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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:43:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) It has been shown that gibberellin (GA) perception is part of root-to-shoot communication in plants during drought. However, it is not clear how GA content interferes with long-distance drought response signaling. Thus, in this study, the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Micro-Tom (MT) was treated with 50 mM acid gibberellic, while the control plants were sprayed with water. After treatment, tomato plants were reciprocally grafted (i.e., MT/MT, MT + GA/MT + GA, MT + GA/MT, MT/MT + GA; within each pair, the first indicates the scion, and the second indicates the rootstock). Therefore, to evaluate the role of GA in root-to-shoot communication during drought stress, plants were grown under well-watered or drought conditions. Height, leaf and root area, dry weight, malondialdehyde content, relative water content and stomatal conductance were measured. It was verified that the MT + GA/MT and MT + GA/MT + GA plants were taller than the grafted plants without GA treatment. Furthermore, non-treated plants (MT/MT) exhibited a reduction in root area due to water-deficit. Regarding water relations, under drought, the greatest reduction in stomatal conductance was observed in plants grafted onto rootstocks treated with GA, which favored the maintenance of an increased relative water content. This demonstrates an important role of GA in root-to-shoot communication to induce stomatal closure during water-deficit conditions. Centro de Ciências Agrárias Universidade de Marília, Avenida Higino Muzzy Filho, 1001 Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane FAPESP: 2014/19165-2

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-30T20:25:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Considering that water deficit is one of the main environmental factors responsible for low soybean yield and that nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to be a fundamental part of plant defense signaling during stress, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of seed priming with nitric oxide on the induction of water deficit tolerance during the initial development of soybean. Thus, seeds were treated with 0 (water only), 50, 100 or 250 μmol.L-1 sodium nitroprusside for 6 hours. Additionally, untreated seeds were used. After drying, the seeds were placed in containers filled with a commercial substrate mixture and vermiculite and irrigated to 100% and 50% field capacity. Biometric and biochemical evaluations (pigment and proline contents) were performed after 14 days. It was concluded that pretreatment of soybean seeds with 50 to 250 μmol.L-1 SNP attenuated the effects of water deficit on stem growth, leaf area, and shoot dry matter and induced carotenoid biosynthesis. The accumulation of proline in the leaves was pronounced in the treatments with 100 and 250 μmol.L-1 SNP, while 100 μmol.L-1 SNP induced proline accumulation in the roots. São Paulo State University São Paulo State University

