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1,716 results on '"Ludwig, F. A."'

1. Electric field control of superconductivity and quantized anomalous Hall effects in rhombohedral tetralayer graphene

Author

Choi, Youngjoon, Choi, Ysun, Valentini, Marco, Patterson, Caitlin L., Holleis, Ludwig F. W., Sheekey, Owen I., Stoyanov, Hari, Cheng, Xiang, Taniguchi, Takashi, Watanabe, Kenji, and Young, Andrea F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Inducing superconducting correlations in chiral edge states is predicted to generate topologically protected zero energy modes with exotic quantum statistics. Experimental efforts to date have focused on engineering interfaces between superconducting materials, typically amorphous metals, and semiconducting quantum Hall or quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) systems. However, the strong interfacial disorder inherent can prevent the formation of isolated topological modes. An appealing alternative is to use low-density flat band materials where the ground state can be tuned between intrinsic superconducting and quantum anomalous Hall states using only the electric field effect. However, quantized transport and superconductivity have not been simultaneously achieved. Here, we show that rhombohedral tetralayer graphene aligned to a hexagonal boron nitride substrate hosts a quantized anomalous Hall state at superlattice filling $\nu = -1$ as well as a superconducting state at $\nu \approx -3.1$ at zero magnetic field. Remarkably, gate voltage can also be used to actuate nonvolatile switching of the chirality in the quantum anomalous Hall state, allowing arbitrarily reconfigurable networks of topological edge modes in locally gated devices. Thermodynamic compressibility measurements further reveal a topologically ordered fractional Chern insulator at $\nu = 2/3$, also stable at zero magnetic field, enabling proximity coupling between superconductivity and fractionally charged edge modes. Finally, we show that integrating an additional transition metal dichalcogenide layer to the heterostructure enhances the maximum superconducting critical temperature and nucleates new superconducting pockets, while leaving the topology of $\nu = -1$ the quantum anomalous Hall state intact. Our results pave the way for hybrid interfaces between superconductors and topological edge states in the low-disorder limit.

Published
2024

2. Superconductivity and spin canting in spin-orbit proximitized rhombohedral trilayer graphene

Author

Patterson, Caitlin L., Sheekey, Owen I., Arp, Trevor B., Holleis, Ludwig F. W., Koh, Jin Ming, Choi, Youngjoon, Xie, Tian, Xu, Siyuan, Redekop, Evgeny, Babikyan, Grigory, Zhou, Haoxin, Cheng, Xiang, Taniguchi, Takashi, Watanabe, Kenji, Jin, Chenhao, Lantagne-Hurtubise, Etienne, Alicea, Jason, and Young, Andrea F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide flat-band systems show similar phase diagrams, replete with magnetic and superconducting phases. An abiding question has been whether magnetic ordering competes with superconductivity or facilitates pairing. The advent of crystalline graphene superconductors enables a new generation of controlled experiments to probe the microscopic origin of superconductivity. For example, recent studies of Bernal bilayer graphene show a dramatic increase in the observed domain and critical temperature $T_c$ of superconducting states in the presence of enhanced spin-orbit coupling; the mechanism for this enhancement, however, remains unclear. Here, we show that introducing spin-orbit coupling in rhombohedral trilayer graphene (RTG) via substrate proximity effect generates new superconducting pockets for both electron and hole doping, with maximal $T_c\approx$ 300mK three times larger than in RTG encapsulated by hexagonal boron nitride alone. Using local magnetometry and thermodynamic compressibility measurements, we show that superconductivity straddles an apparently continuous transition between a spin-canted state with a finite in-plane magnetic moment and a state with complete spin-valley locking. This transition is reproduced in our Hartree-Fock calculations, where it is driven by the competition between spin-orbit coupling and the carrier-density-tuned Hund's interaction. Our experiment suggests that the enhancement of superconductivity by spin-orbit coupling is driven not by a change in the ground state symmetry or degeneracy but rather by a quantitative change in the canting angle. These results align with a recently proposed mechanism for the enhancement of superconductivity in spin-orbit coupled rhombohedral multilayers, in which fluctuations in the spin-canting order contribute to the pairing interaction.

Published
2024

3. Optical Imaging of Flavor Order in Flat Band Graphene

Author

Xie, Tian, Wolf, Tobias M., Xu, Siyuan, Cui, Zhiyuan, Xiong, Richen, Ou, Yunbo, Hays, Patrick, Holleis, Ludwig F, Guo, Yi, Sheekey, Owen I, Patterson, Caitlin, Arp, Trevor, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Tongay, Seth Ariel, Young, Andrea F, MacDonald, Allan H., and Jin, Chenhao

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Spin and valley flavor polarization plays a central role in the many-body physics of flat band graphene, with fermi surface reconstructions often accompanied by quantized anomalous Hall and superconducting state observed in a variety of experimental systems. Here we describe an optical technique that sensitively and selectively detects flavor textures via the exciton response of a proximal transition metal dichalcogenide layer. Through a systematic study of rhombohedral and rotationally faulted graphene bilayers and trilayers, we show that when the semiconducting dichalcogenide is in direct contact with the graphene, the exciton response is most sensitive to the large momentum rearrangement of the Fermi surface, providing information that is distinct from and complementary to electrical compressibility measurements. The wide-field imaging capability of optical probes allows us to obtain spatial maps of flavor orders with high throughput, and with broad temperature and device compatibility. Our work paves the way for optical probing and imaging of flavor orders in flat band graphene systems., Comment: 29 pages, 4 figures, with supplementary materials

Published
2024

4. Measurement of the $^{2}$H($p,\gamma$)$^{3}$He S-factor at 265-1094keV

Author

Turkat, S., Hammer, S., Masha, E., Akhmadaliev, S., Bemmerer, D., Grieger, M., Hensel, T., Julin, J., Koppitz, M., Ludwig, F., Möckel, C., Reinicke, S., Schwengner, R., Stöckel, K., Szücs, T., Wagner, L., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Recent astronomical data have provided the primordial deuterium abundance with percent precision. As a result, Big Bang nucleosynthesis may provide a constraint on the universal baryon to photon ratio that is as precise as, but independent from, analyses of the cosmic microwave background. However, such a constraint requires that the nuclear reaction rates governing the production and destruction of primordial deuterium are sufficiently well known. Here, a new measurement of the $^2$H($p,\gamma$)$^3$He cross section is reported. This nuclear reaction dominates the error on the predicted Big Bang deuterium abundance. A proton beam of 400-1650keV beam energy was incident on solid titanium deuteride targets, and the emitted $\gamma$-rays were detected in two high-purity germanium detectors at angles of 55$^\circ$ and 90$^\circ$, respectively. The deuterium content of the targets has been obtained in situ by the $^2$H($^3$He,$p$)$^4$He reaction and offline using the Elastic Recoil Detection method. The astrophysical S-factor has been determined at center of mass energies between 265 and 1094 keV, addressing the uppermost part of the relevant energy range for Big Bang nucleosynthesis and complementary to ongoing work at lower energies. The new data support a higher S-factor at Big Bang temperatures than previously assumed, reducing the predicted deuterium abundance., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; to be published in Phys. Rev. C

