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Objective. The shoulder joint is the most flexible joint in the human body. It is a typical multiaxial ball-and-socket joint. The humeral head is approximately spherical, and the glenoid is small and shallow. This article mainly discusses the application value of computerized tomography (CT) in the early diagnosis of skeletal Bankart injury of the shoulder joint. Methods. The chemical quality was evaluated according to the physical therapy evidence database PEDro scale. The literature quality evaluation scale and the NO scale are also used to evaluate the quality of each nonrandomized study. The standard quality scores of the literature quality evaluation scale are as follows: (1) the selection of the study group; (2) the comparability of the study group; and (3) (cohort study) clear interest results. Outcome measurement: Postoperative shoulder joint stability and range of motion (ROM) are the main results of Bankart injury patients undergoing open repair surgery and arthroscopic repair surgery. The secondary results of the survey included the Rowe score, the shoulder stability score, the American shoulder and elbow surgery score ASES, the University of California, Los Angeles, shoulder score UCLA, and the operation time. Results. Four of the included studies are randomized controlled trials, and the other studies are cohort studies. After meta-analysis, a fixed-effect model ( I 2 = 34 % ) was used to observe the difference in shoulder stability treatment between the two groups and was statistically significant ( P = 0.008 , RR = 0.94 , 95% confidence interval: 0.89~0.98). The analysis results showed that compared with patients undergoing open surgery, patients’ undergoing arthroscopic repair had better postoperative shoulder motion range ( P < 0.001 , SMD = 0.47 , 95% confidence interval: -0.72~0.22), and there is no significant heterogeneity. Conclusion. The Bankart injury of the shoulder joint cannot be diagnosed by X-ray examination alone due to its anatomical location and the size of the fracture fragments. CT examination has a better auxiliary diagnostic effect in the early stage of skeletal Bankart injury.

To explore the effect of Vitamin C (Vit C) on the apoptosis of human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells induced by tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-alpha) and serum deprivation.The NP cells were isolated from patients undergoing spine corrective operation by collagenase trypsin. The experiment was divided into 3 groups: Vit C group (group A), TNF-alpha group (group B), and serum deprivation group (group C). Group A was reassigned to Al subgroup (basic medium), A2 subgroup (100 pg/mL Vit C), and A3 subgroup (200 pg/mL Vit C). Group B was reassigned to B0 subgroup (control group), Bi subgroup (100 ng/mL TNF-alpha), B2 subgroup (100 microg/mL Vit C+100 ng/mL TNF-alpha), and B3 subgroup (200 microg/mL Vit C+100 ng/mL TNF-alpha). Group C was reassigned to C0 subgroup (Control group), C1 subgroup (2% FBS), C2 subgroup (2% FBS+100 microg/mL Vit C), and C3 subgroup (2% FBS+200 microg/mL Vit C). After application of 100 pg/mL or 200 microg/mL Vit C for 24 hours, NP cells were stimulated by TNF-alpha and serum deprivation, then the apoptosis rate of NP cells was detected by a flow cytometry, and the gene expressions of the extracellular matrix of NP cells (collagen type I, collagen type II, aggrecan, and Sox9) and apoptosis related genes (p53, FAS, and Caspase 3) were detected by real-time fluoroscent quantitative PCR. Results Group A: Vit C could significantly reduce the apoptosis rate and gene expressions of p53, FAS, and Caspase 3 of NP cells in A2 and A3 subgroups when compared with Al subgroup (P0.05), but there was no significant difference between A2 subgroup and A3 subgroup (P0.05); Vit C could promote the expressions of the extracellular matrix (collagen type I, collagen type II, aggrecan, and Sox9) of NP cells in a concentration dependent manner (P0.05). Group B: TNF-alpha significantly increased the apoptosis rate and the gene expressions of p53, FAS, and Caspase 3 in B1 subgroup when compared with B0 subgroup (P0.05); however, Vit C significantly increased the apoptosis rate and the gene expressions in B2 subgroup, and significantly decreased them in B3 subgroup when compared with B1 subgroup (P0.05). Group C: 2% FBS significantly increased the apoptosis rate of NP cells and significantly reduced the gene expressions of p53, FAS, and Caspase 3 in C1 subgroup when compared with C0 subgroup (P0.05); Vit C could significantly reduce the apoptosis rate and gene expressions of p53, FAS, and Caspase 3 in C3 subgroup, but it could significantly increase them in C2 subgroup when compared with C1 subgroup (P0.05).Vit C can promote the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix of NP cells. 200 microg/mL Vit C may delay the apoptosis induced by TNF-alpha and serum deprivation, indicating the potential therapeutic effect of Vit C on intervertebral disc degeneration.

Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family and regulates a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, necrosis, apoptosis and degeneration. However, the expression of ERK5 and its role in degenerated human nucleus pulposus (NP) is hitherto unknown. In this study, we observed the differential expression of ERK5 in normal and degenerated human nucleus pulposus tissues by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. Treatment of NP cells with Pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α decreased ERK5 gene expression as well as NP marker gene expression; including the type II collagen and aggrecan. Suppression of ERK5 gene expression in NP cells by ERK5 siRNA resulted in decreased gene expression of type II collagen and aggrecan. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK5 activation by BIX02188 (5 μM) decreased the gene expression of type II collagen and aggrecan in NP cells. Our results document the expression of ERK5 in degenerated nucleus pulposus tissues, and suggest a potential involvement of ERK5 in human degenerated nucleus pulposus.