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The upper reaches of the Yellow River are critical ecological barriers within the Yellow River Basin (YRB) that are crucial for source conservation. However, environmental challenges in this area, from Longyangxia to Lijiaxia, have emerged in recent years. To assess the ecological environment quality (EEQ) evolution from 1991 to 2021, we utilized remote sensing ecological indices (RSEIs) on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity impacting EEQ changes were examined. The results of this study show that the mean value of the RSEIs fluctuated over time (1991: 0.70, 1996: 0.77, 2001: 0.67, 2006: 0.71, 2011: 0.68, 2016: 0.65, and 2021: 0.66) showing an upward, downward, and then upward trend. The mean values of the overall RSEI are all at 0.65 and above. Most regions showed no significant EEQ change during 1991–2021 (68.59%, 59.23%, and 55.78%, respectively). Global Moran's I values (1991–2021) ranged from 0.627 to 0.412, indicating significant positive correlation between EEQ and spatial clustering, and the LISA clustering map (1991–2021) shows that the area near Longyangxia Reservoir shows a pattern of aggregation, dispersion, and then aggregation again. The factor detection results showed that heat was the most influential factor, and the interaction detection results showed that greenness and heat had a significant effect on regional ecosystem distribution. Our study integrates spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity and combines them with reality to provide an in-depth discussion and analysis of the Longyangxia to Lijiaxia Basin. These findings offer guidance for ecological governance, vegetation restoration, monitoring, and safeguarding the upper Yellow River's ecological integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate in this paper a super-hydrophilic and oleophobic green porous photothermal material based on wood fiber as a novel oil-repellent photothermal material for efficient solar vapor generation (WF-SP). WF-SP is an excellent light-absorbing material with the advantages of a porous nanostructure, super-hydrophilic, low thermal conductivity, high-temperature resistance, and oleophobicity. Based on these advantages, WF-SP exhibits good solar photothermal conversion performance with solar vapor generation efficiencies of 85.4%, 75.3%, and 70.2% at 1 kW m−2, 2 kW m−2, and 3 kW m−2 radiation intensities, respectively. The results provide new possibilities for the design and preparation of low-cost, green, and pollution-free photothermal materials with high solar thermal conversion efficiency for solar photothermal conversion vapor generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the experimental results on wafer-to-wafer and within-wafer critical dimension (CD) control. It is known that photoresist thickness affects CD. In this paper, we control photoresist thickness to control CD. As opposed to run-to-run control where information from the previous wafer or batch is used for control of the current wafer or batch, the approach here is real time and makes use of the current wafer information for control of the current wafer CD. The experiments demonstrate that such an approach can reduce CD nonuniformity wafer to wafer and within wafer.

Highlights: [•] Novel Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl nano-composites photocatalysts were synthesized via a facile wet chemical method at room temperature for the first time. [•] The photocatalytic activity was greatly depended on the complex ratio of Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl. [•] The optimal composite Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl (CO3 2−/Cl− =1/6) was obtained and showed greatly enhanced photocatalytic performance than the pure Bi2O2CO3 and BiOCl. [•] The photocatalytic mechanism was ascribed to the dye-photosensitization enhancement by the inner-electric-field in Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl p–n junction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]