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127 results on '"Lowman M"'

1. Detecting vulnerability of humid tropical forests to multiple stressors

Author

Saatchi, S, Longo, M, Xu, L, Yang, Y, Abe, H, André, M, Aukema, JE, Carvalhais, N, Cadillo-Quiroz, H, Cerbu, GA, Chernela, JM, Covey, K, Sánchez-Clavijo, LM, Cubillos, IV, Davies, SJ, De Sy, V, De Vleeschouwer, F, Duque, A, Sybille Durieux, AM, De Avila Fernandes, K, Fernandez, LE, Gammino, V, Garrity, DP, Gibbs, DA, Gibbon, L, Gowae, GY, Hansen, M, Lee Harris, N, Healey, SP, Hilton, RG, Johnson, CM, Kankeu, RS, Laporte-Goetz, NT, Lee, H, Lovejoy, T, Lowman, M, Lumbuenamo, R, Malhi, Y, Albert Martinez, JMM, Nobre, C, Pellegrini, A, Radachowsky, J, Román, F, Russell, D, Sheil, D, Smith, TB, Spencer, RGM, Stolle, F, Tata, HL, Torres, DDC, Tshimanga, RM, Vargas, R, Venter, M, West, J, Widayati, A, Wilson, SN, Brumby, S, and Elmore, AC

Abstract

Humid tropical forests play a dominant role in the functioning of Earth but are under increasing threat from changes in land use and climate. How forest vulnerability varies across space and time and what level of stress forests can tolerate before facing a tipping point are poorly understood. Here, we develop a tropical forest vulnerability index (TFVI) to detect and evaluate the vulnerability of global tropical forests to threats across space and time. We show that climate change together with land-use change have slowed the recovery rate of forest carbon cycling. Temporal autocorrelation, as an indicator of this slow recovery, increases substantially for above-ground biomass, gross primary production, and evapotranspiration when climate stress reaches a critical level. Forests in the Americas exhibit extensive vulnerability to these stressors, while in Africa, forests show relative resilience to climate, and in Asia reveal more vulnerability to land use and fragmentation. TFVI can systematically track the response of tropical forests to multiple stressors and provide early-warning signals for regions undergoing critical transitions.

Published
2021

2. In the Canopy with Tardigrades, Herbivory and Wheelchairs: Engaging Mobility-Limited Students in Field Biology

Author

Miller, W. R., Lowman, M. D., McCord, E., Tripp, R. L., Glenny, D. A., and Volpini, A. T.

Abstract

We conducted research to quantify tardigrade (water bear) density, diversity, and distribution in temperate forest canopies, and to promote opportunity for undergraduates with mobility limitations as field researchers. This ecology project was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program to explore canopy biodiversity and herbivory in a temperate deciduous forest, with a special focus on tardigrade fauna. The program confirmation that a wheelchair is not a limitation to field biology since canopy research involves vertical not horizontaltransects. Mobility-limited students with equal mental and visual capabilities ascended into the canopy, collected samples, used microscopes, identified new species, and wrote professional papers.

Published
2014

5. Specimen collection: An essential tool

Author

Rocha, L. A., Aleixo, A., Allen, G., Almeda, F., Baldwin, C. C., Barclay, M. V. L., Bates, J. M., Bauer, A. M., Benzoni, F., Berns, C. M., Berumen, M. L., Blackburn, D. C., Blum, S., Bolaños, F., Bowie, R. C. K., Britz, R., Brown, R. M., Cadena, C. D., Carpenter, K., Ceríaco, L. M., Chakrabarty, P., Chaves, G., Choat, J. H., Clements, K. D., Collette, B. B., Collins, A., Coyne, J., Cracraft, J., Daniel, T., de Carvalho, M. R., de Queiroz, K., Di Dario, F., Drewes, R., Dumbacher, J. P., Engilis, A., Erdmann, M. V., Eschmeyer, W., Feldman, C. R., Fisher, B. L., Fjeldså, J., Fritsch, P. W., Fuchs, J., Getahun, A., Gill, A., Gomon, M., Gosliner, T., Graves, G. R., Griswold, C. E., Guralnick, R., Hartel, K., Helgen, K. M., Ho, H., Iskandar, D. T., Iwamoto, T., Jaafar, Z., James, H. F., Johnson, D., Kavanaugh, D., Knowlton, N., Lacey, E., Larson, H. K., Last, P., Leis, J. M., Lessios, H., Liebherr, J., Lowman, M., Mahler, D. L., Mamonekene, V., Matsuura, K., Mayer, G. C., Mays, H., McCosker, J., McDiarmid, R. W., McGuire, J., Miller, M. J., Mooi, R., Mooi, R. D., Moritz, C., Myers, P., Nachman, M. W., Nussbaum, R. A., Foighil, D. Ó, Parenti, L. R., Parham, J. F., Paul, E., Paulay, G., Pérez-Emán, J., Pérez-Matus, A., Poe, S., Pogonoski, J., Rabosky, D. L., Randall, J. E., Reimer, J. D., Robertson, D. R., Rödel, M.-O., Rodrigues, M. T., Roopnarine, P., Rüber, L., Ryan, M. J., Sheldon, F., Shinohara, G., Short, A., Simison, W. B., Smith-Vaniz, W. F., Springer, V. G., Stiassny, M., Tello, J. G., Thompson, C. W., Trnski, T., Tucker, P., Valqui, T., Vecchione, M., Verheyen, E., Wainwright, P. C., Wheeler, T. A., White, W. T., Will, K., Williams, J. T., Williams, G., Wilson, E. O., Winker, K., Winterbottom, R., and Witt, C. C.

