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Kommerell diverticulums are an uncommon congenital vascular disease involving an aberrant origin of the right or left subclavian artery and a dilation of its root. Here, we present the case of a 44-year-old woman with a relapse of a surgically repaired aberrant subclavian artery with a Kommerell diverticulum.

Surgery is the standard treatment for local renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but many patients are medically inoperable and local approaches such as radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation may be limited to smaller tumours. Conventional radiotherapy has not been effective in RCC, but higher dose-per-fraction radiotherapy has shown high local control rates accompanied by low toxicity. This is particularly important in the case of patients with a solitary kidney, either congenital or due to previous surgical history. Here, we present the case of a 68-year-old female patient with congenital right renal agenesis diagnosed with clear cell renal cell carcinoma in her left (solitary) kidney. Originally, the patient started treatment with sunitinib but 9 months later, due to important side effects, it was decided to treat her with CyberKnife Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) using a prescription dose of 45 Gy in five sessions. Ten months after her treatment, PET/CT images showed no signs of local hypermetabolism and more than a year after treatment, kidney function remains stable. Curiously, PET/CT also revealed the presence of percutaneous tumour seeding probably after renal biopsy. This case supports the growing body of evidence showing the value of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for renal cancer, especially for medically inoperable renal tumours in a solitary kidney.

Graphical abstract, Highlights • SVA is a rare condition caused by weakness of elastic lamina. • The right coronary sinus is involved in 67% to 85% of the reported cases. • Clinical features are varied and nonspecific, demanding a high index of suspicion. • Prompt diagnosis with echocardiography is recommended. • Emergent surgical repair should be offered to avoid clinical decompensation.

Introduction: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is a rare heart disease that encompasses an atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance and accounts for less than 1 percent of congenital heart diseases. Objective: To present an atypical case of a man with complex congenital heart disease and conduction anomalies. Case Presentation: This is a case of a 34-year-old patient who came to the hospital with 1 week of dyspnea on exertion and episodes of lipothymia. The patient was referred to our hospital after an electrocardiogram from his primary care with evidence of blocked atrial fibrillation. During the initial evaluation blocked atrial fibrillation was confirmed with a rescue ventricular rate of 38 bpm. A magnetic resonance confirmed the presence of the atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance, the aorta had a left anterior position, perimembranous ventricular septal defect with a right to left shunt, biventricular systolic dysfunction, moderate tricuspid, and mitral regurgitation, interventricular septal intramyocardial and biatrial fibrosis, left atrial dilation, and dilation of the pulmonary artery. After pacemaker placement, the patient has an improvement in his clinical symptoms and quality of life. Conclusions: Cardiac arrhythmias are CCTGA’s leading cause of death, mostly ventricular tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation. Right bundle branch block is a previously unreported and potentially very rare presentation of this disease. This, added to the fact that our patient was diagnosed at an advanced age, but without symptoms of heart failure, makes him an atypical case of CCTGA, with new potential treatment options.

Heart diseases are the main cause of mortality in Mexico, being coronary heart disease the most frequent in the country. Its high prevalence makes important the study of the pathophysiology and the search for prognostic factors. Different genes and polymorphisms promote atherogenesis and coronary artery disease, they affect inflammatory and vascular pathological processes. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is associated with coronary heart disease, it promotes chronic inflammation and cytokines release; it could trigger immune reactions and its activating receptors express in the vascular endothelium. Besides, polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are implied with coronary disease, they are found in angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes. These genetic polymorphisms are associated with a prothrombotic state, endothelial dysfunction, and immune activation. Multiple experimental studies showed that chronic activation of RAAS and chronic expression of IRF5 generates an environment prone to the development of atherosclerosis, and autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. Studying these specific genes and their relationship with coronary heart disease will allow a better understanding of the pathological process and possibly the quest for new treatments.

