16 results on '"Lucic, G."'
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2. Isotopic Techniques to Measure N2O, N2 and Their Sources
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Micrometeorological Methods for Greenhouse Gas Measurement
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Methodology for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Soils Using Non-isotopic Techniques
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Methane Production in Ruminant Animals
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Direct and Indirect Effects of Soil Fauna, Fungi and Plants on Greenhouse Gas Fluxes
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Automated Laboratory and Field Techniques to Determine Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Greenhouse Gases from Agriculture
- Author
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Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S. X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W. X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M. E. G., Horn, M. A., Jahangir, M. M. R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, editor, Heng, Lee, editor, and Müller, Christoph, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Automated Laboratory and Field Techniques to Determine Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- Author
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Zaman, Mohammad, Heng, Lee, Müller, Christoph, Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S.X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W.X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M.E.G., Horn, Marcus A., Jahangir, M.M.R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, Heng, Lee, Müller, Christoph, Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S.X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W.X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M.E.G., Horn, Marcus A., Jahangir, M.M.R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., and Müller, C.
- Abstract
Methods and techniques are described for automated measurements of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in both the laboratory and the field. Robotic systems are currently available to measure the entire range of gases evolved from soils including dinitrogen (N2). These systems usually work on an exchange of the atmospheric N2 with helium (He) so that N2 fluxes can be determined. Laboratory systems are often used in microbiology to determine kinetic response reactions via the dynamics of all gaseous N species such as nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N2O), and N2. Latest He incubation techniques also take plants into account, in order to study the effect of plant-soil interactions on GHGs and N2 production. The advantage of automated in-field techniques is that GHG emission rates can be determined at a high temporal resolution. This allows, for instance, to determine diurnal response reactions (e.g. with temperature) and GHG dynamics over longer time periods.
- Published
- 2021
10. Methodology for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Soils Using Non-isotopic Techniques
- Author
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Zaman, Mohammad, Heng, Lee, Müller, Christoph, Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S.X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W.X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M.E.G., Horn, Marcus A., Jahangir, M.M.R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., Müller, C., Zaman, Mohammad, Heng, Lee, Müller, Christoph, Zaman, M., Kleineidam, K., Bakken, L., Berendt, J., Bracken, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Cai, Z., Chang, S.X., Clough, T., Dawar, K., Ding, W.X., Dörsch, P., dos Reis Martins, M., Eckhardt, C., Fiedler, S., Frosch, T., Goopy, J., Görres, C.-M., Gupta, A., Henjes, S., Hofmann, M.E.G., Horn, Marcus A., Jahangir, M.M.R., Jansen-Willems, A., Lenhart, K., Heng, L., Lewicka-Szczebak, D., Lucic, G., Merbold, L., Mohn, J., Molstad, L., Moser, G., Murphy, P., Sanz-Cobena, A., Šimek, M., Urquiaga, S., Well, R., Wrage-Mönnig, N., Zaman, S., Zhang, J., and Müller, C.
- Abstract
Several approaches exist for measuring greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly CO2, N2O, and CH4, from soil surfaces. The principle methods that are used to measure GHG from agricultural sites are chamber-based techniques. Both open and closed chamber techniques are in use ; however, the majority of field applications use closed chambers. The advantages and disadvantages of different chamber techniques and the principal steps of operation are described. An important part of determining the quality of the flux measurements is the storage and the transportation of the gas samples from the field to the laboratory where the analyses are carried out. Traditionally, analyses of GHGs are carried out via gas chromatographs (GCs). In recent years, optical analysers are becoming increasingly available ; these are user-friendly machines and they provide a cost-effective alternative to GCs. Another technique which is still under development, but provides a potentially superior method, is Raman spectroscopy. Not only the GHGs, but also N2, can potentially be analysed if the precision of these techniques is increased in future development. An important part of this chapter deals with the analyses of the gas concentrations, the calculation of fluxes, and the required safety measures. Since non-upland agricultural lands (i.e. flooded paddy soils) are steadily increasing, a section is devoted to the specificities of GHG measurements in these ecosystems. Specialised techniques are also required for GHG measurements in aquatic systems (i.e. rivers), which are often affected by the transfer of nutrients from agricultural fields and therefore are an important indirect source of emission of GHGs. A simple, robust, and more precise method of ammonia (NH3) emission measurement is also described.
