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1. Radical anions of 1,1-azoliumdithiocarboxylates.

Author

Luff, M. S., Oppel, K., Krummenacher, I., Braunschweig, H., and Radius, U.

Subjects
*RADICAL anions, *MAGNESIUM ions, *POTASSIUM ions, *COMPLEX ions, *MAGNESIUM compounds
Abstract

The 1,1-azoliumdithiocarboxylate cAACMe-CS2 (1a) was prepared and its redox chemistry was evaluated and compared to NHC based dithiocarboxylates IDipp-CS2 (1b) and IMes-CS2 (1c). Radical anions [carbene-CS2]˙− were prepared by metallic reduction as the potassium or magnesium ion complexes [K(18-crown-6)(cAACMe-CS2)] (2a), [K(18-crown-6)(NHC-CS2)] (NHC = IDipp: 2b, IMes: 2c), and [Mg(DippNacNac)(cAACMe-CS2)] (3) and extensively characterized (SC-XRD, EPR, UV/VIS/NIR, DFT). These complexes represent the first examples of isolated radical anions of 1,1-dithiolenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Entrepreneurial Finance and HRM practices in Small Firms

Author

Di Pietro, F, Monaghan, S, O’Hagan-Luff, M, Di Pietro F, Monaghan S, O’Hagan-Luff M, Di Pietro, F, Monaghan, S, O’Hagan-Luff, M, Di Pietro F, Monaghan S, and O’Hagan-Luff M

Abstract

As new ventures grow, they face significant challenges to their internal operations and organizational structure. These challenges are particularly evident in small, entrepreneurial firms, who have limited resources, under-developed capabilities and often seek funding from external investors to enable growth. We draw on institutional theory, particularly institutional logics, to explore the role of different investors on human resource management (HRM) in small, entrepreneurial firms. Using qualitative multiple-case study analysis of seven firms within the Irish agrifood industry, our study shows how external investors can prompt changes to HRM, illustrating three approaches to HRM practice: operational – aimed at improving efficiency and internal functioning through human resources; strategic – aimed at improving firm performance and competitive advantage; and transformational – leading to a fundamental redirection of the firm. These findings facilitate the development of a framework for how investor logic prompts changes to HRM practices of small, entrepreneurial firms. By examining the interaction of institutional logics, this paper contributes a more nuanced understanding of entrepreneurial finance and its implications on HRM practices in small, entrepreneurial firms.

Published
2022

12. Genetic analyses identify widespread sex-differential participation bias

Author

Pirastu N., Cordioli M., Nandakumar P., Mignogna G., Abdellaoui A., Hollis B., Kanai M., Rajagopal V. M., Parolo P. D. B., Baya N., Carey C. E., Karjalainen J., Als T. D., Van der Zee M. D., Day F. R., Ong K. K., Agee M., Aslibekyan S., Bell R. K., Bryc K., Clark S. K., Elson S. L., Fletez-Brant K., Fontanillas P., Furlotte N. A., Gandhi P. M., Heilbron K., Hicks B., Huber K. E., Jewett E. M., Jiang Y., Kleinman A., Lin K. -H., Litterman N. K., Luff M. K., McIntyre M. H., McManus K. F., Mountain J. L., Mozaffari S. V., Noblin E. S., Northover C. A. M., O'Connell J., Petrakovitz A. A., Pitts S. J., Poznik G. D., Sathirapongsasuti J. F., Shelton J. F., Shringarpure S., Tian C., Tung J. Y., Tunney R. J., Vacic V., Wang X., Zare A., Mortensen P. B., Mors O., Werge T., Nordentoft M., Hougaard D. M., Bybjerg-Grauholm J., Baekvad-Hansen M., Morisaki T., de Geus E., Bellocco R., Okada Y., Borglum A. D., Joshi P., Auton A., Hinds D., Neale B. M., Walters R. K., Nivard M. G., Perry J. R. B., Ganna A., Pirastu, N, Cordioli, M, Nandakumar, P, Mignogna, G, Abdellaoui, A, Hollis, B, Kanai, M, Rajagopal, V, Parolo, P, Baya, N, Carey, C, Karjalainen, J, Als, T, Van der Zee, M, Day, F, Ong, K, Agee, M, Aslibekyan, S, Bell, R, Bryc, K, Clark, S, Elson, S, Fletez-Brant, K, Fontanillas, P, Furlotte, N, Gandhi, P, Heilbron, K, Hicks, B, Huber, K, Jewett, E, Jiang, Y, Kleinman, A, Lin, K, Litterman, N, Luff, M, Mcintyre, M, Mcmanus, K, Mountain, J, Mozaffari, S, Noblin, E, Northover, C, O'Connell, J, Petrakovitz, A, Pitts, S, Poznik, G, Sathirapongsasuti, J, Shelton, J, Shringarpure, S, Tian, C, Tung, J, Tunney, R, Vacic, V, Wang, X, Zare, A, Mortensen, P, Mors, O, Werge, T, Nordentoft, M, Hougaard, D, Bybjerg-Grauholm, J, Baekvad-Hansen, M, Morisaki, T, de Geus, E, Bellocco, R, Okada, Y, Borglum, A, Joshi, P, Auton, A, Hinds, D, Neale, B, Walters, R, Nivard, M, Perry, J, Ganna, A, Biological Psychology, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Mental Health, and Adult Psychiatry

