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Introduction: Anemia and malnutrition are recognized indicators of suboptimal physical condition in chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between anemia, low body mass index (BMI), and clinical outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Method: This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the multicenter ChinaSpA cohort. A total of 4146 participants with axSpA were categorized into four groups based on BMI and hemoglobin levels: those with both anemia and low BMI, those with anemia only, those with low BMI only, and those with neither condition. Logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the association between anemia, low BMI, inflammation status, functional impairment, and disease activity. Results: Anemia was present in 13.94%, low BMI in 11.99%, and both conditions in 2.15% of axSpA participants. Those with both anemia and low BMI showed significantly higher levels of inflammation (hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hsCRP] 30.60 mg/L vs. 8.44 mg/L), functional impairment (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index [BASFI] 3.80 vs. 2.10), and disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] 4.52 ± 2.04 vs. 3.67 ± 2.21; Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score calculated with C-reactive protein [ASDAS_CRP] 3.51 ± 1.10 vs. 2.62 ± 1.21) compared to those without these conditions. After adjusting for sex and age, significant associations were observed between elevated hsCRP levels and the presence of low BMI (odds ratio [OR] 1.44, 95% CI 1.17–1.78), anemia (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.56–2.32), and their concurrent presence (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.22–5.80). Similarly, increased BASFI was significantly associated with low BMI (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.25–1.97), anemia (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.19–1.80), and their combination (OR 3.11, 95% CI 2.02–4.78). Conclusion: All-cause anemia and low BMI are prevalent complications in patients with axSpA, exhibiting a significant correlation with elevated inflammation status and functional impairment. The simultaneous occurrence of anemia and low BMI particularly exacerbates clinical outcomes, emphasizing the critical role of comprehensive nutritional assessment and management in the therapeutic strategy for axSpA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Gestational weight gain (GWG) constitutes an essential aspect of the gestational process. Due to factors such as pregestational body mass index (BMI), nutritional intake, level of physical activity, and psychological aspects, the recommended GWG may not be achieved, leading to adverse neonatal outcomes. Adolescents, due to their physiological and mental developmental stage, are at a higher risk of inappropriate GWG. Our aim is to highlight the importance of GWG in our population and to determine the correlation with perinatal outcomes. Methods. Pregnant adolescents who attended a tertiary care institution for prenatal care were included; maternal data such as preBMI and GWG were used to determine maternal and neonatal outcomes using the chi-square test and OR determination. Results. A total of 202 adolescent pregnant patients were included, comprising those with inadequate GWG (n = 70), adequate GWG (n = 85), and excessive GWG (n = 47). A statistically significant association was found between low BMI and inadequate GWG. Patients with inadequate GWG demonstrated a correlation with IUGR and low birth weight, while patients with excessive GWG gave birth to macrosomic neonates. Conclusion. We concluded that previous habits play a significant role in determining weight gain throughout pregnancy. GWG has a direct impact on neonatal growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction Anemia and malnutrition are recognized indicators of suboptimal physical condition in chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between anemia, low body mass index (BMI), and clinical outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Method This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the multicenter ChinaSpA cohort. A total of 4146 participants with axSpA were categorized into four groups based on BMI and hemoglobin levels: those with both anemia and low BMI, those with anemia only, those with low BMI only, and those with neither condition. Logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the association between anemia, low BMI, inflammation status, functional impairment, and disease activity. Results Anemia was present in 13.94%, low BMI in 11.99%, and both conditions in 2.15% of axSpA participants. Those with both anemia and low BMI showed significantly higher levels of inflammation (hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hsCRP] 30.60 mg/L vs. 8.44 mg/L), functional impairment (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index [BASFI] 3.80 vs. 2.10), and disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] 4.52 ± 2.04 vs. 3.67 ± 2.21; Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score calculated with C-reactive protein [ASDAS_CRP] 3.51 ± 1.10 vs. 2.62 ± 1.21) compared to those without these conditions. After adjusting for sex and age, significant associations were observed between elevated hsCRP levels and the presence of low BMI (odds ratio [OR] 1.44, 95% CI 1.17–1.78), anemia (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.56–2.32), and their concurrent presence (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.22–5.80). Similarly, increased BASFI was significantly associated with low BMI (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.25–1.97), anemia (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.19–1.80), and their combination (OR 3.11, 95% CI 2.02–4.78). Conclusion All-cause anemia and low BMI are prevalent complications in patients with axSpA, exhibiting a significant correlation with elevated inflammation status and functional impairment. The simultaneous occurrence of anemia and low BMI particularly exacerbates clinical outcomes, emphasizing the critical role of comprehensive nutritional assessment and management in the therapeutic strategy for axSpA.