Published
2021
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6. Background in $\gamma$-ray detectors and carbon beam tests in the Felsenkeller shallow-underground accelerator laboratory

Author

Szücs, T., Bemmerer, D., Degering, D., Domula, A., Grieger, M., Ludwig, F., Schmidt, K., Steckling, J., Turkat, S., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The relevant interaction energies for astrophysical radiative capture reactions are very low, much below the repulsive Coulomb barrier. This leads to low cross sections, low counting rates in $\gamma$-ray detectors, and therefore the need to perform such experiments at ion accelerators placed in underground settings, shielded from cosmic rays. Here, the feasibility of such experiments in the new shallow-underground accelerator laboratory in tunnels VIII and IX of the Felsenkeller site in Dresden, Germany, is evaluated. To this end, the no-beam background in three different types of germanium detectors, i.e. a Euroball/Miniball triple cluster and two large monolithic detectors, is measured over periods of 26-66 days. The cosmic-ray induced background is found to be reduced by a factor of 500-2400, by the combined effects of, first, the 140 meters water equivalent overburden attenuating the cosmic muon flux by a factor of 40, and second, scintillation veto detectors gating out most of the remaining muon-induced effects. The new background data are compared to spectra taken with the same detectors at the Earth's surface and at other underground sites. Subsequently, the beam intensity from the cesium sputter ion source installed in Felsenkeller has been studied over periods of several hours. Based on the background and beam intensity data reported here, for the example of the $^{12}$C($\alpha$,$\gamma$)$^{16}$O reaction it is shown that highly sensitive experiments will be possible., Comment: Submitted to Eur. Phys. J. A

Published
2019
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7. The muon intensity in the Felsenkeller shallow underground laboratory

Author

Ludwig, F., Wagner, L., Al-Abdullah, T., Barnaföldi, G. G., Bemmerer, D., Degering, D., Schmidt, K., Surányi, G., Szücs, T., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The muon intensity and angular distribution in the shallow-underground laboratory Felsenkeller in Dresden, Germany have been studied using a portable muon detector based on the close cathode chamber design. Data has been taken at four positions in Felsenkeller tunnels VIII and IX, where a new 5 MV underground ion accelerator is being installed, and in addition at four positions in Felsenkeller tunnel IV, which hosts a low-radioactivity counting facility. At each of the eight positions studied, seven different orientations of the detector were used to compile a map of the upper hemisphere with 0.85{\deg} angular resolution. The muon intensity is found to be suppressed by a factor of 40 due to the 45 m thick rock overburden, corresponding to 140 meters water equivalent. The angular data are matched by two different simulations taking into account the known geodetic features of the terrain: First, simply by determining the cutoff energy using the projected slant depth in rock and the known muon energy spectrum, and second, in a Geant4 simulation propagating the muons through a column of rock equal to the known slant depth. The present data are instrumental for studying muon-induced effects at these depths and also in the planning of an active veto for accelerator-based underground nuclear astrophysics experiments., Comment: Submitted to Astroparticle Physics

Published
2019
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9. Depth of response of induction therapy and consecutive maintenance treatment in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: An analysis of the PanaMa trial (AIO KRK 0212)

Author

Sommerhäuser, Greta, Kurreck, Annika, Beck, Alexander, Fehrenbach, Uli, Karthaus, Meinolf, Fruehauf, Stefan, Graeven, Ullrich, Mueller, Lothar, Koenig, Alexander O., v. Weikersthal, Ludwig F., Goekkurt, Eray, Haas, Siegfried, Stahler, Arndt, Heinemann, Volker, Held, Swantje, Alig, Annabel H.S., Kasper, Stefan, Stintzing, Sebastian, Trarbach, Tanja, and Modest, Dominik P.

Published
2023
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12. Comparing Global Violations of Environmentally Critical Groundwater Discharge Thresholds.

Author

Marinelli, B. P. P., Mohan, C., Gleeson, T., Ludwig, F., and de Graaf, I. E. M.

Subjects
GROUNDWATER flow, WATER table, ENVIRONMENTAL health, BODIES of water, WATER use, WATERSHEDS
Abstract

Groundwater is a crucial resource to support surface water bodies via groundwater discharge. In this study, we applied two methods of estimating global environmentally critical groundwater discharge, defined as the flux of groundwater to streamflow necessary to maintain a healthy environment, from 1960 to 2010: the Presumptive Standard stipulates that a standard proportion of groundwater discharge should be maintained at all timesteps, while the Q* is a low‐flow index that focuses on critical periods. We calculated these critical flow thresholds using simulated natural groundwater discharge, and estimated violations of the thresholds when human‐impacted groundwater discharge dropped too low. Our global assessment of the frequency and severity of violations over all timesteps in our study period showed that the Presumptive Standard estimated more frequent and severe violations than the Q*, but that the spatial patterns were similar for both methods. During low‐flow periods, when the relative importance of groundwater to support streamflow is greatest, both methods estimated similar magnitudes of violation frequency and severity. We further compared our results to a method of estimating environmentally critical streamflow, Variable Monthly Flow, which does not explicitly consider groundwater. From the differences in violation frequency between these groundwater‐centric and surface water‐centric methods, we evaluated the influence of including groundwater contributions to streamflow in environmental flow assessments. Our results show that including groundwater in such assessments is particularly important for regions with high groundwater demands in the drier climates of the world, while it is less important for regions with low groundwater demands and more humid climates. Plain Language Summary: We used two global methods of estimating the necessary flow of groundwater to surface water to protect environmental health. One method (Presumptive Standard) is designed to maintain environmental flows over the whole year, while the other method (Q*) focuses on low‐flow periods when groundwater plays a larger role in supporting surface water. We estimated historic violations of these environmentally critical flow thresholds and found that they estimated similar spatial patterns (although at different magnitudes). We then compared the violations to a method of estimating environmentally critical streamflow (Variable Monthly Flow), which does not directly consider groundwater. Here, we found that considering groundwater contributions to surface water affects the estimated environmental impacts of water use, particularly in river basins that are dry, have high amounts of agriculture, and are densely populated. From this study, we conclude that including groundwater in environmental flow assessments is important in regions with significant groundwater use, and that the choice of method should depend on the period of focus. Key Points: First global comparison of methods to calculate the environmentally critical contributions of groundwater to streamflowThe methods identified similar hotspots of historic violations of environmentally critical groundwater dischargeThe utility of the methods depends on whether an environmental flow assessment is important for all flow seasons or only low‐flow periods [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Progress of the Felsenkeller shallow-underground accelerator for nuclear astrophysics

