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Abstract: Native plants have adaptations to their local environments and elucidation of these traits has implications in both agronomy and restoration ecology. Winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit) [...]

The article applies the theories of political economist Karl Polanyi to environmental planning, creating ecosocialization, or an eco-Marxist conceptualization of society, economy, and nature. Implications for policy-making are also discussed.

In recent decades, in most western countries, conventional transport planning has encountered growing social opposition from environmentalists and increasing scientific criticism on the grounds of its unsustainability. In some places, including the United Kingdom, the assumptions, beliefs and values (`storylines') about transport have shifted to some degree away from the car in favour of public and slow forms of transport. The article elaborates a concept of `ecosocialization' to describe and explain the various reform pressures that have sought to reorient transport planning away from car-dominated approaches. We use this concept in preference to the more familiar one of `ecological modernization' in order to foreground the influence of embedded value systems and habits, as well as institutions and rules, on key pathways of social development. Whilst these reformist pressures and their consequences have been evident for decades, it is also apparent that in other contexts, after moments of subordination to alternative policy settings, conventional car-dominated transport planning has reasserted its pre-eminence. Our article explores the shifting discourses and practices of transport planning in three national policy settings, charting the contest between critiques of car-dominated approaches and those `countermodernizing' forces, especially road building institutions, that have resisted this `ecosocialization'. Au cours des dernieres decennies, dans la plupart des pays occidentaux, la planification classique du trafic a subi une accentuation de l'opposition sociale des ecologistes et des critiques des milieux scientifiques en raison de son caractere non-durable. Dans certains endroits, dont le Royaume-Uni, les a priori, convictions et valeurs (`scenarios') sur le transport se sont quelque peu detournes de l'automobile au profit de modes de deplacement publics et lents. L'article decline un concept `d'ecosocialisation' permettant de decrire et expliquer les diverses pressions reformatrices qui ont tente de reorienter la planification du trafic en s'eloignant d'une predominance de l'automobile. Ce concept est prefere a celui, plus courant, de `modernisation ecologique' afin de mettre en avant le poids des habitudes et systemes de valeur incrustes, ainsi que l'influence d'institutions et de reglementations, sur les axes principaux du developpement social. Si ces pressions et leurs consequences ont ete evidentes pendant des dizaines d'annees, il apparait aussi que, dans d'autres contextes, apres une periode de subordination a des dispositifs politiques alternatifs, une planification conventionnelle du trafic -- basee sur la voiture -- a repris sa position premiere. L'article explore l'evolution des discours et des methodes de planification dans trois cadres politiques nationaux, en confrontant les critiques des approches dominees par l'automobile et les forces `anti-modernisatrices', notamment les organismes de construction de routes, qui ont resiste a cette `ecosocialisation'.