Search

Abstract Using 7.33 fb −1 of e + e − collision data samples collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.128 and 4.226 GeV, we search for the radiative decay D s + → γρ 770 + $$ {D}_s^{+}\to \gamma \rho {(770)}^{+} $$ for the first time. A hint of D s + → γρ 770 + $$ {D}_s^{+}\to \gamma \rho {(770)}^{+} $$ is observed with a statistical significance of 2.5σ. The branching fraction of D s + → γρ 770 + $$ {D}_s^{+}\to \gamma \rho {(770)}^{+} $$ is measured to be (2.2 ± 0.9stat. ± 0.2syst. ) × 10 −4, corresponding to an upper limit of 6.1 × 10 −4 at the 90% confidence level.

Abstract The close spatial and temporal connection between osteogenesis and angiogenesis around type H vasculature is referred as “osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling”, which is one of the basic mechanisms of osteogenesis. Endothelial cells (ECs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and their specific lineage constitute important cluster that participate in the regulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone microenvironment. However, the regulatory mechanism of osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling under the condition of bone healing has not been unveiled. In this study, we demonstrated that the exosome derived from ECs (EC-exo) is an initiator of type H blood vessels formation, and EC-exo acts as a mediator in orchestrating osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling by enhancing BMSC osteogenic differentiation and EC angiogenesis both in monolayer and stereoscopic co-culture system of primary human cells. The transcriptome array indicated that zinc finger and BTB domain containing 16 (ZBTB16) is a key gene in EC-exo-mediated osteogenesis, and ZBTB16 is indispensable in EC-exo-initiated osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling. Mechanistically, EC-exo up-regulated the expression of ZBTB16 in BMSCs, thereby promoting osteoprogenitor phenotype transformation; the osteoprogenitors further promote ECs which constitute type H vessel (H-ECs) generation by activating HIF-1α pathway; and the H-ECs conversely promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The crosstalk between BMSCs and ECs triggered by EC-exo constitutes a positive feedback loop that enhances osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling. This study demonstrates that EC-exo can become an effective therapeutic tool to promote bone regeneration and repair. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Background For decades, KRAS has always been a huge challenge to the field of drug discovery for its significance in cancer progression as well as its difficulties in being targeted as an “undruggable” protein. KRAS regulates downstream signaling pathways through protein–protein interactions, whereas many interaction partners of KRAS remain unknown. Results We developed a workflow to computationally predict and experimentally validate the potential KRAS-interacting proteins based on the interaction mode of KRAS and its known binding partners. We extracted 17 KRAS-interacting motifs from all experimentally determined KRAS-containing protein complexes as queries to identify proteins containing fragments structurally similar to the queries in the human protein structure database using our in-house protein–protein interaction prediction method, PPI-Miner. Finally, out of the 78 predicted potential interacting proteins of KRAS, 10 were selected for experimental validation, including BRAF, a previously reported interacting protein, which served as the positive control in our validation experiments. Additionally, a known peptide that binds to KRAS, KRpep-2d, was also used as a positive control. The predicted interacting motifs of these 10 proteins were synthesized to perform biolayer interferometry assays, with 4 out of 10 exhibiting binding affinities to KRAS, and the strongest, GRB10, was selected for further validation. Additionally, the interaction between GRB10 (RA-PH domain) and KRAS was confirmed via immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation. Conclusions These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our workflow in predicting potential interacting proteins for KRAS and deepen the understanding of KRAS-driven tumor mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies.

Abstract ENO1, also called 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase in cellular glycolysis, is an enzyme that converts 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and plays an important role in the Warburg effect. In various tumors, ENO1 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis. ENO1 is a multifunctional oncoprotein that, when located on the cell surface, acts as a “moonlighting protein” to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. When located intracellularly, ENO1 facilitates glycolysis to dysregulate cellular energy and sustain tumor proliferation. Additionally, it promotes tumor progression by activating oncogenic signaling pathways. ENO1 is a tumor biomarker and represents a promising target for tumor therapy. This review summarizes recent advances from 2020 to 2024 in understanding the relationship between ENO1 and tumors and explores the latest targeted therapeutic strategies involving ENO1.

Abstract Using e + e − collision data collected by the BESIII detector at BEPCII corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 30 fb −1, we measure Born cross sections and effective form factors for the process e + e − → Ξ 0 Ξ ¯ 0 $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Xi}^0{\overline{\Xi}}^0 $$ at forty-five center-of-mass energies between 3.51 and 4.95 GeV. The dressed cross section is fitted, assuming a power-law function plus a charmonium(-like) state, i.e., ψ(3770), ψ(4040), ψ(4160), ψ(4230), ψ(4360), ψ(4415) or ψ(4660). No significant charmonium(-like) state decaying into Ξ 0 Ξ ¯ 0 $$ {\Xi}^0{\overline{\Xi}}^0 $$ is observed. Upper limits at the 90% confidence level on the product of the branching fraction and the electronic partial width are provided for each decay. In addition, ratios of the Born cross sections and the effective form factors for e + e − → Ξ 0 Ξ ¯ 0 $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Xi}^0{\overline{\Xi}}^0 $$ and e + e − → Ξ − Ξ ¯ + $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Xi}^{-}{\overline{\Xi}}^{+} $$ are also presented to test isospin symmetry and the vector meson dominance model.

Abstract Diazotrophic cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen gas (N2) but are usually scarce in nitrogen-limited coastal waters, which poses an apparent ecological paradox. One hypothesis is that high salinities (> 10 g/L NaCl) may inhibit cyanobacterial N2 fixation. However, here we show that N2 fixation in a unicellular coastal cyanobacterium exclusively depends on sodium ions and is inhibited at low NaCl concentrations (

Abstract Orthopedic implants have faced challenges in treating bone defects due to various factors, including inadequate osseointegration, oxidative stress, bacterial infection, immunological rejection, and poor individualized treatment. These challenges profoundly affect both the results of treatment and patients' daily lives. There is great promise for the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly method in tissue engineering. The method primarily relies on electrostatic attraction and entails the consecutive deposition of electrolyte complexes with opposite charges onto a substrate, leading to the formation of homogeneous single layers that can be quickly deposited to produce nanolayer films. LbL has attracted considerable interest as a coating technology because of its ease of production, cost-effectiveness, and capability to apply diverse biomaterial coatings without compromising the primary bio-functional properties of the substrate materials. This review will look into the fundamentals and evolution of LbL in orthopedics, provide an analysis of the chemical strategy used to prepare bone implants with LbL and introduce the application of LbL bone implants in orthopedics over recent years. Among the many potential uses of LbL, such as the implementation of sustained-release and programmed drug delivery, which in turn promotes the osseointegration and the development of new blood vessels, as well as antibacterial, antioxidant, and other similar applications. In addition, we offer a thorough examination of cell behavior and biomaterial interaction to facilitate the advancement of next-generation LbL films for tissue engineering.

Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors. The aberration of metabolism is the important character of GBM cells and is tightly related to the malignancy of GBM. We mainly verified the regulatory effects of KHDRBS1, SNORD51 and ZBED6 on pentose phosphate pathway and malignant biological behavior in glioblastoma cells, such as proliferation, migration and invasion. KHDRBS1 and SNORD51 were upregulated in GBM tissues and cells. But ZBED6 had opposite tendency in GBM tissues and cells. KHDRBS1 may improve the stability of SNORD51 by binding to SNORD51, thus elevating the expression of SNORD51. More importantly, SNORD51 can competitively bind to WDR33 with 3’UTR of ZBED6 pre-mRNA which can inhibit the 3’ end processing of ZBED6 pre-mRNA, thereby inhibiting the expression of ZBED6 mRNA. ZBED6 inhibited the transcription of G6PD by binding to the promoter region of G6PD. Therefore, the KHDRBS1/SNORD51/ZBED6 pathway performs an important part in regulating the pentose phosphate pathway to influence malignant biological behavior of GBM cells, providing new insights and potential targets for the treatment of GBM.

Introduction: The proportion of animal based foods in daily diet of consumers is constantly increasing, with chicken being highly favored due to its high protein and low fat characteristics. The consumption of chicken around the world is steadily increasing. Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a key indicator affecting meat quality. Object: High IMF content can contribute to improve the quality of chicken meat. The regulatory mechanism of IMF deposition in chicken is poorly understood, so its complete elucidation is essential to improve chicken meat quality. Method: Here, we performed whole genome resequencing on 516 yellow feather chickens and single-cell RNA sequencing on 3 63-day-old female JXY chickens. In addition, transcriptome sequencing techniques were also performed on breast muscle tissue of JXY chickens at different developmental stages. And 13C isotope tracing technique was applied. Results: In this study, a large-scale genetic analysis of an IMF-selected population and a control population identified fatty acid synthase (FASN) as a key gene for improving IMF content. Also, contrary to conventional view, de novo lipogenesis (DNL) was deemed to be an important contributor to IMF deposition. As expected, further analyses by isotope tracing and other techniques, confirmed that DNL mainly occurs in myocytes, contributing about 40% of the total fatty acids through the regulation of FASN, using the available FAs as substrates. Additionally, we also identified a relevant causal mutation in the FASN gene with effects on FA composition. Conclusion: These findings contribute to the understanding of fat metabolism in muscle tissue of poultry, and provide the feasible strategy for the production of high-quality chicken meat.

Abstract The branching fraction of D + → K S 0 π 0 e + ν e $$ {D}^{+}\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ is measured for the first time using 7.93 fb −1 of e + e − annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energy s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, and is determined to be B D + → K S 0 π 0 e + ν e = 0.881 ± 0.017 stat . ± 0.016 syst . % $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left(0.881\pm {0.017}_{\textrm{stat}.}\pm {0.016}_{\textrm{syst}.}\right)\% $$ . Based on an analysis of the D + → K S 0 π 0 e + ν e $$ {D}^{+}\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ decay dynamics, we observe the S-wave and P-wave components with fractions of f S-wave = (6.13 ± 0.27stat. ± 0.30syst. )% and f K ¯ ∗ 892 0 = 93.88 ± 0.27 stat . ± 0.29 syst . % $$ {f}_{{\overline{K}}^{\ast }{(892)}^0}=\left(93.88\pm {0.27}_{\textrm{stat}.}\pm {0.29}_{\textrm{syst}.}\right)\% $$ , respectively. From these results, we obtain the branching fractions B D + → K S 0 π 0 S − wave e + ν e = 5.41 ± 0.35 stat . ± 0.37 syst . × 10 − 4 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {\left({K}_S^0{\pi}^0\right)}_{S-\textrm{wave}}{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left(5.41\pm {0.35}_{\textrm{stat}.}\pm {0.37}_{\textrm{syst}.}\right)\times {10}^{-4} $$ and B D + → K ¯ ∗ 892 0 e + ν e = 4.97 ± 0.11 stat . ± 0.12 syst . % $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {\overline{K}}^{\ast }{(892)}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left(4.97\pm {0.11}_{\textrm{stat}.}\pm {0.12}_{\textrm{syst}.}\right)\% $$ . In addition, the hadronic form-factor ratios of D + → K ¯ ∗ 892 0 e + ν e $$ {D}^{+}\to {\overline{K}}^{\ast }{(892)}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ at q 2 = 0, assuming a single-pole dominance parameterization, are determined to be r V = V 0 A 1 0 = 1.43 ± 0.07 stat . ± 0.03 syst . $$ {r}_V=\frac{V(0)}{A_1(0)}=1.43\pm {0.07}_{\textrm{stat}.}\pm {0.03}_{\textrm{syst}.} $$ and r 2 = A 2 0 A 1 0 = 0.72 ± 0.06 stat . ± 0.02 syst . $$ {r}_2=\frac{A_2(0)}{A_1(0)}=0.72\pm {0.06}_{\textrm{stat}.}\pm {0.02}_{\textrm{syst}.} $$ .

Abstract Background This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of four indicators, including waist-to-height ratio (WHTR), vascular adiposity index (VAI), TG/HDL-C, and BMI/HDL-C for metabolic syndrome (MS) in Chinese adults aged 40 years and above. Additionally, the study aimed to develop an efficient diagnostic model displayed by a nomogram based on individual’s BMI and circulating HDL-C level. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 699 participants aged 40 years and above. Quartiles of BMI/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, VAI, and WHTR were used as independent variables, and metabolic syndrome was used as the dependent variable. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the impact of each parameter on the risk of MS. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics were compared to determine the accuracy of the indicators in diagnosing MS in the participants. Logistic regression was run to construct the nomograms, and the performance of the nomogram was assessed by a calibration curve. Results MS subjects had higher levels of BMI, BFM, PBF, VFA, AMC, WC, SCR, TG, and insulin, but lower LDH and HDL-C levels than the subjects without MS. The BMI/HDL-C ratio was positively correlated with the prevalence of MS and its components. The final diagnostic model included five variables: gender, BFM, WC, TG, and BMI/HDL-C. The model showed good calibration and discrimination power with an AUC of 0.780. The cut-off value for the nomogram was 0.623 for diagnosing MS. Conclusions BMI/HDL-C ratio was an independent risk factor for MS in Chinese adults. BMI/HDL-C was significantly correlated with MS and its components. BMI/HDL-C was the most powerful diagnostic indicator compared to other indicators, including TG/HDL-C, VAI and WHTR for diagnosing MS. The nomogram drawn based on the diagnostic model provided a practical tool for diagnosing MS in Chinese adults.

Abstract Background Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Virchow’s triad elucidates the role of blood hypercoagulability, blood flow dynamics, and endothelial damage in the pathogenesis of CVT. Cerebral venous congestion (CVC) increases the risk of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and can lead to recurrent episodes and residual symptoms. However, the precise mechanism by which blood congestion leads to thrombosis remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the cellular and molecular alterations linked to CVC through analysis of the pathological morphology of venous sinus endothelial cells and transcriptomic profiling. Results This study demonstrated a remarkable correlation between CVC and the phenotypic transformation of endothelial cells from an anticoagulant to a procoagulant state. The findings revealed that cerebral venous stasis results in tortuous dilatation of the venous sinuses, with slow blood flow and elevated pressure in the sinuses and damaged endothelial cells of the retroglenoid and internal jugular vein ligation (JVL) rat model. Mechanistically, analysis of transcriptomic results of cerebral venous sinus endothelial cells showed significant activation of platelet activation, complement and coagulation cascades pathway in the JVL rats. Furthermore, the expression of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and coagulation factor VIII (F8) in the complement and coagulation cascades and Fgg and F2 in the platelet activation was increased in the cerebral venous sinuses of JVL rats than in sham rats, suggesting that endothelial cell injury in the venous sinus induced by CVC has a prothrombotic effect. In addition, endothelial cell damage accelerates coagulation and promotes platelet activation. Significantly, the concentrations of vWF, F2 and F8 in venous sinus blood of patients with internal jugular vein stenosis were higher than in their peripheral blood. Conclusion Collectively, our data suggest that CVC can induce endothelial cell damage, which then exhibits a procoagulant phenotype and ultimately increases the risk of CVT. This research contributes to our understanding of the pathophysiology of CVC associated with procoagulant factors and reexamines the components of Virchow’s triad in the context of CVC.

