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It is essential that concepts surrounding species interactions and their importance for biodiversity conservation are widely taught and understood. Incorporating playfulness into ecological education initiatives can attract more interest in these aspects of ecology. Over the last three decades Pokémon has engaged with millions of people by replicating many aspects of real-world wildlife in cartoons and games. Studies have speculated how the Pokémon franchise creates opportunities for didactic purposes. This study aims to identify the potential for ecological interactions portrayed in the Pokémon universe to contribute to children's engagement and learning. We first gathered information on all the ecological interactions described among Pokémon 'species' from the franchise's website. We found 150 Pokémon species engaging in an array of different ecological interactions. We tested the use of Pokémon as a teaching tool about ecological interactions to high-school students aged [greater than or equal to] 18 years. The use of Pokémon significantly increased learning of almost half of ecological interactions and raised engagement, particularly among students who like the franchise. Our findings show that Pokémon can be a playful and didactic tool for teaching about ecological interactions.

Copyright of Ciência da Informação is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Informacao em Ciencia e Tecnologia (IBICT) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• We tested if beach invertebrates are underappreciated by beach visitors. • Beach visitors ranked their preferred and least preferred species by visual stimuli. • Sea turtles were transitory species with the highest preference. • Tiger beetles and sandhoppers were the least preferred resident species. • Ghost crabs were the preferred resident taxa and can be applied as flagship species. Intense human pressure in coastal areas is challenging the conservation of sandy beach biodiversity. In fact, beaches are regarded by society mainly for their tourism and recreational values, while biodiversity is theoretically underappreciated. The present study aimed to evaluate the level of preference of people for various species, including sandy beach resident macroinvertebrates and transitory vertebrates. It is believed that species with the highest preference by people have the highest potential to be used as flagships in the beaches of southeastern Brazil. After seeing high-resolution photographs of 10 species, participants ranked their three preferred species (most preferred = 3, second most preferred = 2; and third most preferred = 1), and their three least preferred ones (least preferred = -3, second least preferred = -2; and third least preferred = -1). A flagship value of the species was calculated (each interviewee as sampling unit) based on this ranking and was compared using ANOVA. Sea turtles and dolphins had the highest preference, while tiger-beetles and sandhoppers were the least preferred species. Ghost crabs were the resident species with the highest flagship value. Our results corroborate the so far not tested idea that beach macrofauna is underappreciated. Animals with the largest body sizes and the shortest evolution divergence time in relation to humans presented the highest "charisma". However, some macroinvertebrates as ghost crabs seemed to have the potential for being prioritized in popularization activities, with the objective to increase popular engagement for biodiversity conservation in specific actions for sandy beaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Odontomas are the most common tumor-like (hamartoma) odontogenic lesions in the gnathic bones. Multiple odontomas are rare and characterized by numerous odontomas involving 1 to 4 quadrants of the gnathic bones. We report the case of a 16-year-old female patient without noteworthy extra- and intraoral physical examination alterations. Panoramic radiography revealed a well-delimited, unilocular, bilateral radiolucent lesion in the ascending ramus of the mandible. An incisional biopsy was performed, which revealed a developing complex odontoma at both sites. The treatment of choice was enucleation, followed by curettage of the bone defect. The removed material was sent for anatomopathologic analysis, which confirmed the diagnosis of complex odontoma. The patient has been in follow-up for 10 months and shows no signs or symptoms of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a chronic disabling illness that frequently results in the occlusion of arteries in lower limbs and may cause ischemia, gangrene, or infection. The single most significant factor contributing to both the onset and progression of PVD is smoking, which has addictive properties. Once smoking becomes a habitual behavior, combined with the atherosclerotic process, a disastrous pathway ensues. The aim of this project was to gain an understanding of the beliefs of patients with PVD who smoked. A nonexperimental, descriptive design was used. Data were obtained from a sample of participants with a known history of PVD who have had a previous vascular intervention and who are established patients in a vascular surgeon's private office N = 50. The majority of participants were male (n = 31; 63%) 65–74 years of age (n = 18; 36%), were unemployed (n = 30; 60%), and have smoked for greater than 51+ years (n = 13; 26%). A scale that was developed guided by the behavioral beliefs subscale revealed that PVD patients enjoyed smoking, smoking helped them to relax, and they believed that they were addicted to smoking. Results from the normative beliefs subscale indicated that the spouse or significant other, children or those whom they lived with, did not approve of their smoking and also that their healthcare provider had discussed smoking cessation with them. The control beliefs subscale results demonstrated that most patients had attempted to quit smoking and believed that it would be a difficult behavior to stop and they would require the assistance of a patch or medication and feared the withdrawal symptoms. In conclusion, exploring the beliefs and thought process of patients who smoked provided a rich body of knowledge which can afford the healthcare professional with the ability to better understand the smoking experience as seen through the patients' eyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In today's competitive environment, in which creativity and innovation play an important part, organizations are becoming increasingly aware that their physical and financial assets are incapable of generating competitive advantages that are sustainable, and perceive