- Published
- 2021
11. New insights into the magmatic-hydrothermal system and volatile budget of Lastarria volcano, Chile: Integrated results from the 2014 IAVCEI CCVG 12th Volcanic Gas Workshop
- Author
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Lopez, T, Aguilera, F, Tassi, F, de Moor, J, Bobrowski, N, Aiuppa, A, Tamburello, G, Rizzo, A, Liuzzo, M, Viveiros, F, Cardellini, C, Silva, C, Fischer, T, Jean-Baptiste, P, Kazayaha, R, Hidalgo, S, Malowany, K, Lucic, G, Bagnato, E, Bergsson, B, Reath, K, Liotta, M, Carn, S, Chiodini, G, Lopez T., Aguilera F., Tassi F., de Moor J.M., Bobrowski N., Aiuppa A., Tamburello G., Rizzo A, Liuzzo M., Viveiros F., Cardellini C., Silva C., Fischer T., Jean-Baptiste P., Kazayaha R., Hidalgo S., Malowany K., Lucic G., Bagnato E., Bergsson B., Reath K., Liotta M., Carn S., Chiodini G., Lopez, T, Aguilera, F, Tassi, F, de Moor, J, Bobrowski, N, Aiuppa, A, Tamburello, G, Rizzo, A, Liuzzo, M, Viveiros, F, Cardellini, C, Silva, C, Fischer, T, Jean-Baptiste, P, Kazayaha, R, Hidalgo, S, Malowany, K, Lucic, G, Bagnato, E, Bergsson, B, Reath, K, Liotta, M, Carn, S, Chiodini, G, Lopez T., Aguilera F., Tassi F., de Moor J.M., Bobrowski N., Aiuppa A., Tamburello G., Rizzo A, Liuzzo M., Viveiros F., Cardellini C., Silva C., Fischer T., Jean-Baptiste P., Kazayaha R., Hidalgo S., Malowany K., Lucic G., Bagnato E., Bergsson B., Reath K., Liotta M., Carn S., and Chiodini G.
- Abstract
Recent geophysical evidence for large-scale regional crustal inflation and localized crustal magma intrusion has made Lastarria volcano (northern Chile) the target of numerous geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies. The chemical composition of volcanic gases sampled during discrete campaigns from Lastarria volcano indicated a well-developed hydrothermal system from direct fumarole samples in A.D. 2006, 2008, and 2009, and shallow magma degassing using measurements from in situ plume sampling techniques in 2012. It is unclear if the differences in measured gas compositions and resulting interpretations were due to artifacts of the different sampling methods employed, short-term excursions from baseline due to localized changes in stress, or a systematic change in Lastarria's magmatic-hydrothermal system between 2009 and 2012. Integrated results from a two-day volcanic gas sampling and measurement campaign during the 2014 International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) Commission on the Chemistry of Volcanic Gases (CCVG) 12th Gas Workshop are used here to compare and evaluate current gas sampling and measurement techniques, refine the existing subsurface models for Lastarria volcano, and provide new constraints on its magmatic-hydrothermal system and total degassing budget. While compositional differences among sampling methods are present, distinct compositional changes are observed, which if representative of longterm trends, indicate a change in Lastarria's overall magmatic-hydrothermal system. The composition of volcanic gases measured in 2014 contained high proportions of relatively magma- and water-soluble gases consistent with degassing of shallow magma, and in agreement with the 2012 gas composition. When compared with gas compositions measured in 2006-2009, higher relative H2O/CO2 ratios combined with lower relative CO2/St and H2O/St and stable HCl/St ratios (where St is total S [SO2 + H2S]) are observed in 20
- Published
- 2018
12. H<sub>2</sub>S interference on CO<sub>2</sub> isotopic measurements using a Picarro G1101-i cavity ring-down spectrometer
- Author
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Malowany, K., primary, Stix, J., additional, Van Pelt, A., additional, and Lucic, G., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. H2S interference on CO2 isotopic measurements using a Picarro G1101-i cavity ring-down spectrometer.
- Author
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Malowany, K., Stix, J., Van Pelt, A., and Lucic, G.