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:34:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-02-27 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Blossom end rot is one of the main physiological disorders of the tomato crop. Usually, the blossom end rot (BER) occurrence is associated with fruit calcium (Ca2+) deficiency; however, increasing evidence of Ca2+ disorders and hormonal regulation has emerged. Therefore, the present work was undertaken to investigate the role of gibberellin (GA) signaling on the control of tomato plant responses to Ca2+ deficiency. In this study, we used the tomato mutant procera (pro), which has a constitutive response to GA, and its isogenic line cv. Micro-Tom (MT) grown in a hydroponic system with or without Ca2+. Subsequently, the analysis of the growth of the shoot and the root system was performed, and the contents of photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress were also analyzed. Furthermore, the fruit production, BER incidence, accumulation and metabolism of Ca2+ were also analyzed. The deficiency of Ca2+ reduced both shoot and root growth in both genotypes. Likewise, photosynthetic pigment degradation and oxidative stress were induced by Ca2+ deficiency. However, only pro plants exhibited the inhibition of fruit dry mass, as well as a higher incidence of BER, when exposed to Ca2+ deficiency compared to MT plants. In accordance with the greater pro susceptibility to Ca2+ deficiency, the efficiency of the transport, use and accumulation of Ca2+ in fruits was lower in pro when compared to the MT. Thus, we conclude that the higher sensitivity to GA in pro plants impairs Ca2+ metabolism and favors the occurrence of BER in tomato fruits, opening new approaches for the GA signaling on BER response. Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol Appl Agr, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Soil & Fertilizer, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol Appl Agr, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Soil & Fertilizer, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:45:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:34:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0001-37652020000501021.pdf: 1693286 bytes, checksum: a75952baa40b105165a49460b8033ced (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Plant responses to nitrogen supply are dependent on auxin signaling, but much still remains to be elucidated regarding N deficiency in tomato. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate how low auxin sensitivity regulates the responses of tomato plants to N deficiency. For this purpose, we used the tomato diageotropica mutant, with low auxin sensitivity, and a near isogenic line cv. Micro-Tom grown in nutrient solutions under absence and presence of nitrogen. Plant height, stem diameter, root and shoot dry mass, area and root density, number of lateral roots, leaf area, chlorophylls and carotenoids content, nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency were evaluated. We observed a clear interaction between the tomato genotype and nitrogen. When the plants were grown with nitrogen, ‘Micro-Tom’ showed higher growth than the diageotropica mutant. Under nitrogen deficiency condition, the mutant showed improved growth, nitrogen use efficiency and higher contents of pigments. In general, the low sensitivity to auxin in diageotropica caused reduced growth in both shoot and root. However, the diageotropica tomato showed a positive regulation of the nitrogen use efficiency under nitrogen deficiency. In general, our data revealed that the reduced sensitivity to auxin increased the adaptive capacity to the nitrogen deficiency. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Departamento de Solos e Adubos Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural Universidade de Marília Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Avenida Higino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Cidade Universitária Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Departamento de Biologia Aplicada à Agropecuária Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Departamento de Solos e Adubos Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Departamento de Biologia Aplicada à Agropecuária Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Micro-Tom (MT) is widely used in physiological studies, but the effects of nitrate ( NO3 - ) and ammonium ( NH4 + ) ratios ( NO3 - : NH4 + ratios) and, in particular, the effects of the accompanying ions in NH4 + sources are unknown. To determine whether the accompanying ions in NH4 + sources influence NH4 + toxicity, the effects of NO3 - : NH4 + ratios on the physiology, electrolyte leakage index, nutrition, and dry weight were studied using hydroponics. The NH4 + sources were ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) or ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4], and five NO3 - : NH4 + ratios were used: 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, and 0 : 100. The NO3 - source was calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2], and the nitrogen (N) concentration was 15 mmol L−1. The results indicate that NH4Cl or (NH4)2SO4 can be used in studies on NH4 + toxicity because the accompanying ions did not influence the tomato plants. In addition, NO3 - : NH4 + ratios of 100 : 0 and 75 : 25 resulted in the highest dry weight of tomato plants, whereas ratios of 25 : 75 or 0 : 100 were toxic.

[EN] Plants are sessile organisms that must perceive and respond to various environmental constraints throughout their life cycle. Among these constraints, drought stress has become the main limiting factor to crop production around the world. Water deprivation is perceived primarily by the roots, which efficiently signal the shoot to trigger drought responses in order to maximize a plant's ability to survive. In this study, the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) mutant procera (pro), with a constitutive response to gibberellin (GA), and its near isogenic line cv. Micro-Tom (MT), were used in reciprocal grafting under well-watered and water stress conditions to evaluate the role of GA signaling in root-to-shoot communication during drought stress. Growth, oxidative stress, gene expression, water relations and hormonal content were measured in order to provide insights into GA-mediated adjustments to water stress. All graft combinations with pro (i.e. pro/pro, MT/pro and pro/MT) prevented the reduction of growth under stress conditions without a reduction in oxidative stress. The increase of oxidative stress was followed by upregulation of SlDREB2, a drought-tolerance related gene, in all drought-stressed plants. Scions harboring the pro mutation tended to increase the abscisic acid (ABA) content, independent of the rootstock. Moreover, the GA sensitivity of the rootstock modulated stomatal conductance and water use efficiency under drought stress, indicating GA and ABA crosstalk in the adjustment of growth and water economy., The Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for doctoral fellowship to the first author under grant 2014/19165-2.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:32:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052018000100013.pdf: 1289889 bytes, checksum: 8cc29053b58bd5468d8c3db43ea4a50a (MD5) It is well known that phytochromes mediate a wide range of photomorphogenic processes in plants. In addition, many studies have demonstrated the involvement of phytochromes as part of abiotic stress signaling responses. However, little is known about cadmium (Cd) stress regulation by phytochromes. Thus, in this study, we used the phyA (far red-insensitive; fri), phyB1 (temporary red-insensitive; tri) and phyB2 (phyB2) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) mutants to investigate the roles of these three phytochromes on Cd stress responses. The plants were grown over a 21-d period in the presence of Cd. We evaluated plant growth, Cd and chlorophyll content and anatomical changes in the leaves. The results indicated that all genotypes were affected by Cd and showed reduced growth of the shoots and roots, as well as reduced chlorophyll content. The accumulation of Cd was similar for all genotypes, and a higher Cd content was found in roots. Anatomical analysis of the vascular bundles revealed that fri and tri seem to be more disrupted by Cd. Overall, these results indicate that phytochromes do not determine Cd stress tolerance in tomato plants. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Biol Aplicada Agr, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Prod Vegetal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Biol Aplicada Agr, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Prod Vegetal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Grafting is a method employed to improve crop production. The first grafted vegetable seedlings used were for Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) plants grafted onto Lagenaria siceraria L. rootstock to overcome Fusarium wilt. Since then, the use of grafted solanaceous and cucurbitaceous seedlings has spread, with the practice mainly used in Asia, Europe, and North America. The expansion of grafting is likely due to its ability to provide tolerance to biotic stress, such as soilborne pathogens, and to abiotic stresses, such as cold, salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity, due to the resistance found in the rootstock. Many aspects related to rootstock/scion interactions are poorly understood, which can cause loss of fruit quality, reduced production, shorter postharvest time, and, most commonly, incompatibility between rootstock and scion. The rootstock and scion cultivars must be chosen with care to avoid loss. This review discusses the possible loss, damage, and potential contribution of grafti...

