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RELEVANCE of the study lies in the assessment of the impact that various carbon regulation instruments stimulating the achievement of national climate goals have on the development scale of different electricity and heat production technologies in Russia.THE PURPOSE. To consider the change in the optimal technological structure of the electric power industry and district heating in Russia by 2050 assuming the introduction of various carbon regulation instruments in 2030.METHODS. We used the developed at ERI RAS system technological model EPOS for the optimization of the energy technology structure in the Russian energy sector according to the criterion of the minimum total discounted costs for energy supply to the economy until 2050.RESULTS. The article provides an analysis of the scale of changes in installed capacity and electricity production of various types of power plants in the UES of Russia, as well as changes in heat production of different heat supply sources by 2050 for 16 carbon regulation options and business-as-usual scenario. Also it describes the optimal technological structure in the electric power industry and district heating under the conditions of certain administrative, fiscal and economic instruments of climate policy. Carbon regulation options based on the corresponding increases in the installed capacity of power plants in the UES of Russia by 2050 are compared.CONCLUSION. Decarbonization of the electric power industry in Russia will mainly occur by expansion of nuclear energy, heat production – by deployment of electric boilers, taking into account current forecasts of scientific and technological progress. At the same time, for carbon regulation options leading to a greenhouse gas emissions reduction by 30% relative to 2019 level, nuclear power plants could become the new dominant technology in the structure of electricity production instead of gas thermal power plants. The total increase in installed capacity of power plants in the UES of Russia by 2050 may differ by almost seven times for various carbon regulation options. Among the climate policy options considered, emission quotation and carbon taxes have the strongest impact on the technological structure of the electric power industry and district heating in Russia.

BackgroundRapid economic growth in China has led to significant resource and environmental challenges, particularly in less economically developed regions. This study aims to identify effective strategies for achieving green, low-carbon development in these regions during the economic transition.MethodsWe employed the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method to scrutinize the impact of economic, demographic, industrial, and technological factors on low-carbon development across a selection of Chinese provinces, including Qinghai, Hunan, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hainan, and Chongqing. This approach facilitates a nuanced exploration of the multifaceted determinants of low-carbon progress within the regional contexts of China.ResultsThe study identified three distinct paths to low-carbon development, each with unique prioritization characteristics. These paths are the traditional early low-carbon path, the semi-modernized mid-carbon path, and the post-modernized low-carbon path. Each path offers tailored strategies for less developed regions to enhance their environmental innovation capacity and global competitiveness.ConclusionThis research contributes a novel perspective for regional sustainable development in China by offering tailored low-carbon development strategies for less developed regions. The findings suggest that region-specific strategies, aligned with developmental stages and characteristics, are essential for ensuring balanced economic, social, and environmental development.

