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At the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, the party put forward the 14th five year plan and the long-term goal of 2035, it put forward that we should not only give priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas and comprehensively promote rural revitalization, but also strive to build an educational power, improve farmers' scientific, technological and cultural literacy and promote the revitalization of rural talents. Human resources are the first resource for China's economic and social development, and education is the main way to develop human resources. Rural Revitalization needs talent revitalization, which is inseparable from the revitalization of rural education. However, there are still some problems to be solved in rural education. This paper combs the problems existing in the school running conditions, teachers, family education, education quality, local culture and the development status of rural vocational education, analyzes the causes of the problems, and puts forward the countermeasures for the development of rural education. Such as increasing investment in education funds, strengthening the construction of school standardization; improving the economic treatment and social status of rural teachers, strengthening the construction of rural teachers and enhancing their sense of rural belonging; strengthening the role of family education and sharing the responsibilities of vulnerable groups; improving the quality of education and creating local characteristic courses; vigorously developing rural vocational education. Through these measures, we can promote the healthy and sustainable development of rural education. At the same time, the government, society, schools and families need to work together to attach great importance to and strive to solve the problems existing in rural education. Therefore, this article combs the problems existing in rural education and seeks solutions in order to help the rapid development of rural education.

This study aims to investigate the mechanisms through which fructose diphosphate (FDP) causes anti-hypoxia and anti-fatigue effects and improves learning and memory. Mice were divided into three groups: low-dose FDP (FDP-L), high-dose FDP (FDP-H), and a control group. Acute toxic hypoxia induced by carbon monoxide, sodium nitrite, and potassium cyanide and acute cerebral ischemic hypoxia were used to investigate the anti-hypoxia ability of FDP. The tests of rod-rotating, mouse tail suspension, and swimming endurance were used to explore the anti-fatigue effects of FDP. The Morris water maze experiment was used to determine the impact of FDP on learning and memory ability. Poisoning-induced hypoxic tests showed that mouse survival time was significantly prolonged in the FDP-L and FDP-H groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In the exhaustive swimming test, FDP significantly shortened struggling time and prolonged the time of mass-loaded swimming; the rod-rotating test showed that endurance time was significantly prolonged by using FDP (p < 0.05). FDP significantly decreased lactate and urea nitrogen levels and increased hepatic and muscle glycogen and glucose transporter-4 and [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+]-ATPase (p < 0.05). To conclude, FDP enhances hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance and improves learning and memory ability through regulating glucose and energy metabolism. Key words: fatigue resistance, fructose diphosphate, glucose metabolism, hypoxia tolerance, learning and memory ability. Cette etude porte sur les modes d'action par lesquels le diphosphate de fructose (DPF) entraine des effets anti-hypoxie et anti-fatigue, et ameliore l'apprentissage et la memoire. Nous avons reparti des souris dans les trois groupes suivants : DPF-A, DPF-M et temoin. Nous avons etudie la capacite anti-hypoxie du DPF en creant une hypoxie toxique aigue a l'aide de monoxyde de carbone, de nitrite de sodium et de cyanure de potassium, ainsi qu'une hypoxie cerebrale ischemique aigue. Nous avons etudie les effets anti-fatigues du DPF a l'aide des tests de la tige rotative, de suspension caudale et d'endurance a la nage. Nous avons etabli l'incidence du DPF sur l'apprentissage et les capacites mnesiques a l'aide de l'experience du labyrinthe aquatique de Morris. Les tests d'hypoxie engendree par un empoisonnement ont montre que le temps de survie augmentait nettement dans les groupes DPF-A et DPF-M par rapport aux temoins (p < 0,05). Dans le test de nage jusqu'a l'epuisement, le DPF entrainait une abreviation notable du temps de lutte avec un prolongement du temps de nage avec charge; le test de la tige rotative a montre que le temps d'endurance augmentait de facon marquee avec l'utilisation de DPF (p < 0,05). Le DPF entrainait une diminution importante des taux de lactate et d'azote ureique, avec une augmentation des taux de glycogene hepatique et musculaire, ainsi que du transporteur du glucose 4 et de la [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+]-ATPase (p < 0,05). Pour conclure, le DPF permet d'ameliorer la tolerance a l'hypoxie et la resistance a la fatigue, ainsi que d'ameliorer l'apprentissage et les capacites mnesiques par l'intermediaire de la regulation du metabolisme energetique et du glucose. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: resistance a la fatigue, diphosphate de fructose, metabolisme du glucose, tolerance a l'hypoxie, apprentissage et capacites mnesiques., Introduction Chronic hypoxia can cause inadequate oxygen supply to various organs, which inhibits oxidation and promotes glycolysis in different tissues, resulting in insufficient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Some vital organ [...]

The insulated and insoluble discharge product Li2O2 can cause excessive charge overpotential, eventually leading to the deactivation of the Li−O2 battery. Here, a nanoflower structure (Fe3O4@NC) fabricated by coating Fe3O4 with N‐doped carbon was used as an effective catalyst for Li−O2 cathode. The N‐doped defective carbon layer provides sufficient active sites for the formation of discharge intermediates and exhibits a coating effect on Fe3O4, thereby facilitating the maintenance of structural stability. The hierarchical structure of Fe3O4 can effectively mitigate the agglomeration of the carbon layer, thus promoting a homogeneous distribution and optimal utilization of active sites on the carbon layer. As a result, the synergistic effect of Fe3O4 combined with the N‐doped carbon layer enhances the Li+/e− transfer rate and effectively accelerates the kinetic of oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER). Furthermore, the unique functionality of Fe3O4@NC induces the epitaxial growth of Li2O2 into uniform nanosheets, thereby increasing the utilization of cathode space and ultimately promoting the energy release of Li−O2 batteries. The Li−O2 battery with Fe3O4@NC cathode exhibits remarkable full discharge capacity of 16495 mAh g−1 and significantly improved round‐trip performances for 120 cycles at a cutoff capacity of 1000 mAh g−1 with a current density of 200 mA g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epicardial mapping system is an important tool in the study and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Surgical therapy has been applied to eliminate atrial fibrillation (AF) for almost two decades, but there is still little effect on the treatment of AF in respect that the mechanism of AF is still unknown. Further investigation into the electrophysiological properties in AF is required to develop an appropriate treatment, though radiofrequency ablation has opened the new era of therapies for AF. Nevertheless, the sequential epicardial mapping for whole-atrium will increase the benefit to understand electrical mechanism during AF. The purpose of our research is to detect the electrical activity on the atrial surface and therefore find the optimal technique or ablation procedures to prevent AF. Animal tests were operated on ten dogs in which chronic AF had been induced. In experiment whole-atrial electrodes were located on the atrial surface after the heart had been exposed. Each 20-second sampling data during sinus or atrial fibrillation rhythm were recorded and stored for analysis. Three-dimensional dynamic maps are presented clearly and the activity of sinus or AF rhythm can be seen quite differently. The active isopotential map can display the dynamic electrical conduction of the atria as a movie. This study demonstrates the flexibility of the system in AF research.