Abstract Objective To compare the levels of functional impairments, discomfort and satisfaction experienced by those treated with full-mouth customized lingual appliances (Lingual appliances), full-mouth self-ligating bracket (Labial appliances), or upper lingual and lower labial appliances (Mixed appliances) using questionnaires. Materials and methods Patients within one year of the end of treatment were included in the survey and given a questionnaire concerning different kinds of discomfort and difficulties during the treatment process. The questionnaires focused on the following aspects including speech difficulty, pain (lip, cheek or tongue), difficulty in chewing, difficulty in tooth brushing and overall aesthetics and comfortability. Ordinary one-way ANOVA Tukey’s multiple comparison tests and Kruskal–Wallis tests were employed to analyze the data. Results A total of 115 patients participated in the study. In terms of functional impairments and discomfort, the rate and degree of speech difficulty was significantly higher in the Lingual appliances Group than that in the Labial appliances Group. But there was no difference among the three groups for difficulty in chewing and tooth brushing. Both lingual and labial appliances caused a similar level of overall pain, however, those treated with lingual appliances experienced more tongue pain, and those treated with labial appliances experienced more cheek and lip pain. The most common sites of irritation were the tongue lateral and tongue tip in the Lingual appliances Group, tongue lateral and cheek in the Mixed appliances Group, and cheek and lower lip in the Labial appliances Group. In total, patients gave highest scores to mixed appliances for comfortability and lowest scores to labial appliances for aesthetics when it came to satisfaction. Conclusions Lingual and labial appliances caused similar level of overall pain. Taking into account the overall comfortability, aesthetics and cost, the mixed appliances may be suitable for some patients who have aesthetic and comfort pursuits.

Case presentation A 47-year-old Asian woman was admitted with worsening chest tightness and dyspnea for 10 days. Computed tomography (CT) showed changes in the trachea and segmental bronchi. Pulmonary function results suggestive of severe obstructive ventilatory dysfunction. Bronchoscopic findings showed the presence of multiple nodular lesions in the patient’s trachea and left and right main bronchi. Bronchoscopic biopsy, lymph node biopsy and bone marrow aspiration flow cytometry test results led to a definitive diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), staged as Binet stage B and Rai stage 2.

Abstract Oxidative stress (OS) is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to identify genes related to both OS and MDD, and further to evaluate the utility of these genes as diagnostic markers and potential treatment targets. We searched datasets related to MDD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) also related to OS according to GeneCards. Bioinformatics analyses and machine learning algorithms were used to identify hub genes mediating OS–MDD interactions. A summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) approach was employed to identify possible causal genes for MDD from blood tissue eQLT data. These investigations identified 32 genes mediating OS–MDD interactions, while SMR analysis identified KCNE1 (OR = 1.057, 95%CI = 1.013–1.102, P value = 0.010), MAPK3 (OR = 1.023, 95%CI = 1.004–1.043, P value = 0.020), and STIP1 (OR = 0.792, 95%CI = 0.641–0.979, P value = 0.031) as OS-related causal genes for MDD. These genes may thus serve as useful diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets.

Abstract As frontline cells, the precise recruitment of neutrophils is crucial for resolving inflammation and maintaining the homeostasis of the organism. Increasing evidence suggests the pivotal role of neutrophil chemotaxis in cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we collected clinical data and peripheral blood samples from patients with tumours to examine the alterations in the neutrophil quantity and chemotactic function using the Cell Chemotaxis Analysis Platform (CCAP). Transcriptome sequencing data of pan-cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model, we selected a total of 29 genes from 155 neutrophil- and chemotaxis-related genes to construct the ChemoScore model. Meanwhile, nomogram-based comprehensive model was established for clinical application. Furthermore, immunofluorescence (IF) staining was employed to assess the relationship between the neutrophils infiltrating and the survival outcomes of tumours. In this observational study, the chemotactic function of neutrophils was notably diminished in patients. The establishment and validation of ChemoScore suggested neutrophil chemotaxis to be a risk factor in most tumours, whereby higher scores were associated with poorer survival outcomes and were correlated with various immune cells and malignant biological processes. Moreover, IF staining of tumour tissue substantiated the adverse correlation between neutrophil infiltration and the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0002) and colon adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0472). Taken together, patients with tumours demonstrated a decrease in chemotactic function. ChemoScore potentially prognosticates the survival of patients with tumours. Neutrophil chemotaxis provides novel directions and theoretical foundations for anti-tumour treatment.

Abstract Green and sustainable development is unstoppable. The digital economy has driven great changes in production methods and has become a key strength in reshaping global economic structure and achieving sustainable development. Cities are both the mainstay of economic growth and the main source of various environmental pollution problems. Therefore, studying the relationship between urban digital economy and urban green total factor productivity is of great significance. Based on panel data from 252 cities in China 2011–2019, a two-way fixed effects model was used to examine the impact of urban digital economy on urban green total factor productivity. The empirical results indicate that: (1) Urban digital economy has a significant positive impact on urban green total factor productivity. (2) Urban technological-innovation-level and human-capital-structure of play a mediating role in the impact. (3) This impact has regional heterogeneity and resource-based type heterogeneity. The research conclusions are not only valuable supplements to previous research, but also providing reliable instructions for implementing a flexible digital economy policy.

Abstract Aims This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of circular RNAs' (circRNAs) potential involvement in myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI). Methods and results Differently expressed genes in myocardial infarction (MI) were identified by screening the GEO database. Serum was collected from MI patients and healthy volunteers (n = 5 for each group). AC16 cells were cultured and exposed to hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) treatment for the cell experiments. Then candidate genes were validated in human serum and the H/R model. Quantitative real‐time PCR and western blot were used to detect expression of key molecules such as circDGKZ, miR‐345‐5p, and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), as well as pyroptosis markers such as NOD‐like receptor thermal protein domain‐associated protein 3 (NLRP3), ASC, C‐caspase1, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐18. CircDGKZ was positively correlated in human serum (P

With the economic development and people's needs, China's dairy industry has developed rapidly. China has become one of the largest dairy markets in the world. As a core backbone course of dairy major, the Dairy Technology course has to carry out ideological and political education when the state advocates to start the new engineering construction and ideological and political education. Taking the ideological and political education in Dairy Technology course of Northeast Agricultural University for example, this paper introduces the design ideas and specific teaching reform content of ideological and political education. It also provides a reference for ideological and political education construction in dairy related majors courses.

Abstract Background It is difficult to detect the outbreak of emergency infectious disease based on the exiting surveillance system. Here we investigate the utility of the Baidu Search Index, an indicator of how large of a keyword is in Baidu’s search volume, in the early warning and predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19. Methods The daily number of cases and the Baidu Search Index of 8 keywords (weighted by population) from December 1, 2019 to March 15, 2020 were collected and analyzed with times series and Spearman correlation with different time lag. To predict the daily number of COVID-19 cases using the Baidu Search Index, Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used in phase 1 and negative binomial regression model was used in phase 2 and phase 3 based on the characteristic of independent variable. Results The Baidu Search Index of all keywords in Wuhan was significantly higher than Hubei (excluded Wuhan) and China (excluded Hubei). Before the causative pathogen was identified, the search volume of “Influenza” and “Pneumonia” in Wuhan increased with the number of new onset cases, their correlation coefficient was 0.69 and 0.59, respectively. After the pathogen was public but before COVID-19 was classified as a notifiable disease, the search volume of “SARS”, “Pneumonia”, “Coronavirus” in all study areas increased with the number of new onset cases with the correlation coefficient was 0.69 ~ 0.89, while “Influenza” changed to negative correlated (rs: -0.56 ~ -0.64). After COVID-19 was closely monitored, the Baidu Search Index of “COVID-19”, “Pneumonia”, “Coronavirus”, “SARS” and “Mask” could predict the epidemic trend with 15 days, 5 days and 6 days lead time, respectively in Wuhan, Hubei (excluded Wuhan) and China (excluded Hubei). The predicted number of cases would increase 1.84 and 4.81 folds, respectively than the actual number of cases in Wuhan and Hubei (excluded Wuhan) from 21 January to 9 February. Conclusion The Baidu Search Index could be used in the early warning and predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19, but the search keywords changed in different period. Considering the time lag from onset to diagnosis, especially in the areas with medical resources shortage, internet search data can be a highly effective supplement of the existing surveillance system.

