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269 results on '"Louik, Carol"'

5. The Authors Respond

Author

Yazdy, Mahsa M., Mitchell, Allen A., Louik, Carol, and Werler, Martha M.

Published
2015

21. First trimester use of selective serotinin-reuptake inhibitors and the risk of birth defects

Author

Louik, Carol, Lin, Angela E., Werler, Martha M., Hernandes-Diaz, Sonia, and Mitchell, Allen A.

Subjects
Birth defects -- Risk factors, Serotonin uptake inhibitors -- Complications and side effects, Pregnant women -- Health aspects
Abstract

The article records findings of a large scale control study on the use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors during the first three months of pregnancy and possible congenital birth defects.

Published
2007

22. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

Author

Chambers, Christina D., Van Marter, Linda J., Louik, Carol, Jones, Kenneth Lyons, Mitchell, Allen A., Hernandez-Diaz, Sonia, and Werler, Martha M.

Subjects
Serotonin uptake inhibitors -- Health aspects, Pulmonary hypertension -- Risk factors, Infants -- Health aspects
Abstract

A study is conducted to see whether persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is associated with substantial infant mortality and morbidity. The results show that neither the use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) before the 20th week of gestation nor the use of non-SSRI antidepressant drugs at any time during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of PPHN.

Published
2006

41. Prepregnant weight in relation to risk of neural tube defects

Author

Werler, Martha M., Louik, Carol, Shapiro, Samuel, and Mitchell, Allen A.

Subjects
Neural tube -- Abnormalities, Birth defects -- Risk factors, Obesity -- Complications, Pregnant women -- Health aspects
Abstract

Women who are obese before pregnancy may increase their baby's chance of developing a neural tube defect (NTD). An example of a NTD is spina bifida, which occurs when the spinal column does not completely close over the spinal cord. Researchers used a database of medical records on babies born with NTDs that also recorded the mother's pre-pregnancy weight. A total of 604 babies born with NTD were identified and their mother's pre-pregnancy weight was compared to the pre-pregnancy weight of the mothers of 1,658 babies born with other birth defects. The risk of having a baby with NTD increased as the mother's pre-pregnancy weight increased. Women over 110 kilograms before pregnancy were four times more likely to have a baby with NTD than women who weighed between 50 and 59 kilograms. Folic acid supplements did not reduce the obese women's chances of having a baby with NTD., Objective.--To examine the relation between prepregnant weight and the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). Design.--Data were collected from 1988 to 1994 in a case-control surveillance program of birth defects. Setting.--Study subjects were ascertained at tertiary care centers and birth hospitals in the greater metropolitan areas of Boston, Mass, and Philadelphia, Pa, and in southeastern Ontario. Participants.--Cases were 604 fetuses or infants with an NTD identified within 6 months of delivery. Controls were 1658 fetuses or infants with other major malformations identified within 6 months of delivery. For 1992 to 1994, there were 93 control infants without major malformations. Main Outcome Measure.--Relative risk of NTDs in infants or fetuses for different maternal weights. Results.--Relative to women who weighed 50 to 59 kg, risk of NTDs increased from 1.9 (95% confidence interval [Cl],1.2 to 2.9) for women weighing 80 to 89 kg to 4.0 (95% C1,1.6 to 9.9) for women weighing 110 kg or more. When women were classified according to daily intake above or below the recommended level of 400 [mu]g of folate, approximate threefold increases in risk were estimated for the heaviest weights in both groups. Intakes of 400 [mu]g of folate or more reduced risk of NTDs by 40% among women weighing less than 70 kg, but no risk reduction was observed among heavier women. Conclusion.--The risk of NTDs increased with increasing prepregnant weight, independent of the effects of folate intake.

Published
1996

42. Trends and predictors of folic acid awareness and preconceptional use in pregnant women

Author

Berg, Lolkje, T.W. de Jong-van den, Hernandez-Diaz, Sonia, Werler, Martha M., Louik, Carol, and Mitchell, Allen A.

Subjects
Pregnancy, Complications of -- Research, Folic acid -- Health aspects, Neural tube -- Abnormalities, Neural tube -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

The study describes recent trends in folic acid awareness and use in the periconceptional period among pregnant women in relation to maternal sociodemographic and other relevant factors. Promotion of the use of folic acid supplements is essential to further decrease the prevalence of neural tube defects.

Published
2005

43. A pregnancy-prevention program in women of childbearing age receiving isotretinoin

Author

Mitchell, Allen A., Van Bennekom, Carla M., and Louik, Carol

Subjects
Isotretinoin -- Health aspects, Birth defects -- Causes of, Health counseling -- Evaluation, Patient education -- Evaluation
Abstract

Women appear to follow the warnings to avoid becoming pregnant while using isotretinoin for severe acne. Isotretinoin is a drug similar to vitamin A that may cause birth defects in children born to women during or soon after therapy. Researchers interviewed 177,216 women using isotretinoin between Jan 1989 and Dec 1993. Among 23,740 women completing the first telephone interviews, 99% responded that their doctors had warned them to avoid pregnancy. Ninety-six percent of the women responded that they were not sexually active or were using birth control while receiving isotretinoin therapy. Overall, 402 women reported pregnancies including 46 who were pregnant when therapy began and 356 who became pregnant during therapy. Of these women, 290 chose to terminate the pregnancy, 63 had spontaneous abortions, 32 had live births and 4 had an unknown outcome. Of the 32 live births, at least seven were known to have birth defects associated with isotretinoin therapy.

Published
1995

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