Author

Bemmerer, D., Cavanna, F., Cowan, T. E., Grieger, M., Hensel, T., Junghans, A. R., Ludwig, F., Müller, S. E., Rimarzig, B., Reinicke, S., Schulz, S., Schwengner, R., Stöckel, K., Szücs, T., Takács, M. P., Wagner, A., Wagner, L., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Low-background experiments with stable ion beams are an important tool for putting the model of stellar hydrogen, helium, and carbon burning on a solid experimental foundation. The pioneering work in this regard has been done by the LUNA collaboration at Gran Sasso, using a 0.4 MV accelerator. In the present contribution, the status of the project for a higher-energy underground accelerator is reviewed. Two tunnels of the Felsenkeller underground site in Dresden, Germany, are currently being refurbished for the installation of a 5 MV high-current Pelletron accelerator. Construction work is on schedule and expected to complete in August 2017. The accelerator will provide intense, 50 uA, beams of 1H+, 4He+, and 12C+ ions, enabling research on astrophysically relevant nuclear reactions with unprecedented sensitivity., Comment: Submitted to the Proceedings of Nuclei in the Cosmos XIV, 19-24 June 2016, Niigata/Japan

Published
2016
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14. Prolonged Survival Using First-Line Pazopanib in a Filipino Male with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Brain Metastasis: A Case Report

Author

Christianne V. Mojica, Gerard Vincent A. Aguas, Gerardo Thomas H. Cornelio, and Ludwig F. Damian

Subjects
brain metastasis, pazopanib, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, renal cell carcinoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer worldwide. Brain metastasis is a poor prognostic factor among patients with this disease. The advancements in understanding of the molecular framework behind malignancy and brain metastasis led to more sophisticated treatment regimens which include targeted drugs and immunotherapy. While the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma has been proven in the literature, its specific role among patients with brain metastasis has not yet been fully elucidated. We report a case of a Filipino male with renal cell carcinoma and brain metastasis who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery of his right frontal lesion followed by pazopanib taken initially at 800 mg/day and then decreased to 600 mg/day. A significant increase in creatinine level led to the discontinuation of the medication after >3 years. He had a remarkable progression-free survival of 38 months. This is the first documented case of such significant response to pazopanib in a patient with renal cell carcinoma and brain metastasis. In the Philippine setting where options for cancer treatment are limited by the prohibitive cost of medications, this case can support the use of pazopanib as a potent agent for treating patients with this condition.

Published
2021
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16. Cooperative dynamics of DNA-grafted magnetic nanoparticles optimize magnetic biosensing and coupling to DNA origami

Author

Lak, A, Wang, YH, Kolbeck, PJ, Pauer, C, Chowdhury, MS, Cassani, M, Ludwig, F, Viereck, T, Selbach, F, Tinnefeld, P, Schilling, M, Liedl, T, Tavacoli, J, Lipfert, J, Lak, A, Wang, YH, Kolbeck, PJ, Pauer, C, Chowdhury, MS, Cassani, M, Ludwig, F, Viereck, T, Selbach, F, Tinnefeld, P, Schilling, M, Liedl, T, Tavacoli, J, and Lipfert, J

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) provide new opportunities for enzyme-free biosensing of nucleic acid biomarkers and magnetic actuation by patterning on DNA origami, yet how the DNA grafting density affects their dynamics and accessibility remains poorly understood. Here, we performed surface functionalization of MNPs with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) via click chemistry with a tunable grafting density, which enables the encapsulation of single MNPs inside a functional polymeric layer. We used several complementary methods to show that particle translational and rotational dynamics exhibit a sigmoidal dependence on the ssDNA grafting density. At low densities, ssDNA strands adopt a coiled conformation that results in minor alterations to particle dynamics, while at high densities, they organize into polymer brushes that collectively influence particle dynamics. Intermediate ssDNA densities, where the dynamics are most sensitive to changes, show the highest magnetic biosensing sensitivity for the detection of target nucleic acids. Finally, we demonstrate that MNPs with high ssDNA grafting densities are required to efficiently couple to DNA origami. Our results establish ssDNA grafting density as a critical parameter for the functionalization of MNPs for magnetic biosensing and functionalization of DNA nanostructures.

Published
2024

17. A learning framework for designing climate services for capacity building

Author

del Pozo Garcia, M., Gulikers, J.T.M., van der Bolt, B., Paparrizos, S., Smolenaars, W.J., den Brok, P.J., Ludwig, F., del Pozo Garcia, M., Gulikers, J.T.M., van der Bolt, B., Paparrizos, S., Smolenaars, W.J., den Brok, P.J., and Ludwig, F.

Abstract

Climate services aim to provide climate information to aid decision-making. However, in practice their effectiveness is hampered by factors such as incompatibility with decisions, neglect of user’s context, and limited understanding of the information provided. Enhancing climate services’ user orientation necessitates capacity building to bolster the knowledge and collaborative skills among actors in the climate production chain. This study introduces a learning framework for capacity building in climate services that was developed using iterative systematic cycles for educational design research. The framework contains seven steps, along with relevant guiding questions, derived from the evaluation of case studies and the trainer’s experiences in 21 training events conducted under the User Learning Services (ULS) of the Copernicus Climate Change (C3S). Overall, this study offers a learning framework that can guide the content and design of capacity building in future climate information services. This contributes significantly to the ongoing effort to enhance and understand the impact of climate services on decision making.

Published
2024

18. First Experiences with the new 99mTc labelled PSMA ligand [99mTc]TcO-ABX474 in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer Prior to PSMA targeted Radioligand Therapy

Author

Rahbar, K., Wagner, S., Schaeg, F., Ventura, D., Lis, C., Schäfers, M., (0000-0002-4358-5171) Ludwig, F.-A., Fischer, S., (0000-0001-6104-6676) Ullrich, M., (0000-0002-2876-9925) Sihver, W., (0000-0003-4846-1271) Kopka, K., Hoepping, A., Rahbar, K., Wagner, S., Schaeg, F., Ventura, D., Lis, C., Schäfers, M., (0000-0002-4358-5171) Ludwig, F.-A., Fischer, S., (0000-0001-6104-6676) Ullrich, M., (0000-0002-2876-9925) Sihver, W., (0000-0003-4846-1271) Kopka, K., and Hoepping, A.

Abstract

Purpose/Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Prior to the administration of radioligand therapy, precise assessment of PSMA expression and tumor localization is essential. Technetium-99m ( 99mTc) imaging is cost-effective and widely available. This study presents the first experiences of using [99mTc]TcO-ABX474 in patients with advanced prostate cancer, with the aim of providing valuable insights into its clinical utility and feasibility. Methods: Patients with advanced prostate cancer, who were scheduled for PSMA radioligand therapy, were referred to PSMA-Imaging. All patients underwent whole-body 99m Tc-PSMA ligand single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging. Qualitative and semi-quantitative assessments of [99mTc]TcO-ABX474 uptake were performed, and the results were compared with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT scans. Furthermore, ratios of at least 5 tumor lesions and salivary glands, spleen and kidneys to blood pool, muscle and liver were calculated for each patient. PSMA tumor uptake for evaluation of radioligand therapy was assessed using PROMISE V2 criteria. Results: In total 10 patients received a [99mTc]TcO-ABX474 SPECT/CT imaging prior to PSMA targeted radioligand therapy. Dynamic imaging at 3 time points were performed in 4 patients. In 6 patients image acquisition was performed starting 60 minutes after injection. There was a washout of activity within normal tissue (blood pool, liver and salivary glands) from 10 to 60 and 180 Minutes after injection. The ratios of tumor lesions and the kidneys to normal tissue uptake increased over the same period, whereas the ratios of the slivary glands and spleen decreased. According to PROMISE V2 85, 10 and 5% of the measured lesions showed a PSMA Score of 3, 2 and 1, therefore 95% were eligible for PSMA radioligand therapy. Conclusion: This study represents the first clinical experien

Published
2024

19. Retrospective climate resilience assessment of semi-arid farming systems in India

Author

Srinidhi, A., Werners, S.E., Dadas, Dada, D'Souza, Marcella, Ludwig, F., Meuwissen, M.P.M., Srinidhi, A., Werners, S.E., Dadas, Dada, D'Souza, Marcella, Ludwig, F., and Meuwissen, M.P.M.