- Subjects
SPECTRUM analysis ,HYDROGEN sulfide ,CAVITY-ringdown spectroscopy ,ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide ,GAS analysis ,CARBON isotopes - Abstract
Cavity ring-down spectrometers (CRDSs) have the capacity to make isotopic measurements of CO
2 where concentrations range from atmospheric (~400 ppm) to 6000 ppm. Following field trials, it has come to light that the spectrographic lines used for CO2 have an interference with elevated (higher than ambient) amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), which causes significant depletions in the δ13 C measurement by the CRDSs. In order to deploy this instrument in environments with elevated H2 S concentrations (i.e., active volcanoes), we require a robust method for eliminating this interference. Controlled experiments using a Picarro G1101-i optical spectrometer were done to characterize the H2 S interference at varying CO2 and H2 S concentrations. The addition of H2 S to a CO2 standard gas reveals an increase in the12 CO2 concentration and a more significant decrease in the13 CO2 concentration, resulting in a depleted δ13 C value. Reacting gas samples containing H2 S with copper prior to analysis can eliminate this effect. Models post-dating the G1101-i carbon isotope analyzer have maintained the same spectral lines for CO2 and are likely to have a similar H2S response at elevated H2 S concentrations. It is important for future work with CRDS, particularly in volcanic regions where H2 S is abundant, to be aware of the H2 S interference on the CO2 spectroscopic lines and to remove all H2 S prior to analysis. We suggest employing a scrub composed of copper to remove H2 S from all gas samples that have concentrations in excess of 1 ppb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. New insights into the magmatic-hydrothermal system and volatile budget of Lastarria volcano, Chile: Integrated results from the 2014 IAVCEI CCVG 12th Volcanic Gas Workshop
- Author
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Marco Liuzzo, Felipe Aguilera, Carlo Cardellini, Giancarlo Tamburello, Emanuela Rita Bagnato, Giovanni Chiodini, Franco Tassi, Taryn Lopez, Fátima Viveiros, Kalina Malowany, Ryunosuke Kazayaha, Baldur Bergsson, Marcello Liotta, Andrea Luca Rizzo, K. Reath, Silvana Hidalgo, Gregor Lucic, Alessandro Aiuppa, Simon Carn, Catarina Silva, Nicole Bobrowski, J. Maarten de Moor, Tobias Fischer, Philippe Jean-Baptiste, Lopez, Taryn, Aguilera, Felipe, Tassi, Franco, Maarten de Moor, J., Bobrowski, Nicole, Aiuppa, Alessandro, Tamburello, Giancarlo, Rizzo, Andrea L., Liuzzo, Marco, Viveiros, Fátima, Cardellini, Carlo, Silva, Catarina, Fischer, Tobia, Jean-Baptiste, Philippe, Kazayaha, Ryunosuke, Hidalgo, Silvana, Malowany, Kalina, Lucic, Gregor, Bagnato, Emanuela, Bergsson, Baldur, Reath, Kevin, Liotta, Marcello, Carn, Simon, Chiodini, Giovanni, Lopez, T, Aguilera, F, Tassi, F, de Moor, J, Bobrowski, N, Aiuppa, A, Tamburello, G, Rizzo, A, Liuzzo, M, Viveiros, F, Cardellini, C, Silva, C, Fischer, T, Jean-Baptiste, P, Kazayaha, R, Hidalgo, S, Malowany, K, Lucic, G, Bagnato, E, Bergsson, B, Reath, K, Liotta, M, Carn, S, and Chiodini, G
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,SO2 emission ,carbon isotope ,Stratigraphy ,CO2 flux, SO2 emission, Cenral Andes, Northern Chile, carbon isotope ,Geochemistry ,Geology ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Lastarria Volcano ,01 natural sciences ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Volcano ,Northern Chile ,Cenral Andes ,Chile ,Hydrothermal gases ,CO2 flux ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Recent geophysical evidence for large-scale regional crustal inflation and localized crustal magma intrusion has made Lastarria volcano (northern Chile) the target of numerous geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies. The chemical composition of volcanic gases sampled during discrete campaigns from Lastarria volcano indicated a well-developed hydrothermal system from direct fumarole samples in A.D. 2006, 2008, and 2009, and shallow magma degassing using measurements from in situ plume sampling techniques in 2012. It is unclear if the differences in measured gas compositions and resulting interpretations were due to artifacts of the different sampling methods employed, short-term excursions from baseline due to localized changes in stress, or a systematic change in Lastarria's magmatic-hydrothermal system between 2009 and 2012. Integrated results from a two-day volcanic gas sampling and measurement campaign during the 2014 International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) Commission on the Chemistry of Volcanic Gases (CCVG) 12th Gas Workshop are used here to compare and evaluate current gas sampling and measurement techniques, refine the existing subsurface models for Lastarria volcano, and provide new constraints on its magmatic-hydrothermal system and total degassing budget. While compositional differences among sampling methods are present, distinct compositional changes are observed, which if representative of longterm trends, indicate a change in Lastarria's overall magmatic-hydrothermal system. The composition of volcanic gases measured in 2014 contained high proportions of relatively