Abstract By analyzing e + e − annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb −1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, the first observation of the semileptonic decays D 0 → K S 0 π − π 0 e + ν e $$ {D}^0\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{-}{\pi}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ and D + → K S 0 π + π − e + ν e $$ {D}^{+}\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ is reported. In the hypothesis that all events correspond to K 1(1270) decays, the branching fractions are measured to be B D 0 → K 1 1270 − → K S 0 π − π 0 e + ν e = 1.69 − 0.46 + 0.53 ± 0.15 × 10 − 4 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^0\to {K}_1{(1270)}^{-}\left(\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{-}{\pi}^0\right){e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left({1.69}_{-0.46}^{+0.53}\pm 0.15\right)\times {10}^{-4} $$ and B D + → K ¯ 1 1270 0 → K S 0 π + π − e + ν e = 1.47 − 0.40 + 0.45 ± 0.14 × 10 − 4 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {\overline{K}}_1{(1270)}^0\left(\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right){e}^{+}{\nu}^e\right)=\left({1.47}_{-0.40}^{+0.45}\pm 0.14\right)\times {10}^{-4} $$ with statistical significance of 5.4σ and 5.6σ, respectively. When combined with measurements of the K 1(1270) → K + π − π decays, the absolute branching fractions are determined to be B D 0 → K 1 1270 − e + ν e = 1.08 − 0.13 − 0.10 + 0.14 + 0.08 ± 0.21 × 10 − 3 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^0\to {K}_1{(1270)}^{-}{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left({1.08}_{-0.13-0.10}^{+0.14+0.08}\pm 0.21\right)\times {10}^{-3} $$ and B D + → K ¯ 1 1270 0 e + ν e = 1.70 − 0.23 + 0.26 ± 0.13 ± 0.35 × 10 − 3 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {\overline{K}}_1{(1270)}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left({1.70}_{-0.23}^{+0.26}\pm 0.13\pm 0.35\right)\times {10}^{-3} $$ . The first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively, and the third uncertainties originate from the assumed branching fractions of the K 1(1270) → Kππ decays.

Abstract Objective This study aims to examine the impact of nurses’ nursing information competence on their creative self-efficacy and innovation behavior, and to investigate its role as a mediating factor between these two elements. Methods A survey was conducted from July to September 2023 involving 1,200 nurses from two tertiary-level oncology specialty hospitals in Beijing, selected through convenience sampling. Instruments used included the Creative Self-Efficacy Scale, Nursing Information Competence Assessment Scale, and Nurses’ Innovative Behavior Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 and R 4.1.2; AMOS26 was used to construct structural equation models and Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating hypotheses. Results Out of the distributed questionnaires, 1,166 were valid, yielding an effective response rate of 97.16%. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between innovation self-efficacy, nursing information competence, and nurses’ innovative behaviors (P

Abstract Background Larch is an important timber tree species. The traditional methods of tree genetic breeding have been progressing slowly. It is necessary to carry out gene function analysis and genetically modified breeding research. The NAC transcription factor family is a plant-specific transcription factor family with various biological functions, as shown in recent research. However, there are few studies on the NAC gene among gymnosperm coniferous species. Results LoNAC3 with complete cds was identified and isolated from the cDNA of Larix olgensis based on transcriptome data. The cDNA length of LoNAC3 is 1185 bp, encoding 394 amino acids, with a conserved NAM domain located at the N-terminus, and subcellular localization in the nucleus. The results of real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that at different growth stages and in different tissues of L. olgensis, the relative expression level of LoNAC3 was highest in the needles. After drought, salt, alkali stress and hormone treatment, expression was induced to different degrees. The expression level of LoNAC3 was significantly increased under drought and salt conditions. The relative expression level changed under methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. By observing the phenotype of overexpressed LoNAC3 tobacco, it was found that overexpressed tobacco is shorter and blooms earlier than wild-type tobacco. Under abiotic stress, LoNAC3 overexpressed tobacco has lower germination rates and poorer growth status. Transgenic tobacco under stress treatment has a higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content than wild-type tobacco, while peroxidase (POD) activity is lower than wild-type tobacco. Conclusions Through the analysis of LoNAC3 sequence and promoter expression, it can be concluded that LoNAC3 is involved in the drought and salt stress response processes of L. olgensis, and is induced by ABA and MeJA expression. Overexpression of LoNAC3 leads to stunted tobacco growth and negatively regulates its tolerance to drought and salt stress through the reactive oxygen species pathway. The preliminary analysis of the expression pattern and function of the LoNAC3 can provide a theoretical basis and high-quality materials for genetic improvement of larch in later stages.

In recent years, the issue of PM2.5-O3 compound pollution has become a significant global environmental concern. This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of global PM2.5-O3 compound pollution and exposure risks, firstly at the global and urban scale, using spatial statistical regression, exposure risk assessment, and trend analyses based on the datasets of daily PM2.5 and surface O3 concentrations monitored in 120 cities around the world from 2019 to 2022. Additionally, on the basis of the common emission sources, spatial heterogeneity, interacting chemical mechanisms, and synergistic exposure risk levels between PM2.5 and O3 pollution, we proposed a synergistic PM2.5-O3 control framework for the joint control of PM2.5 and O3. The results indicated that: (1) Nearly 50% of cities worldwide were affected by PM2.5-O3 compound pollution, with China, South Korea, Japan, and India being the global hotspots for PM2.5-O3 compound pollution; (2) Cities with PM2.5-O3 compound pollution have exposure risk levels dominated by ST + ST (Stabilization) and ST + HR (High Risk). Exposure risk levels of compound pollution in developing countries are significantly higher than those in developed countries, with unequal exposure characteristics; (3) The selected cities showed significant positive spatial correlations between PM2.5 and O3 concentrations, which were consistent with the spatial distribution of the precursors NOx and VOCs; (4) During the study period, 52.5% of cities worldwide achieved synergistic reductions in annual average PM2.5 and O3 concentrations. The average PM2.5 concentration in these cities decreased by 13.97%, while the average O3 concentration decreased by 19.18%. This new solution offers the opportunity to construct intelligent and healthy cities in the upcoming low–carbon transition.

Abstract Using e + e − annihilation data sets corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb −1, collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV, we report the first measurements of the absolute branching fractions B Λ c + → p K L 0 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to p{K}_L^0\right) $$ = (1.67 ± 0.06 ± 0.04)%, B Λ c + → p K L 0 π + π − $$ \mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to p{K}_L^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right) $$ = (1.69 ± 0.10 ± 0.05)%, and B Λ c + → p K L 0 π 0 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to p{K}_L^0{\pi}^0\right) $$ = (2.02 ± 0.13 ± 0.05)%, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. Combining with the known branching fractions of Λ c + → p K S 0 $$ {\Lambda}_c^{+}\to p{K}_S^0 $$ , Λ c + → p K S 0 π + π − $$ {\Lambda}_c^{+}\to p{K}_S^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-} $$ , and Λ c + → p K S 0 π 0 $$ {\Lambda}_c^{+}\to p{K}_S^0{\pi}^0 $$ , we present the first measurements of the K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ - K L 0 $$ {K}_L^0 $$ asymmetries R Λ c + K S , L 0 X = B Λ c + → K S 0 X − B Λ c + → K L 0 X B Λ c + → K S 0 X + B Λ c + → K L 0 X $$ R\left({\Lambda}_c^{+},{K}_{S,L}^0X\right)=\frac{\mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to {K}_S^0X\right)-\mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to {K}_L^0X\right)}{\mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to {K}_S^0X\right)+\mathcal{B}\left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\to {K}_L^0X\right)} $$ in charmed baryon decays: R Λ c + p K S , L 0 = − 0.025 ± 0.031 $$ R\left({\Lambda}_c^{+},p{K}_{S,L}^0\right)=-0.025\pm 0.031 $$ , R Λ c + p K S , L 0 π + π − = − 0.027 ± 0.048 $$ R\left({\Lambda}_c^{+},p{K}_{S,L}^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)=-0.027\pm 0.048 $$ and R Λ c + p K S , L 0 π 0 = − 0.015 ± 0.046 $$ R\left({\Lambda}_c^{+},p{K}_{S,L}^0{\pi}^0\right)=-0.015\pm 0.046 $$ . No significant asymmetries with statistical significance are observed.