Published
2014

13. Specimen collection: An essential tool

Author

Sills, Jennifer, Rocha, L. A., Aleixo, A., Allen, G., Almeda, F., Baldwin, C. C., Barclay, M. V.L., Bates, J. M., Bauer, A. M., Benzoni, F., Berns, C. M., Berumen, M. L., Blackburn, D. C., Blum, S., Bolaños, F., Bowie, R. C. K., Britz, R., Brown, R. M., Cadena, C. D., Carpenter, K., Ceríaco, L. M., Chakrabarty, P., Chaves, G., Choat, J. H., Clements, K. D., Collette, B. B., Collins, A., Coyne, J., Cracraft, J., Daniel, T., de Carvalho, M. R., de Queiroz, K., Di Dario, F., Drewes, R., Dumbacher, J. P., Engilis, A., Jr., Erdmann, M. V., Eschmeyer, W., Feldman, C. R., Fisher, B. L., Fjeldså, J., Fritsch, P. W., Fuchs, J., Getahun, A., Gill, A., Gomon, M., Gosliner, T., Graves, G. R., Griswold, C. E., Guralnick, R., Hartel, K., Helgen, K. M., Ho, H., Iskandar, D. T., Iwamoto, T., Jaafar, Z., James, H. F., Johnson, D., Kavanaugh, D., Knowlton, N., Lacey, E., Larson, H. K., Last, P., Leis, J. M., Lessios, H., Liebherr, J., Lowman, M., Mahler, D. L., Mamonekene, V., Matsuura, K., Mayer, G. C., Mays, H., Jr., McCosker, J., McDiarmid, R. W., McGuire, J., Miller, M. J., Mooi, R., Mooi, R. D., Moritz, C., Myers, P., Nachman, M. W., Nussbaum, R. A., Foighil, D. Ó, Parenti, L. R., Parham, J. F., Paul, E., Paulay, G., Pérez-Emán, J., Pérez-Matus, A., Poe, S., Pogonoski, J., Rabosky, D. L., Randall, J. E., Reimer, J. D., Robertson, D. R., Rödel, M.-O., Rodrigues, M. T., Roopnarine, P., Rüber, L., Ryan, M. J., Sheldon, F., Shinohara, G., Short, A., Simison, W. B., Smith-Vaniz, W. F., Springer, V. G., Stiassny, M., Tello, J. G., Thompson, C. W., Trnski, T., Tucker, P., Valqui, T., Vecchione, M., Verheyen, E., Wainwright, P. C., Wheeler, T. A., White, W. T., Will, K., Williams, J. T., Williams, G., Wilson, E. O., Winker, K., Winterbottom, R., and Witt, C. C.

Published
2014

14. First records of subaerial cyanobacteria and chlorophytes from Penang Hill.

Author

Ruppert, N., Lowman, M., Nor, S.A.M., Merican, F., Senee, G., Ismail, D.E., Convey, P., Ruppert, N., Lowman, M., Nor, S.A.M., Merican, F., Senee, G., Ismail, D.E., and Convey, P.

Abstract

During the Penang Hill BioBlitz of October 2017, our survey team collected 16 morphospecies of subaerial algae for the first time from tree bark, branches and leaves, including tree tops. These collections included seven morphospecies of blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) and nine morphospecies of green algae (Chlorophytes). Ten morphospecies were encountered in field specimens, while the remaining six were subsequently identified in cultures originating from the study site. Chlorococcales, Klebsormidiales, and Trentepohliales were the most widespread and commonly reported chlorophytes on various surfaces of the different tree species examined. Nostocales were the most widespread and dominant cyanobacteria at the study site. These first-time records of cyanobacteria and chlorophytes from Penang Hill, Malaysia, provide important baseline data for future studies.