This article explores the application of Internet of Things technology in intelligent green buildings through empirical research, and analyzes its practical effects in improving building energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. The study adopted data collection and analysis methods, and the experimental results showed that IoT technology can effectively optimize building energy management and achieve low-carbon development goals. This article designed four experiments to explore the application of Internet of Things technology in the design and management of intelligent green buildings. In the energy consumption comparison experiment, after the implementation of the Internet of Things system, power consumption decreased from 1000 kWh/day to 800 kWh/day, water usage decreased from 650 liters/day to 500 liters/day, and natural gas consumption decreased from 400 meters ³/ Days reduced to 300 meters ³/ Heaven. In the indoor environmental quality monitoring experiment, after implementing the Internet of Things system, the average indoor temperature was maintained at 22°C, humidity was 50%, and CO2 concentration was reduced to 600 ppm. In the response efficiency testing experiment of the automation control system, the average response time of the system was 2 seconds, and the response accuracy reached 90%. In the final economic benefit analysis experiment, the total savings within one year after implementing the Internet of Things system reached 12267 US dollars. From the data conclusion, it can be seen that IoT technology can not only improve the energy and environmental management efficiency of buildings, but also have significant economic benefits, providing strong support for the development of green buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 21st century, the world has increasingly focused on the issue of sustainable development, and the green transformation issues have become a new hot topic worldwide. Green and low-carbon transformation has become an international consensus. Urban agglomerations are important connections between urban development and regional coordination, as well as important spatial carriers for economic activities. They are not only the main source of carbon emissions, but also the main battlefield for energy conservation and emission reduction. As an important field for carbon reduction, the green transformation of cities is crucial for achieving the "dual carbon" goals. This article focuses on 48 cities in the three most mature and influential urban agglomerations in China from 2011 to 2019, namely, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, and the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration. The three-stage DEA model and Malmquist index model are used to measure the green transformation efficiency of the three urban agglomerations from both dynamic and static perspectives, and a Tobit regression model is constructed to explore the influencing factors of green transformation efficiency in urban agglomerations. Research has found that: 1) From a static perspective, the overall efficiency of green transformation in the three major urban agglomerations is at a high level, but from a temporal perspective, it shows a downward trend. The Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration is known for its green development, with the highest average efficiency of green transformation, followed by the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration has the lowest level of green transformation; 2) From a dynamic perspective, technological progress is the main driving factor for improving the efficiency of green transformation in the three major urban agglomerations. Therefore, the government should pay special attention to the progressiveness of technology when formulating relevant policies to promote urban green transformation; 3) From the perspective of spatiotemporal differences, there are significant differences in the spatiotemporal characteristics of green transformation among the three major urban agglomerations, and there are significant differences in green transformation strategies among different urban agglomerations. Eliminating environmental factors and random interference is necessary for accurately measuring the efficiency of green transformation in urban agglomerations; 4) From the perspective of influencing factors, factors such as industrial structure upgrading, green innovation level, and environmental regulation intensity jointly affect the efficiency of green transformation in urban agglomerations. Based on this, we should pay attention to the differences between urban agglomerations and implement policies tailored to local conditions; Strengthen the network system of urban agglomerations and avoid conflicts between cities; Encourage green technology innovation, accelerate industrial structure upgrading, and so on. This article focuses on the issue of green transformation in urban agglomerations, and conducts research from three perspectives: efficiency measurement, influencing factors, and implementation mechanisms. A relatively systematic theoretical framework for green transformation in urban agglomerations is formed, and an evaluation index system for green transformation efficiency in urban agglomerations is constructed and optimized. The composition mechanism of the five dimensional evaluation system for transformation efficiency is analyzed, and the bottleneck and breakthrough direction of the three major urban agglomerations in China in the development process are grasped. It has a good demonstration effect on the green transformation of other urban agglomerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the endogenous variable, lowcarbon development, and valuate its influencing factors, given its pivotal role in environmental protection amid climate change concerns and economic growth. Low carbon development is a new platform to maintain economic growth through reducing carbon emissions and reducing the use of natural resources, because it was predicted that reducing emissions will increase economic growth while preventing forest loss, improving air quality and living standards, and reducing mortality rates. METHODS: Utilizing a quantitative method, this study integrates a novel viewpoint by combining low-carbon development with related emission factors. The study utilizes secondary data, specifically time series data spanning 31 years from 1991 to 2021, which were analyzed using regression study methods. The factors being examined include capital formation, deforestation, land transportation, agricultural land, and industrialization. FINDINGS: Findings reveal that low-carbon development in North Sumatra is influenced significantly by capital formation, deforestation, agricultural land, and industrialization, with land transportation showing no substantial impact. Capital formation has a favorable impact on low-carbon development. But, deforestation, land transportation, agricultural land and industrialization have a negative impact on low-carbon development. Together, these determinants account for 77.55 percent of the variance. Capital formation contributes 19.8 percent, deforestation 15.6 percent, agricultural land 19.0 percent, and industrialization 18.9 percent to low-carbon development. CONCLUSION: The hypothesis established in this study is accepted. To foster low-carbon development in North Sumatra, specific attention is required from local governments. Capital formation is vital. Measures include controlling interest rates, supporting businesses, fostering an investment-friendly climate, ensuring security, and integrating environmental sustainability considerations into project implementation to curb carbon emissions. Prevention of deforestation involves tightening land clearance licenses and enhancing institutional quality through environmental protection and property rights legislation. The government must strive for promoting eco-friendly agricultural practices with mitigated through outreach programs involving experts who educate farmers on minimizing emissions, reducing carbon emissions from pesticide with using biochar sourced from empty palm fruit bunches and also rice straw which is very easy to obtain at a low cost and is environmentally friendly, and emphasizing environmental preservation policies in the industrial sector like industrial transformation efforts with an effective approach to reducing carbon emissions such as restructuring various aspects of industrial activities, including investment, final demand, intensity and production methods. The implementation of tax emissions and strategic interventions increases the likelihood of realizing low-carbon development in North Sumatra, aligning with sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the endogenous variable, low-carbon development, and valuate its influencing factors, given its pivotal role in environmental protection amid climate change concerns and economic growth. Low carbon development is a new platform to maintain economic growth through reducing carbon emissions and reducing the use of natural resources, because it was predicted that reducing emissions will increase economic growth while preventing forest loss, improving air quality and living standards, and reducing mortality rates.METHODS: Utilizing a quantitative method, this study integrates a novel viewpoint by combining low-carbon development with related emission factors. The study utilizes secondary data, specifically time series data spanning 31 years from 1991 to 2021, which were analyzed using regression study methods. The factors being examined include capital formation, deforestation, land transportation, agricultural land, and industrialization.FINDINGS: Findings reveal that low-carbon development in North Sumatra is influenced significantly by capital formation, deforestation, agricultural land, and industrialization, with land transportation showing no substantial impact. Capital formation has a favorable impact on low-carbon development. But, deforestation, land transportation, agricultural land and industrialization have a negative impact on low-carbon development. Together, these determinants account for 77.55 percent of the variance. Capital formation contributes 19.8 percent, deforestation 15.6 percent, agricultural land 19.0 percent, and industrialization 18.9 percent to low-carbon development.CONCLUSION: The hypothesis established in this study is accepted. To foster low-carbon development in North Sumatra, specific attention is required from local governments. Capital formation is vital. Measures include controlling interest rates, supporting businesses, fostering an investment-friendly climate, ensuring security, and integrating environmental sustainability considerations into project implementation to curb carbon emissions. Prevention of deforestation involves tightening land clearance licenses and enhancing institutional quality through environmental protection and property rights legislation. The government must strive for promoting eco-friendly agricultural practices with mitigated through outreach programs involving experts who educate farmers on minimizing emissions, reducing carbon emissions from pesticide with using biochar sourced from empty palm fruit bunches and also rice straw which is very easy to obtain at a low cost and is environmentally friendly, and emphasizing environmental preservation policies in the industrial sector like industrial transformation efforts with an effective approach to reducing carbon emissions such as restructuring various aspects of industrial activities, including investment, final demand, intensity and production methods. The implementation of tax emissions and strategic interventions increases the likelihood of realizing low-carbon development in North Sumatra, aligning with sustainable development goals.

