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Relatively little is known about pollination and other aspects of the reproductive biology of bamboos, but wind pollination is assumed to be the rule, at least in woody bamboos. Documenting the reproductive biology of woody bamboos is a complex task due to the long periods of time between flowering cycles, which range from 3 to 120 years. Insects visiting Guadua paniculata and G. inermis flowers were collected in the field. Scanning electron micrographs were taken of the visiting insects. Four species of bees, three from tribe Meliponini (Geotrigona acapulconis, Plebeia frontalis and Trigona fulviventris) and one from tribe Apini (Apis mellifera), along with a syrphid fly (Toxomerus teligera) were found visiting bamboo flowers. Some species of Hemiptera were also found feeding on the flowers, such as Neortholomus jamaicensis (Lygaeidae), or preying on the flower visitors (Apiomerus pictipes (Reduviidae)). Insects visiting bamboo inflorescences may facilitate the release of pollen grains into the air, promoting outcrossing and genetic flow among the individuals of the flowering bamboo populations.

Se describen e ilustran en detalle todos los estadios de Cebreniscella antennata Brailovsky, incluyendo notas sobre su biología, se le ha encontrado alimentándose de las estructuras reproductoras de varias especies de Vernonia (Asteraceae), y se encuentra distribuida desde el estado de Jalisco, hasta Oaxaca, incluyendo Morelos y el Estado de México.

ResumenSe describen los estados inmaduros de 3 especies de chinches Lygaeinae provenientes de la península de Baja California, México. Se ilustran y describen en detalle todos los estadios de Melacoryphus nigrinervis (Stål) y de Oncopeltus (Oncopeltus) sanguinolentus Van Duzee. Para Lygaeus kalmii kalmii Stål se ilustran y describen los estadios cuarto y quinto. Se incluyen también notas acerca de la biología y distribución de las especies estudiadas.AbstractImmature stages of 3 species of Lygaeinae from the Peninsula of Baja California, Mexico are described. Illustrations and detailed descriptions of all instars of Oncopeltus (Oncopeltus) sanguinolentus Van Duzee and Melacoryphus nigrinervis (Stål); for Lygaeus kalmii kalmii Stål fourth and fifth instars are described and illustrated. Biological notes, host plants and distribution are also included.

The immature stages of Pangaeus (Pangaeus) serripes are described for the first time. Immature stages are illustrated and notes about their biology are included. Morphological features of the legs of the nymphs are associated with the fossorial habit of the Cydninae. Both adults and nymphs have been reared and found feeding on fallen fruits and seeds of several species of figs in Mexico.

ResumenSe estudiaron el ciclo de vida y la distribución temporal de Stenomacra marginella (Herrich-Schaeffer). Adultos y ninfas fueron recolectados como parte de un estudio sobre la biodiversidad de hemípteros en ambientes contrastantes de la cuenca de Cuitzeo, Michoacán. Se describen e ilustran en detalle todos los estadios de vida, incluyendo notas sobre su biología, fenología y plantas huéspedes.AbstractThe life cycle and temporal distribution of Stenomacra marginella (Herrich-Schaeffer) were studied. Adults and nymphs were collected as part of a project to study the Hemiptera diversity in contrasting environments in the Cuitzeo Basin, Michoacán. All life history stages are illustrated and described in detail, and notes on biology, phenology, and host plants are included.

— Descriptions and illustrations of a new coleopteroid genus of Lethaeini are presented. The new genusTuitocoris with one species, Tuitocoris brzoskai new species, is similar to the American genus Xestocoris and to the Australian Austroxestus. Like some other coleopteroid Lethaeini, it has several modifications in the hemelytra and hind wings. Dorsal views of male, head, foreleg, mesothoracic scent gland, paramere, pygophore, spermatheca, and fifth instar nymph are illustrated. This species was found in an area of pine forest on the coast of the state of Jalisco, Mexico, which is known for the great number of endemic species of Heteroptera and some other groups of insects and plants, so it should be considered for conservation purposes.