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:12:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-03-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The participation of plant cryptochromes in water deficit response mechanisms has been highlighted in several reports. However, the role of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cryptochrome 1a (cry1a) in the blue light fluence-dependent modulation of the water deficit response remains largely elusive. The tomato cry1a mutant and its wild-type counterpart were grown in water (no stress) or PEG6000 (osmotic stress) treatments under white light (60 μmol m−2 s-1) or from low to high blue light fluence (1, 5, 10, 15 and 25 μmol m−2 s-1). We first demonstrate that under nonstress conditions cry1a regulates seedling growth by mechanisms that involve pigmentation, lipid peroxidation and osmoprotectant accumulation in a blue light-dependent manner. In addition, we further highlighted under osmotic stress conditions that cry1a increased tomato growth by reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline accumulation. Although blue light is an environmental signal that influences osmotic stress responses mediated by tomato cry1a, specific blue light fluence rates are required during these responses. Here, we show that CRY1a manipulation may be a potential biotechnological target to develop a drought-tolerant tomato variety. Nevertheless, the complete understanding of this phenomenon requires further investigation. Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture São Paulo State University (UNESP) University of Marília (UNIMAR) Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture São Paulo State University (UNESP) FAPESP: 2017/26130-9

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:49:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Grafting has been a long-standing technique used to improve crop production and provide tolerance to biotic stresses, including soil-borne pathogens, as well as tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as cold, salinity, drought, and heavy metals. Currently, beyond its use in horticultural production, grafting has received great prominence as an important research tool, mainly regarding signaling mechanisms related to root-shoot communication. Most of the emphasis from recent studies has been on detection of the long-distance transport of molecules and signaling factors, especially phytohormones, RNAs, peptides, and proteins. Through these studies, there have been significant breakthroughs about the underlying mechanisms implicated in the regulation of developmental and stress responses at the whole plant level. Because of this, the aim of this paper is to provide an overview of grafting as an important tool for plant science. Thus, in the following sections, we will summarize what is most recent and relevant in the use of grafting in plant research. Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol Appl Agr, Jaboticabal, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol Appl Agr, Jaboticabal, Brazil FAPESP: 2014/19165-2

