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To comprehensively improve the level of standardized screening, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, the Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in China has been jointly initiated by Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Hypertension Committee of Cross-Straits Medicine Exchange Association, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee, and Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine. This guideline addresses several important clinical problems in the field of screening, diagnosis evaluation and treatment of hypertension, fully assesses the latest high-quality clinical research evidences available, and gives clear recommendations. It also advocates the new concepts and perspectives, such as moving forward the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, promoting the target of blood pressure reduction, simplifying the risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases, and paying attention to the screening of secondary hypertension, which will help promote the prevention and treatment of hypertension in China.

In the hierarchically connected ultra-high voltage (UHV) DC projects, the minimum air clearance on the 1000 kV AC side of converter transformer directly affects the layout and area of the valve hall. The minimum air clearance is determined by the overvoltage and the flashover characteristics of different electrodes. Since the UHV DC projects are hierarchically connected to the AC power grid, the overvoltage and the electrode flashover characteristics are different from that of general UHV AC projects, necessitating the relevant overvoltage calculation and test studies. The electromagnetic transients software PSCAD is used for modelling of the ±1100 kV Wannan convertor station and the related AC system. The power frequency overvoltage, switching overvoltage, time-to-crest value, and coefficient α of phase-to-phase overvoltage on the AC side of the 1000 kV converter transformer are calculated. Tests are carried out on air clearances between bundle conductors, tubular buses, and equipment grading rings under switching impulse with 1000 μs long wave-front. The minimum phase-to-earth and phase-to-phase air clearances on the 1000 kV AC side of the converter transformer are given.

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate performance of aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) before washout of antihypertensive drugs as a screening test for primary aldosteronism (PA). Methods This retrospective analysis included consecutive patients screening for secondary hypertension during a period from January 2017 to May 2022 at the authors' institute. For inclusion in the final analysis, ARR had to be available prior to as well as after discontinuation of antihypertensives. Patients with ARR ≥2.4(ng/dL)/(μIU/mL) after washout proceeded to confirmatory tests. Diagnosis of PA was established based on a positive result of the confirmatory test. The diagnostic accuracy of ARR prior to the washout in predicting PA is shown as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results The analysis included a total of 1306 patients [median age of 50.2 (41.0-59.0) years, 64.0% male]. Confirmatory tests showed PA in 215(16.5%) patients and essential hypertension (EH) in the remaining 1091(83.5%) patients. In comparison to the second screening test, the first screening test (before washout of antihypertensives) yielded lower plasma aldosterone and higher renin and consequently lower ARR in both the PA and EH groups. At a cutoff of.7(ng/dL)/(μIU/mL), ARR before washout had 96.3% sensitivity, 61.2% specificity,.33 PPV, and.99 NPV. At a lower cutoff of.5(ng/dL)/(μIU/mL), the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 97.7%, 52.0%,.29, and.99, respectively. Conclusion ARR prior to washout of antihypertensives is a sensitive screening test for PA. Washout of antihypertensives could be omitted and further investigation for PA is not warranted if ARR is ≤.7(ng/dL)/(μIU/mL) before washout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early rehabilitation after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) contributes to functional recovery. However, the optimal time for starting rehabilitation remains a topic of ongoing investigation. This article aims to shed light on the safety and efficacy of very early rehabilitation (VER) initiated within 48 h of stroke onset. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted from inception to January 20, 2024. Relevant literature on VER in patients with AIS was reviewed and the data related to favorable and adverse clinical outcomes were collected for meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was conducted at different time points, namely at discharge and at three and 12 months. Statistical analyses were performed with the help of the Meta Package in STATA Version 15.0. Results: A total of 14 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies and 3,039 participants were included in the analysis. VER demonstrated a significant association with mortality [risk ratio (RR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.00, 1.61)], ability of daily living [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 6.90, 95% CI (0.22, 13.57)], and limb motor function [WMD = 5.02, 95% CI (1.63, 8.40)]. However, no significant difference was observed between the VER group and the control group in adverse events [RR = 0.89, 95% CI (0.79, 1.01)], severity of stroke [WMD = 0.52, 95% CI (−0.04, 1.08)], degree of disability [RR = 1.06, 95% CI (0.93, 1.20)], or recovery of walking [RR = 0.98, 95% CI (0.94, 1.03)] after stroke. Subgroup analysis revealed that VER reduced the risk of adverse events in the late stage (at three and 12 months) [RR = 0.86, 95% CI (0.74, 0.99)] and degree of disability at 12 months [RR = 1.28, 95% CI (1.03, 1.60)], and improved daily living ability at 3 months [WMD = 4.26, 95% CI (0.17, 8.35)], while increasing severity of stroke during hospitalization [WMD = 0.81, 95% CI (0.01, 1.61)]. Conclusion: VER improves activities of daily living (ADLs) and lowers the incidence of long-term complications in stroke survivors. However, premature or overly intense rehabilitation may increase mortality in patients with AIS during the acute phase. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024508180. Systematic review registration: This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024508180. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the cost and reliability issues caused by mechanical position sensors, position sensorless control (PSC) of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) has received widespread attention. A series of rotor position estimation (RPE) schemes have been developed, in which the phase‐locked loop (PLL) plays an important role. However, the conventional phase‐locked loops face two thorny issues, one is the degradation of RPE performance under motor acceleration and deceleration conditions, and the other is high noise sensitivity. To this end, an adaptive gain PLL (AG‐PLL) is proposed for PSC of PMSM drives. The gains of the loop filter in the proposed AG‐PLL are adaptively adjusted with the estimation error in order to find a compromise between the estimation performance under motor acceleration and deceleration conditions and the noise sensitivity. Moreover, the proposed scheme avoids increasing the order of the PLL, so its dynamic performance is also guaranteed. The proposed scheme is tested based on the hardware‐in‐the‐loop platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Injection molding is one of the commonly used processes for plastic part production due to numerous advantages, such as rapid production, complex shape modability, and material selectivity. However, highly experience-based conventional production restrains the industry development. Company know-how loses with the experienced operator's left. On the other hand, molded part quality was only based on the operator check. There is without an effective solution to maintain its stability and defect-free adjustment. How to establish a scientific injection molding setup and quality control method is an urgent topic. This study established a practical method for quality monitoring based on the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) property. The PVT processing path control for scientific molding parameter setup was investigated. This is not only the method for parameter optimization but also the molded part quality control. Three major qualities were discussed in this study, including product weight, shrinkage, and warpage. By the molding condition optimization, three qualities improved up to 1%, 41.9%, and 9.2%, respectively. KEYWORDS injection molding, PVT property, quality control, 1 | INTRODUCTION Injection molding is become one of the widely used processes for plastic part production due to its diversity utilization of material, complex product shape moldability, and rapid [...]