Andercnemodus picachus is described and illustrated as a new genus and species of Myodochini (Lygaeoidea) from Baja California (Mexico). The following Lygaeoidea are recorded from Mexico for the first time: Ochrimnus foederatus (Van Duzee) (Lygaeidae), Thylochromus nitidulus Barber (Drymini), Sphragisticus nebulosus (Fallen) (Megalonotini) and Pseudopamera rubricata (Barber) (Myodochini). New Mexican records of Heterogaster behrensii Uhler (Heterogastridae) are added.

Neaplax baja n. sp., assigned to the family Oxycarenidae (Lygaeoidea), is described from Mexico as the second member of the genus. New distributional records for Neaplax mexicana Slater are given, and an illustration of the new species and a key to the known species are provided.

Se describen e ilustran en detalle todos los estadios de Froeschneria piligera (Stål), incluyendo notas sobre su biología, se le ha encontrado alimentándose de las semillas de varias especies vegetales, principalmente de especies de Asteraceae, y es una especie terrestre facultativa, alimentándose de las semillas de algunas especies de Ficus. Se crió en laboratorio utilizando semillas de girasol.

The life cycle of Balboa variabilis Distant is described for the first time. We include illustrations of all life history stages, as well as biological notes and distribution of this variable species in Mexico. Balboa variabilis can only be found in cloud forest or pine-oak forest. Nymphs of this species can be separated from nymphs of the genus Ozophora, by the shape of the body and measurements.

One new genus, Pseudomenotelus from México, is proposed within Lygaeoidea (Ozophorini) based on the new species P. oculatus from the state of Chiapas in Mexico. In addition, two new species from Honduras are described in the genus Pseudomenus, P. hondurensis and P. olanchus, each belonging to Ozophorini. A key to the Mexican genera of Ozophorini is included, as well as a key to the known species of Pseudomenus. All taxa here reported are leaf-litter-inhabiting and were collected in mesophilous forest.

A new species of Neopetissius O'Donnell from Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama, is described and figured. A habitus illustration, and drawings of male and female genitalia are included.

The genus Xestocoris Van Duzee is reported from Mexico for the first time, and three new species, X. adustus (Guerrero, Morelos, Nayarit, and Puebla), X. clavatus (Chiapas, Guerrero, Michoacan, and Oaxaca), and X. punctatus (Chiapas), are described. Two species, X. collinus described from Guatemala and Panama, and X. tibialis from the United States, are newly recorded for Mexico. Habitus, illustrations, and drawings of the male genitalia are provided, and a key to the known Xestocoris species is presented.

Se describen los estados de desarrollo (huevo, ninfas y adulto) de 3 especies de Lygaeinae (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Lygaeidae), Anochrostomus formosus (Blanchard) principalmente asociada con especies de Asteraceae y Convolvulaceae, y Lygaeus reclivatus reclivatus(Say) y Oncopeltus (Oncopeltus) sexmaculatus (Stål) asociadas con Asclepiadaceae. Las descripciones están basadas en ejemplares colectados en los estados de Oaxaca y Guerrero (México) y criados en el laboratorio. Se ilustra cada uno de los estadios y se incluyen notas acerca de su biología y plantas huéspedes.The life stages (egg, nymphs, and adult) of 3 species of Lygaeinae (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Lygaeidae) are described. Anochrostomus formosus (Blanchard) is mainly associated with species of Asteraceae and Convolvulaceae, whereas Lygaeus reclivatus reclivatus (Say) and Oncopeltus (Oncopeltus) sexmaculatus (Stål) are associated with Asclepiadaceae. Descriptions are based on individuals collected in the states of Oaxaca and Guerrero (Mexico), and reared in laboratory. Illustrations of each instar are also included, as well as notes about their biology and host plants.

The genus Eremocoris Fieber is represented by 43 species, and three subspecies, 14 and 3 are Palearctic, 5 Oriental, 3 Afrotropical and 21 Nearctic. 14 species are recorded in Mexico. This contribution contains descriptions and illustrations of the adult and all immature stages of Eremocoris juquilianus sp. nov. and notes on its biology, habitat, and distribution in Mexico.