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:50:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01 Proline accumulation in roots and shoots is one of the most evident responses to environmental stresses such as drought, which is currently one of the main threats for agriculture. Based on this response, in this work, we hypothesize that proline accumulation is dependent on root-to-shoot communication through light perception. Thus, we used exaggerated light response (hp1) and phytochrome-deficient (au) mutants of tomato, which were combined through self-grafting and reciprocal grafting and subjected to drought stress, for posterior determination of shoot and root growth and proline content. Light-affected proline metabolism, as hp1, had the highest accumulation, while au presented the lowest proline values. Reciprocal grafting showed that hp1 and MT as scion or rootstock improved MT and au proline content, respectively, indicating shoot-to-root and root-to-shoot communication modulate the metabolism of this compatible osmolyte. Dry weight, leaf area, and root area presented similar patterns to proline content, indicating the importance of this compound for plant growth under stress conditions. These results provide a new perspective on light mediation of long-distance proline translocation in stressed plants. School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane

The intense cultivation of the melons in greenhouses has caused the rise of serious problems involved with soil pathogens, making it necessary to use grafting as an alternative in crop management in this environment. The objective of the present study was to determine the ideal morphophysiological stage of melon plants ‘Bonus No. 2’ for grafting by the closed cleft method, utilizing as rootstock the pumpkin hybrid ‘Shelper’, and to see if it affects take rate and productivity and quality of the fruits. A completely randomized block design was used with five treatments and five repetitions, where each plot comprised eight plants. The treatments consisted of four different stages of development of the seedlings of net melon (scion): developed cotyledonary leaves; first leaf in development; second leaf in development; and two developed leaves. Non-grafted plants served as the control. The non-grafted plants showed better values for rind netting, rind thickness and soluble solids. When compared to the graft treatments, there was no significant difference regarding the characteristics evaluated. If there is a need for grafting because of soil pathogens and salinity, the utilization of scions with the first leaf in development is recommended since they show better values for rind yield and soluble solids at an early morphophysiological stage.

The okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is one of the most important vegetables in the world and is a popular food item in many tropical and subtropical countries. Besides its cultivation for fresh consumption, okra also has potential industrial uses. Nonetheless, pests and diseases remain the most damaging factors affecting its crop yield. Among these, root-knot nematodes are the main pests limiting okra production. This study aimed to determine the responses of plant species of the Malvaceae family to Meloidogyne incognita and M. enterolobii root-knot nematodes, and to also assess the compatibility of the same with the okra commercial 'Colhe Bem IAC'. Resistance was evaluated using the reproduction factor in two commercial okra cultivars ('Colhe Bem IAC' and 'Santa Cruz 47'), five cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plant genotypes (PRO 277, IAC 29-233, PR 136, IAC 24, and IAC 03-979), and vinagreira (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Other resistance-related traits measured were the percentage of healing, plant height, root length, rootstock stem diameter, scion stem diameter, number of leaves, total fresh weight, and fresh weight of the scion, rootstock, and root parts. While the cotton and vinagreira genotypes tested were resistant to both species of nematodes, okra cultivars were not. The okra, however, showed successful adaptation to grafting, which may offer an important physical resistance against attacks by root-knot nematodes, while vinagreira showed the greatest potential for use as rootstock for protecting okra crops.