• Low carbon development for cement industry in different countries are reviewed. • New perspectives on cement industry's development have been provided. • Alternative fuel and CCUS are main directions for cement industry. • Gaps between original research and scale expansion need more innovative efforts Carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions from the cement industry account for 26% of the total industrial emissions, and the need to develop low-carbon techniques within the cement industry is extremely urgent. Low-carbon projects and technologies for the cement industry in different regions and countries have been thoroughly reviewed in this manuscript, and the low-carbon development concept for each county has been analyzed. For developing countries such as China and India, energy saving and efficiency enhancement are currently the key points, while for developed countries and regions such as Europe, more efforts have been focused on carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Global CCUS projects have been previously conducted, and the majority of CCUS projects are currently performed in Europe where major projects such as the CEMCAP, CLEANKER, and IEILAC projects represent the latest research progress in cement production technologies and low-carbon technologies for the global cement industry. The development of low-carbon cement technologies has changed from focusing on the end point to instead focusing on the source and process through the exploration of hydrogen and solar energies, and more disruptive and original technologies are expected to be developed, particularly in the cement industry in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bányászati és Kohászati Lapok - Kohászat is the property of Hungarian Mining & Metallurgical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The digitalization of finance drives economic development and plays a crucial role in energy conservation and carbon emission reduction. Utilizing carbon emissions data from 2011 to 2020, we find that digital finance development can mitigate carbon emissions intensity (CEI) by approximately 0.14 %. Then, we employ a diverse set of robustness and endogeneity tests to assess the reliability of the empirical findings. Moreover, the study delves into how digital finance impacts CEI through production technology innovation (PTI) and green technology innovation (GTI). The results indicate a positive effect of PTI on CEI. GTI exerts a negative influence on CEI. In addition, there is a chain mediation effect between PTI and GTI in the baseline path. Finally, the impact of digital finance on CEI exhibits apparent regional heterogeneity.

Abstract To better grasp the dynamic trend of the transformation and development of thermal power enterprises in the context of low carbon worldwide; the background of the transformation development of thermal power enterprises, the low carbon economic model, and the basic situation of the thermal power industry are reviewed and analyzed. Yearly quantitative distribution of literature, country (region) distribution, main source journal distribution, organization distribution, research hotspots, and frontiers are all analyzed, CiteSpace and Vosviewer are used to plot expertise area maps. The results show that the number of studies on the transformation and development of thermal power plants under the background of low carbon is on the rise in general, among which the contribution of China is the largest. Research articles have been published in 77 publications worldwide, mainly in the fields of chemistry, materials, and fuels. The framework of simple theories and research strategies has been completed. However, the research community is too targeted and there are few frontier branches. Based on technology development, process updating and process development, environmental remediation, electrochemical CO2 reduction, organic contaminants, active sites, and bifunctional electrocatalysts have become the leading research topics of thermal power plant transformation development.

Introduction: With rapid urbanization and increasing greenhouse effect, low-carbon development is the integral factor of achieving sustainable development.Methods: A comprehensive analysis framework is built to quantify the impact of urban scale on low-carbon development and we conduct empirical research on 265 cities during 2009–2019.Results and Discussion: We find that: first, urban scale can significantly promote low-carbon development and this finding still holds after the robustness test. Specifically, for every 1% increase in urban scale, the low-carbon development level of the urban increases by 0.128%; second, urban scale promotes low-carbon development mainly through three paths: efficiency improvement, industrial structure upgrading, and innovation; third, there is heterogeneity in this effect among cities with different city levels, city structures, and traffic conditions. Therefore, we propose specific, targeted policy implications, including reducing restrictions on the expansion of large cities and promoting high-tech development.

New Type Urbanization (NTU) and Low Carbon Development (LCD) are the two major issues for Chinese cities to achieve their sustainable development goals. It is crucial to recognize the coupling relationship between NTU and LCD. Existing studies on this coupling mainly focus on measuring LCD performance through carbon emissions, while neglecting the coordination between different dimensions of NTU and LCD. To address these gaps, an enhanced method is proposed in this study to measure the dimensional coupling performance between NTU and LCD. A comprehensive indicator evaluation system is constructed to assess the performance of both NTU and LCD. The Entropy and TOPSIS methods are employed to obtain scores for NTU and LCD performance, while the grey correlation analysis method is applied to determine the degree of coupling coordination. To validate the proposed approach, a case study using data from 35 large cities spanning from 2008 to 2020 has been conducted. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The proposed method consists of three steps: calculating NTU and LCD performance scores, determining the degree of coupling, and estimating the level of coupling coordination. (2) Four major trends in the development of coupling degrees among these 35 large cities have been identified: increase, decrease, “V” type and inverted “V” type. (3) Empirical evidence demonstrates that our proposed model is valid. This study provides valuable insights for addressing imbalances between NTU and LCD issues faced by Chinese government.