Subjects
Adult, Inheritance Pattern, Male, Sex Characteristics, Inheritance Patterns, Sex Characteristic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, United Kingdom, Bias, Genetic Loci, Sample Size, Bia, Artifact, Biological Specimen Bank, Humans, Chromosomes, Human, Female, Artifacts, Biological Specimen Banks, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human
Abstract

Genetic association results are often interpreted with the assumption that study participation does not affect downstream analyses. Understanding the genetic basis of participation bias is challenging since it requires the genotypes of unseen individuals. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to estimate comparative biases by performing a genome-wide association study contrasting one subgroup versus another. For example, we showed that sex exhibits artifactual autosomal heritability in the presence of sex-differential participation bias. By performing a genome-wide association study of sex in approximately 3.3 million males and females, we identified over 158 autosomal loci spuriously associated with sex and highlighted complex traits underpinning differences in study participation between the sexes. For example, the body mass index-increasing allele at FTO was observed at higher frequency in males compared to females (odds ratio = 1.02, P = 4.4 × 10-36). Finally, we demonstrated how these biases can potentially lead to incorrect inferences in downstream analyses and propose a conceptual framework for addressing such biases. Our findings highlight a new challenge that genetic studies may face as sample sizes continue to grow.

Published
2021
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16. Genetic analyses identify widespread sex-differential participation bias