Background: Low body mass index (LBMI) was associated with longer colonoscopy procedure time and procedural failure, and commonly considered to be a risk factor for post-endoscopic adverse events, but evidence is lacking. Aim: We aimed to assess the association between serious adverse events (SAE) and LBMI. Methods: A single center retrospective cohort of patients with LBMI (BMI ≤ 18.5) undergoing an endoscopic procedure was matched (1:2 ratio) to a comparator group (19 ≤ BMI ≤ 30). Matching was performed according to age, gender, inflammatory bowel disease or malignancy diagnoses, previous abdomino-pelvic surgery, anticoagulation therapy and type of endoscopic procedure. The primary outcome was SAE, defined as bleeding, perforation, aspiration or infection, following the procedure. The attribution between each SAE and the endoscopic procedure was determined. Secondary outcomes included each complication alone and endoscopy-attributed SAEs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied. Results: 1986 patients were included (662 in the LBMI group). Baseline characteristics were mostly similar between the groups. The primary outcome occurred in 31/662 (4.7%) patients in the LBMI group and in 41/1324 (3.1%) patients in the comparator group (p = 0.098). Among the secondary outcomes, infections (2.1% vs. 0.8%, p = 0.016) occurred more frequently in the LBMI group. Multivariate analysis revealed an association between SAE and LBMI (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.07–2.87), male gender, diagnosis of malignancy, high-risk endoscopic procedure, age > 40 years, and ambulatory setting. Conclusion: Low BMI was associated with higher post-endoscopic serious adverse events. Special attention is required when performing endoscopy in this fragile patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate two different gonadotropin‐releasing (pituitary downregulating) hormones used in in vitro fertilization (IVF) on the live birth rate in young patients with low body mass index (BMI) undergoing their first IVF cycle. Methods: In a retrospective study in a single public medical center, 555 long gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRH‐a) protocols were compared with 431 prolonged GnRH‐a protocols between 2016 and 2018. All analyses were performed using the SPSS version 22.0. The primary measured outcome was live birth rate. Results: Compared with the long protocol, the prolonged protocol required more doses of gonadotropin and a longer duration of ovarian stimulation. Lower levels of serum luteinizing hormone and serum estrogen were detected on the day of chorionic gonadotropin administration, and a lower fertilization rate was found in the prolonged protocol. Although more oocytes were retrieved and more frozen embryos were recorded in the prolonged protocol, the live birth rate per fresh cycle was comparable between the two protocols (P = 0.057). The incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was higher in the prolonged protocol group. In the subgroup of women with antral follicle count (AFC) of 12 or less, there was no difference in the live birth rate between the two protocols (P = 0.688). However, for women with AFC > greater than 12, the prolonged protocol was still a positive predictor of live birth rate. The odds ratio was 1.73 (95% confidence interval 1.04–2.89). Conclusion: The prolonged protocol might not increase the live birth rate in women with low BMI who are undergoing their first IVF cycle. However, for women with AFC greater than 12, a prolonged protocol could be a good choice to improve the live birth rate. Synopsis: Prolonged protocols were a positive predictor of live birth rate in young patients with antral follicle count below 12 and low BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complications of breast reconstruction using deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps in non-slim patients are well recognized. However, the effects of this surgery performed on slim patients are yet to be consolidated. This study aims to compare the outcomes of performing DIEP flap breast reconstruction in slim and non-slim body mass index (BMI) patients. Meta-analysis was performed with a multi-database search (Cochrane, EMBASE, OVID Medline, PubMed, and Web of Sciences) according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines on 1 February 2021. Data from articles meeting inclusion criteria were extracted and analyzed with an inverse variance statistical model. Seven studies were included, comprising 574 slim patients and 901 non-slim BMI patients who underwent autologous DIEP flap breast reconstruction. When comparing between the slim and non-slim groups, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of complete flap loss (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.11–2.68, p =0.44), partial flap loss (OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.3–2.82, p =0.88), and fat necrosis (OR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.61–1.37, p =0.66). Similarly, in terms of general surgical complications, there was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of all complications (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.45–1.51, p =0.54), abdominal wound healing complications (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.59–1.73, p =0.97), infections (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.41–1.37, p =0.34), and seroma (OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.35–227, p =0.81). There is no increased risk of postoperative complications in either group. DIEP flaps can be safely performed in slim patients, though higher quality research may be required to further confirm this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a paucity of literature evaluating the effect of low body mass index (BMI) in female patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy. Purpose: (1) To report minimum 2-year patient-reported outcome scores for female patients with low BMI who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and (2) to compare these results with a propensity-matched control group of female patients with normal BMI. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3 Methods: Data were collected on all female patients who had low BMI (<18.5) and underwent primary hip arthroscopy between April 2008 and January 2019. Patients were excluded if they had a previous hip arthroscopy; had workers' compensation; were unwilling to participate in the study; or had Tönnis osteoarthritis grade >1, acetabular dysplasia, or a previous hip condition. Minimum 2-year patient-reported outcomes were collected for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), visual analog scale for pain, and satisfaction. The percentage of patients achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIST) was also recorded. These patients were propensity matched in a 1:2 ratio to female patients with normal BMI for comparison. Results: A total of 43 patients (49 hips) were included with a mean ± SD follow-up of 26.9 ± 8.3 months, age of 24.1 ± 12.6 years, and BMI of 17.7 ± 0.67. These patients demonstrated significant improvement from presurgery to minimum 2-year follow-up for the mHHS, Non-Arthritic Hip Score, HOS-SSS, and visual analog scale (P <.05). When outcomes were compared with 93 control patients (97 hips), female patients with low BMI demonstrated lower rates of achieving the PASS for the mHHS (61.2% vs 77.3%; P =.041) and HOS-SSS (39.5% vs 57.1%; P =.031). Rates of achieving the MCID and MOIST were similar between the groups (P >.05). Female patients with low BMI also had higher rates of revision when compared with the control group, but this did not reach statistical significance (14.2% vs 7.2%; P =.171). Conclusion: Female patients with low BMI undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome demonstrated significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes at minimum 2-year follow-up. When compared with a propensity-matched control group with normal BMI, these patients demonstrated lower rates of achieving the PASS for the mHHS and HOS-SSS. Low BMI in females undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS may adversely affect outcomes at short-term follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) and the risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Design:Observational cross sectional study. Setting: Saraswati Medical College (UP), Madhubani Medical College (Bihar),Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute & research Centre(Gujarat) Subjects: The total sample size was taken 200,out of which 31 were gestational hypertensive and 169 the gestational normotensive based upon set of inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Methods:Blood pressure was measured intermittently, height and weight, urinary excretion of uric acid and their biochemical investigations were taken into account and hence divided categorically under clinically diagnosed gestational hypertensive and normotensive. And thus with the calculation of BMI by height and weight, their BMI was compared between normotensive and hypertensive using p-value. Tests for differences in crude incidence proportions were performed using Chi-square tests. The study was carried out after seeking approval from SVIEC, Vadodara Results. The proportion of patients having gestational hypertension and normal hypertension was 31:167,whose mean value of BMI were respectively 23.9341 and 22.04296. Though none came under obese category. Taking mean and standard deviation into consideration,the gestational women with higher BMI showed higher risk of developing gestational hypertension than normotensive women(1.03E-19<0.05). Conclusions. We found that women with low BMI were significantly less likely to develop gestational hypertension or preeclampsia than women with a normal BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Metabolic surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with obesity. However, the efficacy in patients with body mass index (BMI) < 32.5 kg/m2, especially in Asian populations, has not been widely reported, and there are few studies on the prediction of diabetes remission. Methods: We evaluated 112 patients with T2DM who underwent metabolic surgery between October 2008 and November 2019. The basic data of the patients were collected, and clinical variables were measured at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after