Abstract Epigenetic alterations, such as those in chromatin structure and DNA methylation, have been extensively studied in a number of tumor types. But oral cancer, particularly oral adenocarcinoma, has received far less attention. Here, we combined laser-capture microdissection and muti-omics mini-bulk sequencing to systematically characterize the epigenetic landscape of oral cancer, including chromatin architecture, DNA methylation, H3K27me3 modification, and gene expression. In carcinogenesis, tumor cells exhibit reorganized chromatin spatial structures, including compromised compartment structures and altered gene-gene interaction networks. Notably, some structural alterations are observed in phenotypically non-malignant paracancerous but not in normal cells. We developed transformer models to identify the cancer propensity of individual genome loci, thereby determining the carcinogenic status of each sample. Insights into cancer epigenetic landscapes provide evidence that chromatin reorganization is an important hallmark of oral cancer progression, which is also linked with genomic alterations and DNA methylation reprogramming. In particular, regions of frequent copy number alternations in cancer cells are associated with strong spatial insulation in both cancer and normal samples. Aberrant methylation reprogramming in oral squamous cell carcinomas is closely related to chromatin structure and H3K27me3 signals, which are further influenced by intrinsic sequence properties. Our findings indicate that structural changes are both significant and conserved in two distinct types of oral cancer, closely linked to transcriptomic alterations and cancer development. Notably, the structural changes remain markedly evident in oral adenocarcinoma despite the considerably lower incidence of genomic copy number alterations and lesser extent of methylation alterations compared to squamous cell carcinoma. We expect that the comprehensive analysis of epigenetic reprogramming of different types and subtypes of primary oral tumors can provide additional guidance to the design of novel detection and therapy for oral cancer.

Abstract Oxidized Organic Aerosol (OOA), a major component of fine atmospheric particles, impacts climate and human health. Previous experiments and atmospheric models emphasize the importance of nocturnal OOA formation from NO3· oxidation of biogenic VOCs. This seasonal study extends the understanding by showing that nocturnal oxidation of biomass-burning emissions can account for up to half of total OOA production in fall and winter. It is the first to distinguish nocturnal OOA characteristics from daytime OOA across all seasons using bulk aerosol measurements. Summer observations of nocturnal OOA align well with regional chemistry transport model predictions, but discrepancies in other seasons reveal a common model deficiency in representing biomass-burning emissions and their nocturnal oxidation. This study underscores the significance of near-ground nocturnal OOA production, proposes a method to differentiate it using bulk aerosol measurements, and suggests model optimization strategies. These findings enhance the understanding and prediction of nighttime OOA formation.

AbstractContext The effect of the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicines on the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s) is a critical factor that should be considered in TCM prescriptions. Physcion, the major active ingredient of Rheum spp. (Polygonaceae), possesses wide pharmacological activities.Objectives The effect of physcion on CYP450 activity was investigated to provide a theoretical basis for use.Materials and methods The experiments were conducted in pooled human liver microsomes (HLMs). The activity of CYP450 isoforms was evaluated with corresponding substrates and probe reactions. Blank HLMs were set as negative controls, and typical inhibitors were employed as positive controls. The inhibition model was fitted with Lineweaver Burk plots. The concentration (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μM physcion) and time-dependent (0, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min) effects of physcion were also assessed.Results Physcion suppressed CYP2C9, 2D6 and 3A4 in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 7.44, 17.84 and 13.50 μM, respectively. The inhibition of CYP2C9 and 2D6 was competitive with the Ki values of 3.69 and 8.66 μM, respectively. The inhibition of CYP3A4 was non-competitive with a Ki value of 6.70 μM. Additionally, only the inhibition of CYP3A4 was time-dependent with the KI and Kinact parameters of 3.10 μM−1 and 0.049 min−1, respectively.Conclusions The inhibition of CYP450s by physcion should be considered in its clinical prescription, and the study design can be employed to evaluate the interaction of CYP450s with other herbs.

The wheat fungal pathogens Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), P. striiformis f. sp. tritici, and P. triticina, causing stem, stripe, and leaf rust, respectively, pose a threat to global wheat production. Genetic resistance in the form of resistance (R) genes provides the best protection, but rust fungal populations change frequently by mutating avirulence (AVR) effectors matching specific R genes, thereby defeating resistance. Hence, characterization of AVR effectors is needed to understand the evolution of pathogen populations, provide insights for extending the effectiveness of R genes, and yield tools for the identification and isolation of R genes. Functional characterization of Avr genes in rust fungi is challenging in these biotrophic pathogens that lack a reliable and efficient transformation system. Studies indicate that the recently engineered foxtail mosaic virus (FoMV) shows promise as an expression system in cereals. In this study, we utilized two confirmed AVR effectors from Pgt, AVRSr35 and AVRSr50, to assess the applicability of FoMV for investigating rust fungus Avr genes. We showed that vector FoMV PV101 carrying PgtAvrSr35 induced a hypersensitive response (HR) in wheat having the corresponding Sr35 resistance gene. However, when carrying PgtAvrSr50, no HR or even mild viral symptoms were seen in a wheat line having Sr50, as this particular wheat line was not susceptible to FoMV. Several wheat cultivars did not support FoMV replication. The results here show that FoMV PV101 is effective as an expression vector for studying rust fungi AVR effectors, but its applicability relies on the susceptibility of wheat cultivars to FoMV. [Figure: see text] Copyright © 2024 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.

Developing new high-entropy rare-earth zirconate (HE-RE2Zr2O7) ceramics with low thermal conductivity is essential for thermal barrier coating materials. In this work, the average atomic spacings, interatomic forces, and average atomic masses of 16 rare-earth elements occupying the A site of the cubic A2B2O7 crystal structure were calculated by density functional theory. These three physical qualities, as vectors, characterize the corresponding rare-earth elements. The distance between two vectors quantitatively describes the difference between two rare-earth elements. For greater differences between two rare-earth elements, the disorder degree of HE-RE2Zr2O7 is greater, and therefore, the thermal conductivity is lower. According to the theoretical calculations, the thermal conductivity of the ceramics gradually increases in the order of (Sc0.2Y0.2La0.2Ho0.2Yb0.2)2Zr2O7, (Sc0.2Ce0.2Nd0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Zr2O7, (Sc0.2Y0.2Tm0.2Yb0.2Lu0.2)2Zr2O7, and (Sc0.2Er0.2Tm0.2Yb0.2Lu0.2)2Zr2O7. Using the solution precursor plasma spray method and pressureless sintering method, four types of HE-RE2Zr2O7 powder and bulk samples were prepared. The samples all showed a single defective fluorite structure with a uniform distribution of the elements and a stable phase structure. The thermal conductivities of the sintered HE-RE2Zr2O7 bulk samples ranged from 1.30 to 1.45 W·m−1·K−1 at 1400 °C, and their differences were consistent with the theoretical calculation results. Among the ceramics, (Sc0.2Y0.2La0.2Ho0.2Yb0.2)2Zr2O7 had the lowest thermal conductivity (1.30 W∙m−1∙K−1, 1400 °C), highest thermal expansion coefficient (10.19×10−6 K−1, 200–1400 °C), highest fracture toughness (1.69±0.28 MPa∙m1/2), and smallest brittleness index (3.03 μm−1/2). Therefore, (Sc0.2Y0.2La0.2Ho0.2Yb0.2)2Zr2O7 is considered to be an ideal candidate material for next-generation thermal barrier coating applications.