A new coronavirus emerged in 2019 in Wuhan, China named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome type 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Later, this virus spread worldwide, causing a disease called coronavirus disease (COVID-19). To control the outbreak, many countries announced mandatory quarantine; thus, people changed their lifestyles and started engaging in most activities from home. This review explains how some dermatological pathologies may be precipitated by prolonged stays at home, considering that quarantine was a widely used public health measure during 2020. Most of these dermatoses had to be seen, diagnosed, and treated through tele-dermatology, a remote health care system that took force during the COVID-19 pandemic because of its ease and efficiency in connecting health care professionals and their patients; therefore, reducing the risk of contagion and costs associated to medical care. This review of the principal dermatologic conditions during confinement could allow for a better preparation of health professionals.

Rotoscoping of facial features is often an integral part of Visual Effects post-production, where the parametric contours created by artists need to be highly detailed, consist of multiple interacting components, and involve significant manual supervision. Yet those assets are usually dis-carded after compositing and hardly reused. In this paper, we present the first methodology to learn from these assets. With only a few manually rotoscoped shots, we identify and extract semantically consistent and task specific landmark points and re-vectorize the roto shapes based on these land-marks. We then train two separate models – one to predict landmarks based on a rough crop of the face region, and the other to predict the roto shapes using only the inferred landmarks from the first model. In preliminary production testing, 26% of shots rotoscoped using our tool were able to be used with no adjustment, and another 47% were able to be used with minor adjustments. This represents a significant time savings for the studio, as artists are able to rotoscope almost 73% of their shots with no manual roto-scoping and some spline adjustment. This paper presents a novel application of machine learning to professional interactive rotoscoping, a methodology to convert unstructured roto shapes into a self-annotated, trainable dataset that can be harnessed to make accurate predictions on future shots of a similar object, and a limited dataset of rotoscoped multi-shape fine feature systems from a real film production.

Bifidobacterium Animalis SUBSP Lactis CNCM-I2494 Restores Tight Junction Proteins Levels in a Chronic Low-grade Colonic Inflammation Mouse Model. 8. Probiotics, Prebiotics & New Foods for Microbiota and Human Health meeting held

Chronic kidney disease impacts the cognitive abilities of patients, and yet few works have analyzed functional electroencephalographic changes on event-related potentials before and after an hemodialysis session. This work shows that, as a consequence of hemodialysis, cognitive potential waveforms suffer changes, occurring with reduced latency $( \sim 50$ ms) and with larger amplitude $( \sim 0.128\mathrm {a}$.u.) after the treatment session. While only a limited sample of five patients is reported herein, the observed changes immediately after hemodialysis could be a sign of central nervous system alterations that are not clinically evaluated. Signs like these could entail an early indicator of possible evolution into some neuropathology.

Mucositis is an inflammatory condition of the gut, caused by an adverse effect of chemotherapy drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In an attempt to develop alternative treatments for the disease, several research groups have proposed the use of probiotics, in particular, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). In this context, the use of recombinant LAB, for delivering anti-inflammatory compounds has also been explored. In previous work, we demonstrated that either Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 or a recombinant strain expressing an antimicrobial peptide involved in human gut homeostasis, the Pancreatitis-associated Protein (PAP), could ameliorate 5-FU-induced mucositis in mice. However, the impact of these strains on the gut microbiota still needs to be elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to characterize the effects of both Lactococci strains in the gut microbiome of mice through a 16 S rRNA gene sequencing metagenomic approach. Our data show 5-FU caused a significant decrease in protective bacteria and increase of several bacteria associated with pro-inflammatory traits. The Lactococci strains were shown to reduce several potential opportunistic microbes, while PAP delivery was able to suppress the growth of Enterobacteriaceae during inflammation. We conclude the strain secreting antimicrobial PAP was more effective in the control of 5-FU-dysbiosis.

Nowadays, more and more studies present the results obtained while testing the lightning impulse breakdown behavior of newly developed, innovative dielectric oils. As showed for industrial frequencies, clear standardized test conditions are mandatory to allow the interpretation of test results without uncertainties. This paper addresses the characteristics of the measuring cell suggested by ASTM and IEC standards and their influence on performing impulse breakdown measurements. As an addition to the results recently published by other research teams, this work intends to discuss several aspects that could be further investigated in a working group. The joint research could provide the ASTM and the IEC standards organizations with a broader view of lightning impulse breakdown (LI) and withstand data that can benefit and improve their regulation.