El ciclo de vida de Cholula maculatus, asociada a diversas especies de Ficus se reporta en detalle, incluyendo descripción e ilustración de todos los estadios. Esta especie es considerada como arbórea dentro de la clasificación de Slater (1972) para las especies de Lygaeidae asociadas a Ficus spp. y dado que se alimenta de semillas de Ficus incluidas en excremento de mamíferos y aves, C. maculatus debería ser catalogada dentro de una nueva subcategoría.

Six new species of Amnestus Dallas from the Mexican states of Campeche, Chiapas, Hidalgo, and Veracruz are described. Illustrations of adults and diagnostic characters of the head, prosternal carina, pronotum, legs, parameres, and methatoracic scent gland are provided. Distribution and notes about their biology are included.

Two new species of Myodocha, Myodocha parcicoma Cervantes and Myodocha unispinopilosa Cervantes, are described from Mexico and South America. A key to the 10 known species and new geographic records for the genus are provided. Species in this genus can be separated into two groups by the presence or absence of hairs on the neck region; other characters used to differentiate the species are length of rostrum, presence of tibial spines on forelegs in males; and shape and number of spines on forefemora of males and females. The last two characters (i.e., shape and number of spines on forefemora), although variable, show diverse patterns.

The life cycle of Dystus puberulus Stal, including all developmental stages, is described and notes on its biology are provided. The association of this rare species of Scutelleridae with several species of Ficus is reported for first time. Nymphs and adults of this species feed on the immature fruits, which resembles them in shape and color. Nymphs and adults are densely setose, with slightly flattened antenna, characteristics that are unusual in Scutelleridae.

The life cycle of Pachycoris klugii on its native host, Cnidoscoulus multilobus (Euphorbiaceae), is reported in detail for the first time. Egg, nymphs, and adults are described and illustrated. Extensive variation was observed in the color pattern of adults. Maternal behavior was related to egg parasitism, habitat and host plant phenology. The tachinid fly Trichopoda pennipes was observed parasitizing adults and the scelionid wasp Telenomus pachycoris parasitized eggs of P. klugii.

Two new species of Lygaeinae endemic to the Peninsula of Baja California, Mexico, are described. Dalmochrimnus insularis sp. nov. endemic to San Ildefonso Island in the Gulf of California and Melacoryphus lagunensis sp. nov. endemic to the Reserve area of Sierra La Laguna in the South of the Peninsula. A discussion about their relationships within their genera and their endemic status is also provided.

Very little is known about the biology of Catorhintha species, for which a total of 32 species are known, with 10 species present in Mexico. The aim of this work was to describe the immature stages of Catorhintha apicalis scrutator. For this, adults and nymphs were collected as part of a project to study the Hemiptera diversity in contrasting environments in the Cuitzeo Basin, Michoacan. Sampling was done by direct collections and entomological nets; and a total of 523 individuals, 452 nymphs and 71 adults were collected during one year. The 84% of individuals were collected during the rainy season with the greater abundance in August and September, when Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae) its host plant, was also more abundant in the study area. All instars were described and notes about their biology and phenology are provided, including the association with its host plant Mirabilis jalapa; besides, comparisons with other species in the genus Catorhintha were made.

The genus Amnestus is one of the most diverse genera of burrowing bugs. In recent years it has been possible to obtain great quantities of specimens, including some new species, due to collecting in special habitats and using different trapping techniques. In this paper we describe eleven new species for the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Full descriptions, illustrations of dorsal habitus, fore and hind legs, prosternal carina, external scent efferent system, and paramere of the new species: A. carinopilosus, A. chiapensis, A. cristobalensis, A. denticulatus, A. laevifemoralis, A. longinoi, A. lorenae, A. marcelae, A. puncticarinatus, A. santiagensis, A. septemclavatus, are included. Amnestus bergrothi and Amnestus stali are redescribed, also illustrated, and lectotypes assigned, because they were originally described based on females. The original description of Amnestus dallasi is also included, because it was described based on one female and it is the only specimen known. Brief descriptions of the other 14 Mexican known species and their distribution are also included. A key and a general discussion to separate the 28 Mexican species are also provided.

