Search

Craniopharyngiomas and ameloblastomas are tumors of epithelial origin, mostly characterized by a benign course, slow growth and for being locally invasive. Some studies highlight the similarity of these neoplasms, especially regarding histopathological aspects. In this context, the aim of the present study was to carry out a systematic literature review correlating the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological aspects of these two tumors.Searches were conducted at the Pubmed, Periódicos Capes, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Scielo databases, according to the following inclusion criteria: publications in English or Spanish, from the 2000s and 2021, comprising case report studies, case series and literature reviews.Considering clinical and radiographic aspects, it is evident that craniopharyngiomas and ameloblastomas exhibit few similarities. Histopathologically, however, adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas are the type of tumor that most resembles ameloblastomas, both concerning the formation of palisade epithelial cords and epithelial formations. Regarding to recurrences in cases of craniopharyngioma, it appears that a more radical surgical resection is more related to a lower recurrence rate for both craniopharyngiomas and ameloblastomas. As for the outcome, it was observed that craniopharyngiomas have a greater relationship with possible systemic disorders.This histopathological similarity is related to their origin, since both craniopharyngiomas and ameloblastomas share a relationship with the oral cavity, either partially, as in the case of craniopharyngiomas, or totally, as in ameloblastomas, not comprising the same lesion in different locations. It is important to note that the differential morphogenetic evidence observed herein between these lesions opens up a new field of study aiming at better treatment alternatives in the future.

Cone beam computed tomography is widely used in dentistry, due to its easy accessibility, low cost and better accuracy compared to medical tomography. The present study aims to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the evaluation of jaw bones using cone beam computed tomography. A bibliographic search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science. At the end of the analysis, 10 articles published between 1998 and 2015 were included. Cone beam computed tomography is a precise and fast method, used to evaluate digital images in high resolution, with sharpness, precision. In addition, the acquisition of these images is essential to measure bone elements, in quantity and quality. It should also be noted that the forecast of bone strength will depend on several factors, such as bone density and microarchitecture. Thus, the professional and reduces the likelihood of making mistakes, which interfere with the prognosis of dental treatment.

The aim of this study was to synthesize and investigate the in vitro antifungal properties of 23 cinnamyl Schiff bases. In addition, cytotoxic effects of such cinnamyl Schiff bases against human lung, kidney or red blood cells were also checked. The compounds were synthesized in a single-step, 2 min of reaction under microwave irradiation produced up to 97% yield. Six of the 23 cinnamyl Schiff bases possessed antifungal activities against strains of Candida, Aspergillus, Fonsecaea and, particularly, Cryptococcus species. Indeed, cinnamyl Schiff bases 1 and 23 exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values more than twofold lower than fluconazole (FCZ) against all the Cryptococcus neoformans strains (MIC = 1·33, 1·4 and 5·2 µg ml-1 , respectively) and Cryptococcus gattii strains (MIC = 5·3, 2·8 and 9·2 µg ml-1 , respectively) (12 strains of each species) while cinnamyl Schiff base 11 was as potent as FCZ against all strains from both Cryptococcus species. No significant cytotoxic effects were observed for Schiff bases against human lung, kidney or red blood cells, all presenting selective indexes higher than 10. In conclusion, this study revealed cinnamyl Schiff bases, especially 1 and 23, as new lead anticryptococcal agents for the discovery of novel antifungal drugs. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The occurrence and severity of fungal infections have increased in recent decades due to resistance to available antifungal drugs and the appearance of new emerging pathogens. Thus, the search for new antifungal agents is mandatory. From a series of 23 cinnamyl Schiff bases, two compounds (1 and 23) were interrogated as new anticryptococcal agents without significant cytotoxicity against human lung, kidney or red blood cells. In turns, these new Schiff bases are lead compounds for the discovery of novel antifungal drugs.

A dentição decídua é fundamental para que ocorra um bom desempenho nas funções mastigatórias, deglutição, fonação e oclusão. Existem vários fatores que podem interferir no equilíbrio do desenvolvimento da dentição decídua e/ou mista, dentre esses fatores destacam-se a perda prematura dos decíduos. O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura abordando a utilização de mantenedores e recuperadores de espaço na odontologia. De acordo com a literatura foi observado que os mantenedores de espaço são dispositivos ortodônticos utilizados a fim de substituírem um ou mais dentes decíduos, preservando o espaço destinado ao dente permanente sucessor. Eles são classificados em, funcionais e não funcionais e fixos e removíveis, sendo selecionados de acordo com a idade do paciente e número de dentes perdidos. Já os recuperadores são dispositivos ortodônticos dinâmicos, e a sua finalidade é recuperar espaços que foram perdidos após a exodontia dos dentes decíduos. É fundamental que o cirurgião-dentista realize um diagnóstico precoce dos problemas decorrentes do espaço nas dentições decíduas ou mistas, conhecendo os fatores etiológicos envolvidos na perda prematura, bem como, as opções de tratamento ortodôntico disponíveis.

Introdução: a mucosite é um dos efeitos colaterais mais comuns que se manifestam durante os tratamentos quimioterápicos contra cânceres severos. Tais tratamentos têm como fármaco de destaque o 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Contudo, pacientes submetidos a tratamentos anticâncer que incluem 5-FU e outras drogas citotóxicas na quimioterapia sofrem com os severos efeitos colaterais. Objetivos: avaliar qual é, atualmente, o tratamento mais promissor, em modelo animal, para prevenir a mucosite intestinal induzida pelo 5-FU. Metodologia: uma pesquisa digital foi realizada nas principais bases de dados online da área da saúde, tais como: “Pubmed”, “BVS”, “ScienceDirect”, “SciELO” e MEDLINE”. A estratégia de busca em todas as bases de dados foi digitar os descritores “treatment AND intestinal mucositis AND 5-Fluorouracil”. Resultados: encontrou-se 191 artigos. Após a análise dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 51 artigos foram escolhidos para análise minuciosa da metodologia e resultados. Quanto aos parâmetros de análise dos artigos desta revisão, constarão: a metodologia empregada; os possíveis vieses de estudo; e os resultados obtidos das análises histológicas, enzimática, de citosinas e, sobretudo, clínicas. Foram analisados os grupos trabalhos que utilizaram as substâncias: probióticos; fitoterápicos; alopáticos; selênio e outras. Conclusão: foi possível perceber resultados mais promissores no grupo dos probióticos, com destaque para o Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae).