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Background: For public health fields, it is fundamental to understand the exponential the reasons behind the consumption increase in 9-Delta-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other psychotropics. Estimate relationships between THC consumption and psychosocial variables (PSVs) among students and professors at a Colombian university.Methods: This observational descriptive cross-sectional study was developed between 2016 and 2018 with a total of 160 university students and 60 professors from a Colombian public university of one pharmaceutical chemistry program. Using an instrument based on the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) survey designed by Kovacs (1977), participants were surveyed directly, voluntarily, and anonymously about marijuana use and different psychosocial variables of everyday life. Correlation of variables was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24, 2016. In each variable, risk factors were analysed using "Chi-square" and "Odds Ratio". Results: The findings show a significant relationship between THC consumption and PSVs in the students or the professors (S/P) group (59.8%): first time THC consumption (83%), low self-esteem (66.7%), decrease/loss of executive function (55.6%), no family support (55.6%), and no family communication (72.2%). These groups presented a relationship between risk and consumption of THC, which induces to neuro-psychosocial disorders.Conclusion: THC consumption and PSVs are prevalent in the S/P group, thus inducing a neuro-cognitive disorder. Although consumption increases exponentially at an alarmingly early age and national regulations are poor, there exists an unpredictable multidimensional impact., more scientific research is needed with a serious focus, political will, and integrative intersectorial educational interventions. Also, there is little knowledge on the potential effects of Δ9-THC in university student and professor populations. The Δ9-THC cannabinoids may have therapeutic and adverse effects, which bears interest for public health.

espanolResumen Objetivo: Proponer directrices para el desarrollo de practicas academicas integradoras con base en la investigacion formativa y la responsabilidad social universitaria. Metodologia: Investigacion mixta con aplicacion de dos instrumentos de recoleccion de informacion: cuantitativo (encuesta) y cualitativo (grupo focal). Para el analisis de la informacion se utilizo la triangulacion metodologica. En el analisis cualitativo se utilizo el software Atlas-ti, Version 5.0 y en el cuantitativo, el Programa Estadistico para Ciencias Sociales (SPSS), version 22, 2012. Resultados y discusion: La formacion integral en los perfiles diversos de las practicas academicas en varios contextos (industrial, clinico, investigativo, comunitario y normativo) debe articularse con las experiencias de formacion de diversas universidades a escala nacional e internacional. Se evidencia la necesidad de desarrollar una cultura investigativa, integrando el desempeno en la docencia, la investigacion y las actividades de extension solidaria. Conclusion: Las practicas academicas deben fomentar en los estudiantes capacidades y habilidades comunicativas que conduzcan al desarrollo social. Es necesario reorientar las practicas hacia el logro de una mayor autonomia y flexibilidad en la investigacion formativa. Se requiere crear conciencia en la comunidad academica de la necesidad de debatir en torno a la definicion del objeto de estudio disciplinar y la responsabilidad social universitaria. EnglishAbstract Objective: To propose guidelines for the development of integrating academic practices based on formative research and university social responsibility. Methodology: Mixed research with application of two instruments of information collection: quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus group). Methodological triangulation was used to analyze the information. In the qualitative analysis we used the Atlas-ti software, Version 5.0 and in the quantitative one, the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22, 20l2. Results and discussion: The integral formation in the different profiles of the academic practices in several contexts (industrial, clinical, investigative, communitarian and normative) must articulate with the experiences of formation of diverse universities at a national and international scale. The need to develop a research culture is evident, integrating the performance in teaching, research, and solidarity extension activities. Conclusion: Academic practices should encourage students' communication skills and abilities that lead to social development. It is necessary to reorient the practices toward achieving greater autonomy and flexibility in formative research. It is necessary to create awareness in the academic community of the need to debate around the definition of the subject of disciplinary study and university social responsibility. Academic practices should encourage students' communication skills and abilities that lead to social development. It is necessary to reorient the practices toward achieving greater autonomy and flexibility in formative research. It is necessary to create awareness in the academic community of the need to debate around the definition of the subject of disciplinary study and university social responsibility portuguesResumo Objetivo: Propor diretrizes para o desenvolvimento de praticas academicas integrativas baseadas em pesquisa formativa e responsabilidade social universitaria. Metodologia: Pesquisa mista com a aplicacao de dois instrumentos de coleta de informacoes: quantitativa (pesquisa) e qualitativa (grupo focal). Para a analise das informacoes foi utilizada a triangulacao metodologica. Na analise qualitativa, utilizou-se o software Atlas-ti, versao 5.0 e, no quantitativo, o Programa Estatistico de Ciencias Sociais (SPSS), versao 22, 20l2. Resultados e discussao: Treinamento abrangente nos diversos perfis de praticas academicas em varios contextos (industrial, clinico, investigativo, comunitario e regulatorio) devem ser articulados com as experiencias de treinamento de varias universidades em nivel nacional e internacional. A necessidade de desenvolver uma cultura de pesquisa e evidente, integrando atividades de desempenho docente, pesquisa e extensao solidaria. Conclusao: As praticas academicas devem incentivar os alunos com habilidades de comunicacao e habilidades que levam ao desenvolvimento social. E necessario reorientar as praticas para alcancar maior autonomia e flexibilidade na pesquisa formativa. E necessario conscientizar a comunidade academica sobre a necessidade de discutir a definicao do objeto de estudo disciplinar e de responsabilidade social da universidade.