O quiabeiro cultivado em espacamentos maiores caracteriza-se pela emissao de ramificacoes laterais, o que e menos frequente quando se aumenta a densidade de plantas. Pelo exposto o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influencia de diferentes espacamentos entre linhas e entre plantas sobre o desenvolvimento vegetativo e producao das cultivares de quiabeiro ‘Santa Cruz 47’ e ‘Colhe Bem IAC’. Empregou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2x2x4, compreendendo duas cultivares (‘Santa Cruz 47’ e ‘Colhe Bem IAC’), dois espacamentos entre linhas (1,00 e 1,20 m) e quatro espacamentos entre plantas (0,10; 0,20; 0,30; 0,40 m), constituindo 16 tratamentos com tres repeticoes. O espacamento entre plantas afetou o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas e tambem a producao de frutos. A maior densidade de plantas reduziu o numero de hastes produtivas e consequentemente resultou em menor massa e numero de frutos por planta, no entanto, proporcionou as maiores produtividades.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:30:42Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:38:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84883763992.pdf: 84559 bytes, checksum: e6b61dfa9850e4e806f4b79380df589f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:30:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-09-17 Due to the few studies about grafting in net melon, in order to obtain better control of soil pathogens, the aim of the present study was to evaluate 16 genotypes of Cucurbitaceae: Benincasa hispida, Luffa cylindrica, pumpkin 'Jacarezinho', pumpkin 'Menina Brasileira', squash 'Exposição', squash 'Coroa', pumpkin 'Canhão Seca', pumpkin 'Squash', pumpkin 'Enrrugado Verde', pumpkin 'Mini Paulista', pumpkin 'Goianinha', watermelon 'Charleston Gray', melon 'Rendondo Gaucho', melon 'Redondo Amarelo', cucumber 'Caipira HS' and cucumber 'Caipira Rubi', regarding to compatibility of grafting in net melon and resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, based on the reproduction factor (RF), according to Oostenbrink (1966). To assess resistance, the seedlings were transplanted to ceramic pots and inoculated with 300/mL eggs and/or second stage juveniles of M. incognita. At 50 days after transplanting, the plants were removed from the pots and the resistance was evaluated. The compatibility between resistant rootstock and grafts of net melon was determined by performing simple cleft grafting, in a commercial net melon hybrid of great market acceptance and susceptible to M. incognita (Bonus no. 2). The genotypes Luffa cylindrica, pumpkin 'Goianinha', pumpkin 'Mini-Paulista', melon 'Redondo Amarelo', watermelon 'Charleston Gray' are resistant to the nematode M. incognita. The better compatibilities occurred with the rootstocks melon 'Amarelo', which presented 100% of success, followed by pumpkin 'Mini-Paulista' with 94%. On the other hand, Sponge gourd, watermelon 'Charleston Gray' and pumpkin 'Goianinha' showed low graft take percentages of 66%, 62% and 50%, respectively. Departamento de Produção Vegetal Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000, 38964-790, Uberaba, Minas Gerais Departamento de Produção Vegetal Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo

Phytochromes have been reported as strategic photoreceptors that can modulate the partition of photoassimilates between source and sink. However, so far, it is unknown whether phytochrome accumulation in the root is part of the control mechanisms of the source-sink relationship that modulates root and shoot growth. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate phytochrome involvement in the source-sink relationship and in the vegetative and reproductive development of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom or MT). The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments, provided by grafting combinations between aurea (au), which is phytochrome deficient, and the near isogenic line MT: (MT/MT, au/au, MT/au and au/MT). We observed differentiated responses for many parameters analyzed. For example, the root dry mass accumulation and stern diameter obtained by MT/MT, MT/au and au/MT grafting were 33% and 31% higher, respectively, than those obtained by au/au. In the au/MT combination, there were greater root dry mass and total dry mass accumulations. Based on the changes in vegetative and reproductive development observed from grafting combinations between MT and the mutant au, we can conclude that phytochromes function in the control of photoassimilate partitioning between roots and stems during tomato growth.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-03T15:29:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-07-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-11-04T10:14:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-05362014000300297.pdf: 320535 bytes, checksum: 59ce6a20b1b1ed27a7c5bd8e00924b0e (MD5) Devido ao severo ataque de nematoides na cultura do meloeiro rendilhado sob ambiente protegido, este trabalho teve por objetivo selecionar porta-enxertos resistentes a Meloidogyne incognita e M. javanica. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, de outubro de 2010 a abril de 2011, em Jaboticabal-SP. Foram avaliados 33 porta-enxertos; melões: CNPH 01-930 (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus), CNPH 01-962, CNPH 01-963 (Cucumis melo var. conomon), cvs. Gaúcho Redondo, Gaúcho Comprido, Redondo Amarelo, Gulfcoast, Chilton, Bônus n° 2, Fantasy; melancias: cv. Charleston Gray, Progênie da Coréia (Citrullus lanatus); abóboras: cvs. Mra. Ma, Ornamental, Howden, Mammoth, Kururu, Goianinha (Cucurbita moschata); cabaça: Abóbora de Porco, cvs. Maranhão, Brasileirinha (Lagenaria siceraria); moranga: cv. Pataca Gigante (Cucurbita maxima); pepinos: cvs. Caipira, Branco Meio-Comprido, Curumim (Cucumis sativus); buchas: Metro, Semente Branca, Semente Preta (Luffa cylindrica); abóbora d’água (Benincasa hispida); abó- bora porta-enxerto: Híbrido cv. Keij; quiabo de Metro (Trichosanthes cucumerins) e Cruá (Sicana odorifera). Para avaliar a resistência de plantas, as mudas foram transplantadas para vasos e inoculados com 3.000 ovos e juvenis de M. incognita via sistema radicular. Aos 50 dias após a inoculação, foi realizada avaliação da resistência das plantas, com base no fator de reprodução do nematoide. Foram realizados os mesmos procedimentos para as duas espécies de nematoides. Nos porta-enxertos resistentes aos nematoides foram realizadas enxertias, com os melões rendilhados ‘Bônus n° 2’ e ‘Fantasy’. CNPH 01-962, CNPH 01-963 e melão ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ foram resistentes a M. incognita. Melão ‘Redondo Amarelo’, melancia ‘Charleston Gray’, Progênie da Coréia, e Trichosanthes cucumerins, foram resistentes a M. javanica. Benincasa hispida foi resistente a ambas as espécies. As compatibilidades de enxertia entre os porta-enxertos resistentes e os melões rendilhados ‘Bônus no 2’ e ‘Fantasy’ foram superiores a 98%. Nematodes severely attack net melon plants under protected cultivation conditions. The objective of this research was to select rootstocks with resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions from October 2010 to April 2011 in Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Thirty-three cucurbitaceous genotypes were investigated as rootstocks; melons: CNPH 01-930 (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus), CNPH 01-962, 01-963 CNPH (Cucumis melo var. conomon), cvs. Gaucho Redondo, Gaucho Comprido, Redondo Amarelo, Gulfcoast, Chilton, Bonus no. 2, Fantasy; watermelons: cv. Charleston Gray, Progenie da Coreia (Citrullus lanatus); pumpkins: cvs. Mra. Ma, Ornamental, Howden, Mammoth, Kururu, Goianinha (Cucurbita moschata); gourd: Abobora de Porco, cvs. Maranhao, Brasileirinha (Lagenaria siceraria); squash: cv. Pataca Gigante (Cucurbita maxima); cucumber: cvs. Caipira, Branco Meio Comprido, Curumim (Cucumis sativus); loofah: Metro, Semente Branca, Semente Preta (Luffa cylindrica); wax gourd (Benincasa hispida); pumpkin rootstock: Hybrid cv. Keij; snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerins) and musk cucumber (Sicana odorifera). To evaluate the resistance, seedlings were transplanted to pots and the root inoculated with 3,000 eggs and second stage juveniles of M. incognita and M. javanica. Fifty days after the inoculation, the plants were evaluated for nematode resistance by means of the reproduction factor. The grafting compatibility between net melon cvs. Bonus no. 2 and Fantasy and the rootstocks previously characterized as resistant were evaluated by means of 60 graftings. CNPH 01-962, CNPH 01-963 and melon 'Gaucho Redondo', were considered resistant to M. incognita. Melon 'Redondo Amarelo', watermelon 'Charleston Gray', watermelon Progenie da Coreia, Trichosanthes cucumerins were considered resistant to M. javanica. Benincasa hispida was resistant to M. javanica and M. incognita. The compatibility between net melons and resistant rootstocks was higher than 98%. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal

A escolha correta dos herbicidas pressupondo que exista diferenca no comportamento do espectro e deposicao de gotas da calda de pulverizacao isolado e associados com adjuvantes pode afetar sua eficacia no controle da corda-de-viola. Neste contexto, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o espectro e deposicao de gotas em virtude de caldas dos herbicidas associados ao uso de adjuvantes e o controle de corda-de-viola apos simulacao artificial de chuva. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, com cinco repeticoes, sendo constituidos por seis caldas de herbicida, sendo utilizados glyphosate e paraquat isolado e em associacao com fertilizante mineral e oleo vegetal, nas condicoes com e sem simulacao de chuva artificial, mais uma testemunha (agua). As variaveis avaliadas foram: determinacao do diâmetro e uniformidade das gotas, tensao superficial das caldas, distribuicao volumetrica e o espacamento entre pontas e o controle de I. grandifolia com chuva artificial 1 h apos a aplicacao. O controle de I. grandifolia com simulacao artificial de chuva reduz a eficiencia dos herbicidas com as maiores quantidades de materia seca da parte aerea e materia seca da raiz, independente do uso de adjuvantes.