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To better grasp the dynamic trend of the transformation and development of thermal power enterprises in the context of low carbon worldwide; the background of the transformation development of thermal power enterprises, the low carbon economic model, and the basic situation of the thermal power industry are reviewed and analyzed. Yearly quantitative distribution of literature, country (region) distribution, main source journal distribution, organization distribution, research hotspots, and frontiers are all analyzed, CiteSpace and Vosviewer are used to plot expertise area maps. The results show that the number of studies on the transformation and development of thermal power plants under the background of low carbon is on the rise in general, among which the contribution of China is the largest. Research articles have been published in 77 publications worldwide, mainly in the fields of chemistry, materials, and fuels. The framework of simple theories and research strategies has been completed. However, the research community is too targeted and there are few frontier branches. Based on technology development, process updating and process development, environmental remediation, electrochemical CO2 reduction, organic contaminants, active sites, and bifunctional electrocatalysts have become the leading research topics of thermal power plant transformation development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Civil nuclear technology has been widely used in agriculture, industry, public safety, public health, environmental protection and other fields. As an emerging strategic industry, it has guided the direction for promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, leading to a new pole of economic growth and promoting the green development of industries. From the point of view of the carbon footprint, this study calculated the carbon emission of the civil nuclear technology application industry according to the basic accounting content of life cycle analysis (LCA). The minima, maxima and means of the carbon emission status of China (excluding Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan) from 2000 to 2019 were calculated using SPSS Software, and the carbon dioxide emissions were calculated by the Min-Max normalization method. We then compared the carbon emissions of each type of energy consumed by the civil nuclear industry with the carbon emissions of each of the carbon emission status of China. This comparison showed that the total emission of the civil nuclear technology application industry is small over its whole life cycle, but its output value is relatively large, so it is an environmentally-friendly industry which conforms to the trend of low-carbon development, clean production and green development. These features are in line with the requirements of economic development, so it is conducive to promoting the achievement of carbon peak carbon neutrality. In view of this, in order to further promote the development of the civil nuclear technology application industry, all departments should have a unified understanding, set up a special working coordination mechanism, actively seek the relevant policy support from their superiors, give full play to their own advantages and conduct regular inspections. In addition, we will put in place systems and policies to attract more and better projects, increase the number and improve the quality of projects, promote the "Inner Circle" development of the civil nuclear technology application industry, and expand overseas markets, in order to create an "Outer circulation" highland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogas is a promising renewable technology to alleviate energy poverty. Pakistan has a capacity of 5 million bio digesters that can be installed in different farming areas. However, this target has never been achieved because many barriers hamper the biogas industry development. In previous studies, some researchers have indicated these barriers in different geographical contexts: however, these barriers are rarely examined in Pakistan. To fulfill the research gap, this study prioritizes potential barriers. Using a literature review and a modified Delphi technique, we identify 25 sub-barriers and catalog them into 5 main categories. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) prioritizes the main barriers and sub-barriers based on potential. Grey Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (G-TOPSIS) ranks the practical alternatives to combat these barriers. The study findings specify that the "financial barrier" is the top-ranked barrier among the main categories, followed by technical, socio-cultural, institutional and administrative, and environmental barriers. The overall ranking shows that the "high starting price tag" is ranked first among all sub-barriers in all categories. It has been proposed that "appropriate financial incentives" and "promotion of customized technology" would be feasible alternative solutions to combat the issues. Based on the research findings, some policy recommendations were suggested for biogas uptake in Pakistan. This study may assist policymakers, stakeholders, and government institutions in accelerating the potential of biogas energy to alleviate energy poverty in rural areas of Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-temperature geothermal resources exist throughout entire Iran, and there is tremendous potential for new direct-use applications. Recent surveys identified many thermal springs and low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resource areas, and hundreds of potential direct-use sites. Direct utilizing geothermal energy in homes and commercial operations is much more costly than utilizing fossil fuels in Iran because of highly subsidized fossil fuels in an oil-reach country such as Iran. But geothermal energy is also very clean, producing only a small percentage (and in many cases none) of the air pollutants emitted by burning fossil fuels. Thus, governmental support for the development of these clean energy sources is required. Geothermal energy becomes immense potential to contribute to our clean energy future. In this paper, we described how the new Iranian legislation on green energy development can be changed to have effective support for the development of direct utilization of geothermal energy in the future. Government can help bring this cleaner energy future to reality by increasing funding for geothermal research, development, and demonstration; streamlining permitting; offering financial incentives to ease geothermal adoption into the marketplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to alleviate the contradictions between coal industry and power industry, promote the synergistic development of the two industry, reduce the waste of resources caused by the coal-power game, and enhance low-carbon development, China has promulgated a number of policies to promote the development of coal and electricity joint venture project. This paper firstly provides an overview of coal and electricity joint venture policies issued by the state in recent years, and analyzes the actual implementation of these policies. Secondly, it analyzes and compares the policy evaluation methods and identifies the most suitable methods for evaluating the effectiveness of coal and electricity joint venture policies. Finally, this paper uses the level of synergistic development of coal and electricity joint venture complex system to evaluate and verify the effectiveness of coal and electricity joint venture policies, and point out the future development direction of coal and electricity joint venture policies.