The neuromorphic computing paradigm, characterized by nonvolatile artificial synapses, is seen as crucial for overcoming the limitations of the von Neumann architecture. Moreover, the effective implementation on a large scale necessitates enhanced performance, reduced energy consumption, and increased robustness of synaptic devices. In this work, a bipartite artificial synapse was developed using Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) ferroelectric thin films on Nb:SrTiO3 (NSTO) (110) substrates achieving a substantial storage window and an exceptionally high switching ratio spanning 7 orders of magnitude. Notably, the device demonstrates the capability to transition between multiple resistive states, facilitating multilevel data storage. Additionally, the fabricated device emulates the behavior of biological synapses, exhibiting synaptic plasticity feathers such as long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), and spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). These findings underscore the significant potential of HZO artificial synapse devices for neuromorphic computing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To develop a nomogram to predict spontaneous preterm birth at < 28 weeks in pregnant women with twin pregnancies. Methods: We retrospectively studied the medical records of twin-pregnancy women with asymptomatic cervical dilation or cervical shortening between December 2015 to February 2022 in two hospitals. Data from one center was used to develop the model and data from the other was used to evaluate the model. Results: A total of 270 twin pregnancies were enrolled in the study. We incorporated 4 items (cervical length, cervical dilation, C-reactive protein and the use of cerclage) to build the 28-week nomogram with satisfactory discrimination and calibration when applied to the validation sets. The C index for the 28-week nomogram in the development and external cohort was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84–0.93) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.80–0.98), respectively. The nomogram reached a sensitivity of 70.70%, specificity of 97.10%, positive predicted value of 95.61% and negative predicted value of 78.77%. Moreover, the decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram showed positive clinical benefit. Conclusion: We developed and validated a nomogram with good performance in predicting individual risk of spontaneous preterm birth at < 28 in twin pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]