The genus Paracholula Harrington has been represented by two species, P. picta (Fab) and P. thoracica (Distant), both recorded from Mexico. Individuals of one population from Guerrero were studied and compared with individuals of both species from different collections, including the types. Using scanning electron micrographs of different structures, and observation of the male genitalia of some individuals, together with a close examination of all the individuals from the population from Guerrero, we discovered, that there is great variation in all the structures and that some characters that were used to separate the two species are present within the population from Guerrero. Therefore we synonymize both species, stating that the valid name for this species is Paracholula picta (Fab). Descriptions and illustrations of all the immature stages from the Guerrero population are included. Notes about host plants, biology and distributional records are also included.

Muy poco se conoce de la biología de las especies de Catorhintha, para el cual se existen 32 especies, 10 especies están presentes en México. El presente estudio, tuvo como objetivo la descripción de los estados inmaduros de Catorhintha apicalis scrutator. Como parte de un estudio sobre la biodiversidad de Hemípteros en ambientes contrastantes de la Cuenca de Cuitzeo, Michoacán, se recolectaron adultos y ninfas. El muestreo se hizo por medio de recolecta directa y red entomológica. Durante un periodo de un año, se recolectaron un total de 523 individuos, 452 ninfas y 71 adultos. El 84% de los individuos fueron recolectados durante la temporada de lluvias con una mayor abundancia entre Agosto y Septiembre, cuando Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae), su planta huésped, también es más abundante en el área de estudio. Se describen e ilustran todos los estados de vida, incluyendo notas sobre su biología y fenología en asociación con la planta huésped Mirabilis jalapa; se hacen comparaciones con otras especies del género Catorhintha. Very little is known about the biology of Catorhintha species, for which a total of 32 species are known, with 10 species present in Mexico. The aim of this work was to describe the immature stages of Catorhintha apicalis scrutator. For this, adults and nymphs were collected as part of a project to study the Hemiptera diversity in contrasting environments in the Cuitzeo Basin, Michoacan. Sampling was done by direct collections and entomological nets; and a total of 523 individuals, 452 nymphs and 71 adults were collected during one year. The 84% of individuals were collected during the rainy season with the greater abundance in August and September, when Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae) its host plant, was also more abundant in the study area. All instars were described and notes about their biology and phenology are provided, including the association with its host plant Mirabilis jalapa; besides, comparisons with other species in the genus Catorhintha were made. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (2): 579-587. Epub 2014 June 01.

A new species of Cholula (Myodochini) from Jamaica is described. This represents the first record of this genus for the Caribbean. Cholula minuta can be differentiated from other species of the genus mainly by its size. It is one of the smallest species described to date, being similar in size only to C. parvus, but C. minuta is unicolorous, while C. parvus has a mixture of black, brown and white coloration.

A new genus of Antillocorini, Pulmomerus, and a new species Pulmomerus levatus from Baja California Sur aredescribed. This species with reduced hemelytra is characterized by the presence of spines on the fore femora, the veryelevated connexiva, the absence of metathoracic wings, and a peculiar and unique spermatheca. Specimens were foundunder leaf litter of Ficus palmeri, which represents another record of Rhyparochromidae associated with figs in Mexico, and a probably endemic species from Cabo Pulmo National Park.

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio del ciclo de vida de Anasa litigiosa Stal. Se recolectaron ejemplares adultos de esta especie que se encontraban sobre plantas de chayote y fueron cultivados en el laboratorio utilizando hojas, tallos y frutos de la misma planta. Se describen e ilustran en detalle todos los estadios de vida, incluyendo notas sobre su biologia. Anasa litigiosa se ha recolectado sobre bromeliaceas y cucurbitaceas y es una plaga importante de estas ultimas.