In order to calculate the carbon emissions in the construction process to achieve low-carbon buildings and low-carbon construction, the author puts forward the calculation and evaluation of building thermal energy consumption and carbon emissions based on building information modeling (BIM) technology. The author first proposed the important value and application of BIM technology in energy consumption evaluation of green buildings, taking a gymnasium as an example, a carbon emission accounting system for building construction and installation process is established based on BIM technology, and the carbon emissions in building construction and installation process are calculated and analyzed. The results show that the carbon emission during the construction and installation of a gymnasium is 766300 tons, of which the carbon emission caused by building materials is 737200 tons, the carbon emission caused by mechanical equipment is 4500 tons, and that caused by office and living is 34500 tons, accounting for 94.90%, 0.59%, and 4.51%, respectively. In conclusion through data analysis, determine the largest carbon emission source in the construction process, and then propose targeted carbon emission reduction measures in the construction process of the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transforming financial systems has been considered a promising avenue to ensure financial flows consistent with low carbon and climate resilient development. An important first step to do so has often been the development of sustainable finance roadmaps. Drawing on key stakeholder interviews in Indonesia in 2019–2020, this article examines how Indonesia's sustainable finance roadmap has unfolded on the ground and investigates key challenges to its effective implementation. The study finds that there has been high procedural compliance by financial institutions through developing sustainable finance action plans and submitting annual sustainability reports to the financial regulator. However, there is considerable variation and inconsistency in interpreting what constitutes a 'green' project among financial institutions, enabling some financial institutions to engage in little more than tokenism. With the limited regulatory oversight currently provided, it is difficult to see how financial institutions might be incentivised to do more or how tangible sustainability outcomes can be achieved. This article proposes potential means of overcoming some of the blockages in implementing the roadmap, which include greater intervention to incentivise climate finance by Indonesia's central bank. Key policy insights Indonesia's sustainable finance roadmap is well underway in which most financial institutions have been compliant to sustainable finance regulations. However, with limited substantive regulatory oversight it is difficult to see tangible sustainable outcomes; Sustainable finance regulations and regulatory oversight needs to be improved through enhanced disclosure standards and risk management processes and incentives for compliance; Greater intervention by Indonesia's central bank is needed to fast-track sustainable finance by stipulating green macro prudential regulations that incentivise or direct resources away from carbon intensive sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and application of digital technology has brought profound influences on our economic development. It is therefore urgent to measure such impact on low carbon development. This study aims to measure the impact of digital economy development among Chinese provinces by using an intermediary effects model and conducting heterogeneity analysis. The results show that digital economy can facilitate low carbon development in China by alleviating capital and labor market distortions. Industrial digitization has the greatest impact, while digital industrialization has the smallest impact. Moreover, from a region perspective, digital economy is more effective to promote low carbon development in those eastern regions, while it is critical to improve the digital economy development environment in those central and western regions. Finally, several policy recommendations are raised by considering the Chinese realities. • The role of digital economy on promoting low carbon development is evaluated; • A fully arranged polygonal graphical index method is developed for such evaluation; • The intermediation channel of factor market distortion is explored; • Regional disparity is investigated to prepare more region-specific policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Presenting an assessment framework to provide more comprehensive decision support. • Customized applications with experts and policymakers in more than 40 countries. • Multi-method integration to inform sustainable development planning. • Integration of methods and models to enable more systemic policy assessments. • Insight into process and outcome-related benefits for selected applications. Given the increasing interconnectedness of social, economic, and environmental systems, it is increasingly evident there is a need for a new generation of decision support systems to assess the sustainability of development strategies. While existing tools are valuable for conducting detailed assessments within specific sectors, their limitations in establishing cross-sectoral connections and feedback loops often lead to incomplete insights and potential oversight of adverse impacts in other sectors. To address this limitation, we describe an integrated assessment framework that we have successfully applied in collaboration with non-governmental organizations and governments across more than 40 countries. The framework aims to provide a customized analytical approach tailored to specific policy challenges. While System Dynamics serves as the core methodology, the framework promotes the integration of additional methodologies and sectoral modeling results as needed. Four case studies are presented to illustrate the framework's impacts on policy and project outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the perspective of transportation resource allocation efficiency, it is significant to explore the impact of transportation resource allocation efficiency on urban low-carbon development, which is of theoretical guidance value and practical significance to help China achieve the dual-carbon goal as soon as possible. This paper takes the panel data of 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from 2008 to 2021 as samples, adopts the entropy value method and the entropy weight TOPSIS method to measure the level of urban low-carbon development, and utilizes the super-efficiency SBM model to measure the efficiency of transportation resource allocation. The benchmark regression model is used to analyze the direct impact of transportation resource allocation efficiency on urban low-carbon development, and per capita carbon emission is selected as the mediating variable for mechanism analysis. It is found that transportation resource allocation efficiency has a significant positive impact on urban low-carbon development. In addition, the mechanism test shows that transportation resource allocation efficiency can promote low-carbon urban development by reducing per capita carbon emissions. Lastly, the impact of transportation resource allocation efficiency on urban low-carbon development contributes significantly to the eastern, western, and less developed regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionThe construction of the Yangtze River Delta ecological green development demonstration area aims to take the lead in exploring an eco-friendly development model, demonstrating and leading the higher quality integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta in China.MethodsThrough literature research, expert inquiries, and policy documents as the guidance, this study builds an ecological green high-quality development evaluation system for the demonstration area, including building an index system composed of 4 first-class indicators, 16 second-class indicators and 42 third-class indicators derived from economy, society and environment system, determining the index weight through the network analytic hierarchy process, and establishing the comprehensive evaluation index (CEI) and differential diagnosis index (DDI) of high-quality development, which is based on the relevant theory of statistical comprehensive index.ResultsThe establishment of this system provides a complete theoretical support and scientific guidance for the comprehensive evaluation of high-quality ecological green development and more balanced development of the demonstration area; and it can point out the development direction for the subsequent development of the Yangtze River Delta.DiscussionHowever, due to the availability of data, there is still room for further improvement in this paper. In the future research, the model can be used to evaluate the high-quality development level of the demonstration area through the relevant data of the demonstration area.

Reconciling carbon emissions and GDP development is a challenge for most Chinese cities in the sustainable development process. Taking the Yangtze River Delta of China as an example, this study calculated carbon-emission inventories for five typical years and assigned anthropogenic carbon emissions to land-use types. A multi-objective particle swarm algorithm was used to consider three functions of land-use allocation: maximizing GDP, minimizing carbon emissions, and maximizing suitability. Thereafter, the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was combined to find the optimal solution for carbon emission and economic development trade-offs. It is observed that Jiangsu has the largest carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta region; energy consumption is the main source of the carbon emissions, and industrial land is the most carbon intensive region. The land-use allocation obtained by multi-objective optimization with the TOPSIS evaluation method increases GDP and reduces carbon emissions, which is worthy of reference for land planners. Land use optimization from the perspective of balancing carbon emissions and economic development can provide a useful reference for the rational use of land resources and socio-economic sustainable development.

At the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly, China clearly put forward the goals of ''carbon peak'' in 2030 and ''carbon neutrality'' in 2060. Achievement of carbon targets. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to analyze the low-carbon development level of China's power industry and study the impact of carbon market policies on the low-carbon development level of the power industry. Based on this, this paper first constructs the low-carbon development evaluation index system of the power industry around the connotation of low-carbon development in the power industry and uses the global principal component analysis model to measure the low-carbon development level of China's power industry. Then, the dynamic change trend and spatial distribution characteristics of the low-carbon development level of China's power industry are analyzed using kernel density estimation and the K-means clustering method. Finally, propensity score matching and difference-in-difference methods are used to analyze the impact of carbon market policies on the low-carbon development level of China's power industry. The results show that, first, the low-carbon development level of China's power industry generally shows an upward trend and a polarized development trend. Second, the low-carbon development level of China's power industry has regional effects and gradient effects. The low-carbon development level of the power industry from high to low is the eastern region, central region and western region. Third, carbon market policies can help improve the low-carbon development level of China's power industry. The research results provide some reference and guidance for the evaluation of the low-carbon development level of China's power industry and the improvement of carbon market policies.