metabolic surgery. Four independent predictors of surgical outcomes were identified to construct the prediction score. Results: Diabetes remission occurred for 38 of the 112 patients. Ninety patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, while the remaining 22 patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy. Weight, glucose, and lipid metabolism parameters were improved significantly after metabolic surgery. Age, BMI, insulin use, and duration were independent predictors of T2DM remission. The above four factors were defined with scores and developed ABID (age, BMI, insulin use, duration) scoring system. Patients with greater ABID scores had a greater probability of diabetes remission (from 0% at score 0 to 100% at score 4). Conclusions: The ABID score is a simple and easy-to-implement prediction score system of diabetes remission after metabolic surgery for T2DM patients with a BMI < 32.5 kg/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Metabolic surgery for patients with low body mass index has proven good outcomes. • Novel metabolic procedures require a balance among effectivity, simplicity and cost. • Gastro-Ileal anastomosis bypass is a simplification of Sigle Anastomosis Ileal Bypass. • Gastro-ileal anastomosis bypass (GIA-B) improves glycated hemoglobin. Several metabolic operations have been created in an attempt to enhance the equilibrium between safety, efficacy and costs of accessible metabolic surgery in diabetic patients with low body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study is to present the preliminary outcomes of a novel procedure. A Gastro-Ileal Anastomosis Bypass (GIA-B) was performed in 4 diabetic patients at Boca del Rio Hospital, Veracruz, México. The study was performed between March 2018 and October 2019. GIA-B was created at point to 300 cm from ileocecal valve that was held together with gastric antrum. Outcomes are presented and discussed. At average 14.7 months follow-up all the patients improved glycated hemoglobin(A1C), decrease antidiabetic medications and lost mild weight. Two patients had complete remission of type-2 diabetes mellitus. There were no postoperative complications. GIA-B, have a considerable metabolic effect reaching improvement of the homeostatic parameters, specially A1C, in all the cases evaluated. GIA-B appears to be technically simple and the cost is considerably lower than other metabolic procedures, especially for the saving cartridges. GIA-B could be an alternative metabolic surgery for low-BMI diabetic patients, further studies are needed to explore this procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the severity of cardioembolic stroke (CES) remains poorly understood.Method: A total of 419 consecutive CES patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), and with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0 or 1 before onset admitted within 48hours after onset to the Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center were studied. The patients were divided into three groups, low BMI (L-BMI; n = 36, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal BMI (N-BMI; n = 284, 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25.0), and high BMI (H-BMI; n = 99, BMI ≥ 25.0). We compared stroke severity and functional outcome among the three groups.Results: Stroke severity on admission, assessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) showed that patients with L-BMI had the highest NIHSS score (median, 16 [11-25]), followed by N-BMI and H-BMI (11 [5-19] and 9 [3-19], P = .002). Functional outcome at discharge, assessed by mRS, was most severe in L-BMI patients (5 [3-5]), followed by N-BMI and H-BMI (3 [1-4] and 2 [1-4], P = .001). Multivariate analyses revealed that L-BMI was a significant determinant of severe stroke (NIHSS scores ≥8) at admission (odds ratio [OR] to N-BMI = 2.79, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-7.78, P = .02) and poor functional outcome (mRS scores ≥3) at discharge (OR = 2.53, 95% CI, 1.12-6.31, P = .02). However, H-BMI did not affect stroke severity at admission or functional outcome at discharge.Conclusion: Low BMI is a risk factor for severe stroke on admission and unfavorable functional outcome at discharge in Japanese CES patients with NVAF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) has been proven to be effective on treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in severely obese patients, but whether LRYGB surgery should be performed in obese class I patients is controversial.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 3-year bariatric and metabolic outcomes in different obese class T2DM patients who underwent LRYGB was conducted to compare the effectiveness of LRYGB in obese class I patients with that in obese class II/III patients in a Chinese T2DM population.Results: Totally, 58 patients with class I obesity and 45 patients with class II/III obesity were enrolled in this study. Major complications included two cases of incomplete intestinal obstructions and one anastomotic leak. The remission rates of T2DM were 70.6% in obese class I group and 77.8% in obese class II/III group at 1 year after surgery and 55.6 versus 64.3% at 3 years (all P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher waist circumference, lower fasting plasma glucose, and higher FCP at 2 h of OGTT were independently associated with diabetes remission at 1 year after surgery. At 1 year and thereafter, the percentage of excess weight loss was significantly greater in obese class II/III patients. At 