Abstract

Semi-arid farming systems in India are facing an increasing frequency of climate change-induced extreme weather events. With the aim of improving their climate resilience, we retrospectively assess climate resilience in two case studies in Maharashtra, India. We considered a 15-year period and multiple interventions in both. The systems showed improved climate resilience when agricultural productivity-enhancing interventions were combined with those related to water management, soil health, livelihood diversification, and food and nutrition security. Further, we recommend embedding a monitoring, evaluation and learning component within the design of all interventions to help with adaptive decision-making.

Published
2024

20. Cooperative dynamics of DNA-grafted magnetic nanoparticles optimize magnetic biosensing and coupling to DNA origami

Author

Sub Molecular Biophysics, Lak, A, Wang, YH, Kolbeck, PJ, Pauer, C, Chowdhury, MS, Cassani, M, Ludwig, F, Viereck, T, Selbach, F, Tinnefeld, P, Schilling, M, Liedl, T, Tavacoli, J, Lipfert, J, Sub Molecular Biophysics, Lak, A, Wang, YH, Kolbeck, PJ, Pauer, C, Chowdhury, MS, Cassani, M, Ludwig, F, Viereck, T, Selbach, F, Tinnefeld, P, Schilling, M, Liedl, T, Tavacoli, J, and Lipfert, J

Published
2024

21. Mapping the slow and fast photoresponse of field-effect transistors to terahertz and infrared radiation

Author

Regensburger, S., Ludwig, F., (0000-0002-8090-9198) Winnerl, S., (0000-0002-3431-6666) Klopf, J. M., Lu, H., Roskos, H. G., Preu, S., Regensburger, S., Ludwig, F., (0000-0002-8090-9198) Winnerl, S., (0000-0002-3431-6666) Klopf, J. M., Lu, H., Roskos, H. G., and Preu, S.

Abstract

Field-effect transistors are capable of detecting electromagnetic radiation from less than 100 GHz up to very high frequencies reaching well into the infrared spectral range. Here, we report on frequency coverage of up to 30THz, thus reaching the technologically important frequency regime of CO2 lasers, using GaAs/AlGaAs high-electron-mobility transistors. A detailed study of the speed and polarization dependence of the responsivity allows us to identify a cross over of the dominant detection mechanism from ultrafast non-quasistatic rectification at low Terahertz frequencies to slow rectification based on a combination of the Seebeck and bolometric effects at high frequencies, occurring at about the boundary between the Terahertz frequency range and the infrared at 10THz.

