1. Mycorrhizal inoculation increases genes associated with nitrification and improved nutrient retention in soil
- Author
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Winston Johnson, Elise Morrison, H. Glaab, Andrew Ogram, Lorena M. Lagos, Abid K. Al-Agely, and Milko A. Jorquera
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Rhizosphere ,biology ,Inoculation ,Soil organic matter ,fungi ,Soil Science ,Prokaryote ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Ammonia monooxygenase ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,Nutrient ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Nitrification ,Leaching (agriculture) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation on prokaryote abundance within the maize rhizosphere and hyphosphere, and retention of nutrients were investigated. Maize plants were grown in pots with a membrane located at a soil depth of approximately 16 cm that allowed growth of fungal hyphae above and below the membrane, but did not allow growth of roots below the membrane. As expected, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (primarily organic N), and Mehlich 1 phosphorus relative to the non-inoculated control. Copy numbers of 16S rRNA genes were significantly higher in the mycorrhizal compartments relative to non-mycorrhizal controls. Bacterial ammonia monooxygenase (AOB) genes, but not archaeal monooxygease genes (AOA), were significantly higher in planted treatments with and without addition of mycorrhizae, indicating that mycorrhizae stimulate prokaryotic growth and bacterial nitrification. The ecological relevance of increased NOx-N resulting from the growth of AOB in inoculated soils is not clear; however, increased mobility of NOx-N over NH4 + could result in a competition between leaching loss and increased uptake by mycorrhizae.
- Published
- 2017