Author

Pirastu, N, Cordioli, M, Nandakumar, P, Mignogna, G, Abdellaoui, A, Hollis, B, Kanai, M, Rajagopal, V, Parolo, P, Baya, N, Carey, C, Karjalainen, J, Als, T, Van der Zee, M, Day, F, Ong, K, Agee, M, Aslibekyan, S, Bell, R, Bryc, K, Clark, S, Elson, S, Fletez-Brant, K, Fontanillas, P, Furlotte, N, Gandhi, P, Heilbron, K, Hicks, B, Huber, K, Jewett, E, Jiang, Y, Kleinman, A, Lin, K, Litterman, N, Luff, M, Mcintyre, M, Mcmanus, K, Mountain, J, Mozaffari, S, Noblin, E, Northover, C, O'Connell, J, Petrakovitz, A, Pitts, S, Poznik, G, Sathirapongsasuti, J, Shelton, J, Shringarpure, S, Tian, C, Tung, J, Tunney, R, Vacic, V, Wang, X, Zare, A, Mortensen, P, Mors, O, Werge, T, Nordentoft, M, Hougaard, D, Bybjerg-Grauholm, J, Baekvad-Hansen, M, Morisaki, T, de Geus, E, Bellocco, R, Okada, Y, Borglum, A, Joshi, P, Auton, A, Hinds, D, Neale, B, Walters, R, Nivard, M, Perry, J, Ganna, A, Pirastu N., Cordioli M., Nandakumar P., Mignogna G., Abdellaoui A., Hollis B., Kanai M., Rajagopal V. M., Parolo P. D. B., Baya N., Carey C. E., Karjalainen J., Als T. D., Van der Zee M. D., Day F. R., Ong K. K., Agee M., Aslibekyan S., Bell R. K., Bryc K., Clark S. K., Elson S. L., Fletez-Brant K., Fontanillas P., Furlotte N. A., Gandhi P. M., Heilbron K., Hicks B., Huber K. E., Jewett E. M., Jiang Y., Kleinman A., Lin K. -H., Litterman N. K., Luff M. K., McIntyre M. H., McManus K. F., Mountain J. L., Mozaffari S. V., Noblin E. S., Northover C. A. M., O'Connell J., Petrakovitz A. A., Pitts S. J., Poznik G. D., Sathirapongsasuti J. F., Shelton J. F., Shringarpure S., Tian C., Tung J. Y., Tunney R. J., Vacic V., Wang X., Zare A., Mortensen P. B., Mors O., Werge T., Nordentoft M., Hougaard D. M., Bybjerg-Grauholm J., Baekvad-Hansen M., Morisaki T., de Geus E., Bellocco R., Okada Y., Borglum A. D., Joshi P., Auton A., Hinds D., Neale B. M., Walters R. K., Nivard M. G., Perry J. R. B., Ganna A., Pirastu, N, Cordioli, M, Nandakumar, P, Mignogna, G, Abdellaoui, A, Hollis, B, Kanai, M, Rajagopal, V, Parolo, P, Baya, N, Carey, C, Karjalainen, J, Als, T, Van der Zee, M, Day, F, Ong, K, Agee, M, Aslibekyan, S, Bell, R, Bryc, K, Clark, S, Elson, S, Fletez-Brant, K, Fontanillas, P, Furlotte, N, Gandhi, P, Heilbron, K, Hicks, B, Huber, K, Jewett, E, Jiang, Y, Kleinman, A, Lin, K, Litterman, N, Luff, M, Mcintyre, M, Mcmanus, K, Mountain, J, Mozaffari, S, Noblin, E, Northover, C, O'Connell, J, Petrakovitz, A, Pitts, S, Poznik, G, Sathirapongsasuti, J, Shelton, J, Shringarpure, S, Tian, C, Tung, J, Tunney, R, Vacic, V, Wang, X, Zare, A, Mortensen, P, Mors, O, Werge, T, Nordentoft, M, Hougaard, D, Bybjerg-Grauholm, J, Baekvad-Hansen, M, Morisaki, T, de Geus, E, Bellocco, R, Okada, Y, Borglum, A, Joshi, P, Auton, A, Hinds, D, Neale, B, Walters, R, Nivard, M, Perry, J, Ganna, A, Pirastu N., Cordioli M., Nandakumar P., Mignogna G., Abdellaoui A., Hollis B., Kanai M., Rajagopal V. M., Parolo P. D. B., Baya N., Carey C. E., Karjalainen J., Als T. D., Van der Zee M. D., Day F. R., Ong K. K., Agee M., Aslibekyan S., Bell R. K., Bryc K., Clark S. K., Elson S. L., Fletez-Brant K., Fontanillas P., Furlotte N. A., Gandhi P. M., Heilbron K., Hicks B., Huber K. E., Jewett E. M., Jiang Y., Kleinman A., Lin K. -H., Litterman N. K., Luff M. K., McIntyre M. H., McManus K. F., Mountain J. L., Mozaffari S. V., Noblin E. S., Northover C. A. M., O'Connell J., Petrakovitz A. A., Pitts S. J., Poznik G. D., Sathirapongsasuti J. F., Shelton J. F., Shringarpure S., Tian C., Tung J. Y., Tunney R. J., Vacic V., Wang X., Zare A., Mortensen P. B., Mors O., Werge T., Nordentoft M., Hougaard D. M., Bybjerg-Grauholm J., Baekvad-Hansen M., Morisaki T., de Geus E., Bellocco R., Okada Y., Borglum A. D., Joshi P., Auton A., Hinds D., Neale B. M., Walters R. K., Nivard M. G., Perry J. R. B., and Ganna A.

Abstract

Genetic association results are often interpreted with the assumption that study participation does not affect downstream analyses. Understanding the genetic basis of participation bias is challenging since it requires the genotypes of unseen individuals. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to estimate comparative biases by performing a genome-wide association study contrasting one subgroup versus another. For example, we showed that sex exhibits artifactual autosomal heritability in the presence of sex-differential participation bias. By performing a genome-wide association study of sex in approximately 3.3 million males and females, we identified over 158 autosomal loci spuriously associated with sex and highlighted complex traits underpinning differences in study participation between the sexes. For example, the body mass index–increasing allele at FTO was observed at higher frequency in males compared to females (odds ratio = 1.02, P = 4.4 × 10−36). Finally, we demonstrated how these biases can potentially lead to incorrect inferences in downstream analyses and propose a conceptual framework for addressing such biases. Our findings highlight a new challenge that genetic studies may face as sample sizes continue to grow.

