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In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (referred to as the 5th ed. WHO classification) based on the accumulated research results and clinical application progress in related fields after the revised 4th Edition of the WHO classification. Myelodysplastic neoplasms/syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the 5th ed. edition of the WHO classification. In practice in WHO classification has major changes from the revised 4th, it is of great significance for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment, as well as disease registration and scientific research. This article is interpreted based on the fifth edition of the classification published in the journal Leukemia and online ahead of print version on the official website of the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

In order to meet the needs of practical teaching of the oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, a virtual simulation teaching platform for gas pipeline is designed. Practice content includes two categories such as the control system in internal operation gas transmission process and virtual scene in external operation site, which highly simulates the operation and management of real gas transmission pipeline. The students control and operate the central control system and the virtual field separately in the way of group cooperation. Through repeated independent exercises, they can master the process parameters control and fault treatment methods. Practice proves that the students' understanding of the theoretical knowledge of the curriculum is obviously deepened, the practice process is safe and reliable and the learning effect is significantly enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystallization behavior of Shengli waxy crude oil from the sol state to gel state was studied by the microscopic observation and DSC curve. The study shows that as the cooling rate decreases, the number of wax grains becomes smaller, the area is larger and the morphology of wax crystals is more irregular. Moreover, under different cooling rates, wax crystals were homogeneous transient nucleation, but the growth mode of wax crystals was different. When the cooling rate is between 1-4 °C/min, Crystallization Peak 1 wax crystal grows according to the mixed crystal mode of one-dimensional rod crystal and two-dimensional discoid crystal; When the cooling rate is between 6-8 °C/min, Crystallization Peak 1 wax crystal grows according to the mixed crystal mode of two dimensional discoid crystal and three-dimensional spherical crystal; Crystallization Peak 2 wax crystal grows according to the mixed crystal mode of two dimensional discoid crystal and three-dimensional spherical crystal at different cooling rates. Crystallization activation energy of crystallization Peak 1 and Peak 2 are 556.91 kJ/mol and 299.62 kJ/mol, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the launching of tertiary oil recovery, the performance requirements of polymer solution increasing, the polymer solution is more difficult to meet the needs of the scene. It could solve poor profile control, salt-tolerant, and poor performance that crosslinking agent was added to polymer solution. Therefore, chromium acetate crosslinker was synthesized, and the synthesis conditions were optimized, and the performance of crosslinking agent was evaluated. Through optimization, the optimum conditions of chromium acetate synthesis was: reaction time 10 h, reaction temperature 80°C, the molar ratio of acetic acid and potassium dichromate than or equal to 24 : 1. Performance evaluation showed that adding crosslinking agent could significantly increase the viscosity of the polymer solution, could significantly improve the resistance coefficient and residual resistance of the polymer solution, and could play a good role profile flooding. Studies showed that when salinity and ion content changed, the crosslinking mechanism of changed. Through the study of molecule coil size at room temperature, the molecule coil size would slightly decline after 1 h, suggesting that crosslinking mechanism was intramolecular crosslinking reaction occurs at first, and then intermolecular crosslinking reaction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To better realize the features of peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM) aspirate and especially BM trephine biopsy in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML). Methods: We studied PB, BM smears in 35 cases of aCML and compared with 84 cases of chronic granulocytic leukemia chronic phase (CGL-CP), 39 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). In addition, we evaluated characteristics of BM trephine biopsies in 21 cases of aCML and compared with 68 cases of CGL-CP, 20 cases of CMML. Results: All aCML patients presented with leukocytosis (median WBC 17.3 × 109/L), 48% had moderate anemia, and 85% had thrombocytopenia. Values of monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, percentage of immature granulocytes and monocytes (0.63 ± 0.41 × 109/L, 0.18 ± 0.16 × 109/L, 0.09 ±0.08 × 109/L, 6.27 ± 3.09%, and 2.46 ± 1.75%, respectively) were useful in distinguishing aCML from CGL-CP and CMML groups. The BM smears showed that striking dysgranulopoieis (100%), dyserythropoiesis (48.6%), percentage of blasts, nucleated erythrocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils (2.45 ± 2.06%, 7.76 ± 2.89%, 1.30 ± 1.21%, 1.47 ± 1.60%, and 1.15 ± 1.08%, respectively) were all important parameters for a diagnosis of aCML. On BM trephine sections, aCML was characterized as hypercellularity, a moderate degree of reticulin fibrosis (71.4%), lymphocytopenia (76.2%), plasmacytopenia (90.5%), abnormal localization of immature precursors (28.5%), and absence of eosinophilia, basophilia, monocytosis. Furthermore, BM imprints, immunohistochemical, and cytochemical staining findings provided important morphological reference to BM trephine sections and made the identification of nucleated cells more convenient. Conclusions: Besides the findings observed in PB and BM aspirate, features of BM trephine biopsy (including BM trephine section, BM imprint, immunohistochemical, and cytochemical staining) can also aid in the diagnosis of aCML. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the bone mass loss and bone marrow haematopoiesis in osteoporosis remains obscure. We selected 3-month-old female Sprague–Dawley rats and randomly divided them into six groups. Three groups were ovariectomized (OVX), while the other three groups were sham operated (Sham). Four, 8 and 12 weeks after the surgical procedure, the rats were euthanized and sampled. The left femur was used for measurement of bone mineral density (BMD). The right femur distal metaphysic cancellous bone was processed for morphological evaluation. Our results showed that the femur BMD in the 4-week OVX group was not significantly decreased compared with that of the 4-week Sham group, but that the volume of adipose tissue in the bone marrow was markedly increased. The femur BMD in the 8-week OVX group was decreased significantly compared with that of the 8-week Sham group ( P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the volume of haematopoietic tissue decreased and the volume of adipose tissue increased. The number of megakaryocytes was decreased ( P < 0.05). Interestingly, the osteoclasts and mast cells were increased in number in the 8-week OVX group ( P < 0.05). These changes became obvious in the 12-week OVX rats, in contrast to the Sham groups. The volume of trabecular bone and the number of osteoblasts in the 12-week OVX group decreased significantly. Increased reticulin fibres were observed only in the 12-week OVX group. Our studies demonstrated a reciprocal correlation between bone-forming osteoblasts and marrow adipose tissue and suggest that OVX rats may be valuable as an animal model to study hypohaemopoiesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]