The coordination relationship between new-type urbanization and urban low-carbon development under the goal of carbon neutrality has become a hot issue that needs to be focused on when formulating policies. Based on the estimation of urban CO2 emissions by night light data, this study used spatial autocorrelation, spatial Markov chain and geographically weighted regression model to measure the spatial correlation and spillover effects of the coupling coordination degree of two systems in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2005 to 2018 and analyzed the influencing factors. The results showed that (1) the coupling coordination degree showed an increasing trend, but the club effect was quite obvious, and the regional pattern was higher in southeast and lower in northwest; (2) the spatial spillover effect of coupling coordination degree is significant, which aggravates the long-term persistence of the imbalance pattern; (3) regional economic level, government fiscal regulation, and industrial upgrading are the main driving forces for the increase of coupling coordination degree, while over-concentration of population and low energy efficiency are the main obstacles. Finally, on the basis of these conclusions, we provide targeted policy planning suggestions for policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, Indonesia has adopted Low Carbon Development (LCD) in its Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024. One of the priority activities is agriculture, which accounts for 12.21% of total greenhouse gas emissions. The agricultural sector is the victim affected by CO2 emissions, such as degradation, shrinkage of agricultural resources, land and water, shifting planting seasons, crop failures, decreased food production due to rising air temperatures, floods, and droughts. Greenhouse gas emissions are predicted to continue to increase along with the increasing demand for food. The purpose of this study is to predict and find an alternative policy framework for low-carbon development in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative and qualitative approach by Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and multicriteria policy (MULTIPOL) analysis. The data were obtained through secondary data in 2014-2018, and the primary data are in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and field observations. The results of ANN show that the predictions of provinces that need to adopt low-carbon development in Indonesia are dominated in production centers such as Java Island, so an alternative policy framework using MULTIPOL is needed. Furthermore, this research establishes three scenarios, eight policies, twenty-six actions, and nine evaluative criteria in analyzing the LCD of the agricultural sector. The results indicate that LCD can be conducted by integrating the speed scenario (S2) with a value ranging from 6.3 (policy to increase capacity and quality of human resources) to 18.7 (circular economy). This scenario accommodates policies related to low carbon reduction and agricultural production increase, such as a circular economy, co-benefit adaptation strategies, low carbon technology innovation, and strengthening low carbon networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon emission reduction in China is of great significance to curb global warming. Based on the land use perspective, the spatial characteristics of carbon emissions and carbon sinks in 30 Chinese provinces were analyzed and the carbon balance was partitioned by combining the economic contribution coefficient (ECC) and ecological support coefficient (ESC). It was found that (1) the intensity of land use in China is strong, being high in the southeast and low in the northwest, divided by the Heihe–Tengchong Line, and carbon source and carbon sink lands show clear spatial heterogeneity. (2) Total carbon emissions show clear spatial heterogeneity. Carbon emissions from construction land are the main source of carbon emissions. The carbon emission intensity and per capita carbon emissions are both high in the north and low in the south. (3) The total carbon sink is high in the north–south and low in the middle of the country, and woodland and grassland are the main sites of terrestrial carbon absorption. The overall carbon sink intensity shows a continuous decrease from southeast to northwest. (4) Based on the ECC and ESC indicators, 30 provinces were divided into four carbon zones and differentiated low-carbon development suggestions are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving carbon neutrality in agricultural production is a common challenge faced by agricultural development around the world. If China’s agriculture sector intends to achieve the “dual carbon” goal, the focus should be on the agricultural carbon emission of smallholder farmers and their organized production. This study discusses the impact of smallholder structure and organized production on carbon emission, and the interaction mechanism. To describe the causal relationship and mechanism, the structural degree of smallholder farmers and the total carbon emission in the regions were measured, the provincial panel data were constructed, and then the fixed-effects model and intermediary mechanism test were used for empirical analysis. The results show that in the current stage of agricultural development, the high proportion of smallholders in the region will lead to more agricultural carbon emissions. Although organized production services can reduce carbon emissions, the structure of smallholders will inhibit the scale of the organization, thus hindering carbon emission reduction. It is stated that inhibition is the intermediary path for carbon emissions. This study suggests that the government should improve policies to guide smallholders to operate on an appropriate scale, strengthen policies to encourage smallholders to use socialized agricultural production services, and support smallholders in developing highly valuable ecological agriculture.

