da fisioterapia gerontológica nos dias atuais, é de conservar a função motora e cognitiva do idoso e ao mesmo tempo propiciando um retardamento das instalações das incapacidades decorrentes do processo de envelhecimento, ou reabilitando funcionalmente o idoso para as atividades de vida diária, dessa maneira este trabalho buscou discorrer sobre a atuação da fisioterapia na promoção da qualidade de vida do idoso. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura onde os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scielo e Google acadêmico, utilizando os descritores “fisioterapia” “idoso”, associados a and. Ao todo foram analisados 19 artigos originais publicados entre os anos de 2012 a 2018, sendo que apenas 14 artigos foram usados para análise e discursão final. O ocorrido estudo possibilitou uma compreensão melhor da importância da fisioterapia na busca de um envelhecimento saudável e ativo.

Orientador: Prof. Dr Ricardo Guilherme D’Otaviano de Castro Vilani Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Defesa : Curitiba, 30/07/2021 Inclui referências Resumo: Avaliar variação no índice bispectral (BIS), plano anestésico e parâmetros fisiológicos em cães submetidos a infusão sequencial alvo controlada de propofol. Estudo experimental prospectivo. Vinte cães machos, de 1-3 anos de idade pesando 9,8-44 kg. Os cães foram pré-medicados por via intramuscular com metadona (0,2 mg/kg ) e acepromazina (0,03 mg/kg) e após 30 minutos, indução anestésica com propofol e a manutenção foi iniciada usando uma técnica de infusão controlada por alvo sequencial (STCI). A concentração plasmática alvo de propofol foi fixada em 5 µg/ml para indução anestésica e para manutenção de 120 minutos. O software TivaTrainer 9.1 foi usado para calcular taxas de infusão de propofol no modo de infusão controlada pelo alvo (TCI) utilizando variáveis farmacocinéticas espécies específicas. O valor do BIS, pressão arterial sistólica e frequência cardíaca foram registrados a cada 5 minutos, a partir do início da indução até o final da anestesia. Hematócrito, proteína plasmática total e glicemia foram mensurados antes, durante e após a anestesia. A análise de variância foi realizada em dados numéricos usando o teste de Friedman seguido do ajuste de Bonferroni (p

RESUMO O traumatismo crânio encefálico é definido como qualquer agressão traumática gerada por forças externas capazes de ocasionar lesão anatômica ou comprometimento funcional de estruturas do crânio ou do encéfalo. A fisioterapia apresenta papel relevante na reabilitação dos pacientes com sequelas decorrentes desse traumatismo. Sendo assim, este trabalho buscou discorrer sobre como a intervenção fisioterapêutica pode contribuir de forma significativa para reabilitação dos pacientes com Traumatismo Crânio Encefálico. trabalho constitui-se como uma revisão integrativa, com coleta de dados em artigos publicados nos anos de 2012 a 2018. Utilizou-se os descritores: traumatismo crânio encefálico; fisioterapia; reabilitação, associados com and, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scielo, e Google Acadêmico. Encontra-se 16 artigos, sendo usados 08 para análise final. O estudo possibilitou uma compreensão melhor das causas do Traumatismo Crânio Encefálico e de que maneira a fisioterapia atua no processo de reabilitação desses pacientes. Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia. Traumatismo Crânio Encefálico. Reabilitação.

Summary Background No treatment has consistently shown efficacy in slowing disability progression in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). We assessed the effect of siponimod, a selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1,5 modulator, on disability progression in patients with SPMS. Methods This event-driven and exposure-driven, double-blind, phase 3 trial was done at 292 hospital clinics and specialised multiple sclerosis centres in 31 countries. Using interactive response technology to assign numbers linked to treatment arms, patients (age 18–60 years) with SPMS and an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 3·0–6·5 were randomly assigned (2:1) to once daily oral siponimod 2 mg or placebo for up to 3 years or until the occurrence of a prespecified number of confirmed disability progression (CDP) events. The primary endpoint was time to 3-month CDP. Efficacy was assessed for the full analysis set (ie, all randomly assigned and treated patients); safety was assessed for the safety set. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01665144. Findings 1651 patients were randomly assigned between Feb 5, 2013, and June 2, 2015 (1105 to the siponimod group, and 546 to the placebo group). One patient did not sign the consent form, and five patients did not receive study drug, all of whom were in the siponimod group. 1645 patients were included in the analyses (1099 in the siponimod group and 546 in the placebo). At baseline, the mean time since first multiple sclerosis symptoms was 16·8 years (SD 8·3), and the mean time since conversion to SPMS was 3·8 years (SD 3·5); 1055 (64%) patients had not relapsed in the previous 2 years, and 918 (56%) of 1651 needed walking assistance. 903 (82%) patients receiving siponimod and 424 (78%) patients receiving placebo completed the study. 288 (26%) of 1096 patients receiving siponimod and 173 (32%) of 545 patients receiving placebo had 3-month CDP (hazard ratio 0·79, 95% CI 0·65–0·95; relative risk reduction 21%; p=0·013). Adverse events occurred in 975 (89%) of 1099 patients receiving siponimod versus 445 (82%) of 546 patients receiving placebo; serious adverse events were reported for 197 (18%) patients in the siponimod group versus 83 (15%) patients in the placebo group. Lymphopenia, increased liver transaminase concentration, bradycardia and bradyarrhythmia at treatment initiation, macular oedema, hypertension, varicella zoster reactivation, and convulsions occurred more frequently with siponimod than with placebo. Initial dose titration mitigated cardiac first-dose effects. Frequencies of infections, malignancies, and fatalities did not differ between groups. Interpretation Siponimod reduced the risk of disability progression with a safety profile similar to that of other S1P modulators and is likely to be a useful treatment for SPMS. Funding Novartis Pharma AG.

