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This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of implementing the Sport Education Model on college students' well-being and motivation in physical education (PE) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthy college students (49.8% female; 50.2% male; N = 255; Mage = 18.87 [+ or -] 0.92 years) were recruited from two waves of data collection. The experimental group (n = 130) was enrolled in courses that implemented the Sport Education model. Comparisons were made to the control group (n = 125), which was enrolled in courses with direct instruction. Both groups engaged in a 15-week face-to-face intervention. Student motivation, goal orientation, perceived climate, self-efficacy in exercise, perceived stress, and psychological distress were measured through an omnibus electronic questionnaire at pre- and posttest. A series of 2 (group) x 2 (time) mixed factorial multivariate analyses of variance and analyses of variance with follow-up post hoc analysis demonstrated small-to-moderate effects for the intervention. Intrinsic motivation (interest enjoyment and effort importance), task orientation, and task-involving climate significantly increased from pre- to posttest in the Sport Education group. Mental wellness improved, and psychological distress symptoms and perceived stress decreased significantly from pre- to posttest for both groups. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing Sport Education in creating a student-centered, task-involving climate and cultivating college students' motivation in PE. Engaging in face-to-face PE sessions is likely to improve college students' well-being in COVID-19 era., Accumulating evidence shows that students transitioning into higher education are at risk due to significant declines in physical activity (PA) participation (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016) and motivation [...]

This study explores the compression and antibacterial properties of 10x10 × 10 mm polylactic acid (PLA) cubes manufactured through FDM additive printing for biomedical parts. A 3x3 full factorial DOE with 3 replicates examines the impact of printing parameters (infill %, print speed, and layer height). The highest compression strength and stiffness recorded were 91 MPa and 0.76 GPa, respectively. Despite minor mass variations (1.05 ± 0.09 g) under all the investigated parameters, the mean strength of all printed parts was 67.6 ± 10.6 MPa, highlighting the significant influence of processing parameters on mechanical properties. Heat treatment at 60 °C for 30 min improved stiffness. Investigation of various parameters, including layer height and orientation, revealed that larger layer heights resulted in reduced compression strength. Anisotropic compression properties persisted post-heat treatment due to thermal stresses and interlayer bonding. The flat direction (top view) exhibited higher compression properties due to a homogeneous microstructure, minimized interlayer bonding impact, and increased crystallinity. Antibacterial properties against E.coli were induced via coating with peanut-shaped copper nanoparticles (68–267 nm). Nanoparticles were fabricated via a combination of wet chemistry and laser ablation.

Abstract A significant portion of funding for art comes from foundations, representing a key revenue stream for most art organizations. Little is known, however, about the quantitative patterns that govern art funding, limiting the fundraising efficiency of organizations in need of resources, as well as optimal funding allocation of donors. To address these shortcomings, here we relied on the IRS e-file dataset to identify $36B in grants from 46,643 foundations to 48,766 art recipients between 2010 and 2019, allowing us to quantify donor-recipient relationships in art. We find that philanthropic giving is broadly distributed, following a stable power-law distribution, indicating that some funders give considerably and predictably more than others. Giving is highly localized, with 60% of grants and funds going to recipients in the donor’s state. Furthermore, donors often support multiple local organizations that offer distinct artforms, rather than advancing a particular subarea within art. Donor retention is strong, with nearly 70% of relationships continuing the next year. Finally, we explored the role of institutional prestige in foundation giving, finding that funding does correlate with prestige, with notable exceptions. Our results present the largest and most comprehensive data-driven exploration of giving by foundations to art to date, unveiling multiple insights that could benefit both donors and recipients.

During the pandemic, sedentary behavior and social isolation threatened college students' physical and mental health. The effectiveness of Sport Education on combinations of variables associated with well-being and physical activity was explored. Undergraduate students (N = 236) participated in a 15-week intervention; Sport Education (experimental) was compared to Direct Instruction (control). A structural equation modeling approach and Causal Mediation Analyses were conducted to test hypothesized models. A mixed factorial ANOVA was used to examine physical activity engagement. Sport Education students participated in physical activity significantly longer than the Direct Instruction group at posttest; student perceived role and task orientation significantly predicted physical activity engagement, social dysfunction, and perceived stress in the Sport Education condition. Given the climate, college students became more task-oriented, socially supported, and stress relieved through Sport Education. Future longitudinal and qualitative inquiries are encouraged to examine the effectiveness of Sport Education in motivating lifelong physical activity and well-being.

BackgroundHealth information systems are central to strong health systems. They assist with patient and program management, quality improvement, disease surveillance, and strategic use of information. Many donors have worked to improve health information systems, particularly by supporting the introduction of electronic health information systems (EHIS), which are considered more responsive and more efficient than older, paper-based systems. As many donor-driven programs are increasing their focus on country ownership, sustainability of these investments is a key concern. This analysis explores the potential sustainability of EHIS investments in Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe, originally supported by the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).MethodsUsing a framework based on sustainability theories from the health systems literature, this analysis employs a qualitative case study methodology to highlight factors that may increase the likelihood that donor-supported initiatives will continue after the original support is modified or ends.ResultsFindings highlight commonalities around possible determinants of sustainability. The study found that there is great optimism about the potential for EHIS, but the perceived risks may result in hesitancy to transition completely and parallel use of paper-based systems. Full stakeholder engagement is likely to be crucial for sustainability, as well as integration with other activities within the health system and those funded by development partners. The literature suggests that a sustainable system has clearly-defined goals around which stakeholders can rally, but this has not been achieved in the systems studied. The study also found that technical resource constraints - affecting system usage, maintenance, upgrades and repairs - may limit EHIS sustainability even if these other pillars were addressed.ConclusionsThe sustainability of EHIS faces many challenges, which could be addressed through systems' technical design, stakeholder coordination, and the building of organizational capacity to maintain and enhance such systems. All of this requires time and attention, but is likely to enhance long-term outcomes.

The United States of America has a diverse population of over 331 million people. (1) Groups historically identified as racial and ethnic minorities (which make up more than one third [...]

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of implementing the Sport Education Model on college students' well-being and motivation in physical education (PE) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthy college students (49.8% female; 50.2% male; N = 255; Mage = 18.87 ± 0.92 years) were recruited from two waves of data collection. The experimental group (n = 130) was enrolled in courses that implemented the Sport Education model. Comparisons were made to the control group (n = 125), which was enrolled in courses with direct instruction. Both groups engaged in a 15-week face-to-face intervention. Student motivation, goal orientation, perceived climate, self-efficacy in exercise, perceived stress, and psychological distress were measured through an omnibus electronic questionnaire at pre- and posttest. A series of 2 (group) × 2 (time) mixed factorial multivariate analyses of variance and analyses of variance with follow-up post hoc analysis demonstrated small-to-moderate effects for the intervention. Intrinsic motivation (interest enjoyment and effort importance), task orientation, and taskinvolving climate significantly increased from pre- to posttest in the Sport Education group. Mental wellness improved, and psychological distress symptoms and perceived stress decreased significantly from pre- to posttest for both groups. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing Sport Education in creating a student-centered, task-involving climate and cultivating college students' motivation in PE. Engaging in face-to-face PE sessions is likely to improve college students' well-being in COVID-19 era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION I. LEGAL LIBERALISM IL J. SKELLY WRIGHT AS A LEGAL LIBERAL III. J. SKELLY WRIGHT'S CHALLENGE TO LEGAL LIBERALISM IV. THE LIMITS OF LEGAL LIBERALISM CONCLUSION For over forty [...]