China is ambitiously moving towards "carbon emission peak" and "carbon neutral" targets, and the power sector is in the vanguard. The coordination of power and hydrogen energy storage (HES) can improve energy utilization rate, promoting the deep decarbonization of power industry and realizing energy cascade utilization. However, limited by technology, cost, environment, society and other factors there are few application projects. Identifying major barriers and eliminating unimportant factors can make problem solving more efficient. Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) combined with interpretative structural modeling (ISM) method is innovatively used to establish a barrier analysis framework for HES applied in multiple power scenarios. This method can show the direction and degree of the impact relationship between barriers and determine key ones, which is conducive to presenting targeted and effective solutions. Additionally, the interval type-2 fuzzy set (IT2FS) is introduced to reduce the distortion of evaluation information and ensure the rationality of analysis. Specifically, a comprehensive barrier system taking into account both commonalities and characteristics is established firstly. For different decision considerations, four typical power scenarios are screened to better illustrate how critical barriers play different roles in different scenarios. Then, the proposed analytical framework is applied to identify the key barriers in each scenario and find out the interlinking relationship among the barriers. The results suggest that technical barriers tend to dominate the fundamental barriers. Among that, immature hydrogen storage and transportation technology is a prevalent and fundamental barrier. Besides, high initial investment cost and high P2X conversion costs are crucial reasons that prevent relevant investors from entering the market. And inadequate policy has led to a poor environment for HES development. It's worth noting that, other key barriers focused on each scenario are not the same, and also are discussed in detail in this study. Finally, comprehensive solutions and policy suggestions to eliminate or reduce the barriers are presented. • This paper focuses on promoting hydrogen energy storage application in power field. • 14 barriers from economic, technological, political, environment & social aspects. • Analyze barrier relationships in different scenarios for different considerations. • Fuzzy-ISM-DEMATEL method is applied to analyze barriers system. • Comprehensive policy suggestions are proposed based on analysis results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Building Materials / Xinxing Jianzhu Cailiao is the property of New Building Materials Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fiscal and taxation policy tools play an important role in promoting green and low-carbon development. Based on classical tax theory, including the Potter hypothesis and the environmental Kuznets curve, this paper explores the impact of environmental tax regulation on economic growth and carbon emission reduction. We find that resource tax reform could promote green total factor productivity; however, the ad valorem reform of resource tax does not significantly raise the level of low carbon development. This effect varies among different regions as well as different tax cuts and fee reductions. Fiscal revenue decentralization has a reverse adjustment effect on the impact of resource taxes on green total factor productivity. We conclude that it is necessary to deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system to achieve the carbon neutrality and emission peak goal.

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) proposes to accelerate the development of the digital economy and promote "carbon neutrality". In 2020, China announced a "double carbon" target. In 2022, the size of China's digital economy has reached 7.5 trillion dollars, ranking second in the world. Against this background, this paper takes 211 cities in China from 2011 to 2019 as the research object and tries to sort out the impact of the development of the digital economy on the carbon efficiency of cities in order to find an effective path for cities to realize low-carbon development. The results of the study show that the development of the digital economy significantly improves the carbon efficiency level of Chinese cities. After a series of endogeneity and robustness tests, the conclusion still holds. Public environmental concern and technological innovation are the key mediating paths. In addition, the digital economy has a significant non-linear effect on the carbon efficiency of Chinese cities. On the one hand, the low-carbon effect of the digital economy is only realized when the level of digital economy development is lower than the critical value of 0.040 and higher than the critical value of 0.085; on the other hand, the lower the level of urban carbon efficiency is, the greater the effect of the digital economy on urban carbon efficiency. Further research shows that the digital economy has a significant spatial spillover effect on the improvement of urban carbon efficiency, and the development of the digital economy not only helps to improve the carbon efficiency level of the local city but also positively influences the improvement of the carbon efficiency of neighboring cities through the spatial spillover effect. The heterogeneity study found that in eastern cities and megacities, the digital economy has a more obvious effect on the improvement of carbon efficiency. In the context of the booming digital economy, this paper tries to find an effective new path for urban low-carbon development by means of developing the digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of urban stock development, advocating low-carbon travel and reducing transportation carbon emissions will help promote the realization of the “dual carbon” goal. Based on the urban planning and design concept of “small block, dense road network”, the paper analyzes the cases of low-carbon transportation-oriented road network planning and construction in the Netherlands, and summarizes the design concept and implementation method of road network planning of public transportation and slow traffic friendly blocks. The successful experiences of low-carbon transportation-oriented city construction in the Netherlands are summarized, in order to provide the reference for low-carbon urban development in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has been considerable concerned because of the increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Gansu province is a typical less-developed and heavy chemical industrial province, its CO2 emission per unit of the gross domestic product (GDP) is 252.52 ton per million Chinese yuan (t/M-CNY) in 2019, which is 48.42% more than national average value. Gansu province faces the following dual pressures including maintaining economic growth and reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This paper establishes a low carbon development system dynamics model in order to investigate the effects of four carbon reduction measures (technical progress, industrial transformation, fuel substitution, and low carbon awareness) on reducing CO2 emission over the period of 2020–2030. The simulation results indicate that, without direct intervention, the CO2 emissions per unit of GDP is projected to be 171.34 t/M-CNY by 2030. While utilizing technical progress, implementing industrial transformation, fuel substitution, and low carbon awareness could potentially be 2.12%, 3.33%, 0.72% and 1.27%, respectively less than that. For the sake of achieving the goal of CO2 reduction in the long run, the local government should address today's industrial transformation and adopt reasonable combination of adjustment and control policies immediately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wind power generator have been operational since 1888. Over this period, various types of wind turbine generator have been developed from the existing types of electric machines. In this review, three main generators: DC generators, Induction generators and Synchronous generators along with their sub – types were examined on the basis of their construction, operation, inherent advantages and disadvantages. DC generator are uneconomical, the squirrel cage induction generators although rugged, simple and economical operates as a fixed speed generator. The wound rotor induction generator operate on a wider speed range than the squirrel cage induction generators but the speed range is smaller compared tothe double field induction generator (DFIG) configuration with speed range of ± 30%. The DFIG is an excellent generator for grid connected wind power system. The synchronous generator is an ideal variable speed generator for wind power generation and the permanent magnet type is very suitable for small stand –alone and large wind system.

Access to modern energy services is critical to realising a number of socioeconomic development challenges such as poverty eradication and improved health conditions. However, despite the plethora of energy resources in Nigeria, access to modern energy services in the country is still abysmal. With its per capita energy demand among the lowest in the world as well as its projected population growth rate, Nigeria’s energy demand is expected to continue growing in the future. At the same time, Nigeria is faced with the severe threat of climate change which further exacerbates poverty in the country. Going forward, a transition to a low carbon development path is urgently needed. This essay discusses different options available for decarbonisation of the Nigerian economy.