Abstract Objectives Parkinson disease (PD) is the third leading cause of mortality among middle‐aged and older individuals in China. This study aimed to explore the trends and distribution features of PD mortality in China from 2013 to 2021 and make predictions for the next few decades. Methods Relevant data were obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Disease Surveillance Point system. The joinpoint regression model was used to evaluate trends. The R software was used to predict future trends. Results Age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of PD increased from 0.59 per 100,000 individuals to 1.22 per 100,000 individuals from 2013 to 2021, with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of 9.50 (95% CI: 8.24–10.78). The all‐age ASMR of PD were higher in male individuals than in female individuals, and ASMR increased with age. The number of deaths and ASMR increased gradually from west to east and from rural to urban areas. Furthermore, ASMR is expected to increase to 2.66 per 100,000 individuals by 2040. Conclusions The heightened focus on the ASMR of PD among male individuals, urban areas, eastern China, and individuals aged ≥85 years has become a key determinant in further decreasing mortality, thereby exhibiting novel challenges to effective strategies for disease prevention and control.

Abstract The processes h c → γP (P = η′, η, π 0) are studied with a sample of (27.12 ± 0.14) × 108 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The decay h c → γη is observed for the first time with the significance of 9.0 σ, and the branching fraction is determined to be (3.77 ± 0.55 ± 0.13 ± 0.26) × 10 −4, while B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (h c → γη′) is measured to be (1.40 ± 0.11 ± 0.04 ± 0.10) × 10 −3, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of ψ(3686) → π 0 h c . The combination of these results allows for a precise determination of R h c = B h c → γη B h c → γ η ′ , $$ {R}_{h_c}=\frac{\mathcal{B}\left({h}_c\to {\pi}^0\gamma \eta \right)}{\mathcal{B}\left({h}_c\to {\pi}^0\gamma {\eta}^{\prime}\right)}, $$ which is calculated to be (27.0 ± 4.4 ± 1.0)%. The results are valuable for gaining a deeper understanding of η − η′ mixing, and its manifestation within quantum chromodynamics. No significant signal is found for the decay h c → γπ 0, and an upper limit is placed on its branching fraction of B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (h c → γπ 0) < 5.0 × 10 −5, at the 90% confidence level.

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the third most common cause of death after cancer and heart disease. The continuous treatment of children with CKD was greatly challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly impacted the CKD children’s prognosis and the caregivers’ psychological status. However, the influence mechanism of socioeconomic status, medical delay duration, traffic pressure, and online consultation duration on caregivers’ hope and psychological resilience still lacks relevant evidence. Methods This study investigated the general social information, hope, and psychological resilience of 247 caregivers with CKD in 13 provinces of China in March 2020. Factor analysis and an exploratory Structural Equation Model ( SEM ) were used to find the best-fit model, and Bootstrapping was used to calculate the 95% CI of indirect effects. Results The factor analysis obtained four common factors, namely, socioeconomic status (annual family income, education, and career stability), medical accessibility (online consultation duration, medical delay duration, and traffic pressure), hope (positive attitude, positive action, and intimate relationship) and psychological resilience (optimism, tenacity, and strength), with the cumulative contribution rate of 65.34%. Bootstrapping obtains the socioeconomic status β = 0.30 (95% CI [0.14, 0.47], P = 0.002), medical accessibility β = 0.31 (95% CI [0.12, 0.47], P = 0.002), and hope β = 0.40 (95% CI [0.27, 0.52], P = 0.002) has a direct impact on psychological resilience of CKD children caregivers, followed by medical accessibility β = 0.20 (95% CI [0.10, 0.38], P = 0.001) and hope β = 0.23 (95% CI [0.16, 0.32], P = 0.001) plays a mediating role between socioeconomic status and psychological resilience. The indirect impact effect β = 0.35 (95% CI [0.25, 0.50], P = 0.001) is greater than the direct impact effect β = 0.30 (95% CI [0.14, 0.47], P = 0.002). Conclusions Sufficient attention should still be given to children with immunodeficiency after the COVID-19 pandemic, such as CKD, to avoid infection of deadly. Secondly, the government should vigorously develop Primary medical institutions to ensure efficient treatment of severe patients in tertiary hospitals; Finally, the professional literacy of medical workers in remote diagnosis and treatment should be improved to enhance the country’s emergency response capacity for similar major public events and the requirements for normalised epidemic prevention and control.

Abstract Background The updated status of hypertension and its risk factors are poorly evaluated in Tibetan highland areas. We initiated a large-scale cross-sectional survey to provide updated status of hypertension and its risk factors (especially salt intake) in the Ganzi Tibetan Plateau, China. Methods Stratified multistage random sampling was performed to obtain a representative sample of 4,036 adult residents from 4 counties in the Ganzi Tibetan area. The whole survey population was used to present the epidemiology and risk factors of hypertension. The participants with blood and urine biochemistry data were used to analyze the relationship between salt intake parameters and hypertension. Results Stratified multistage random sampling was performed to obtain a representative sample of 4,036 adult residents. The overall prevalence rate of hypertension was 33.5% (the age-adjusted prevalence rate was 28.9%). A total of 50.9% of the hypertensive patients knew their conditions; 30.1% of them received antihypertensive treatment; and 11.2% of them had their blood pressure controlled. Age, male sex, living altitude ≥ 3500 m, overweight and abdominal obesity were positively correlated with hypertension. In addition, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for hypertension was 1.33 (95% CI: 1.01–1.74) for drinking tea with salt, and 1.51 (95% CI: 1.32–1.72) for per SD increase in the estimation of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (e24hUSE). Furthermore, per 100mmol/day increase in e24hUSE was associated with elevation of blood pressure (+ 10.16, 95% CI: 8.45–11.87 mmHg for SBP; +3.83, 95% CI: 2.74–4.93 mmHg for DBP) in this population. Conclusions Our survey suggests a heavy disease burden of hypertension in the Ganzi Tibetan Plateau. Age, male sex, altitude of residence ≥ 3500 m, overweight, abdominal obesity, and excessive salt intake (shown as drinking tea with adding salt and a higher level of e24hUSE) all increased the risk of hypertension in this highland area.

Abstract This study aims to assess the global prevalence of kinesiophobia and the potential influencing factors among patients with heart disease. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases to identify studies reporting on the prevalence of kinesiophobia and its influencing factors in heart disease patients up to January 2024. A random-effects model was employed to aggregate prevalence rates. Heterogeneity sources were investigated through subgroup analysis, while differences in the prevalence of kinesiophobia across regions, types of heart disease, and gender were evaluated. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of the factors influencing kinesiophobia was performed. This research incorporated 15 studies from six countries, with 14 providing data on the prevalence of kinesiophobia and nine exploring its potential influencing factors. The findings indicated that the overall prevalence of kinesiophobia among heart disease patients was 61.0% (95% CI 49.4–72.6%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence in upper-middle-income countries was 71.8% (95% CI 66.2–77.4%), while it stands at 49.9% (95% CI 30.2–69.5%) in high-income countries. The prevalence rates among patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation were 63.2% (95% CI 45.2–81.3%), 69.2% (95% CI 57.6–80.8%), and 71.6% (95% CI 67.1–76.1%), respectively. Gender-wise, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of kinesiophobia between men and women (52.2% vs. 51.8%). A total of 24 potential influencing factors of kinesiophobia were identified, with education level, monthly income, anxiety, and exercise self-efficacy being the most recognized. The prevalence of kinesiophobia in patients with heart disease is notably high and is influenced by a multitude of factors. Early implementation of targeted preventive measures is imperative to mitigate the incidence of kinesiophobia in this population.