Published
2021

20. A novel approach to simulate climate change impacts on vascular epiphytes: case study in Taiwan

Author

Hsu, R.C.C., Wolf, J.H.D., Lowman, M., Devy, S., Ganesh, T., and Experimental Plant Systematics (IBED, FNWI)

Abstract

In the wet tropics, epiphytes form a conspicuous layer in the forest canopy, support abundant coexisting biota, and are known to have a critical influence on forest hydrology and nutrient cycling. Since canopy-dwelling plants have no vascular connection to the ground or their host plants, they are likely more sensitive to environmental changes than their soil-rooted counterparts, subsequently regarded as one of the groups most vulnerable to global climate change. Epiphytes have adapted to life in highly dynamic forest canopies by producing many, mostly wind-dispersed, seeds or spores. Consequently, epiphytes should colonize trees rapidly, which, in addition to atmospheric sensitivity and short life cycles, make epiphytes suitable climate change indicators. In this study, we assess the impact of climate change on Taiwanese epiphytes using a modeling approach.

Published
2013

21. Specimen collection: An essential tool

Author

Rocha, L, Aleixo, A, Allen, G, Almeda, F, Baldwin, C, Barclay, M, Bates, J, Bauer, A, Benzoni, F, Berns, C, Berumen, M, Blackburn, D, Blum, S, Bolaños, F, Bowie, R, Britz, R, Brown, R, Cadena, C, Carpenter, K, Ceríaco, L, Chakrabarty, P, Chaves, G, Choat, J, Clements, K, Collette, B, Collins, A, Coyne, J, Cracraft, J, Daniel, T, de Carvalho, M, de Queiroz, K, Di Dario, F, Drewes, R, Dumbacher, J, Engilis Jr., A, Erdmann, M, Eschmeyer, W, Feldman, C, Fisher, B, Fjeldså, J, Fritsch, P, Fuchs, J, Getahun, A, Gill, A, Gomon, M, Gosliner, T, Graves, G, Griswold, C, Guralnick, R, Hartel, K, Helgen, K, Ho, H, Iskandar, D, Iwamoto, T, Jaafar, Z, James, H, Johnson, D, Kavanaugh, D, Knowlton, N, Lacey, E, Larson, H, Last, P, Leis, J, Lessios, H, Liebherr, J, Lowman, M, Mahler, D, Mamonekene, V, Matsuura, K, Mayer, G, Mays Jr., H, Mccosker, J, Mcdiarmid, R, Mcguire, J, Miller, M, Mooi, R, Moritz, C, Myers, P, Nachman, M, Nussbaum, R, Ó Foighil, D, Parenti, L, Parham, J, Paul, E, Paulay, G, Pérez-Emán, J, Pérez-Matus, A, Poe, S, Pogonoski, J, Rabosky, D, Randall, J, Reimer, J, Robertson, D, Rödel, M, Rodrigues, M, Roopnarine, P, Rüber, L, Ryan, M, Sheldon, F, Shinohara, G, Short, A, Simison, W, Smith-Vaniz, W, Springer, V, Stiassny, M, Tello, J, Thompson, C, Trnski, T, Tucker, P, Valqui, T, Vecchione, M, Verheyen, E, Wainwright, P, Wheeler, T, White, W, Will, K, Williams, J, Williams, G, Wilson, E, Winker, K, Winterbottom, R, Witt, C, Rocha, LA, Baldwin, CC, Barclay, MVL, Bates, JM, Bauer, AM, Berns, CM, Berumen, ML, Blackburn, DC, Bowie, RCK, Brown, RM, Cadena, CD, Ceríaco, LM, Choat, JH, Clements, KD, Collette, BB, de Carvalho, MR, Dumbacher, JP, Engilis Jr. , A, Erdmann, MV, Feldman, CR, Fisher, BL, Fritsch, PW, Graves, GR, Griswold, CE, Helgen, KM, Iskandar, DT, James, HF, Larson, HK, Leis, JM, Mahler, DL, Mayer, GC, Mays Jr. , H, McCosker, J, McDiarmid, RW, McGuire, J, Miller, MJ, Mooi, RD, Nachman, MW, Nussbaum, RA, Parenti, LR, Parham, JF, Rabosky, DL, Randall, JE, Reimer, JD, Robertson, DR, Rödel, M-O, Rodrigues, MT, Ryan, MJ, Simison, WB, Smith-Vaniz, WF, Springer, VG, Tello, JG, Thompson, CW, Wainwright, PC, Wheeler, TA, White, WT, Williams, JT, Wilson, EO, Witt, CC, Rocha, L, Aleixo, A, Allen, G, Almeda, F, Baldwin, C, Barclay, M, Bates, J, Bauer, A, Benzoni, F, Berns, C, Berumen, M, Blackburn, D, Blum, S, Bolaños, F, Bowie, R, Britz, R, Brown, R, Cadena, C, Carpenter, K, Ceríaco, L, Chakrabarty, P, Chaves, G, Choat, J, Clements, K, Collette, B, Collins, A, Coyne, J, Cracraft, J, Daniel, T, de