In this work results of a qualitive hermeneutic research about a cognitive and applied linguistic related to other sciences in an specific context of a given scientific community were presented, a technical and scientific language regarding science and technology was pointed out from an integral vision in order to facilitate cognitive relationship among different disciplines. This study also allows to create capacities in order to assess vocabulary in context, useful for the transmission and transformation of knowledge according to a scientific method. The objective was directed to know about the relationship between the lexical unit and its meaning in a given communicative context and in the academic communication of a medical – legal forensic practice. The importance of educate during the teaching learning process is also mentioned in this research and the main objective is to develop an assertive medical practice among Psychopharmacology, psychiatric, anthropology and psychology with biomedical and human sciences. RESUMEN: Se presentan los resultados de una investigación cualitativa hermenéutica sobre la lingüística cognitiva y la lingüística aplicada, relacionadas con otras ciencias en un contexto específico de la comunidad científica especializada. Desde una visión integral y holística de las ciencias biomédicas y humanas, asimismo, se estudian los lenguajes técnico-científicos de la ciencia y de la tecnología para facilitar la interrelación cognitiva entre las diferentes disciplinas. Este estudio permite crear capacidades para evaluar el acervo léxico en contexto, útil para la transmisión y la transformación del conocimiento en un lenguaje propio acorde a la exigencia del método científico. El objetivo consistió en indagar sobre la relación de la unidad léxica con su nexo cognitivo a una unidad terminológica de uso cotidiano en la información y en la comunicación académica de la práctica médico-legal forense. Los resultados establecen diferencia y precisan cierta comprensión de la significación de unidades léxicas ambiguas de mayor relevancia y frecuencia, utilizadas en este ámbito del conocimiento, en cuatro categorías de análisis; según las características propias de la disciplina en dialogo con otras ciencias en contexto. Se evidencia la importancia de educar durante el proceso enseñanzaaprendizaje significativo de la disciplina en contexto, desde la metalingüística del objeto de estudio dimensionado y relacionado con otros objetos de estudio, que permita el proceso cognitivo del lenguaje técnico-científico transdisciplinar, la apropiación social y la circulación del conocimiento aplicado a las prácticas médico legales integrales en relación entre la Psicofarmacología, la Psiquiatría, la Antropología y la Psicología, con las ciencias biomédicas y humanas.

RESUMEN: Se presenta un análisis cualitativo del acompañamiento psicosocial a jóvenes en condiciones de vulnerabilidad desde la ecología humana durante 12 meses entre 2010 a 2011; utilizando técnicas pedagógicas evaluativas participativas. Éstas, son una alternativa para crear espacios reflexivos con el propósito de potenciar la resiliencia en las relaciones comunicativas y formar en el respeto. Objetivo: Generar bienestar, prevenir la farmacodependencia y contribuir a la promoción de la salud. Material y Métodos: Se revisaron los antecedentes temáticos, fueron seleccionados 100 estudiantes entre 11 y 19 años de dos instituciones educativas públicas en condiciones vulnerables;se desarrollaron cuatro talleres reflexivos y cuatro prácticas lúdicas y se realizaron tres grupos focales con estudiantes, profesores y padres de familia. Resultados y Discusión: El contexto social de la población intervenida, revela problemas de abuso sexual, violencia intrafamiliar y eventos violentos en el vecindario por grupos armados ilegales, entre otros, que constituyen factores de riesgo importantes para la farmacodependencia. Conclusión: Se infiere que lo psicosocial incide en la farmacodependencia, afectando la convivencia de la población estudiada por múltiples causas del orden psicoafectivo, sociocultural, económico y político que van desde el consumo cultural hasta la seguridad alimentaria. ABSTARCT: A qualitative analysis of the psycho-social support to young people in situations of vulnerability from human ecology is presented for 12 months between 2010 to 2011; using participatory evaluative pedagogical techniques. These are an alternative to create reflective spaces with the purpose of enhancing resilience in communicative relationships and working in respect. Objective: to generate well-being, prevent drug abuse and contribute to the health promotion. Material aids and methods: the thematic background was reviewed, 100 students between 11 and 19 years of two public schools in vulnerable conditions were selected; four reflective workshops and four playful practices were developed and three focus groups with students, teachers and parents were conducted. Results and discussion: the social context of the manipulated population reveals sexual abuse problems, domestic violence and violent events in the neighborhood by illegal armed groups, among others, which constitute major risk factors for drug abuse. Conclusion: It can be inferred that the psychosocial factors impact on drug dependence, affecting the coexistence of the population studied by multiple causes of the psychological, socio-cultural, economical and political. COL0001398