magma- and water-soluble gases consistent with degassing of shallow magma, and in agreement with the 2012 gas composition. When compared with gas compositions measured in 2006-2009, higher relative H2O/CO2 ratios combined with lower relative CO2/St and H2O/St and stable HCl/St ratios (where St is total S [SO2 + H2S]) are observed in 2012 and 2014. These compositional changes suggest variations in the magmatic-hydrothermal system between 2009 and 2012, with possible scenarios to explain these trends including: (1) decompression-induced degassing due to magma ascent within the shallow crust; (2) crystallization-induced degassing of a stalled magma body; (3) depletion of the hydrothermal system due to heating, changes in local stress, and/or minimal precipitation; and/or (4) acidification of the hydrothermal system. These scenarios are evaluated and compared against the geophysical observations of continuous shallow inflation at ~8 km depth between 1997 and 2016, and near-surface ( < 1 km) inflation between 2000 and 2008, to further refine the existing subsurface models. Higher relative H2O/CO2 observed in 2012 and 2014 is not consistent with the depletion or acidification of a hydrothermal system, while all other observations are consistent with the four proposed models. Based on these observations, we find that scenarios 1 or 2 are the most likely to explain the geochemical and geophysical observations, and propose that targeted shallow interferometric synthetic-aperture radar (InSAR) studies could help discriminate between these two scenarios. Lastly, we use an average SO2 flux of 604 ± 296 t/d measured on 22 November 2014, along with the average gas composition and diffuse soil CO2 flux measurements, to estimate a total volatile flux from Lastarria volcano in 2014 of ~12,400 t/d, which is similar to previous estimates from 2012.
- Published
- 2018
15. Human Ammonia Emission Rates under Various Indoor Environmental Conditions.
- Author
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Li M, Weschler CJ, Bekö G, Wargocki P, Lucic G, and Williams J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Aerosols analysis, Ammonia analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor analysis, Ozone analysis
- Abstract
Ammonia (NH
3 ) is typically present at higher concentrations in indoor air (∼10-70 ppb) than in outdoor air (∼50 ppt to 5 ppb). It is the dominant neutralizer of acidic species in indoor environments, strongly influencing the partitioning of gaseous acidic and basic species to aerosols, surface films, and bulk water. We have measured NH3 emissions from humans in an environmentally controlled chamber. A series of experiments, each with four volunteers, quantified NH3 emissions as a function of temperature (25.1-32.6 °C), clothing (long-sleeved shirts/pants or T-shirts/shorts), age (teenagers, adults, and seniors), relative humidity (low or high), and ozone (<2 ppb or ∼35 ppb). Higher temperature and more skin exposure (T-shirts/shorts) significantly increased emission rates. For adults and seniors (long clothing), NH3 emissions are estimated to be 0.4 mg h-1 person-1 at 25 °C, 0.8 mg h-1 person-1 at 27 °C, and 1.4 mg h-1 person-1 at 29 °C, based on the temperature relationship observed in this study. Human NH3 emissions are sufficient to neutralize the acidifying impacts of human CO2 emissions. Results from this study can be used to more accurately model indoor and inner-city outdoor NH3 concentrations and associated chemistry.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Observations and Contributions of Real-Time Indoor Ammonia Concentrations during HOMEChem.
- Author
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Ampollini L, Katz EF, Bourne S, Tian Y, Novoselac A, Goldstein AH, Lucic G, Waring MS, and DeCarlo PF
- Subjects
- Ammonia, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Ventilation, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Indoor
- Abstract
Although ammonia (NH
3 ) is usually found at outdoor concentrations of 1-5 ppb, indoor ammonia concentrations can be much higher. Indoor ammonia is strongly emitted from cleaning products, tobacco smoke, building materials, and humans. Because of ammonia's high reactivity, solubility in water, and tendency to sorb to a variety of surfaces, it is difficult to measure, and thus a comprehensive evaluation of indoor ammonia concentrations remains an understudied topic. During HOMEChem, which was a comprehensive indoor chemistry study occurring in a test house during June 2018, the real-time concentration of ammonia indoors was measured using cavity ring-down spectroscopy. A mean unoccupied background concentration of 32 ppb was observed, with further enhancements of ammonia occurring during cooking, cleaning, and occupancy activities, reaching maximum concentrations during these activities of 130, 1592, and 99 ppb, respectively. Furthermore, ammonia concentrations were strongly influenced by indoor temperatures and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) operation. In the absence of activity-based sources, the HVAC operation was the main modulator of ammonia concentration indoors.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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