Carvalho, M, de Queiroz, K, Di Dario, F, Drewes, R, Dumbacher, J, Engilis Jr., A, Erdmann, M, Eschmeyer, W, Feldman, C, Fisher, B, Fjeldså, J, Fritsch, P, Fuchs, J, Getahun, A, Gill, A, Gomon, M, Gosliner, T, Graves, G, Griswold, C, Guralnick, R, Hartel, K, Helgen, K, Ho, H, Iskandar, D, Iwamoto, T, Jaafar, Z, James, H, Johnson, D, Kavanaugh, D, Knowlton, N, Lacey, E, Larson, H, Last, P, Leis, J, Lessios, H, Liebherr, J, Lowman, M, Mahler, D, Mamonekene, V, Matsuura, K, Mayer, G, Mays Jr., H, Mccosker, J, Mcdiarmid, R, Mcguire, J, Miller, M, Mooi, R, Moritz, C, Myers, P, Nachman, M, Nussbaum, R, Ó Foighil, D, Parenti, L, Parham, J, Paul, E, Paulay, G, Pérez-Emán, J, Pérez-Matus, A, Poe, S, Pogonoski, J, Rabosky, D, Randall, J, Reimer, J, Robertson, D, Rödel, M, Rodrigues, M, Roopnarine, P, Rüber, L, Ryan, M, Sheldon, F, Shinohara, G, Short, A, Simison, W, Smith-Vaniz, W, Springer, V, Stiassny, M, Tello, J, Thompson, C, Trnski, T, Tucker, P, Valqui, T, Vecchione, M, Verheyen, E, Wainwright, P, Wheeler, T, White, W, Will, K, Williams, J, Williams, G, Wilson, E, Winker, K, Winterbottom, R, Witt, C, Rocha, LA, Baldwin, CC, Barclay, MVL, Bates, JM, Bauer, AM, Berns, CM, Berumen, ML, Blackburn, DC, Bowie, RCK, Brown, RM, Cadena, CD, Ceríaco, LM, Choat, JH, Clements, KD, Collette, BB, de Carvalho, MR, Dumbacher, JP, Engilis Jr. , A, Erdmann, MV, Feldman, CR, Fisher, BL, Fritsch, PW, Graves, GR, Griswold, CE, Helgen, KM, Iskandar, DT, James, HF, Larson, HK, Leis, JM, Mahler, DL, Mayer, GC, Mays Jr. , H, McCosker, J, McDiarmid, RW, McGuire, J, Miller, MJ, Mooi, RD, Nachman, MW, Nussbaum, RA, Parenti, LR, Parham, JF, Rabosky, DL, Randall, JE, Reimer, JD, Robertson, DR, Rödel, M-O, Rodrigues, MT, Ryan, MJ, Simison, WB, Smith-Vaniz, WF, Springer, VG, Tello, JG, Thompson, CW, Wainwright, PC, Wheeler, TA, White, WT, Williams, JT, Wilson, EO, and Witt, CC

Published
2014

33. Expression of T-cell associated antigens by porcine natural killer cells.

Author

Pescovitz, M. D., Lowman, M. A., and Sachs, D. H.

Subjects
*IMMUNOGLOBULINS, *KILLER cells, *ANTIGENS, *T cells, *GENE expression, *GENETICS
Abstract

We have examined the cell surface phenotype of porcine natural killer (NK) cells and compared them with classic porcine cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). NK cells were susceptible to treatment with monoclonal antibodies to CD2 (PTI 1), CD8 (PT8) and Ia plus complement (C), as well as with antiserum to asialo-GM 1 (ASGM 1) plus C. In addition, monoclonal antibodies to leucocyte function antigen I (LFA-1) but not to CD8 blocked NK-mediated lysis in the absence of C. This is in contrast to porcine CTL, which were eliminated by antibodies to CD2, CD8 and Ia plus C, but not by antis ASGMI plus C, and which were blocked by anti-CD8 in the absence of C. Therefore, although porcine NK cells arc similar to porcine CTL, they are distinguished by several important differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988

34. The biomass of New England peppermint (Eucalyptus nova-anglica) in relation to insect damage associated with rural dieback.