Las políticas alimentarias han cobrado especial interés, a raíz de la crisis alimentaria mundial de 2008 y el impulso de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio; dando lugar a enfoques desde diversas orientaciones disciplinarias. Esta revisión temática tiene como objetivo describir los principales enfoques teóricos y metodológicos de políticas, elaborados desde las perspectivas de la seguridad alimentaria y soberanía alimentaria. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos para publicaciones académicas entre 2000 y 2013. De 2.699 publicaciones, se seleccionaron 320 artículos completos. Luego de su lectura para aplicar los criterios de inclusión, se conservaron 55 artículos para el análisis. Se concluye que, frente al predominio de la seguridad alimentaria como orientadora de políticas, emerge la respuesta crítica de la soberanía alimentaria, que debe ser incluida en el diseño y estudio de políticas alimentarias. Éstas son un asunto esencial para el logro de los objetivos de la salud pública. Por tanto, ella debe asumir un rol protagónico, orientador y articulador en dichas políticas. Food policies have attracted special interest due to the global food crisis in 2008 and promotion of the Millennium Development Goals, leading to approaches by different fields. This thematic review aims to describe the main theoretical and methodological approaches to food security and food sovereignty policies. A search was performed in databases of scientific journals from 2000 to 2013. 320 complete articles were selected from a total of 2,699. After reading the articles to apply the inclusion criteria, 55 items were maintained for analysis. In conclusion, with the predominance of food security as a guiding policy, food sovereignty has emerged as a critical response to be included in designing and researching food policies. Food policies are essential for achieving public health goals. Public health should thus take a leading role in linking and orienting such policies. As políticas alimentares têm alcançado especial interesse por causa da crise alimentar mundial de 2008 e do impulso dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio, dando origem a enfoques de diversas orientações disciplinares. Esta revisão temática tem como objetivo descrever os principais enfoques teóricos e metodológicos de políticas, sob a perspectiva da segurança alimentar e da soberania alimentar. Foi feita uma pesquisa em bases de dados científicas entre 2000 e 2013, num total de 2.699 publicações, das quais foram selecionados 320 artigos na íntegra. Atendidos os critérios de inclusão, foram escolhidos 55 artigos para análise. Ao final dessa análise, concluiu-se que, diante do predomínio da segurança alimentar como orientadora de políticas, surge a pergunta crítica pela soberania alimentar, que deve ser incluída na formulação das políticas alimentares e seu contínuo estudo. Trata-se de assunto essencial para alcançar os objetivos da saúde pública e, em consequência, assumir o papel protagonista, orientador e articulador em tais políticas.

Food policies have attracted special interest due to the global food crisis in 2008 and promotion of the Millennium Development Goals, leading to approaches by different fields. This thematic review aims to describe the main theoretical and methodological approaches to food security and food sovereignty policies. A search was performed in databases of scientific journals from 2000 to 2013. 320 complete articles were selected from a total of 2,699. After reading the articles to apply the inclusion criteria, 55 items were maintained for analysis. In conclusion, with the predominance of food security as a guiding policy, food sovereignty has emerged as a critical response to be included in designing and researching food policies. Food policies are essential for achieving public health goals. Public health should thus take a leading role in linking and orienting such policies.