OBJECTIVE: To update the recommendations for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) with biological therapies, endorsed by the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology (SPR). METHODS: These treatment recommendations were formulated by Portuguese rheumatologists based on literature evidence and consensus opinion. At a national meeting the 10 recommendations were discussed and updated. The document resulting from this meeting circulated to all Portuguese rheumatologists, who anonymously voted online on the level of agreement with the recommendations. RESULTS: These recommendations cover general aspects as shared decision, prospective registry in Reuma.pt, assessment of activity and RA impact and treatment objective. Consensus was also achieved regarding specific aspects as initiation of biologic therapy, assessment of response, switching and definition of persistent remission. CONCLUSION: These recommendations may be used for guidance of treatment with biological therapies in patients with RA. As more evidence becomes available and more therapies are licensed, these recommendations will be updated. publishersversion published

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A new family of {Cu4Ln2} (Ln = Gd, Tb and Dy) complexes bearing the gem-diol form of di-2-pyridyl ketone [(py)2CO] ligand is reported. Magnetic studies reveal the presence of predominant ferromagnetic exchange interactions between the metal ions. As a result, the hexanuclear compounds exhibit single-molecule magnetism behavior and large magnetic entropy changes, depending on the 4f-metal ion present.

A family of nanosized {Cu

Estar diariamente preparado para o inesperado nao e uma tarefa facil, mas e certamente um desafo aliciante, e revela-se especialmente importante na perspectiva do socorro ao trauma e da chamada medicina humanitaria - um termo em relacao a cujo uso qual ha razao para ter algumas reservas, dado que toda a medicina e, por defnicao, humanitaria. No âmbito do socorro a(s) pessoa(s) traumatizada(s), e de especial importância a existencia de um sistema de apoio multidisciplinar e integrado na area d...

Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Sep-17 BACKGROUND: Warfarin reduces the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation but increases the risk of hemorrhage and is difficult to use. Dabigatran is a new oral direct thrombin inhibitor. METHODS: In this noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned 18,113 patients who had atrial fibrillation and a risk of stroke to receive, in a blinded fashion, fixed doses of dabigatran--110 mg or 150 mg twice daily--or, in an unblinded fashion, adjusted-dose warfarin. The median duration of the follow-up period was 2.0 years. The primary outcome was stroke or systemic embolism. RESULTS: Rates of the primary outcome were 1.69% per year in the warfarin group, as compared with 1.53% per year in the group that received 110 mg of dabigatran (relative risk with dabigatran, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74 to 1.11; P

Background: Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is a recently introduced clinical construct to define non-lacunar cryptogenic ischemic stroke and is the basis for two large international randomized trials recently underway. Diagnostic criteria are a visualized non-lacunar stroke on CT or MRI, absence of atrial fibrillation by history, ECG and at least 24 hours of rhythm monitoring, absence of intracardiac thrombus by echocardiography, no occlusive atherosclerosis based on imaging of the cervical and intracranial arteries, and no specific cause of stroke identified. The frequency and features of ESUS patients have not been characterized previously. Methods: Consecutive patients with recent ischemic stroke were retrospectively reviewed at 20 stroke research centers in 20 different countries to identify those meeting criteria for ESUS, as well as reasons not meeting criteria for the remaining patients. Results: Of 2.090 patients with recent ischemic stroke, 18% met ESUS criteria (range 2% to 36%). Of those not meeting ESUS criteria, major reasons were atrial fibrillation (26%), lacunar stroke (19%), incomplete diagnostic evaluation (18%), carotid artery stenosis >50% (17%), and intracranial stenosis (13%). Excluding those without the required diagnostic evaluation, 22% met criteria for ESUS. Of the 378 ESUS patients, the mean age was 64 years (vs. 68 years for non-ESUS), 56% were men (54% non-ESUS), 16% received tPA, and 33% were taking antiplatelet therapy at stroke onset. Hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease were present in 66%, 26%, and 11%, respectively. At hospital discharge, 93% received antiplatelet therapy, 6% anticoagulant therapy, and 1% no antithrombotic therapy. Conclusions: Ischemic stroke patients meeting criteria for ESUS are not uncommon (22% of ischemic strokes) in stroke centers performing the required diagnostic evaluation. Antiplatelet therapy is overwhelmingly used for secondary prevention in these patients with non-lacunar cryptogenic stroke.