3 years, body mass index was not significantly different between the two groups, and the obese class I patients had high recurrence rates of hypertension and hyperuricemia.Conclusions: LRYGB surgery is feasible, safe, and effective in Chinese obese class I patients with T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic antiplatelet therapy in the post-acute phase of non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke is limited by the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) complications. Methods: We developed an ICH risk score based on the PERFORM trial cohort (n = 19,100), which included patients with a noncardioembolic ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, and externally validated this score in one contemporary trial of very similar size and inclusion criteria, the PRoFESS trial (n = 20,332 patients). Outcome was ICH over 2 years. A Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis identified risk factors. Discrimination was quantified with c-statistics and calibration was assessed by comparing predicted and observed ICH risk in PERFORM and PRoFESS. Results: ICH occurred within 2 years in 263 (1.4%) patients in PERFORM trial and in 246 (1.2%) patients in PRoFESS trial. A 13-point score based on 9 items (Intracranial-B 2 LEED 3 S score -- low body mass index, blood pressure, lacune, elderly, Asian ethnicity, coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease history, dual antithrombotic agent or oral anticoagulant, gender) was derived from the PERFORM trial. In PERFORM, the observed 2-year ICH risk varied from 0.75% in low-risk (score ≤ 2) to 2.44% in high-risk patients (score ≥ 5) with an acceptable calibration but a low discrimination both in PERFORM (c-statistic 0.64, 95% CI 0.61-0.68) and on external validation in PRoFESS (0.58, 95% CI 0.55--0.62). Conclusion: The Intracranial-B2 LEED3 S score helps identify patients who are at a high risk of bleeding. However, other variables need to be identified to improve the score (e.g., microbleeds) (Clinical Trial Registration Information ISRCTN66157730). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) procedure for patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with body mass index (BMI) <28 kg/m2.Methods: Thirty-one patients suffering from T2DM were selected to undergo laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and were enrolled at Beijing Shijitan Hospital between November 2012 and December 2014. The fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide, fasting insulin (FINS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) of all patients were measured before and at 1, 3, 6 months after surgery. The results were compared and analyzed.Results: Thirty-one patients suffering from T2DM successfully underwent GBP surgery (a mean age of 46 years), 14 were male and 17 were female. Among them, 7 patients had hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). The patients were followed up for 6 months. No major complications were found. The average BMI was 26.5 ± 1.4 kg/m2 before surgery. The average levels of FPG, HbA1c, C-peptide, FINS of all patients were statistically decreased after surgery, respectively, compared to those before surgery (P < 0.05). However, the mean GLP-1 of all patients was statistically increased after surgery compared to that before surgery (P < 0.05). At 6 months after surgery, 22 patients (71 %) achieved complete remission of T2DM with HbA1c < 6.5 %, 7 patients (23 %) gained partial remission of T2DM with 6.5 % ≤ HbA1c < 7.0 % and 2 patients (6 %) experienced no remission of T2DM. The mean serum triglyceride of 31 patients was statistically decreased after surgery compared to that before surgery (P < 0.05).Conclusions: This research shows that the GBP procedure is safe and effective for T2DM patients with BMI <28 kg/m2, and the condition of patients with HTG was greatly improved. However, further studies with larger samples and long-term follow-up are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) procedure for patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with body mass index (BMI) <28 kg/m2.Methods: Thirty-one patients suffering from T2DM were selected to undergo laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and were enrolled at Beijing Shijitan Hospital between November 2012 and December 2014. The fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide, fasting insulin (FINS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) of all patients were measured before and at 1, 3, 6 months after surgery. The results were compared and analyzed.Results: Thirty-one patients suffering from T2DM successfully underwent GBP surgery (a mean age of 46 years), 14 were male and 17 were female. Among them, 7 patients had hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). The patients were followed up for 6 months. No major complications were found. The average BMI was 26.5 ± 1.4 kg/m2 before surgery. The average levels of FPG, HbA1c, C-peptide, FINS of all patients were statistically decreased after surgery, respectively, compared to those before surgery (P < 0.05). However, the mean GLP-1 of all patients was statistically increased after surgery compared to that before surgery (P < 0.05). At 6 months after surgery, 22 patients (71 %) achieved complete remission of T2DM with HbA1c < 6.5 %, 7 patients (23 %) gained partial remission of T2DM with 6.5 % ≤ HbA1c < 7.0 % and 2 patients (6 %) experienced no remission of T2DM. The mean serum triglyceride of 31 patients was statistically decreased after surgery compared to that before