Published
2021

17. FUT6 deficiency compromises basophil function by selectively abrogating their sialyl-Lewis x expression

Author

Puan, K., San Luis, B., Yusof, N., Kumar, D., Andiappan, A., Lee, W., Cajic, S., Vuckovic, D., Chan, J., Döllner, T., Hou, H., Jiang, Y., Tian, C., Agee, M., Aslibekyan, S., Auton, A., Babalola, E., Bell, R., Bielenberg, J., Bryc, K., Bullis, E., Cameron, B., Coker, D., Partida, G., Dhamija, D., Das, S., Elson, S., Filshtein, T., Fletez-Brant, K., Fontanillas, P., Freyman, W., Gandhi, P., Heilbron, K., Hicks, B., Hinds, D., Huber, K., Jewett, E., Kleinman, A., Kukar, K., Lane, V., Lin, K., Lowe, M., Luff, M., McCreight, J., McIntyre, M., McManus, K., Micheletti, S., Moreno, M., Mountain, J., Mozaffari, S., Nandakumar, P., Noblin, E., O’Connell, J., Petrakovitz, A., Poznik, G., Schumacher, M., Shastri, A., Shelton, J., Shi, J., Shringarpure, S., Tran, V., Tung, J., Wang, X., Wang, W., Weldon, C., Wilton, P., Rapp, E., Poidinger, M., Wang, D., Soranzo, N., Lee, B., Rötzschke, O., Puan, Kia Joo [0000-0003-2445-3154], Kumar, Dilip [0000-0002-1848-3034], Andiappan, Anand Kumar [0000-0002-8442-1544], Cajic, Samanta [0000-0001-5820-0732], Chan, Jing De [0000-0002-2249-5273], Hou, Han Wei [0000-0001-6631-6321], Rapp, Erdmann [0000-0001-6618-2626], Poidinger, Michael [0000-0002-1047-2277], Soranzo, Nicole [0000-0003-1095-3852], Rötzschke, Olaf [0000-0001-8336-5248], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), and School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Fucosyltransferase, Allergy, QH301-705.5, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), T-Cells, Genetic predisposition to disease, Gene Expression, Basophil, Immunoglobulin E, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Leukocyte Count, 0302 clinical medicine, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, medicine, Humans, Medicine [Science], Leukocyte Rolling, Biology (General), education, Sialyl Lewis X Antigen, Cells, Cultured, education.field_of_study, biology, Base Sequence, Gene Expression Profiling, Mast-Cells, Eosinophil, Mast cell, Fucosyltransferases, Molecular biology, Null allele, Basophils, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sialyl-Lewis X, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Mechanical engineering [Engineering], General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, E-Selectin
Abstract

Sialyl-Lewis x (sLex, CD15s) is a tetra-saccharide on the surface of leukocytes required for E-selectin-mediated rolling, a prerequisite for leukocytes to migrate out of the blood vessels. Here we show using flow cytometry that sLex expression on basophils and mast cell progenitors depends on fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6). Using genetic association data analysis and qPCR, the cell type-specific defect was associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FUT6 gene region (tagged by rs17855739 and rs778798), affecting coding sequence and/or expression level of the mRNA. Heterozygous individuals with one functional FUT6 gene harbor a mixed population of sLex+ and sLex- basophils, a phenomenon caused by random monoallelic expression (RME). Microfluidic assay demonstrated FUT6-deficient basophils rolling on E-selectin is severely impaired. FUT6 null alleles carriers exhibit elevated blood basophil counts and a reduced itch sensitivity against insect bites. FUT6-deficiency thus dampens the basophil-mediated allergic response in the periphery, evident also in lower IgE titers and reduced eosinophil counts., Puan and San Luis et al. find that FUT6, encoding a fucosyltransferase, is required for the “rolling” behavior of certain white blood cells that enables them to move from blood vessels to tissues. They show that FUT6 deficiency leads to a loss of the tetrasaccharide sLex on the surface of basophils, resulting in cells that are less sticky and therefore less able to form the necessary adhesions for exiting the blood vessel to drive the allergic reaction.