Determining the frequency of pesticide use in agricultural, pig and poultry production to understand its influence on water resources in the village of Monterredondo in the municipality of San Pedro de Los Milagros (Antioquia) and diagnosing its quality Methods 100 % of the households in the village were surveyed regarding chemical use. Physicochemical and microbiological analysis of three water samples was carried out in the Universidad de Antioquia's Environmental Engineering laboratory using standardised methods. Results The Hato stream was contaminated by 1,600x103 NMP/100ml coliforms and 220x10 NMP/100ml E. coli. The Fray Juana stream had 1,600x103 NMP/100ml coliform contamination. Water sources were also contaminated by the use of pesticides such as Lorsban (chlorpyriphs), Burst (chlorpyriphs), Whip (chlorpyriphs), Neguvon (metriphonate) and Furadan (carbophuran) and insecticides like Ganabaño (cypermethryn) and disinfectants and Limpido (6 % sodium hypochlorite). Conclusion Agricultural, pig and poultry production in the village has been producing a negative impact on water resources due to its reduced availability and pollution. The water from the samples analysed here was not suitable for human consumption. RESUMEN: Determinar la frecuencia de uso de plaguicidas en la producción agropecuaria, porcícola y avícola, para comprender su influencia en el recurso hídrico en la vereda Monterredondo del municipio San Pedro de los Milagros (Antioquia) y establecer un diagnostico de su calidad. Métodos Se aplicó una encuesta domiciliaria al 100 % de las familias de la vereda, sobre el uso de productos químicos y se realizaron dos análisis, el fisicoquímico y el microbiológico a tres muestras de agua en el laboratorio de Ingeniería Ambiental de la Universidad de Antioquia bajo métodos estandarizados. Resultados La quebrada El Hato presenta una contaminación por Coliformes de 1 600x103 NMP/100ml y por E.coli de 220x10 NMP/100ml. La quebrada Fray Juana presenta un grado de contaminación de 1 600x103 NMP/100ml de Coliformes. Se encontró igualmente una contaminación de las fuentes hídricas por el uso de diversos plaguicidas como: Lorsban® (Clorpirifos), Ráfaga® (Clorpirifos), Látigo® (Clorpirifos), Neguvón® (Metrifonato), Furadán® (Carbofurán). Con insecticidas como, Ganabaño® (Cibermetrina) y desinfectantes como, Límpido® (Hipoclorito de sodio 6 %). Conclusión La producción agropecuaria, porcícola y avícola en la vereda, está generando impactos negativos en el recurso hídrico, por la disminución y la contaminación de éste. Las aguas de las muestras analizadas, no son aptas para el consumo de seres vivos.

This article presents the findings and analysis of the main qualitative and quantitative research performed on the IPS Policlinic Center in the city of Medellin named “Citizen control on the emergency services provided by the IPS Policlinic Center S.A., Medellín”. IT also present reflections on key issues based on fundamental aspects for the execution of current regulations of services provided during emergencies, improving the quality of life of the users of this IPS. The state of the art on designing and making the strategic planning for the emergency health services portfolio was presented. The methodological tools for collecting information were centered on inspection processes of the facilities, surveys, interviews with users and employees, and the non-participant observation of students in research training. The results obtained indicate aspects to be improved such as factors of quality, aspects related to human fundamental rights to life and health consistent with the needs and conditions of users and in accordance with the standards set in this context with the need to train students on a participative culture education, beginning with the undergraduate and the citizens in general. RESUMEN: Se exponen los resultados y análisis principales de la investigación cuali-cuantitativa "Control ciudadano a la prestación del servicio de urgencias en la IPS Centro Policlínico S. A. de la ciudad de Medellin, y las reflexiones surgidas en aspectos fundamentales para el cumplimiento de la normatividad vigente para el servicio de atención en urgencias y contribuir a mejorar la calidad del mismo y la calidad de vida de los usuarios de esta IPS. Se conoce el estado del arte para emprender el diseño y el desarrollo de estrategias sistémicas para un portafolio de servicios en urgencias. El instrumento metodológico de recolección de la información consistió en procesos de inspección, encuestas, entrevistas a usuarios y empleados, además de la observación no participante con estudiantes en formación investigativa. Los resultados obtenidos señalan aspectos susceptibles de mejorar como factor de calidad y de respeto a los derechos fundamentales de la vida y de la salud, consecuentemente con las necesidades y condiciones del usuario y en conformidad con las normas establecidas en el contexto de la necesidad de formar en cultura participativa a los estudiantes desde el nivel de pregrado y a los ciudadanos en general.