surgery (P < 0.05).Conclusions: This research shows that the GBP procedure is safe and effective for T2DM patients with BMI <28 kg/m2, and the condition of patients with HTG was greatly improved. However, further studies with larger samples and long-term follow-up are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many previous studies estimating the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dental decay are conflicting. Most studies, however, examine the relationship using BMI as a categorical variable. This study evaluated the non-linear association between body mass index as a continuous variable and untreated dental decay. Methods: Cross-sectional study of adults free of diseases attending a tertiary dental clinic was conducted. The number of untreated caries at the time of consultation was assessed using the WHO criteria. A multivariable Poisson regression model for severity of untreated dental decay was first established. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to consider potential non-linear associations between BMI and untreated dental caries. Results: After multivariable adjustment, the prevalence ratios (PR) for the number of dental decay remained significantly associated with the age at beginning tooth brushing (PR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.05-1.25), BMI < normal (PR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.30-2.12), BMI > normal (PR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.65), SDI (PR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.50-0.75) and GI (PR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.30-1.94). When BMI was evaluated as continuous variable, it exhibited a significant U-shaped pattern with the number of untreated dental decay both in univariable and multivariable analysis. Conclusion: The rate of untreated tooth decay was associated with both under- and overweight status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the effect of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) size selection based on ideal and actual body mass on the success rate of first insertion in patients with low body mass index (BMI)., Methods: This study was performed in 137 patients aged 18-60 years with BMI below 18.5 kg/m 2 , in whom discrepancies occurred in the selection of LMA size based on their actual body mass and the ideal body mass. The patients were randomized divided into ideal body mass group and actual body mass group, in which the size of LMA was selected based on the ideal body mass and their actual body mass, respectively. The success rate of first LMA insertion, overall success rate, fiberoptic visual field grade, leakage pressure, and LMA-related complications of the patients were recorded during the maintenance and recovery of anesthesia., Results: The success rate of first LMA insertion was significantly higher in ideal body mass group than in the actual body mass group (86.8% vs 68.1%, P =0.016). Compared with those in the actual body mass group, the patients in the ideal body mass group used larger LMA ( P < 0.005) and had better fiberoptic field scores ( P =0.001) and higher airway seal pressure ( P < 0.005). The peak inspiratory pressure ( P =0.154) or the incidence of LMA-related complications during anesthesia maintenance and recovery did not differ significantly between the two groups ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: The size selection of LMA based on the ideal body mass of the patients, determined according to their height and sex, can significantly improve the success rate of first LMA insertion in patients with low BMI.

Background: Poor nutritional status is a preventable condition frequently associated with low body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study is to comparatively analyze low (≤19 kg/m(2)) and normal (19-24.9 kg/m(2)) BMI cohorts, examining if a correlation between BMI, postoperative outcomes, and resource utilization exists.Methods: Discharge data from the 2006-2012 National Inpatient Sample were used for this study. A total of 3550 total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 1315 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patient samples were divided into 2 cohorts, underweight (≤19 kg/m(2)) and normal BMI (19-24.9 kg/m(2)). Using the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, all cohorts were matched for 27 comorbidities. In-hospital postoperative outcomes and resource utilization among the cohorts was then comparatively analyzed. Multivariate analyses and chi-squared tests were generated using SAS software. Significance was assigned at P < .05.Results: Underweight patients undergoing THA were at higher risk of developing postoperative anemia and sustaining cardiac complications. In addition, underweight patients had a decreased risk of developing postoperative infection. Resource utilization in terms of length of stay and hospital charge were all higher in the underweight THA cohort. Similarly, in the underweight TKA cohort, a greater risk for the development of hematoma/seroma and postoperative anemia was observed. Underweight TKA patients incurred higher hospital charge and were more likely to be discharged to skilled nursing facilities.Conclusion: Our results indicate that low-BMI patients were more likely to have postoperative complications and greater resource utilization. This serves a purpose in allowing orthopedic surgeons to better predict patient outcomes and improve treatment pathways designed toward helping various patient demographics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]