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BackgroundAlthough population studies have greatly improved our understanding of migraine, they have relied on retrospective self-reports that are subject to memory error and experimenter-induced bias. Furthermore, these studies also lack specifics from the actual time that attacks were occurring, and how patients express and share their ongoing suffering. ObjectiveAs technology and language constantly evolve, so does the way we share our suffering. We sought to evaluate the infodemiology of self-reported migraine headache suffering on Twitter. MethodsTrained observers in an academic setting categorized the meaning of every single “migraine” tweet posted during seven consecutive days. The main outcome measures were prevalence, life-style impact, linguistic, and timeline of actual self-reported migraine headache suffering on Twitter. ResultsFrom a total of 21,741 migraine tweets collected, only 64.52% (14,028/21,741 collected tweets) were from users reporting their migraine headache attacks in real-time. The remainder of the posts were commercial, re-tweets, general discussion or third person’s migraine, and metaphor. The gender distribution available for the actual migraine posts was 73.47% female (10,306/14,028), 17.40% males (2441/14,028), and 0.01% transgendered (2/14,028). The personal impact of migraine headache was immediate on mood (43.91%, 6159/14,028), productivity at work (3.46%, 486/14,028), social life (3.45%, 484/14,028), and school (2.78%, 390/14,028). The most common migraine descriptor was “Worst” (14.59%, 201/1378) and profanity, the “F-word” (5.3%, 73/1378). The majority of postings occurred in the United States (58.28%, 3413/5856), peaking on weekdays at 10:00h and then gradually again at 22:00h; the weekend had a later morning peak. ConclusionsTwitter proved to be a powerful source of knowledge for migraine research. The data in this study overlap large-scale epidemiological studies, avoiding memory bias and experimenter-induced error. Furthermore, linguistics of ongoing migraine reports on social media proved to be highly heterogeneous and colloquial in our study, suggesting that current pain questionnaires should undergo constant reformulations to keep up with modernization in the expression of pain suffering in our society. In summary, this study reveals the modern characteristics and broad impact of migraine headache suffering on patients’ lives as it is spontaneously shared via social media.

The study delved into the level of capabilities of Kindergarten teachers in the Municipality of Pozorrubio, Pangasinan. The study determined the profile of the respondents, the level of Kindergarten instructional capabilities during a pandemic, the significant difference between the profile of the respondents and the level of kindergarten instructional qualifications during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the level of significance of the relationship and the profile variables of the respondents and the level of kindergarten instructional capabilities during COVID 19 pandemic. The descriptive method of research was used in this study. Findings showed that most of the respondents are female, in the early adulthood stage, and married; most of the respondents earned units in graduate school and enough training to teach during the COVID-19 pandemic. The level of kindergarten instructional capabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic is Highly Capable. This study concludes that Kindergarten teachers are not significantly comparable in the performance of their instructional capabilities at certain times and at certain functions. Still, there are times and cases when they are, on the other hand, comparable, and the Kindergarten teacher's level of instructional capabilities is dependent upon or affected or caused by age, highest educational attainment, and the number of relevant training in the division levels. The study recommended that Kindergarten teachers should take the initiative to pursue the highest academic degree, which is the graduate studies and doctoral degree, and should undergo professional upgrading through higher levels of training and seminar workshops; teachers should formulate a suitable plan and continue to implement sound strategies to meet the demand for new standard education, teachers and parents must have a collaborative effort in keeping track of learner's everyday activities and give strategic intervention to monitor learners' progress, and stakeholders may work with the teachers in addressing the issues and concerns they face as they shift to the new standard teaching practices. In addition, a similar study should be conducted, taking into consideration other factors and more appropriate and relevant variables to better determine the level of instructional capabilities of Kindergarten teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: College students have increasing mental health needs; however, there has not been a related increase in services available. Mental health apps offer an avenue to support access to student mental healthcare. Objective: This study incorporated an indirect service-learning project involving evaluating and recommending mental health apps to the college counseling center into an undergraduate clinical psychology course in order to (1) increase student self-efficacy and depth of learning, and (2) increase evidence-based mental health app usage on a college campus. Method: The project was implemented during an online, synchronous 3-week course and 15 students participated in the study. Student self-report of self-efficacy was measured pre- and post-course and quantitative and qualitative reflections on the project were gathered post-course. Results: Student self-efficacy increased from pre- to post-course. Additionally, students reported that the project met pedagogical objectives by engaging students, aligning with course content, and addressing APA learning goals. Conclusion: The project holds promise as a means to improve student self-efficacy and enhance clinical psychology learning, while simultaneously disseminating evidence-based digital mental tools on college campuses. Teaching Implications: App evaluation as indirect service-learning could be implemented in many applied psychology courses across multiple of course formats and lengths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, with significant adverse health consequences in the presence or absence of anaemia. Total dose intravenous iron replacement is recommended for replacement of iron in patients with severe iron deficiency, especially in the presence of anaemia, intolerance or inefficacy following oral iron, or states of inflammation where upregulation of hepcidin may impair gastrointestinal absorption of iron. Currently, available intravenous iron formulations have been demonstrated to have an excellent overall safety profile, but potential adverse effects, including skin staining, infusion‐related reactions and hypophosphataemia, have been described. Knowledge of differences in administration and safety profiles of currently available iron formulations will allow appropriate prescription, counselling, as well as recognition and management of adverse events in patients requiring intravenous iron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's and adolescents' narratives of interpersonal experiences can inform our understanding of developmental shifts in the use of personhood concepts. We present results from two studies ("n"s = 90, 112) with children aged five to 16 years. In the first study, children were asked to describe one positive and another negative experience with a friend, and in the second study, to describe a time when they were a victim and another time when they were a perpetrator of harm. Across both studies, results supported previous findings suggesting that psychological, relational, trait, and identity personhood conceptions become more prominent with age, whereas activity, physical, and material conceptions become less prominent with age. However, our results also revealed that, within the context of real-life experiences, psychological conceptions become evident at earlier ages than suggested by children's responses to the structured tasks employed in previous research. In addition, we found age-related increases in the "simultaneous" use of psychological and relational conceptions of persons, especially in narratives of negative experiences. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for social development.