Published
2024

22. A MHz-repetition-rate hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a superconducting linear accelerator

Author

Decking, W., Abeghyan, S., Abramian, P., Abramsky, A., Aguirre, A., Albrecht, C., Alou, P., Altarelli, M., Altmann, P., Amyan, K., Anashin, V., Apostolov, E., Appel, K., Auguste, D., Ayvazyan, V., Baark, S., Babies, F., Baboi, N., Bak, P., Balandin, V., Baldinger, R., Baranasic, B., Barbanotti, S., Belikov, O., Belokurov, V., Belova, L., Belyakov, V., Berry, S., Bertucci, M., Beutner, B., Block, A., Blöcher, M., Böckmann, T., Bohm, C., Böhnert, M., Bondar, V., Bondarchuk, E., Bonezzi, M., Borowiec, P., Bösch, C., Bösenberg, U., Bosotti, A., Böspflug, R., Bousonville, M., Boyd, E., Bozhko, Y., Brand, A., Branlard, J., Briechle, S., Brinker, F., Brinker, S., Brinkmann, R., Brockhauser, S., Brovko, O., Brück, H., Brüdgam, A., Butkowski, L., Büttner, T., Calero, J., Castro-Carballo, E., Cattalanotto, G., Charrier, J., Chen, J., Cherepenko, A., Cheskidov, V., Chiodini, M., Chong, A., Choroba, S., Chorowski, M., Churanov, D., Cichalewski, W., Clausen, M., Clement, W., Cloué, C., Cobos, J. A., Coppola, N., Cunis, S., Czuba, K., Czwalinna, M., D’Almagne, B., Dammann, J., Danared, H., de Zubiaurre Wagner, A., Delfs, A., Delfs, T., Dietrich, F., Dietrich, T., Dohlus, M., Dommach, M., Donat, A., Dong, X., Doynikov, N., Dressel, M., Duda, M., Duda, P., Eckoldt, H., Ehsan, W., Eidam, J., Eints, F., Engling, C., Englisch, U., Ermakov, A., Escherich, K., Eschke, J., Saldin, E., Faesing, M., Fallou, A., Felber, M., Fenner, M., Fernandes, B., Fernández, J. M., Feuker, S., Filippakopoulos, K., Floettmann, K., Fogel, V., Fontaine, M., Francés, A., Martin, I. Freijo, Freund, W., Freyermuth, T., Friedland, M., Fröhlich, L., Fusetti, M., Fydrych, J., Gallas, A., García, O., Garcia-Tabares, L., Geloni, G., Gerasimova, N., Gerth, C., Geßler, P., Gharibyan, V., Gloor, M., Głowinkowski, J., Goessel, A., Gołębiewski, Z., Golubeva, N., Grabowski, W., Graeff, W., Grebentsov, A., Grecki, M., Grevsmuehl, T., Gross, M., Grosse-Wortmann, U., Grünert, J., Grunewald, S., Grzegory, P., Feng, G., Guler, H., Gusev, G., Gutierrez, J. L., Hagge, L., Hamberg, M., Hanneken, R., Harms, E., Hartl, I., Hauberg, A., Hauf, S., Hauschildt, J., Hauser, J., Havlicek, J., Hedqvist, A., Heidbrook, N., Hellberg, F., Henning, D., Hensler, O., Hermann, T., Hidvégi, A., Hierholzer, M., Hintz, H., Hoffmann, F., Hoffmann, Markus, Hoffmann, Matthias, Holler, Y., Hüning, M., Ignatenko, A., Ilchen, M., Iluk, A., Iversen, J., Iversen, J., Izquierdo, M., Jachmann, L., Jardon, N., Jastrow, U., Jensch, K., Jensen, J., Jeżabek, M., Jidda, M., Jin, H., Johansson, N., Jonas, R., Kaabi, W., Kaefer, D., Kammering, R., Kapitza, H., Karabekyan, S., Karstensen, S., Kasprzak, K., Katalev, V., Keese, D., Keil, B., Kholopov, M., Killenberger, M., Kitaev, B., Klimchenko, Y., Klos, R., Knebel, L., Koch, A., Koepke, M., Köhler, S., Köhler, W., Kohlstrunk, N., Konopkova, Z., Konstantinov, A., Kook, W., Koprek, W., Körfer, M., Korth, O., Kosarev, A., Kosiński, K., Kostin, D., Kot, Y., Kotarba, A., Kozak, T., Kozak, V., Kramert, R., Krasilnikov, M., Krasnov, A., Krause, B., Kravchuk, L., Krebs, O., Kretschmer, R., Kreutzkamp, J., Kröplin, O., Krzysik, K., Kube, G., Kuehn, H., Kujala, N., Kulikov, V., Kuzminych, V., La Civita, D., Lacroix, M., Lamb, T., Lancetov, A., Larsson, M., Le Pinvidic, D., Lederer, S., Lensch, T., Lenz, D., Leuschner, A., Levenhagen, F., Li, Y., Liebing, J., Lilje, L., Limberg, T., Lipka, D., List, B., Liu, J., Liu, S., Lorbeer, B., Lorkiewicz, J., Lu, H. H., Ludwig, F., Machau, K., Maciocha, W., Madec, C., Magueur, C., Maiano, C., Maksimova, I., Malcher, K., Maltezopoulos, T., Mamoshkina, E., Manschwetus, B., Marcellini, F., Marinkovic, G., Martinez, T., Martirosyan, H., Maschmann, W., Maslov, M., Matheisen, A., Mavric, U., Meißner, J., Meissner, K., Messerschmidt, M., Meyners, N., Michalski, G., Michelato, P., Mildner, N., Moe, M., Moglia, F., Mohr, C., Mohr, S., Möller, W., Mommerz, M., Monaco, L., Montiel, C., Moretti, M., Morozov, I., Morozov, P., Mross, D., Mueller, J., Müller, C., Müller, J., Müller, K., Munilla, J., Münnich, A., Muratov, V., Napoly, O., Näser, B., Nefedov, N., Neumann, Reinhard, Neumann, Rudolf, Ngada, N., Noelle, D., Obier, F., Okunev, I., Oliver, J. A., Omet, M., Oppelt, A., Ottmar, A., Oublaid, M., Pagani, C., Paparella, R., Paramonov, V., Peitzmann, C., Penning, J., Perus, A., Peters, F., Petersen, B., Petrov, A., Petrov, I., Pfeiffer, S., Pflüger, J., Philipp, S., Pienaud, Y., Pierini, P., Pivovarov, S., Planas, M., Pławski, E., Pohl, M., Polinski, J., Popov, V., Prat, S., Prenting, J., Priebe, G., Pryschelski, H., Przygoda, K., Pyata, E., Racky, B., Rathjen, A., Ratuschni, W., Regnaud-Campderros, S., Rehlich, K., Reschke, D., Robson, C., Roever, J., Roggli, M., Rothenburg, J., Rusiński, E., Rybaniec, R., Sahling, H., Salmani, M., Samoylova, L., Sanzone, D., Saretzki, F., Sawlanski, O., Schaffran, J., Schlarb, H., Schlösser, M., Schlott, V., Schmidt, C., Schmidt-Foehre, F., Schmitz, M., Schmökel, M., Schnautz, T., Schneidmiller, E., Scholz, M., Schöneburg, B., Schultze, J., Schulz, C., Schwarz, A., Sekutowicz, J., Sellmann, D., Semenov, E., Serkez, S., Sertore, D., Shehzad, N., Shemarykin, P., Shi, L., Sienkiewicz, M., Sikora, D., Sikorski, M., Silenzi, A., Simon, C., Singer, W., Singer, X., Sinn, H., Sinram, K., Skvorodnev, N., Smirnow, P., Sommer, T., Sorokin, A., Stadler, M., Steckel, M., Steffen, B., Steinhau-Kühl, N., Stephan, F., Stodulski, M., Stolper, M., Sulimov, A., Susen, R., Świerblewski, J., Sydlo, C., Syresin, E., Sytchev, V., Szuba, J., Tesch, N., Thie, J., Thiebault, A., Tiedtke, K., Tischhauser, D., Tolkiehn, J., Tomin, S., Tonisch, F., Toral, F., Torbin, I., Trapp, A., Treyer, D., Trowitzsch, G., Trublet, T., Tschentscher, T., Ullrich, F., Vannoni, M., Varela, P., Varghese, G., Vashchenko, G., Vasic, M., Vazquez-Velez, C., Verguet, A., Vilcins-Czvitkovits, S., Villanueva, R., Visentin, B., Viti, M., Vogel, E., Volobuev, E., Wagner, R., Walker, N., Wamsat, T., Weddig, H., Weichert, G., Weise, H., Wenndorf, R., Werner, M., Wichmann, R., Wiebers, C., Wiencek, M., Wilksen, T., Will, I., Winkelmann, L., Winkowski, M., Wittenburg, K., Witzig, A., Wlk, P., Wohlenberg, T., Wojciechowski, M., Wolff-Fabris, F., Wrochna, G., Wrona, K., Yakopov, M., Yang, B., Yang, F., Yurkov, M., Zagorodnov, I., Zalden, P., Zavadtsev, A., Zavadtsev, D., Zhirnov, A., Zhukov, A., Ziemann, V., Zolotov, A., Zolotukhina, N., Zummack, F., and Zybin, D.

Published
2020
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29. Cellular effects of paclitaxel-loaded iron oxide nanoparticles on breast cancer using different 2D and 3D cell culture models

Author

Lugert S, Unterweger H, Mühlberger M, Janko C, Draack S, Ludwig F, Eberbeck D, Alexiou C, and Friedrich RP

Subjects
superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, SPION, 3D cell culture, toxicity, flow cytometry, Magnetic Drug Targeting, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Stephan Lugert,1,2 Harald Unterweger,1 Marina Mühlberger,1 Christina Janko,1 Sebastian Draack,3 Frank Ludwig,3 Dietmar Eberbeck,4 Christoph Alexiou,1 Ralf P Friedrich1 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; 2Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; 3Institut für Elektrische Messtechnik und Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany; 4Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Berlin, Germany Background: Magnetic drug targeting (MDT) is an effective alternative for common drug applications, which reduces the systemic drug load and maximizes the effect of, eg, chemotherapeutics at the site of interest. After the conjugation of a magnetic carrier to a chemotherapeutic agent, the intra-arterial injection into a tumor-afferent artery in the presence of an external magnetic field ensures the accumulation of the drug within the tumor tissue.Materials and methods: In this study, we used superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with lauric acid and human serum albumin as carriers for paclitaxel (SPIONLA-HSA-Ptx). To investigate whether this particle system is suitable for a potential treatment of cancer, we investigated its physicochemical properties by dynamic light scattering, ζ potential measurements, isoelectric point titration, infrared spectroscopy, drug release quantification, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated using extensive toxicological methods using flow cytometry, IncuCyte® live-cell imaging, and growth experiments on different human breast cancer cell lines in two- and three-dimensional cell cultures.Conclusion: The data showed that next to their high magnetization capability, SPIONLA-HSA-Ptx have similar cytostatic effects on human breast cancer cells as pure paclitaxel, suggesting their usage for future MDT-based cancer therapy. Keywords: superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, SPIONs, three-dimensional cell culture, toxicity, flow cytometry, magnetic drug targeting

Published
2018

34. Fermi Timing and Synchronization System

Author

Wilcox, R., Staples, J., Doolittle, L., Byrd, J., Ratti, A., Kaertner, F.X., Kim, J., Chen, J., Ilday, F.O., Ludwig, F., Winter, A., Ferianis, M., Danailov, M., and D'Auria, G.