that it is their intangible assets which allow value to be created for their products and services. Intellectual capital is the capacity to transform knowledge and intangible assets into wealth, and its management is the process of extracting value from that same knowledge. Worldwide, tourism has been one of the fastest growing sectors in recent decades. In Portugal in particular, it is one of the country's principal economic activities and a strategic area for the competitiveness of the economy. This communication presents a part of the results of a comprehensive study analysing the impact of intellectual capital (human capital, structural capital, and relational capital) on the organizational performance of the hotels in the Greater Lisbon and Setúbal Peninsula area. The results that are reported are only those concerning relational capital, an invaluable and scarce resource that is hard to imitate, transfer, or replace, and that has a long life expectancy. The research project was carried out in 2012. Exploratory interviews were conducted, and, as the instrument of measurement, a questionnaire was addressed to the managers of the 167 hotels located in the study area. The aim was to gauge their perceptions in relation to the different components of intellectual capital and to the key organizational performance indicators that are commonly used in the sector. The methods and results concerning the relational capital component of the overall study are presented and discussed. The managers highlighted the importance of meeting their clients’ needs and wishes, of fostering client loyalty, of collecting and disseminating their feedback, of brand recognition, and of maintaining a permanent market orientation. Relational capital includes elements whose nature is external to the hotel, and therefore beyond its control. Their effects on the organization's performance, given the current context of severe and prolonged economic crisis, need to be analysed with particular care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor is a rare benign neoplasm responsible for approximately 1% of all odontogenic tumors. Cases involving the maxilla are uncommon, even more so when it also involves supernumerary tooth. We describe the case of a 33-year-old female patient exhibiting swelling in the right maxilla. On radiographic examination, an isodense area was found associated with an impacted supernumerary tooth. Cone beam computed tomography also revealed expansive growth of the lesion in the maxillary sinus that caused the displacement of the first and second upper right premolars. The patient underwent an incisional biopsy, and the histopathologic diagnosis was a calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. After the first diagnosis, an excisional biopsy was done that confirmed the diagnosis. The treatment of choice was surgical removal of the lesion and associated dental elements. The patient has been followed up for 11 months and shows no signs of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of transforming growing factor beta (TGF-β) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) between radicular cysts (RCs) and dentigerous cysts (DCs). Methods Twenty RCs and DCs were selected for analysis of the immunoexpression of TGF-β and IFN-γ in the epithelium and capsule. Results The cell reactivity of TGF-β and IFN-γ in the lining epithelium and capsule of RCs showed no significant differences when compared with DCs (P > .05). There was a tendency of a higher expression of TGF-β in the capsule of DCs. Conclusions Our results showed the presence of TGF-β and IFN-γ in RCs and DCs, supporting the hypothesis that both participate in the development of these lesions, where IFN-γ usually plays a role in bone resorption, which is counterbalanced by the osteoprotective activity performed by TGF-β. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the genotoxicity in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats after exposure to sunlight at different time points of day in a tropical region of Brazil (5°S, 42°W). Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar-Hannover rats, three months old, were randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each: Group I [control, without exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation], Group II (exposed to sunlight during 08:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.), and Group III (exposed to sunlight during 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m.). After a week of exposure, peripheral blood samples were taken from the tail of these animals to prepare smears on two slides per animal. In 24 h after exposure to sunlight in Group III, a new collection was obtained to observe the repair activity. The alkaline comet assay was used in this study to evaluate the genotoxic activity of sunlight (P<0.05). Results: There was no statistical difference between Group I and II (P=0.672). On the other hand, the exposure to sunlight in Group III showed genotoxic action in comparison to the other groups (P<0.0001). Also, there was no significant repair in Group III R (P=0.407). Conclusion: This study has shown a genotoxic potential of sunlight (UVA-B) in lymphocytes of mammals from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m., due to a higher intensity of UV in this tropical region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The objective of the study was to compare the effect of tamoxifen and raloxifene on the endometrium of female rats in persistent estrus, by Ki-67 protein expression.The study comprised 60 Wistar-Hannover female rats in persistent estrus, induced by a single subcutaneous dose of 1.25 mg of testosterone propionate on the second day of age. At 90 days of life, the animals were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 animals each. Group 1 (control), received only placebo; group 2, the animals were treated with tamoxifen, 250 μg/d; and group 3, the rats were treated with 750 μg/d of raloxifene by gavage during 30 days. Then, the animals were killed, and the endometrium was removed for immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67 antigen expression. Statistical analysis was performed by β regression model (P < 0.05).Mean percentages of Ki-67 protein expression in the endometrium of rats in persistent estrus were 43.21% ± 3.39%, 7.36% ± 0.95%, and 7.20% ± 0.76% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.7159).The present results indicate that, at the doses and during the time of treatment used, both tamoxifen and raloxifene induce atrophy in a similar way of endometrial epithelium of rats in persistent estrus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)