Author

Lowman, M. D., Burgess, A. D., and Higgins, W. D.

Subjects
INSECTS, EUCALYPT dieback, DIEBACK, PLANT biomass, BIOMASS
Abstract

Discusses the accuracy of sampling techniques needed to measure defoliation and the consequences of insect damage to dieback of rural eucalypts. Distribution of total biomass of a mature eucalypt; Differences between healthy and dieback eucalypts in terms of biomass; Calculation of corrections for the partially eaten biomass.

Published
1987
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35. The impact of defoliating insects on the growth of eucalypt saplings.

Author

Lowman, M. D. and Heatwole, Harold

Subjects
EFFECT of insecticides on plants, PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of insecticides, EFFECT of chemicals on plants, EUCALYPTUS, MYRTACEAE
Abstract

Studies the effect of spraying insecticide on eucalypt saplings in a New England woodland. Insecticides used in the study; Investigation on whether the insecticides alter the extent of defoliation of eucalypt saplings; Immediate effects of insect exclusion on the growth of the saplings.

Published
1987
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36. Light interception and its relation to structural differences in three Australian rainforest canopies.

Author

Lowman, M. D.

Subjects
RAIN forests, PLANT canopies, LIGHT, TREES, CHARTS, diagrams, etc., PROPORTION
Abstract

The article provides information about a study, which measured the relative differences in the seasonality of light penetrating the canopies of three Australian rainforest. They were measured directly with a quantum meter and indirectly using hemispherical photographs. Because these rainforests exhibit degrees of seasonality in leaf-fall and leaf replacement, it is postulated that the amount of sky visible from the forest floor up through the canopy will exhibit temporal fluctuations relative to the proportion of leaf loss. Profile diagrams were constructed at each site to illustrate the depth and stratification of the canopy, and the differences in these structural features were related to the variation in light attenuation.

Published
1986
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37. Temporal and spatial variability in insect grazing of the canopies of five Australian rainforest tree species.

Author

Lowman, M. D.

Subjects
INSECTS, ARTHROPODA, GRAZING, RANGE management, PLANT canopies, RAIN forests, MULTIPURPOSE trees
Abstract

Examines the temporal and spatial variability in insect grazing of the canopies of five Australian rainforest tree species. Factors contributing to the variability in insect grazing activities; Impact of insect herbivores on forest communities; Assessment of rain-forest herbivory requires long term sampling throughout a range of canopy regions and species.

Published
1985
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38. Variation in leaf toughness and phenolic content among five species of Australian rain forest trees.

Author

Lowman, M. D. and Box, J. D.

Subjects
GRAZING, FOLIAR feeding, PLANT canopies, PLANT communities, TANNINS, PHENOLS
Abstract

This article examines several leaf characteristics that may relate to grazing patterns observed in the canopies. Leaves were collected and measured during September-October 1983, when all age classes were present in the canopy. Since most Australian rain forest trees underwent a major leaf flush in spring and leaf fall during summer, both old and new leaves were present during spring. The ratio of condensed tannins to total phenols give an indication of the relative proportions of hydrolysable and condensed tannins.

Published
1983
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41. Expression of T-cell associated antigens by porcine natural killer cells

Author

Pescovitz, M D, Lowman, M A, and Sachs, D H

Subjects
Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Killer Cells, Natural, Swine, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Complement System Proteins, Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, Research Article, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract

We have examined the cell surface phenotype of porcine natural killer (NK) cells and compared them with classic porcine cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). NK cells were susceptible to treatment with monoclonal antibodies to CD2 (PT11), CD8 (PT8) and Ia plus complement (C), as well as with antiserum to asialo-GM1 (ASGM1) plus C. In addition, monoclonal antibodies to leucocyte function antigen 1 (LFA-1) but not to CD8 blocked NK-mediated lysis in the absence of C. This is in contrast to porcine CTL, which were eliminated by antibodies to CD2, CD8 and Ia plus C, but not by anti-ASGMI plus C, and which were blocked by anti-CD8 in the absence of C. Therefore, although porcine NK cells are similar to porcine CTL, they are distinguished by several important differences.

Published
1988

42. Relationships between leaf growth and holes caused by herbivores.

Author

Lowman, M. D.

Subjects
PLANT canopies, HERBIVORES, ANIMALS, FORESTS & forestry
Abstract

Studies the relationships between leaf growth and holes caused by herbivores in an Australian canopy. Methods used in the estimation of herbivory; Preference of young herbivores for young leaf tissue; Factors affecting defoliation.

Published
1987
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