The first use of the flexible Schiff base ligand N-salicylidene-2-aminocyclohexanol in metal cluster chemistry has afforded a new family of Ln7 clusters with ideal D(3h) point group symmetry and metal-centered trigonal prismatic topology; solid-state and solution studies revealed SMM and photoluminescence behaviors.

White matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin, are recognized as an important cause of morbidity with established clinical and cognitive consequences. Nonetheless, many doubts remain on its physiopathology. Our goal is to clarify the potential role of carotid atherosclerosis and other vascular risk factors in the development of white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin.We included patients that underwent CT brain scan and neurosonologic evaluation within a one-month period. Full assessment of vascular risks factors was performed. We seek to find independent associations between white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin, carotid intima-media thickness and vascular risk factors.472 patients were included, mean age was 67.32 (SD: 14.75), 274 (58.1%) were male. The independent predictors of white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin were age (OR: 1.067, 95% IC: 1.049 - 1.086, p0.001) and hypertension (OR: 1.726, 95% IC: 1.097 - 2.715, p = 0.018). No association was found between IMT (OR: 2.613, 95% IC: 0.886 - 7.708, p = 0.082) or carotid artery stenosis (OR: 1.021, 95% IC: 0.785 - 1.328, p = 0.877) and white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin.Only age and hypertension proved to have an independent association with white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin. Carotid atherosclerosis, evaluated by IMT and the degree of carotid artery stenosis, showed no association with white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin. Since atherosclerosis is a systemic pathology, these results suggest that alternative mechanisms are responsible for the development of white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin.Age and hypertension seem to be the main factors in the development of white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin. No association was found between carotid atherosclerosis and white matter hypodensities of presumed vascular origin.Introdução: As hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular, são uma causa importante de morbilidade, condicionando deterioração cognitiva. No entanto, numerosas dúvidas persistem quanto à sua fisiopatologia. O objectivo deste estudo é clarificar o papel da aterosclerose carotídea e outros factores de risco vascular no desenvolvimento das hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular.Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma avaliação imagiológica, por tomografia computadorizada crânio-encefálica e ecografia carotídea, com menos de um mês de intervalo. Procedeu-se à recolha de informação sobre os factores de risco vascular. Determinámos associações independentes entre hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular, espessura da íntima média carotídea, estenose carotídea ateromatosa e factores de risco vascular.Resultados: Foram incluídos 472 doentes, idade média de 67,32 (DP: 14.75), 274 (58,1%) sexo masculino. Os preditores independentes da hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular foram: idade (OR: 1,067, 95% IC: 1,049 – 1,086, p0,001) e a hipertensão (OR: 1,726, 95% IC: 1,097 – 2,715, p = 0,018). Não foi encontrada uma associação entre a espessura da intima média carotídea (OR: 2,613, 95% IC: 0,886 – 7,708, p = 0,082) ou grau de estenose carotídea (OR: 1,021, 95% IC: 0,785 – 1,328, p = 0,877) e hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular.Discussão: Dos diversos factores de risco analisados, apenas a idade e hipertensão se associaram de forma independente às hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular. Não foi encontrada uma relação entre a aterosclerose extracraniana, expressa pela espessura do complexo intima-média ou grau de estenose, com o desenvolvimento de hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular. Sendo a aterosclerose um fenómeno sistémico, estes achados sugerem que as hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular, tenham um mecanismo alternativo ou concorrente à aterosclerose no seu desenvolvimento.Conclusão: Os dados deste estudo, sugerem que a idade e hipertensão sejam os principais factores de risco no desenvolvimento de hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular. Não foi encontrada uma associação independente entre a aterosclerose carotídea e as hipodensidades da substância branca de provável etiologia vascular.