Published
2021

25. A genome-wide association study with 1,126,563 individuals identifies new risk loci for Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Wightman, D. P., Jansen, I. E., Savage, J. E., Shadrin, A. A., Bahrami, S., Holland, D., Rongve, A., Børte, S., Winsvold, B. S., Drange, O. K., Martinsen, A. E., Skogholt, A. H., Willer, C., Bråthen, G., Bosnes, I., Nielsen, J. B., Fritsche, L. G., Thomas, L. F., Pedersen, L. M., Gabrielsen, M. E., Johnsen, M. B., Meisingset, T. W., Zhou, W., Proitsi, P., Hodges, A., Dobson, R., Velayudhan, L., Agee, M., Aslibekyan, S., Babalola, E., Bell, R. K., Bielenberg, J., Bryc, K., Bullis, E., Cameron, B., Coker, D., Partida, G. C., Dhamija, D., Das, S., Elson, S. L., Filshtein, T., Fletez-Brant, K., Fontanillas, P., Freyman, W., Gandhi, P. M., Hicks, B., Hinds, D. A., Huber, K. E., Jewett, E. M., Jiang, Y., Kleinman, A., Kukar, K., Lane, V., Lin, K. -H, Lowe, M., Luff, M. K., McCreight, J. C., McIntyre, M. H., McManus, K. F., Micheletti, S. J., Moreno, M. E., Mountain, J. L., Mozaffari, S. V., Nandakumar, P., Noblin, E. S., O’Connell, J., Petrakovitz, A. A., Poznik, G. D., Schumacher, M., Shastri, A. J., Shelton, J. F., Shi, J., Shringarpure, S., Tian, C., Tran, V., Tung, J. Y., Wang, X., Wang, W., Weldon, C. H., Wilton, P., Sealock, J. M., Davis, L. K., Pedersen, N. L., Reynolds, C. A., Karlsson, Ida K., Magnusson, S., Stefansson, H., Thordardottir, S., Jonsson, P. V., Snaedal, J., Zettergren, A., Skoog, I., Kern, S., Waern, M., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., Stordal, E., Hveem, K., Zwart, J. -A, Athanasiu, L., Selnes, P., Saltvedt, I., Sando, S. B., Ulstein, I., Djurovic, S., Fladby, T., Aarsland, D., Selbæk, G., Ripke, S., Stefansson, K., Andreassen, O. A., Posthuma, D., Team, 23andMe Research, Wightman, D. P., Jansen, I. E., Savage, J. E., Shadrin, A. A., Bahrami, S., Holland, D., Rongve, A., Børte, S., Winsvold, B. S., Drange, O. K., Martinsen, A. E., Skogholt, A. H., Willer, C., Bråthen, G., Bosnes, I., Nielsen, J. B., Fritsche, L. G., Thomas, L. F., Pedersen, L. M., Gabrielsen, M. E., Johnsen, M. B., Meisingset, T. W., Zhou, W., Proitsi, P., Hodges, A., Dobson, R., Velayudhan, L., Agee, M., Aslibekyan, S., Babalola, E., Bell, R. K., Bielenberg, J., Bryc, K., Bullis, E., Cameron, B., Coker, D., Partida, G. C., Dhamija, D., Das, S., Elson, S. L., Filshtein, T., Fletez-Brant, K., Fontanillas, P., Freyman, W., Gandhi, P. M., Hicks, B., Hinds, D. A., Huber, K. E., Jewett, E. M., Jiang, Y., Kleinman, A., Kukar, K., Lane, V., Lin, K. -H, Lowe, M., Luff, M. K., McCreight, J. C., McIntyre, M. H., McManus, K. F., Micheletti, S. J., Moreno, M. E., Mountain, J. L., Mozaffari, S. V., Nandakumar, P., Noblin, E. S., O’Connell, J., Petrakovitz, A. A., Poznik, G. D., Schumacher, M., Shastri, A. J., Shelton, J. F., Shi, J., Shringarpure, S., Tian, C., Tran, V., Tung, J. Y., Wang, X., Wang, W., Weldon, C. H., Wilton, P., Sealock, J. M., Davis, L. K., Pedersen, N. L., Reynolds, C. A., Karlsson, Ida K., Magnusson, S., Stefansson, H., Thordardottir, S., Jonsson, P. V., Snaedal, J., Zettergren, A., Skoog, I., Kern, S., Waern, M., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., Stordal, E., Hveem, K., Zwart, J. -A, Athanasiu, L., Selnes, P., Saltvedt, I., Sando, S. B., Ulstein, I., Djurovic, S., Fladby, T., Aarsland, D., Selbæk, G., Ripke, S., Stefansson, K., Andreassen, O. A., Posthuma, D., and Team, 23andMe Research

Abstract

Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent age-related polygenic disease that accounts for 50–70% of dementia cases. Currently, only a fraction of the genetic variants underlying Alzheimer’s disease have been identified. Here we show that increased sample sizes allowed identification of seven previously unidentified genetic loci contributing to Alzheimer’s disease. This study highlights microglia, immune cells and protein catabolism as relevant to late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, while identifying and prioritizing previously unidentified genes of potential interest. We anticipate that these results can be included in larger meta-analyses of Alzheimer’s disease to identify further genetic variants that contribute to Alzheimer’s pathology.

