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Abstract. Despite its proximity to cities with important botanical institutions such as Madrid and Salamanca, and its location between important mountain ranges (Gredos and Malagón mountain ranges), the flora of the province of Ávila had not been studied comprehensively until now. In this article, we present the first checklist of the vascular flora of this province, which is the result of a thorough critical bibliographic review, numerous field trips, and the study of materials preserved in Iberian herbaria, mainly those that house the majority of the collections made in the province. The taxonomic and nomenclatural treatment takes into account the results of the latest monographic works and, particularly, the molecular phylogeny studies conducted over three decades. These studies have substantially changed the classification to align it with the evolutionary processes that have contributed to the current plant biodiversity. We have accepted a total of 1960 taxa (species and subspecies), with 1797 considered native and 163 introduced. Additionally, we present the floristic spectrum of the province and the state of conservation of its flora. All of this is discussed in light of the data provided by the complete checklists available from neighbouring provinces. For each taxon, we highlight its presence or absence in the three ecological regions into which we have divided the province (La Moraña region, Sierra de Gredos, and Sierra de Malagón). Where necessary, we provide observations regarding its distribution, taxonomy, or nomenclature. Notably, we include the genus Exaculum in Schenkia, leading us to propose a new nomenclatural combination.

Carex hartmaniorum (sect. Racemosae, Cyperaceae) is reported for the first time for Spain, from a single known population in the Cerdanya region (Eastern Pyrenees, Girona province). The main differences with closely related taxa are highlighted, a dichotomous key to differentiate this species from members of section Racemosae inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees is presented, and some comments on its distribution and ecology are made. A preliminary conservation assessment for Spain resulted in the proposal of the Endangered category of C. hartmaniorum for Spain.

Despite centuries of work, the basic taxonomic knowledge of the flora of the Iberian Peninsula is still incomplete, especially for highly diverse and/or difficult genera such as Carex. In this study, we conducted an integrative systematic study based on molecular, morphological and cytogenetic data to elucidate the taxonomic status of several problematic Carex populations from La Mancha region (S Spain) belonging to Carex sect. Phacocystis. These populations have been traditionally considered of uncertain taxonomic adscription, but close to C. reuteriana due to their morphological appearance and ecological preferences. A detailed morphological and cytogenetic study was performed on 16 La Mancha’s problematic populations (Sierra Madrona and Montes de Toledo) to compare them with the other Iberian sect. Phacocystis species. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis was conducted using two nuclear (ITS, ETS) and two plastid (rpl32‐trnLUAG, ycf6‐psbM) DNA regions, including representatives from all species of sect. Phacocystis. We found a significant degree of molecular and morphological differentiation that supports the recognition of La Mancha’s problematic populations as a new Iberian endemic species, described here as Carex quixotiana Ben.Benítez, Martín-Bravo, Luceño & Jim.Mejías. Our results reveal that C. quixotiana, unexpectedly, is more closely related to C. nigra than to C. reuteriana on the basis of phylogenetic relationships and chromosome number. These contrasting patterns reflect the taxonomic complexity in sect. Phacocystis and highlight the need for integrative systematic approaches to disentangle such complicated evolutionary scenarios.

Geographic isolation and chromosome evolution are two of the major drivers of diversification in eukaryotes in general, and specifically, in plants. On one hand, range shifts induced by Pleistocene glacial oscillations deeply shaped the evolutionary trajectories of species in the Northern Hemisphere. On the other hand, karyotype variability within species or species complexes may have adaptive potential as different karyotypes may represent different recombination rates and linkage groups that may be associated with locally adapted genes or supergenes. Organisms with holocentric chromosomes are ideal to study the link between local adaptation and chromosome evolution, due to their high cytogenetic variability, especially when it seems to be related to environmental variation. Here, we integrate the study of the phylogeography, chromosomal evolution and ecological requirements of a plant species complex distributed in the Western Euro‐Mediterranean region (Carex gr. laevigata, Cyperaceae). We aim to clarify the relative influence of these factors on population differentiation and ultimately on speciation. We obtained a well‐resolved RADseq phylogeny that sheds light on the phylogeographic patterns of molecular and chromosome number variation, which are compatible with south‐to‐north postglacial migration. In addition, landscape genomics analyses identified candidate loci for local adaptation, and also strong significant associations between the karyotype and the environment. We conclude that karyotype distribution in C. gr. laevigata has been constrained by both range shift dynamics and local adaptation. Our study demonstrates that chromosome evolution may be responsible, at least partially, for microevolutionary patterns of population differentiation and adaptation in Carex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Carex camposii Boiss. & Reut., endemic to high mountain ranges in Southern Iberian Peninsula (Sierra Nevada, Sierra de los Filabres and Sierra de Baza), is a morphologically and molecularly well-defined species included in Carex gr. laevigata (subg. Carex, sect. Spirostachyae). We have discovered a population of a morphologically similar species to C. camposii in a different mountain range (Sierra de Tejeda), that displayed some deviant morphological characters and was found in a different habitat from that typical of the species. In order to disentangle the taxonomic status of this population, we have conducted a phylogenetic analysis using five nuclear (ITS, ETS, G3PDH, CATP and GZF) and three plastid (matK, rpS16 and 5’trnK intron) DNA regions. In addition, a morphological analysis including the population from Sierra de Tejeda was carried out. The resulting phylogenetic trees show that the samples of the problematic population are closely related to C. camposii, while the morphological study revealed that a total of nine morphological features did not match those of typical C. camposii. Even though the samples from Sierra de Tejeda are genetically not well differentiated from C. camposii, the morphological and ecological differentiation supports its recognition as a new subspecies, C. camposii subsp. tejedensis. An assessment of its conservation status using IUCN categories and criteria suggests that it could be critically endangered (CR).