Subjects
Particle accelerators
Published
2006

37. Socio-ecological Reflections for a Sustainable Society

Author

Hensel, M.U., Sunguroğlu Hensel, D., Binder, C.R., Ludwig, F., Aarts, N., Hensel, M.U., Sunguroğlu Hensel, D., Binder, C.R., Ludwig, F., and Aarts, N.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2023

38. Examination of the metabolism of both MCT-imaging PET radioligands [18F]FACH and [18F]FACH-d6 in vitro by means of LC-MS/MS - support for understanding preclinical in vivo data from different species

Author

(0000-0002-4358-5171) Ludwig, F.-A., (0000-0001-7390-3575) Wenzel, B., (0000-0001-9743-2325) Gündel, D., (0000-0003-3119-7945) Moldovan, R.-P., (0000-0002-1136-3857) Toussaint, M., Teodoro, R., (0000-0001-5555-7058) Brust, P., (0000-0003-3168-3062) Deuther-Conrad, W., (0000-0003-4846-1271) Kopka, K., Sadeghzadeh, M., (0000-0002-4358-5171) Ludwig, F.-A., (0000-0001-7390-3575) Wenzel, B., (0000-0001-9743-2325) Gündel, D., (0000-0003-3119-7945) Moldovan, R.-P., (0000-0002-1136-3857) Toussaint, M., Teodoro, R., (0000-0001-5555-7058) Brust, P., (0000-0003-3168-3062) Deuther-Conrad, W., (0000-0003-4846-1271) Kopka, K., and Sadeghzadeh, M.

Abstract

Objectives: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a non-invasive molecular imaging technique, which continues to find increasing application and further development for diagnosis of a broad range of disorders and dysfunctions. Since their involvement in pathophysiological processes that lead to cancer, for example, monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are of interest for the development of new radioligands for PET, such as [18F]FACH [1, 2] and its deuterated isotopologue [18F]FACH-d6. Both candidates have been already examined previously in preclinical PET studies in healthy mice and piglets, also with regard to their biodistribution and metabolic fate [3]. However, the general finding that in piglets both radioligands showed significant lower metabolic stability than in mice left some important unanswered questions, especially those relevant to potential clinical application. Therefore, this study aimed to further explore the metabolic properties of both radioligands by means of in vitro examinations, which besides discovering species dependency in some respects, might allow predictions for their metabolic stability in humans. Methods: [18F]FACH, [18F]FACH-d6 as well as their corresponding non-radioactive references were incubated with murine (mouse MLM and rat RLM) and human (HLM) liver microsomes and with pig and human S9 fractions, in presence of NADPH, but also other co-factors (e.g. UDPGA). After collection of samples at defined time points, subsequently prepared samples were investigated by radio-HPLC, UV-HPLC or LC-MS/MS. Obtained data allowed calculation of basic metabolic parameters and identification of metabolites formed in vitro. Results: [18F]FACH, incubated in presence of NADPH at 37°C for up to 60 min, showed highest stability in MLM (t1/2= 29913 min), whereas lowest stability was found in RLM (t1/2= 201 min). A moderate stability was found for both HLM (t1/2= 948 min) and pig S9 fraction (t1/2= 522 min). However, in a recent head-to-head comparis

Published
2023

39. Development of the High-Affinity Carborane-Based Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 PET Ligand [18F]LUZ5-d8

Author

Ueberham, L., (0000-0001-9743-2325) Gündel, D., Kellert, M., (0000-0003-3168-3062) Deuther-Conrad, W., (0000-0002-4358-5171) Ludwig, F.-A., Lönnecke, P., Kazimir, A., (0000-0003-4846-1271) Kopka, K., (0000-0001-5555-7058) Brust, P., (0000-0003-3119-7945) Moldovan, R.-P., Hey-Hawkins, E., Ueberham, L., (0000-0001-9743-2325) Gündel, D., Kellert, M., (0000-0003-3168-3062) Deuther-Conrad, W., (0000-0002-4358-5171) Ludwig, F.-A., Lönnecke, P., Kazimir, A., (0000-0003-4846-1271) Kopka, K., (0000-0001-5555-7058) Brust, P., (0000-0003-3119-7945) Moldovan, R.-P., and Hey-Hawkins, E.

Abstract

The development of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R) radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging was intensively explored. To overcome the low metabolic stability and simultaneously increase the binding affinity of known CB2R radioligands, a carborane moiety was used as a bioisostere. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of carboranebased 1,8-naphthyridinones and thiazoles as novel CB2R ligands. All tested compounds showed low nanomolar CB2R affinity, with (Z)-N-[3-(4-fluorobutyl)-4,5-dimethylthiazole-2(3H)-ylidene]-(1,7-dicarba-closo-dodecaboranyl)-carboxamide (LUZ5) exhibiting the highest affinity (0.8 nM). Compound [18F]LUZ5-d8 was obtained with an automated radiosynthesizer in high radiochemical yield and purity. In vivo evaluation revealed the improved metabolic stability of [18F]LUZ5-d8 compared to that of [18F]JHU94620. PET experiments in rats revealed high uptake in spleen and low uptake in brain. Thus, the introduction of a carborane moiety is an appropriate tool for modifying literature-known CB2R ligands and gaining access to a new class of high-affinity CB2R ligands, while the in vivo pharmacology still needs to be addressed.

Published
2023

41. Assessing the Climate Resilience of Semi-Arid Farming Systems in India : Framework and Application

Author

Srinidhi, A., Werners, S.E., Ludwig, F., D’souza, Marcella, Meuwissen, M.P.M., Srinidhi, A., Werners, S.E., Ludwig, F., D’souza, Marcella, and Meuwissen, M.P.M.

Abstract

Semi-arid regions in India are characterized by poor natural resources, smallholder farmers and an increasing frequency of extreme weather events. The vulnerability of semi-arid farming systems to climate change and the state of agrarian distress in India underscore the need to assess their climate resilience. We observe weaknesses in existing frameworks for assessing resilience, such as a bias toward assessing a system’s status quo and the lack of clarity between assessing resilience to specific stresses and a system’s more general resilience attributes. The need for context-specific tools and frameworks has also been highlighted in literature on climate resilience. To address these gaps, we develop a context-specific framework to assess the climate resilience of semi-arid farming systems in India and evaluate its relevance. The Climate Resilience In Semi-arid India (CRISI) framework, with customized system functions, indicators, resilience capacities and attributes, has been developed by combining insights from existing literature, from the local knowledge and expertise of the research team and from a case study application. Considering emerging climate change risks, the case study further shows us there is an urgent need to build the resilience capacities of adaptability and transformability of the farming system. CRISI’s inclusiveness in identifying stakeholder needs, its systemic understanding of resilience and its provision of information for decision-making make it useful for the farming community, practitioners and policymakers in assessing and building climate resilience.