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between the cause or severity of hypotension and the development of severe ROP (sROP) (≥stage 3 or stage 2 with plus disease in zone I or II).Study designInfants (

Work on Stanley Cavell in contemporary political theory tends to foreground Cavell's reading of Emersonian moral perfectionism, but this aspect of Cavell's thought is often left out of feminist readings of his work. In this paper, I give an overview of Cavell's importance to political theory, and I also trace two Cavellian-inspired feminisms: Sandra Laugier's ordinary language inflected ethics of care and Toril Moi's understanding of feminist theory as the close and careful reading of examples. I argue that Cavellian-Emersonian moral perfectionism enhances these feminist readings of Cavell because it helps us explain certain practices in feminist activism, such as resisting conformity, acknowledging the limits of our understanding and being receptive to other members of our feminist community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the management of ulcerative colitis (UC), emphasizing the pivotal role of GPs in addressing the physical, social and mental health consequences of UC and its treatment. UC, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, is becoming increasingly prevalent in Australia, with a substantial impact on patients' quality of life. The treatment of UC has evolved significantly with biologic-based therapies and small molecule inhibitors and a multidisciplinary approach.

Study Design.: Cadaveric study. Background Context.: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) represents a well-documented operative surgical technique utilized in the management of lumbar pathology requiring interbody arthrodesis. The microstructural properties of impaction grafting (IG) after TLIF has yet to be reported. Purpose.: The current study was designed first, to quantify the degree, to which IG augmentation would increase intrabody final bone volume and bone graft surface contact area with the endplates; secondly to quantify the volumes of locally harvested bone and bone needed for maximal impaction. Materials and Methods.: Three cadaveric lumbosacral spine specimens were dissected into L1-L2, L3-L4, and L5-S1 motion segments for a total of 9 functional spinal units. Each interbody unit underwent a TLIF procedure with the implantation of an interbody spacer containing autogenous morselized bone. Microcomputed tomography scans were then performed to evaluate the final bone volume and bone surface contact area (BSCA). Subsequently, IG augmented TLIF procedure was carried and microcomputed tomography scans were repeated. Results.: IG augmentation of TLIF exhibited a 346% increase in final bone volume (TLIF: 0.30 ± 0.07 cm3; IG-TLIF: 1.34 ± 0.42 cm3; P < 0.05) and a 152% increase in BSCA (TLIF: 45.06 ± 15.47%; IG-TLIF: 68.28 ± 6.85%; P < 0.05) when compared with the nonimpacted TLIF treatment. In addition, the average amount of autogenous bone collected was 8.21±2.08 cm3, which sufficiently fulfilled the requirements for bone grafting (TLIF: 1.23 ± 0.40 cm3; IG-TLIF 6.42 ± 1.20 cm3). Conclusions.: IG augmentation of TLIF significantly improved final bone volume in the disc space and BSCA with vertebral endplates in vitro. Clinical Significance.: Greater BSCA and final volume of bone graft reflect promisingly on their potential to increase fusion rates. Clinical studies will be needed to corroborate these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intravenous iron infusions offer a safe and efficacious alternative to oral iron for the replacement of iron in selected patients with iron deficiency, with or without anaemia. Intravenous iron formulations differ in recommended infusion rate, maximum dose per infusion and adverse effect profile, giving clinicians a choice for administration in the outpatient setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study compared the peer relationships and well-being of 60 sexual-minority (i.e., non-heterosexual) and 65 heterosexual youths between the ages of 15 and 23. Sexual-minority youths had comparable self-esteem, mastery, and perceived stress as did heterosexuals, but greater negative affect. Younger sexual-minority male adolescents had smaller overall peer networks than did young male heterosexuals, whereas older male and female sexual minorities had larger numbers of extremely close friends within their networks than did heterosexuals. Younger sexual-minority adolescents had lost or drifted away from more friends than did heterosexuals. Regardless of age, sexual-minority youths reported disproportionately high worries about losing friends, low feelings of control in their romantic relationships, and fears of never finding the type of romantic relationship they wanted. Sexual-minority youths that were out to more heterosexual peers had larger peer networks but more friendship loss and friendship worries. Youths' relationship experiences and concerns mediated sexual identity differences in negative affect.