Abstract A major and irreversible complication of diabetes is diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which can lead to significant disability and decreased quality of life. Prior work demonstrates the peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) is released locally in neuropathy and drives inflammation and impaired endoneurial blood flow. Therefore, we proposed that by utilizing a local thermoresponsive hydrogel injection, we could deliver inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to suppress Ang II production and reduce nerve dysfunction in DPN through local drug release. The ACE inhibitor captopril was encapsulated into a micelle, which was then embedded into a reversibly thermoresponsive pluronics-based hydrogel matrix. Drug-free and captopril-loaded hydrogels demonstrated excellent product stability and sterility. Rheology testing confirmed sol properties with low viscosity at ambient temperature and increased viscosity and gelation at 37 °C. Captopril-loaded hydrogels significantly inhibited Ang II production in comparison to drug-free hydrogels. DPN mice treated with captopril-loaded hydrogels displayed normalized mechanical sensitivity and reduced inflammation, without side-effects associated with systemic exposure. Our data demonstrate the feasibility of repurposing ACE inhibitors as locally delivered anti-inflammatories for the treatment of sensory deficits in DPN. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a locally delivered ACE inhibitor for the treatment of DPN.

Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent flexibility, chemical stability, processability and greenness. The traditional processes generally limit them to civil and industrial applications, but electrospun TPU nanofibers with high porosity, high specific surface area and superior mechanical properties are promising in emerging fields. TPU nanofibers’ properties are affected by various electrospinning parameters, such as solution concentration, applied voltage, flow rate and rotational speed. Thus, 29 sets of experiments were designed here by the efficient and low-cost response surface methodology (RSM). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the model agrees well with experimental results, and solution concentration is the most crucial parameter affecting nanofibers’ morphology and diameter. Based on it, the impacts of solution concentration and orientation on the mechanical properties of the TPU nanofiber membrane were investigated. Benefiting from the stress transfer and network deformation, the TPU nanofiber membranes parallel to the collection direction possessed the highest stress strength (23.71 MPa), while the nanofiber membranes vertical showed the widest strain range (485%). This study provides useful guidance for the preparation of high-performance TPU nanofibers, contributing to expanding its applicability in emerging fields such as biomedical, filtration and separation, and flexible sensing.

Abstract Using e + e − collision data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center-of-mass energies between 3.510 and 4.914 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 25 fb −1, we measure the Born cross sections for the process e + e − → K − Ξ ¯ + Λ / Σ 0 $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {K}^{-}{\overline{\Xi}}^{+}\Lambda /{\Sigma}^0 $$ at thirty-five energy points with a partial-reconstruction strategy. By fitting the dressed cross sections of e + e − → K − Ξ ¯ + Λ / Σ 0 $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {K}^{-}{\overline{\Xi}}^{+}\Lambda /{\Sigma}^0 $$ , evidence for ψ 4160 → K − Ξ ¯ + Λ $$ \psi (4160)\to {K}^{-}{\overline{\Xi}}^{+}\Lambda $$ is found for the first time with a significance of 4.4σ, including systematic uncertainties. No evidence for other possible resonances is found. In addition, the products of electronic partial width and branching fraction for all assumed resonances decaying into K − Ξ ¯ + Λ / Σ 0 $$ {K}^{-}{\overline{\Xi}}^{+}\Lambda /{\Sigma}^0 $$ are determined.

Abstract Background Reactive astrocytes participate in various pathophysiology after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), including neuroinflammation, glymphatic–lymphatic system dysfunction, brain edema, BBB disruption, and cell death. Astrocytes transform into two new reactive phenotypes with changed morphology, altered gene expression, and secretion profiles, termed detrimental A1 and beneficial A2. This study investigates the effect of 67LR activation by PEDF-34, a PEDF peptide, on neuroinflammation and astrocyte polarization after the experimental SAH. Methods A total of 318 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used in experiments in vivo, of which 272 rats were subjected to the endovascular perforation model of SAH and 46 rats underwent sham surgery. 67LR agonist (PEDF-34) was administrated intranasally 1 h after SAH. 67LR-specific inhibitor (NSC-47924) and STAT1 transcriptional activator (2-NP) were injected intracerebroventricularly 48 h before SAH. Short- and long-term neurological tests, brain water content, immunostaining, Nissl staining, western blot, and ELISA assay were performed. In experiments in vitro, primary astrocyte culture with hemoglobin (Hb) stimulation was used to mimic SAH. The expression of the PEDF-34/67LR signaling pathway and neuro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using Western blot, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry assays both in vivo and in vitro. Results Endogenous PEDF and 67LR expressions were significantly reduced at 6 h after SAH. 67LR was expressed in astrocytes and neurons. Intranasal administration of PEDF-34 significantly reduced brain water content, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and short-term and long-term neurological deficits after SAH. The ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT1/STAT1 and the expression of CFB and C3 (A1 astrocytes marker), significantly decreased after PEDF-34 treatment, along with fewer expression of TNF-α and IL-1β at 24 h after SAH. However, 2-NP (STAT1 transcriptional activator) and NSC-47924 (67LR inhibitor) reversed the protective effects of PEDF-34 in vivo and in vitro by promoting A1 astrocyte polarization with increased inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion PEDF-34 activated 67LR, attenuating neuroinflammation and inhibiting astrocyte A1 polarization partly via the JNK/STAT1 pathway, suggesting that PEDF-34 might be a potential treatment for SAH patients. Graphical Abstract

Abstract With a sample of (10087 ± 44) × 106 J/ψ events accumulated with the BESIII detector, we analyze the decays η′ → π + π − l + l − (l = e, μ) via the process J/ψ → γη′. The branching fractions are measured to be B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (η′ → π + π − e + e − ) = (2.45 ± 0.02(stat.) ± 0.08(syst.)) × 10 −3 and B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (η′ → π + π − μ + μ − ) = (2.16 ± 0.12(stat.) ± 0.06(syst.)) × 10 −5, and the ratio is B η ′ → π + π − e + e − B η ′ → π + π − μ + μ − = 113.4 ± 0.9 stat . ± 3.7 syst . $$ \frac{\mathcal{B}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{e}^{+}{e}^{-}\right)}{\mathcal{B}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right)}=113.4\pm 0.9\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 3.7\left(\textrm{syst}.\right) $$ . In addition, by combining the η′ → π + π − e + e − and η′ → π + π − μ + μ − decays, the slope parameter of the electromagnetic transition form factor is measured to be b η′ = 1.30 ± 0.19 (GeV/c 2) −2, which is consistent with previous measurements from BESIII and theoretical predictions from the VMD model. The asymmetry in the angle between the π + π − and l + l − decay planes, which has the potential to reveal the CP-violation originating from an unconventional electric dipole transition, is also investigated. The asymmetry parameters are determined to be A CP η ′ → π + π − e + e − = − 0.21 ± 0.73 stat . ± 0.01 syst . % $$ {\mathcal{A}}_{CP}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{e}^{+}{e}^{-}\right)=\left(-0.21\pm 0.73\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 0.01\left(\textrm{syst}.\right)\right)\% $$ and A CP η ′ → π + π − μ + μ − = 0.62 ± 4.71 stat . ± 0.08 syst . % $$ {\mathcal{A}}_{CP}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right)=\left(0.62\pm 4.71\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 0.08\left(\textrm{syst}.\right)\right)\% $$ , implying that no evidence of CP-violation is observed at the present statistics. Finally, an axion-like particle is searched for via the decay η′ → π + π − a, a → e + e − , and upper limits of the branching fractions are presented for the mass assumptions of the axion-like particle in the range of 0 − 500 MeV/c 2.

Abstract This paper proposed a frequency reconfigurable antenna that utilizes a multilayer structure of liquid crystal (LC) material. This antenna design incorporates a three-layer stacked structure to create an LC-injected cavity. The inverted microstrip line structure is designed to be in contact with the LC, serving as both a radiating element and a bias electrode. A parasitic patch is placed at the top of the antenna to enhance bandwidth. To prevent interference with DC and RF sources, a bias tee is integrated into the microstrip line input. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed antenna exhibits excellent impedance matching and stable radiation patterns within the operational frequency range. By comparing the simulated performance of the existing LC antenna with our proposed design, the bandwidth is tripled at a center frequency of 30.3 GHz. In addition, the effective area of the proposed reconfigurable antenna (154 mm2) is 24.6% of the area of the previous reconfigurable antenna (625 mm2).