Manageability has gotten a significant measure of interest and has been assigned to the board. As a contextual investigation, this paper presents a survey of articles focusing on the meaning of creation and the activities of executives in the manageability of the assembling business, with a specific focus on fossil fuel by-products involving the food and drink industry. This study reviewed current articles that cut across production quality, operation management, and tools for the sustainable development of food and beverages in manufacturing industries. The papers are arranged and examined by the three fundamental areas of activities of the board (issue, execution methodology, and improvement). The concentrate additionally dissects the papers as indicated by whether they address the importance of the activity the board manages towards Nutrition, Health, and Wellness Company, which will be the case study. From this research, it was observed that the activity of the executives shows up as a pertinent variable in all center areas of supportable assembly research; however, the bearing and strength of its effect remain dubious. The research looks at how administrators can effectively manage the problems associated with fossil fuels through products and quality nutrition, health, and wellness of the company for both consumers and employees.

From a global perspective, climate change mitigation requires countries to consider Low-Carbon Development (LCD) policies, including "Low-Carbon Transport (LCT)" and decarbonization options, which should be ideally developed within a place-based scope. Due to the complex structure of the transportation sector, mitigation actions require not only technological but also behavioral shifts, which can be challenged by the existing legislative and socio-economic structure of a region. Therefore, it is essential to identify and assess barriers and opportunities (B&Os) as a necessary initial phase in the development of national mitigation strategies. Turkey voluntarily started climate change mitigation by preparing the legislative and political infrastructure as a part of the European Union Harmonization Process. Detection of B&Os in other dimensions required an in-depth evaluation of existing LCT barriers and instruments (B&Is) in the IPCC literature in terms of their applicability and priority for Turkey. A focus group study with transport sector representatives was conducted to evaluate 15 barriers and 19 instruments (proposing 285 B&I matrix combinations), followed by a brain-writing exercise that revealed 12 main barriers (i.e., a lack of measurable targets, an imbalanced modal split, a lack of institutional coordination and data archiving, etc.). Various opportunities have been identified, such as the increased utilization of Intelligent Transportation Systems and the timely adoption of vehicle and fuel technologies in the EU region. These opportunities would not only contribute to the development of a national climate change mitigation strategy but also facilitate the implementation of place-based action plans, including climate change action plans and sustainable urban mobility plans at the city level. • Detection of barriers and opportunities is crucial for decarbonization in countries. • A five-step methodology was developed. • Survey, brain-writing and roundtable discussions were performed. • Major barriers included lack of measurable targets, imbalanced modal split and lack of coordination. • Intelligent transportation systems, new vehicle and fuel technologies were major opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digitalization of finance drives economic development and plays a crucial role in energy conservation and carbon emission reduction. Utilizing carbon emissions data from 2011 to 2020, we find that digital finance development can mitigate carbon emissions intensity (CEI) by approximately 0.14 %. Then, we employ a diverse set of robustness and endogeneity tests to assess the reliability of the empirical findings. Moreover, the study delves into how digital finance impacts CEI through production technology innovation (PTI) and green technology innovation (GTI). The results indicate a positive effect of PTI on CEI. GTI exerts a negative influence on CEI. In addition, there is a chain mediation effect between PTI and GTI in the baseline path. Finally, the impact of digital finance on CEI exhibits apparent regional heterogeneity., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

The Paris agreement called on parties to formulate long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies. This paper aims to contribute to the definition of Colombia's mid-century strategy. For this, we use the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) to develop three representative pathways toward deep decarbonization by mid-century. We explore what might happen under Colombia's current policy trajectory, and in the context of 30% and 90% reductions in CO2 emissions by mid-century. The scenarios are intended to provide insights into strategic issues at the heart of long-term climate policy planning. We find that current and announced policies do not lead to net-zero emissions and that decarbonization requires early and sustained efforts toward clean energy production. We also find that stopping deforestation and intensifying agriculture are key components in any effort to decarbonize and for improving livelihoods. The use of emerging technologies such as sustainable bio-based fuels, the electrification of the transport fleet and the massive deployment of carbon free power generation will play a crucial role in decarbonization.

Energy, especially fossil fuels, plays an important role in ensuring economic growth and improving people’s quality of life. Carbon dioxide emissions produced by fossil fuels is regarded as one of the main factors of global climate change. Although there are different opinions towards the issue of global warming, international communities have made substantial efforts in reducing national and global carbon dioxide emissions. However, low carbon development has been advocated by many countries as a new development model. Low carbon development is defined as utilizing less carbon to promote economic growth in the future. In our age of the increasing importance of climate change, low carbon development is a new form of sustainable development. The ultimate aim of low carbon development is to achieve environmental, economic and social sustainable development. In this context, country comparisons obtained by evaluation of low carbon development indicators are important. In this study, low carbon development levels of European Union countries and Turkey were evaluated by Grey Relational Analysis, which is a multiple criteria decision-making approach.

Energy price is a key factor in reducing carbon emissions. This paper assesses the relationship between energy prices and carbon emissions from the industrial sector in China. Using panel data covering 31 industrial sectors for the period 2003 to 2015, we calculate the industrial energy price index and then estimate the effects of sector-level energy prices on carbon emissions based on a panel smooth transition regression model. The results show that the nexus between industrial energy prices and carbon emissions is nonlinear overall, and energy prices have a significantly negative effect on carbon emissions, while this negative effect gradually weakens with an increase in energy prices. Moreover, the negative effect of energy prices on carbon emissions is more significant in energy-intensive sectors when energy prices exceed the threshold value. The findings emphasize the importance of energy prices for energy conservation and emission reduction and imply that energy prices can be used as a regulation tool for government industrial energy saving and emission reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]