Published
2023

45. Author Correction: A MHz-repetition-rate hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a superconducting linear accelerator

Author

Decking, W., Abeghyan, S., Abramian, P., Abramsky, A., Aguirre, A., Albrecht, C., Alou, P., Altarelli, M., Altmann, P., Amyan, K., Anashin, V., Apostolov, E., Appel, K., Auguste, D., Ayvazyan, V., Baark, S., Babies, F., Baboi, N., Bak, P., Balandin, V., Baldinger, R., Baranasic, B., Barbanotti, S., Belikov, O., Belokurov, V., Belova, L., Belyakov, V., Berry, S., Bertucci, M., Beutner, B., Block, A., Blöcher, M., Böckmann, T., Bohm, C., Böhnert, M., Bondar, V., Bondarchuk, E., Bonezzi, M., Borowiec, P., Bösch, C., Bösenberg, U., Bosotti, A., Böspflug, R., Bousonville, M., Boyd, E., Bozhko, Y., Brand, A., Branlard, J., Briechle, S., Brinker, F., Brinker, S., Brinkmann, R., Brockhauser, S., Brovko, O., Brück, H., Brüdgam, A., Butkowski, L., Büttner, T., Calero, J., Castro-Carballo, E., Cattalanotto, G., Charrier, J., Chen, J., Cherepenko, A., Cheskidov, V., Chiodini, M., Chong, A., Choroba, S., Chorowski, M., Churanov, D., Cichalewski, W., Clausen, M., Clement, W., Cloué, C., Cobos, J. A., Coppola, N., Cunis, S., Czuba, K., Czwalinna, M., D’Almagne, B., Dammann, J., Danared, H., de Zubiaurre Wagner, A., Delfs, A., Delfs, T., Dietrich, F., Dietrich, T., Dohlus, M., Dommach, M., Donat, A., Dong, X., Doynikov, N., Dressel, M., Duda, M., Duda, P., Eckoldt, H., Ehsan, W., Eidam, J., Eints, F., Engling, C., Englisch, U., Ermakov, A., Escherich, K., Eschke, J., Saldin, E., Faesing, M., Fallou, A., Felber, M., Fenner, M., Fernandes, B., Fernández, J. M., Feuker, S., Filippakopoulos, K., Floettmann, K., Fogel, V., Fontaine, M., Francés, A., Martin, I. Freijo, Freund, W., Freyermuth, T., Friedland, M., Fröhlich, L., Fusetti, M., Fydrych, J., Gallas, A., García, O., Garcia-Tabares, L., Geloni, G., Gerasimova, N., Gerth, C., Geßler, P., Gharibyan, V., Gloor, M., Głowinkowski, J., Goessel, A., Gołębiewski, Z., Golubeva, N., Grabowski, W., Graeff, W., Grebentsov, A., Grecki, M., Grevsmuehl, T., Gross, M., Grosse-Wortmann, U., Grünert, J., Grunewald, S., Grzegory, P., Feng, G., Guler, H., Gusev, G., Gutierrez, J. L., Hagge, L., Hamberg, M., Hanneken, R., Harms, E., Hartl, I., Hauberg, A., Hauf, S., Hauschildt, J., Hauser, J., Havlicek, J., Hedqvist, A., Heidbrook, N., Hellberg, F., Henning, D., Hensler, O., Hermann, T., Hidvégi, A., Hierholzer, M., Hintz, H., Hoffmann, F., Hoffmann, Markus, Hoffmann, Matthias, Holler, Y., Hüning, M., Ignatenko, A., Ilchen, M., Iluk, A., Iversen, J., Iversen, J., Izquierdo, M., Jachmann, L., Jardon, N., Jastrow, U., Jensch, K., Jensen, J., Jeżabek, M., Jidda, M., Jin, H., Johansson, N., Jonas, R., Kaabi, W., Kaefer, D., Kammering, R., Kapitza, H., Karabekyan, S., Karstensen, S., Kasprzak, K., Katalev, V., Keese, D., Keil, B., Kholopov, M., Killenberger, M., Kitaev, B., Klimchenko, Y., Klos, R., Knebel, L., Koch, A., Koepke, M., Köhler, S., Köhler, W., Kohlstrunk, N., Konopkova, Z., Konstantinov, A., Kook, W., Koprek, W., Körfer, M., Korth, O., Kosarev, A., Kosiński, K., Kostin, D., Kot, Y., Kotarba, A., Kozak, T., Kozak, V., Kramert, R., Krasilnikov, M., Krasnov, A., Krause, B., Kravchuk, L., Krebs, O., Kretschmer, R., Kreutzkamp, J., Kröplin, O., Krzysik, K., Kube, G., Kuehn, H., Kujala, N., Kulikov, V., Kuzminych, V., La Civita, D., Lacroix, M., Lamb, T., Lancetov, A., Larsson, M., Le Pinvidic, D., Lederer, S., Lensch, T., Lenz, D., Leuschner, A., Levenhagen, F., Li, Y., Liebing, J., Lilje, L., Limberg, T., Lipka, D., List, B., Liu, J., Liu, S., Lorbeer, B., Lorkiewicz, J., Lu, H. H., Ludwig, F., Machau, K., Maciocha, W., Madec, C., Magueur, C., Maiano, C., Maksimova, I., Malcher, K., Maltezopoulos, T., Mamoshkina, E., Manschwetus, B., Marcellini, F., Marinkovic, G., Martinez, T., Martirosyan, H., Maschmann, W., Maslov, M., Matheisen, A., Mavric, U., Meißner, J., Meissner, K., Messerschmidt, M., Meyners, N., Michalski, G., Michelato, P., Mildner, N., Moe, M., Moglia, F., Mohr, C., Mohr, S., Möller, W., Mommerz, M., Monaco, L., Montiel, C., Moretti, M., Morozov, I., Morozov, P., Mross, D., Mueller, J., Müller, C., Müller, J., Müller, K., Munilla, J., Münnich, A., Muratov, V., Napoly, O., Näser, B., Nefedov, N., Neumann, Reinhard, Neumann, Rudolf, Ngada, N., Noelle, D., Obier, F., Okunev, I., Oliver, J. A., Omet, M., Oppelt, A., Ottmar, A., Oublaid, M., Pagani, C., Paparella, R., Paramonov, V., Peitzmann, C., Penning, J., Perus, A., Peters, F., Petersen, B., Petrov, A., Petrov, I., Pfeiffer, S., Pflüger, J., Philipp, S., Pienaud, Y., Pierini, P., Pivovarov, S., Planas, M., Pławski, E., Pohl, M., Polinski, J., Popov, V., Prat, S., Prenting, J., Priebe, G., Pryschelski, H., Przygoda, K., Pyata, E., Racky, B., Rathjen, A., Ratuschni, W., Regnaud-Campderros, S., Rehlich, K., Reschke, D., Robson, C., Roever, J., Roggli, M., Rothenburg, J., Rusiński, E., Rybaniec, R., Sahling, H., Salmani, M., Samoylova, L., Sanzone, D., Saretzki, F., Sawlanski, O., Schaffran, J., Schlarb, H., Schlösser, M., Schlott, V., Schmidt, C., Schmidt-Foehre, F., Schmitz, M., Schmökel, M., Schnautz, T., Schneidmiller, E., Scholz, M., Schöneburg, B., Schultze, J., Schulz, C., Schwarz, A., Sekutowicz, J., Sellmann, D., Semenov, E., Serkez, S., Sertore, D., Shehzad, N., Shemarykin, P., Shi, L., Sienkiewicz, M., Sikora, D., Sikorski, M., Silenzi, A., Simon, C., Singer, W., Singer, X., Sinn, H., Sinram, K., Skvorodnev, N., Smirnow, P., Sommer, T., Sorokin, A., Stadler, M., Steckel, M., Steffen, B., Steinhau-Kühl, N., Stephan, F., Stodulski, M., Stolper, M., Sulimov, A., Susen, R., Świerblewski, J., Sydlo, C., Syresin, E., Sytchev, V., Szuba, J., Tesch, N., Thie, J., Thiebault, A., Tiedtke, K., Tischhauser, D., Tolkiehn, J., Tomin, S., Tonisch, F., Toral, F., Torbin, I., Trapp, A., Treyer, D., Trowitzsch, G., Trublet, T., Tschentscher, T., Ullrich, F., Vannoni, M., Varela, P., Varghese, G., Vashchenko, G., Vasic, M., Vazquez-Velez, C., Verguet, A., Vilcins-Czvitkovits, S., Villanueva, R., Visentin, B., Viti, M., Vogel, E., Volobuev, E., Wagner, R., Walker, N., Wamsat, T., Weddig, H., Weichert, G., Weise, H., Wenndorf, R., Werner, M., Wichmann, R., Wiebers, C., Wiencek, M., Wilksen, T., Will, I., Winkelmann, L., Winkowski, M., Wittenburg, K., Witzig, A., Wlk, P., Wohlenberg, T., Wojciechowski, M., Wolff-Fabris, F., Wrochna, G., Wrona, K., Yakopov, M., Yang, B., Yang, F., Yurkov, M., Zagorodnov, I., Zalden, P., Zavadtsev, A., Zavadtsev, D., Zhirnov, A., Zhukov, A., Ziemann, V., Zolotov, A., Zolotukhina, N., Zummack, F., and Zybin, D.