Abstract The emergence of biomagnetism imaging has led to the development of ultrasensitive and compact spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometers that promise high-resolution magnetocardiography (MCG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). However, conventional optical components are not compatible with nanofabrication processes that enable the integration of atomic magnetometers on chips, especially for elliptically polarized laser-pumped SERF magnetometers with bulky optical systems. In this study, an elliptical-polarization pumping beam (at 795 nm) is achieved through a single-piece metasurface, which results in an SERF magnetometer with a high sensitivity reaching 10.61 fT/Hz1/2 by utilizing a 87Rb vapor cell with a 3 mm inner diameter. To achieve the optimum theoretical polarization, our design combines a computer-assisted optimization algorithm with an emerging metasurface design process. The metasurface is fabricated with 550 nm thick silicon-rich silicon nitride on a 2 × 2 cm 2 SiO2 substrate and features a 22.17° ellipticity angle (a deviation from the target polarization of less than 2%) and more than 80% transmittance. This study provides a feasible approach for on-chip polarization control of future all-integrated atomic magnetometers, which will further pave the way for high-resolution biomagnetism imaging and portable atomic sensing applications.

Abstract Rheumatoid meningitis (RM) is a rare extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that has been increasingly recognized by neurologists. However, the diversity of its clinical manifestations makes its diagnosis difficult. RM does not have a unified diagnostic standard, and its link with RA needs to be studied further. Here we report two cases of RM without a history of RA. The first patient, an 80-year-old woman, presented with sudden unilateral limb weakness, with brain MR showing abnormal signals in the leptomeningeal of the right frontal parietal. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was excluded after imaging examination, and infectious meningitis was ruled out after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. The patient was diagnosed as having RM, she had increased levels of CCP and AKA, the markers of RA, but no history of the disease or other clinical manifestations of it. Another case, a 65-year-old man, was hospitalized with Bell’s palsy. We found that he had intracranial imaging changes highly consistent with those characteristic of RM during his routine examination. Except for the left peripheral facial palsy, the patient had no other neurological signs or symptoms and no RA history. After a careful physical examination, we found no joint or other manifestations or serological abnormalities consistent with RA (RF, CCP, AKA, etc.). However, after excluding infection meningitis and considering the patient’s unique imaging results, we diagnosed him as having RM. We report these two cases as references for clinical diagnosis and treatment of RM, providing a discussion of our rationale.

Abstract We measured the Born cross sections for the process e + e − → ωη′ at 22 center-of-mass energies from 2.000 to 3.080 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We observed a resonant structure with a statistical significance of 9.6σ. A Breit-Wigner fit determines its mass to be M R = (2153 ± 30 ± 31) MeV/c 2 and its width to be Γ R = (167 ± 77 ± 7) MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.

Abstract Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) is a zoonotic opportunistic pathogen that mainly causes fatal lung and extrapulmonary abscesses in foals and immunocompromised individuals. To date, no commercial vaccine against R. equi exists. We previously screened all potential vaccine candidates from the complete genome of R. equi using a reverse vaccinology approach. Five of these candidates, namely ABC transporter substrate-binding protein (ABC transporter), penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBD2), NlpC/P60 family protein (NlpC/P60), esterase family protein (Esterase), and M23 family metallopeptidase (M23) were selected for the evaluation of immunogenicity and immunoprotective effects in BALB/c mice model challenged with R. equi. The results showed that all five vaccine candidate-immunized mice experienced a significant increase in spleen antigen-specific IFN-γ- and TNF-α-positive CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes and generated robust Th1- and Th2-type immune responses and antibody responses. Two weeks after the R. equi challenge, immunization with the five vaccine candidates reduced the bacterial load in the lungs and improved the pathological damage to the lungs and livers compared with those in the control group. NlpC/P60, Esterase, and M23 were more effective than the ABC transporter and PBD2 in inducing protective immunity against R. equi challenge in mice. In addition, these vaccine candidates have the potential to induce T lymphocyte memory immune responses in mice. In summary, these antigens are effective candidates for the development of protective vaccines against R. equi. The R. equi antigen library has been expanded and provides new ideas for the development of multivalent vaccines.

Abstract The development of intelligent, environmentally responsive and biocompatible photothermal system holds significant importance for the photothermal combined therapy of tumors. In this study, inspired by Lactobacillus (LAC), we prepared a biomimetic nanoplatform PDA&DOX@LAC for tumor photothermal-chemotherapy by integrating the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) with dopamine through oxidative polymerization to form polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of LAC. The PDA&DOX@LAC nanoplatform not only achieves precise and controlled release of DOX based on the slightly acidic microenvironment of tumor tissues, but also exhibits enzyme-like properties to alleviate tumor hypoxia. Under near-infrared light irradiation, it effectively induces photothermal ablation of tumor cells, enhances cellular uptake of DOX with increasing temperature, and thus efficiently inhibits tumor cell growth. Moreover, it is further confirmed in vivo experiments that photothermal therapy combined with PDA&DOX@LAC induces tumor cells apoptosis, releases tumor-associated antigens, which is engulfed by dendritic cells to activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes, thereby effectively suppressing tumor growth and prolonging the survival period of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Therefore, the PDA&DOX@LAC nanoplatform holds immense potential in precise tumor targeting as well as photothermal combined therapy and provides valuable insights and theoretical foundations for the development of novel tumor treatment strategies based on endogenous substances within the body.

Abstract Rainstorm is one of the global meteorological disasters that threaten the safety of transportation infrastructure and the connectivity of transportation system. Aiming to support the resilience assessment of transportation infrastructure in three representative regions: Sichuan–Chongqing, Yangtze River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shandong, rainfall data over 40 years in the three regions are collected, and the temporal distribution of rainfall are analyzed. Prediction equations of rainfall are established. For the purpose of this, the probabilistic density function (PDF) is assigned to the rainfall by fitting the frequency distribution histogram. Using the assigned PDF, the rainfall data are transformed into standard normal space where regression of prediction equations is performed and the prediction accuracy is tested. The results show that: (1) The frequency of rainfall in the three regions follows a lognormal distribution based on which the prediction equations of rainfall can be established in standard normal space. The error of regression shows no remarkable dependence on self-variables, and the significance analysis indicates that the equations proposed in this paper are plausible for predicting rainfalls for the three regions. (2) The Yangtze River Delta region has a higher risk of rainstorm disaster compared to the other two regions according to the frequency of rainfall and the return period of precipitation concentration. (3) Over the period of 1980–2021, the Sichuan–Chongqing region witnessed an increase in yearly rainfall but a decrease in rainstorm disasters, whereas the other two regions experienced a consistent rise in both metrics.

Abstract Background There is an association between migraine and dementia, however, their causal relationship remains unclear. This study employed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential causal relationship between migraine and dementia and its subtypes: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Methods Summary-level statistics data were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for both migraine and five types of dementia. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with migraine and each dementia subtype were selected. MR analysis was conducted using inverse variance weighting (IVW) and weighted median (WM) methods. Sensitivity analyses included Cochran’s Q test, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) analysis, the intercept of MR-Egger, and leave-one-out analysis. Results Migraine showed a significant causal relationship with AD and VaD, whereas no causal relationship was observed with all-cause dementia, FTD, or DLB. Migraine may be a potential risk factor for AD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02–0.14; P = 0.007), while VaD may be a potential risk factor for migraine (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.02–0.06; P = 7.760E-5). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of our findings. Conclusion Our study suggest that migraine may have potential causal relationships with AD and VaD. Migraine may be a risk factor for AD, and VaD may be a risk factor for migraine. Our study contributes to unraveling the comprehensive genetic associations between migraine and various types of dementia, and our findings will enhance the academic understanding of the comorbidity between migraine and dementia.