Published
2021
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36. The effect of footrot on body weight and wool growth of sheep

Author

Marshall, D. J, Walker, R. I, Cullis, Brian R, Luff, M. F, Marshall, D. J, Walker, R. I, Cullis, Brian R, and Luff, M. F

Abstract

Body weight and traits associated with production of wool were measured over a 2-year period between 1985 and 1987 in south-western New South Wales in a flock of Merino wethers experimentally infected with footrot. The disease was allowed to spread freely amongst 150 of the flock but kept at very low prevalence in the remaining 50 by preventive footbathing during transmission periods. Severe, underrunning footrot had a significant adverse effect on body weight, for each year of the trial. Body weight was most severely reduced at times of the year when footrot was spreading among animals and lesions were severe. The mean body weight of the infected group at the end of the 2 years of observation was 7.3 kg (11.6%) below that of the control group. Footrot also depressed wool growth, with the mean clean fleece weight of the infected group being 0.4 kg (8%) lighter than that of the controls at each of the 2 annual shearings. There were no consistent differences between the groups for the other wool characteristics measured.

Published
1991

39. Aspects of Damage by Strawberry Ground Beetle (Pterostichus madidus (F.)).

Author

LUFF, M. L.

Subjects
*PTEROSTICHUS, *STRAWBERRY diseases & pests, *BEETLES, *PLANT diseases, *BOTANY
Abstract

Damage to strawberries by strawberry ground beetle (Pterostichus madidus (F.)) was studied by laboratory experiments and observations in a walled garden in south Northumberland during 1969 and 1970. Beetles preferred ripe to unripe fruit, eating holes mainly at the widest part of the fruit. A beetle density of 4.2 per m² throughout the fruiting season resulted in a peak of 13 per cent of the fruit being damaged, with up to four holes per fruit. Both starvation and desiccation increased the beetles' capacity for strawberry feeding, although hunger had more effect than thirst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1974
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44. The biology of Adelognathus granulatus Perkins (Hym., Ichneumonidae) a parasitoid of the small gooseberry sawfly, Pristiphora pallipes (Lep.) (Hym., Tenthredinidae).

Author

Rahoo, G. M. and Luff, M. L.

Subjects
ICHNEUMONIDAE, PARASITOIDS, PRISTIPHORA, TENTHREDINIDAE, OVIPARITY, INSECT larvae, INSECT host plants
Abstract

Laboratory studies were carried out on oviposition, host feeding, and larval development of Adelognathus granulatus, an ectoparasitoid on larvae of Pristiphora pallipes. Female parasitoids laid a mean of nearly 20 eggs each, but paralysed and fed on many more larvae. Both 3rd and 4th instar hosts were attacked, but almost all eggs were laid on 4th instars. Up to 4 eggs were laid per host larva. Parasitoid larval development was very rapid, (less than 1 week) followed by pupation away from the dead host. The pupal period was about 2 weeks, with no obligatory diapause. Zusammenfassung Zur Biologie von Adelognathus granulatus Perkins (Hym. Ichneumonidae) ein Parasitoid der kleinen Stachelbeerblattwespe, Pristiphora pallipes (Lep.) (Hym. Tenthredinidae) Adelognathus granulatus, ein Ektoparasitoid der Larven der Stachelbeerblattwespe Pristiphora pallipes, wurde im Labor hinsichtlich der Eiablage, seiner Ernährung von den Wirtslarven sowie der Larvenentwicklung untersucht. Die Weibchen legten i. M. je 20 Eier, jedoch lähmten und fraßen sie weitaus mehr Wirtslarven als sie für die Eiablage benötigten. Es wurden sowohl L 3 als auch L 4 P. pallipes-Larven angegriffen, aber fast alle Eier wurden an L 4-Larven abgelegt. Die Entwicklungszeit der Parasitoidlarven war sehr kurz (weniger als 1 Woche), die Verpuppung, die außerhalb der toten Wirtslarve erfolgte, dauerte ca. 2 Wochen, ohne eine obligatorische Diapause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987
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47. Book reviews

Author

Gabriel, Tom, primary, Parker, G., additional, Ratendram, G. F., additional, and Luff, M. L, additional

Published
1989
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