Learning innovation is a positive approach on the contemporary higher education international stage. This article stresses the need to devise physical spaces that are also innovative. For that purpose, using a qualitative methodology, we investigated recent trends based on the synergies between certain creative disciplines: architecture, music, and fashion. The comparison was based on compositional features and formative dimension. Using a qualitative methodological comprehensive approach, a set of case studies was analysed. The findings show the usefulness of activating these synergies as effective strategies when enriching educational processes in different ways. Six cases of excellence wherein university physical spaces reached levels of innovation were studied, representing relevant transfers among the three disciplines. The text presents examples that show the educational consequences in the establishment of those synergies, in terms of both composition (music–architecture) and the activation of heritage sites in the city as venues of learning innovation (fashion–architecture). The basic conclusions were based on the fact that the increase in teaching and spatial creativity that emanates from said synergies among the three disciplines can be potentially extrapolated to other areas of knowledge.

Academic stress has attracted research interest in recent decades due to the similarity found between the occurrence of stress in students and that experienced by workers in organisations. However, tools to assess academic stress are either scarce, general or evaluate the consequences of academic stress. This study aims to validate the psychometric properties of the DECORE-S questionnaire in a sample of students, based on the original 44-item model used in the work context. A cross-sectional design was used in which 1117 university students from different subject areas participated. The results show an adequate fit for the four-factor model (cognitive demands, control, support, and rewards) and internal consistency indices greater than.70 for all scales using 30 items. Students had the highest scores on the cognitive demand scale. Consequently, the use of the DECORE-S questionnaire to assess academic stress is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Tunisia, as in other countries in the region, the spaces for the fight against HIV/AIDS have been places of socialization, training and network development for LGBTQI+ people. However, after the 2011 revolution, a reconfiguration of activist spaces emerged, with the birth of associations and collectives that defend the LGBTQI+ cause with a more identity-based approach. The latter coexist with associations fighting against HIV/AIDS, which emphasize a public health approach. The article will examine the tensions and gaps between these two poles, as well as their overlaps.Based on interviews conducted between 2018 and 2020 with leaders and members of associations or organisations in Tunisia, the author discusses two distinct moments: the first relates the history of the fight against HIV/AIDS before the 2011 revolution; the second explores the post-revolutionary relationship between the movement against HIV/AIDS and the LGBTQI+ community. Indeed, the context of democratic transition and the involvement of international donors who finance the LGBTQI+ cause, has allowed for greater identity affirmation. This relative visibility is easier to grasp in the capital than in the rest of the country, but everywhere, negociations are occuring between the various associations who continue to fight for greater information in order to curb the HIV/AIDS epidemics.

El desfile de moda, como acontecimiento social que se ha ido consolidando desde el siglo xix hasta la actualidad, responde a un perfil de espectáculo. El texto se centra en el estudio del mismo, asumido como evento que atesora un doble perfil, profesional y académico. Se parte de una lectura histórico-tipológica y una indagación en la creatividad inherente a su esencia. Asumiendo su naturaleza fundamental, se analiza como fenómeno cargado de creatividad pedagógica, tanto en su acepción profesional, que aporta contenidos formativos a los alumnos asistentes, como esencialmente en el denominado «desfile académico». Esta innovadora versión consiste en que son precisamente los alumnos quienes exhiben sus propias creaciones. Se trata de una dinámica de reciente cuño que se ilustra con un conjunto de casos relevantes extraídos del escenario universitario internacional. La finalidad global del texto es explorar y proponer para su réplica el formato de «desfile académico» como recurso pedagógico de un creciente potencial para la formación de alumnos de Moda.

