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Step-by-step guidance for researchers and health care professionals who are seeking funding for their health research projects. The toolkit covers the key components of a successful funding proposal, including defining the research question, conducting a literature review, outlining the research design and methodology, estimating the budget, and developing a compelling project narrative.

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To establish differences in the genotoxic effect of particulate matter (PM10) in exposed individuals at two sites in the Valle de Aburra (VA). This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 2 groups of individuals exposed to 67.7 and 45 µg/m3 of PM10 for a minimum of 8 hours/day. The frequency of Chromosomal Abnormalities (CAs) and the mitotic index were evaluated based on blood samples. The data were processed using SPSS version 18.0 and significant differences were established between the groups at p

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar efecto genotóxico y mutagénico en linfocitos humanos expuestos a nanotubos de carbono (NTC) prístinos y dopados con Nitrógeno. Métodos: linfocitos humanos fueron expuestos a NTC dopados y prístinos (0.08, 0.09, 0.1mg/mL), se evaluó alteraciones cromosómicas e intercambio de cromátidas hermanas (ICH). Resultados: se presentaron rupturas cromatídicas y cromosómicas en linfocitos expuestos a 0.1mg/mL y 0.08mg/mL de NTC prístinos. NTC dopados, indujeron cromosomas dicéntricos y anillos cromosómicos. Se presentó diferencia significativa en el porcentaje de ICH de células tratadas con NTC dopados versus control negativo y NTC prístinos (p

The financial burden of antibiotic resistance is a serious concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the excess costs associated with pneumonia, bacteraemia, surgical site infections and intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in Medellin, Colombia, an endemic region for carbapenem resistance. A cohort study was conducted in a third-level hospital from 2014-2015. All patients with carbapenem-resistant and carbapenem-susceptible Gram-negative bacterial infections were included. Pharmaceutical, medical and surgical direct costs were described from the health system perspective. Excess costs were estimated from generalised linear models with gamma distribution and adjusted for variables that could affect the cost difference. A total of 218 patients were enrolled, 48 (22.0%) of whom were infected with carbapenem-resistant bacteria. IAIs were the most frequent. The adjusted total excess cost was US$3966 [95% confidence interval (CI) US$1684-6249], with a significantly higher cost for antibiotics, followed by hospital stay, laboratory tests and interconsultation. The highest excess cost was attributed mainly to the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (US$1827, 95% CI US$1005-2648), followed by length of hospital stay (US$1015, 95% CI US$163-1867). The results of this study highlight the importance of designing antimicrobial stewardship programmes and infection control strategies in endemic regions to reduce the financial threat of antimicrobial resistance to health systems.

In 10 municipalities of Antioquia (Colombia) the positivity rate in serum for total (IgG/IgM) and specific (IgM) antibodies to hepatitis E virus (HEV) was determined, and tests were done for the presence of HEV RNA in the feces of individuals positive for IgM antibodies. According to previous exposure to pigs, two different groups were included, namely: exposed and unexposed. The latter group was subdivided into cohabitants of the exposed ones and general population. The frequency of total anti-HEV antibodies in the exposed group was 15.7%, and that of IgM, 2.5% (p

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de infecciones vaginales y lesiones intraepiteliales los resultados de laboratorio de las usuarias de los laboratorios clínicos de Dinámica IPS de la ciudad de Medellín atendidas entre el 2005 y el 2010.Materiales y Método: estudio descriptivo transversal con fuentes secundarias de los resultados de pruebas realizadas a usuarias de Dinámica IPS atendidas en el periodo de estudio en el que se evaluaron variables como la edad y los resultados de citología vaginal (n= 261 789), Gram (n= 70 447) y directo de flujo vaginal (n= 89 527). Se excluyeron registros con información incompleta. Se realizó análisis estadístico con medianas y proporciones.Resultados: del total de muestras analizadas(n=261 789), el 1,99% correspondían a lesiones escamosas, de éstas el 0,038% corresponde a muestras positivas de cáncer de cuello uterino confirmada por patólogo; el 8,01% corresponde a lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado y el 36,13% a lesiones escamosas de bajo grado. En el examen de flujo vaginal por directo se encontraron 14 803 pruebas positivas (16,51%) para vaginitis por hongos, 19 079 (21,31%) para vaginosis bacteriana y 414 (0,46%) para vaginitis por Trichomona; en el Gram se observó que las infecciones vaginales generadas por Gardnerella ocupan la mayor frecuencia con 19 186 resultados positivos (27,23%).Conclusiones: los datos encontrados con relación a las frecuencias de lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales y para las infecciones vaginales guardan relación con lo reportado en la Literatura nacional; sin embargo, para el casos del ASCUS se encuentra variación, probablemente por las características mismas de este tipo de atipias.