The life cycles of the seed bugs, Kleidocerys punctatus Distant and Kleidocerys virescens F. (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae: Ischnorhynchinae), are reported for the first time. Description of all immature stages and adults are included. Adults and nymphs of K. punctatus are associated with several species of Alnus (Betulaceae), while those of K. virescens are associated with Nicotiana glauca Graham, Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae), and Buddleia crotonoides A. Gray and Buddleia sp. (Loganiaceae). Adults and nymphs feed mainly on the seeds, inside the dry fruit, but they also take plant juices from other reproductive and vegetative structures. Illustrations of the eggs, all nymphal instars, and the adults, as well as notes on their biology and their distribution in Mexico, are included.

Diecienueve especies de psócidos fueron registrados en Isla Socorro, con una superficie de 167 km^, y a 704 km al oeste de Manzanillo, Colima, México, y seis especies de psócidos fueron registrados en Isla Clarión, con una superficie de 25 km^ y a 372 km al oeste de Isla Socorro y a 1076 km al oeste de Manzanillo. Todas las especies de Clarión, excepto dos, se encuentran también en Socorro. Sólo dos de las 21 especies de ambas islas son endémicas: una de ellas se encuentra en ambas islas y la otra se encuentra sólo en Clarión; ambas son del género Cerobasis. la mayoría de las especies no endémicas se han registrado en la costa del Pacífico de México, al este de las islas. Siete de las 21 especies de las Islas Revillagigedo se encuentran también en las Islas Marías, y 13 de ellas se encuentran también en la costa del Pacífico de México, para dar un indice de similitud faunística de 0.19 con ambas áreas. la fauna de psócidos de las Islas Revillagigedo, constituye una extensión empobrecida de la fauna de psócidos de la costa del Pacífico de México, explicable por la distancia de la costa a las islas, y por el área reducida de éstas.

Se citan 10 especies de Cydnidae (Hemiptera:Heteroptera) presentes en el área del Centro de Investigaciones Costeras La Mancha (CICOLMA) perteneciente al Instituto de Ecología, A.C. en la costa del estado de Veracruz. Se registran 5 géneros: Amnestus, Cyrtomenus, Dallasiellus, Melanaethus y Pangaeus y se describen 2 especies nuevas, Dallasiellus rugosus sp. nov. y Melanaethus dunensis sp. nov. La mayoría de las especies fueron recolectadas bajo la copa de árboles de Ficus spp., alimentándose de los frutos y semillas. Se redescriben brevemente las especies ya descritas, y se reúnen notas acerca de su biología y distribución en el área de estudio y en el país; se incluye una ilustración de cada especie y una clave para su identificación

Praetorblissus mexicanus is described as a new species of Blissidae. This species represents the first record of the genus for Mexico and expands its northern limit of distribution. The species was collected in a pine area in the state of Oaxaca associated with the bamboo Chusquea repens. A key is included to separate all the species in the genus.

The subfamily Ischnorhynchinae is distributed worldwide and is represented by 3 genera Kleidocerys, Neokleidocerys, and Polychisme in the American Continent. Here, we report this subfamily for the first time from Costa Rica, redescribe Kleidocerys virescens, Neokleidocerys goldmani, Polychisme poecilus, and describe a new species, Kleidocerys costaricensis n. sp. A dorsal habitus illustration of the male, drawings of the male genitalia, and scanning electron micrographs of some morphological features are provided for this new species. A key to all Costa Rican species in the subfamily is presented.

ResumenSe describen los estados inmaduros de 4 especies de chinches de Coreidae provenientes de la península de Baja California, México. Se ilustran y describen en detalle todos los estadios de Catorhintha texana Stål; todos los estadios, excepto el primero de Catorhintha guttula stali Blöte y Chelinidea vittiger Uhler; y el tercero, cuarto y quinto estadios de Scolopocerus granulosus Barber. Se incluyen también notas acerca de su biología, plantas huéspedes y distribución.AbstractImmature stages of 4 species of Coreidae from the Baja California Peninsula are described. Illustrations and detailed descriptions of all the instars of Catorhintha texana Stål; all, except first one of Catorhintha guttula stali Blöte, and Chelinidea vittiger Uhler; and the third, fourth, and fifth instars of Scolopocerus granulosus Barber are included. Biological notes, host plants and distribution are also included.