In this paper we report the presence of Carex olbiensis (Cyperaceae) in the CW Iberian Peninsula (Sierra de Gredos, Extremadura region), which represents an important disjunction in relation to the known range of the species and its westernmost new limit. We revised the distribution of this species, which resulted in the likely exclusion of the species from the floras of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Morocco. Finally, we provide an illustration of the species and discuss some aspects of its ecology, morphology, and conservation status.

Résumé Contexte L’hyperplasie bénigne de la prostate (HBP) est l’un des troubles de la reproduction les plus courants chez le chien et chez l’homme. Le finastéride, un inhibiteur synthétique de l’enzyme 5α-réductase, est largement utilisé comme traitement médical. Bien que le sperme puisse être affecté à la fois par l’HBP et par le traitement avec le finastéride, l’influence directe sur l’intégrité de l’ADN reste peu claire. Le but de cette étude était ainsi de vérifier l’effet direct de l’HBP et/ou du traitement par finastéride sur l’intégrité de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes de chien. Dans la présente étude, 20 chiens mâles ont été randomisés selon un plan factoriel en 2x2 à l’un des 4 groupes expérimentaux suivants : Groupe HBP (n=5), Groupe HBP-Finastéride (n=5), Groupe non-HBP traité par Finastéride (n=5), et Groupe non-HBP non traité (n=5). L’analyse Le sperme a été réalisée mensuellement pendant 60 jours (J0, J30 et J60) soit après le début du traitement par finastéride ou à partir du diagnostic de HBP. L’intégrité de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes a été analysée par l’évaluation de la susceptibilité à la fragmentation (coloration au bleu de toluidine ; détermination de la structure de la chromatine des spermatozoïdes - SCSA), par l’évaluation directe de la fragmentation de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes (détermination de la dispersion de la chromatine des spermatozoïdes - SCDA) et par l’évaluation de la protamination des spermatozoïdes (chromomycine A3). Résultats L’intégrité de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes n’a pas été affectée par le traitement par finastéride. Cependant, les chiens avec HBP ont une susceptibilité plus élevée à la dénaturation acide de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes (SCSA) par comparaison aux chiens ne présentant pas d’HBP, ainsi qu’un pourcentage plus bas de spermatozoïdes avec intégrité de l’ADN (coloration au bleu de toluidine). Conclusions L’hyperplasie bénigne de la prostate induit des altérations de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes, alors que le traitement par finastéride n’influence pas directement par lui-même l’intégrité de l’ADN des spermatozoïdes.

Carex subgenus Psyllophorae is an engaging study group due to its early diversification compared to most Carex lineages, and its remarkable disjunct distribution in four continents corresponding to three independent sections: sect. Psyllophorae in Western Palearctic, sect. Schoenoxiphium in Afrotropical region, and sect. Junciformes in South America (SA) and SW Pacific. The latter section is mainly distributed in Patagonia and the Andes, where it is one of the few Carex groups with a significant in situ diversification. We assess the role of historical geo-climatic events in the evolutionary history of the group, particularly intercontinental colonization events and diversification processes, with an emphasis on SA. We performed an integrative study using phylogenetic (four DNA regions), divergence times, diversification rates, biogeographic reconstruction, and bioclimatic niche evolution analyses. The crown age of subg. Psyllophorae (early Miocene) supports this lineage as one of the oldest within Carex. The diversification rate probably decreased over time in the whole subgenus. Geography seems to have played a primary role in the diversification of subg. Psyllophorae. Inferred divergence times imply a diversification scenario away from primary Gondwanan vicariance hypotheses and suggest long-distance dispersal-mediated allopatric diversification. Section Junciformes remained in Northern Patagonia since its divergence until Plio-Pleistocene glaciations. Andean orogeny appears to have acted as a northward corridor, which contrasts with the general pattern of North-to-South migration for temperate-adapted organisms. A striking niche conservatism characterizes the evolution of this section. Colonization of the SW Pacific took place on a single long-distance dispersal event from SA. The little ecological changes involved in the trans-Pacific disjunction imply the preadaptation of the group prior to the colonization of the SW Pacific. The high species number of the section results from simple accumulation of morphological changes (disparification), rather than shifts in ecological niche related to increased diversification rates (radiation).