Published
2020
Full Text
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46. Depth of response of induction therapy and consecutive maintenance treatment in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer : An analysis of the PanaMa trial (AIO KRK 0212)

Author

Greta Sommerhäuser, Annika Kurreck, Alexander Beck, Uli Fehrenbach, Meinolf Karthaus, Stefan Fruehauf, Ullrich Graeven, Lothar Mueller, Alexander O. Koenig, Ludwig F. v. Weikersthal, Eray Goekkurt, Siegfried Haas, Arndt Stahler, Volker Heinemann, Swantje Held, Annabel H.S. Alig, Stefan Kasper, Sebastian Stintzing, Tanja Trarbach, and Dominik P. Modest

Subjects
Cancer Research, Oncology, Medizin
Abstract

In patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer, depth of response (DpR) has gained importance as a novel end-point in clinical trials. We investigated the overall DpR, as well as the prognostic and predictive impact of DpR to induction therapy (six cycles of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin [FU/FA], oxaliplatin [FOLFOX] and panitumumab [Pmab]) on consecutive maintenance therapy (FU/FA plus Pmab or FU/FA alone) in patients treated within the PanaMa trial.Central radiological assessment was performed according to RECIST 1.1. DpR was defined as percentage change in tumour diameter within defined time intervals (induction therapy, maintenance therapy, total course of therapy). For prognostic and predictive analyses, median DpR (/≥) served as threshold.Out of 248 patients receiving maintenance therapy, 211 were evaluable for DpR analyses (FU/FA + Pmab, n = 106; FU/FA alone, n = 105). The overall DpR in all patients was 56.5%. DpR of induction therapy (42.5%) accounted for the largest proportion (75.2%) of the overall DpR. While greater DpR to induction therapy was significantly associated with prolonged PFS (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.93, p = 0.013) and OS (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.28-0.51, p 0.001), there was no significant correlation of DpR and maintenance treatment arm.In the PanaMa trial, the overall DpR was similar to DpR achieved by other epidermal growth factor receptor-based regimens. DpR to induction therapy accounted for three quarters of the total tumour shrinkage potentially suggesting that FOLFOX plus Pmab can be de-escalated following induction without substantially compromising efficacy. DpR to induction therapy was prognostic but not predictive for efficacy of consecutive maintenance therapy.NCT01991873.

Published
2023

47. State-of-the-Art Room Temperature Operable Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-Based Terahertz Detector up to 5.56 THz

Author

Yadav, R., Ludwig, F., Faridi, F. R., Klopf, J. M., Roskos, H. G., Preu, S., and Penirschke, A.

Subjects
FEL, ultrafast, Schottky, THz detectors, FELBE
Abstract

We present the characterization of a Zero-bias Schottky diode-based Terahertz (THz) detector up to 5.56 THz. The detector was operated with both a table-top system until 1.2 THz and at a Free-Electron Laser (FEL) facility at singular frequencies from 1.9 to 5.56 THz. We used two measurement techniques in order to discriminate the sub-ns-scale (via a 20 GHz oscilloscope) and the ms-scale (using the lock-in technique) responsivity. While the lock-in measurements basically contain all rectification effects, the sub-ns-scale detection with the oscilloscope is not sensitive to slow bolometric effects caused by changes of the IV characteristic due to temperature. The noise equivalent power (NEP) is 10 pW/√Hz in the frequency range from 0.2 to 0.6 THz and 17 pW/√Hz at 1.2 THz and increases to 0.9 μW/√Hz at 5.56 THz, which is at the state of the art for room temperature zero-bias Schottky diode-based THz detectors with non-resonant antennas. The voltage and current responsivity of ∼500 kV/W and ∼100 mA/W, respectively, is demonstrated over a frequency range of 0.2 to 1.2 THz with the table-top system.

Published
2023

48. Retrospective climate resilience assessment of semi-arid farming systems in India

Author

Srinidhi, A., Werners, S.E., Dadas, Dada, D'Souza, Marcella, Ludwig, F., and Meuwissen, M.P.M.

Subjects
WIMEK, Business Economics, Bedrijfseconomie, Life Science, WASS, Water Systems and Global Change
Abstract

Semi-arid farming systems in India are facing an increasing frequency of climate change-induced extreme weather events. With the aim of improving their climate resilience, we retrospectively assess climate resilience in two case studies in Maharashtra, India. We considered a 15-year period and multiple interventions in both. The systems showed improved climate resilience when agricultural productivity-enhancing interventions were combined with those related to water management, soil health, livelihood diversification, and food and nutrition security. Further, we recommend embedding a monitoring, evaluation and learning component within the design of all interventions to help with adaptive decision-making.

Published
2023

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