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1. Novel Approach to Transfer of Coordination Skills to the Paretic Hand by Improving the Efficiency of Cortical Network

Author

Jinyi Long, Longbin Shen, Qiuwen Cai, Shan Xiao, and Zhuoming Chen

Subjects
Bimanual coordination, cortical network, virtual reality, EEG, stroke patients, Medical technology, R855-855.5, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

We have previously shown that healthy subjects can transfer coordination skills to the unpracticed hand by performing a unimanual task with the other hand and visualizing a bimanual action using a game-like interactive system. However, whether this system could be used to transfer coordination skills to the paretic hand after stroke and its underlying neural mechanism remain unknown. Here, using a game-like interactive system for visualization during physical practice in an immersive virtual reality environment, we examined coordination skill improvement in the unpracticed/paretic hand after training in 10 healthy subjects and 13 chronic and sub-acute stroke patients. The bimanual movement task was defined as simultaneously drawing non-symmetric three-sided squares (e.g., U and C), while the training strategy was performing a unimanual task with the right/nonparetic hand and visualizing a bimanual action. We found large decreases in the intra-hand temporal and spatial measures for movement in the unpracticed/paretic hand after training. Furthermore, a substantial reduction in the inter-hand temporal and spatial interference was observed after training. Additionally, we examined the related cortical network evolution using EEG in both the healthy subjects and stroke patients. Our studies show that the cortical network became more efficient after training in the healthy subjects and stroke patients. These results demonstrate that our proposed method could contribute to the transference of coordination skill to the paretic/unpracticed hand by promoting the efficiency of cortical networks.

Published
2023
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2. Patient-derived melanoma organoid models facilitate the assessment of immunotherapiesResearch in context

Author

Lingling Ou, Shujing Liu, Huaishan Wang, Yeye Guo, Lei Guan, Longbin Shen, Ruhui Luo, David E. Elder, Alexander C. Huang, Giorgos Karakousis, John Miura, Tara Mitchell, Lynn Schuchter, Ravi Amaravadi, Ahron Flowers, Haiwei Mou, Fan Yi, Wei Guo, Jina Ko, Qing Chen, Bin Tian, Meenhard Herlyn, and Xiaowei Xu

Subjects
Melanoma patient-derived organoids (MPDOs), Tumor microenvironment (TME), Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Anti-PD-1 antibodies, Small molecule inhibitor, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Only a minority of melanoma patients experience durable responses to immunotherapies due to inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity in melanoma. As a result, there is a pressing need for suitable preclinical models to investigate resistance mechanisms and enhance treatment efficacy. Methods: Here, we report two different methods for generating melanoma patient-derived organoids (MPDOs), one is embedded in collagen gel, and the other is inlaid in Matrigel. MPDOs in Matrigel are used for assessing the therapeutic effects of anti-PD-1 antibodies (αPD-1), autochthonous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and small molecule compounds. MPDOs in collagen gel are used for evaluating the chemotaxis and migratory capacity of TILs. Finding: The MPDOs in collagen gel and Matrigel have similar morphology and immune cell composition to their parental melanoma tissues. MPDOs show inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity and contain diverse immune cells such as CD4+, CD8+ T, Treg, CD14+ monocytic, CD15+, and CD11b+ myeloid cells. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in MPDOs is highly immunosuppressive, and the lymphoid and myeloid lineages express similar levels of PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 as their parental melanoma tissues. Anti-PD-1 antibodies (αPD-1) reinvigorate CD8+ T cells and induce melanoma cell death in the MPDOs. TILs expanded by IL-2 and αPD-1 show significantly lower expression of TIM-3, better migratory capacity and infiltration of autochthonous MPDOs, and more effective killing of melanoma cells than TILs expanded by IL-2 alone or IL-2 with αCD3. A small molecule screen discovers that Navitoclax increases the cytotoxicity of TIL therapy. Interpretation: MPDOs may be used to test immune checkpoint inhibitors and cellular and targeted therapies. Funding: This work was supported by the NIH grants CA114046, CA261608, CA258113, and the Tara Miller Melanoma Foundation.

Published
2023
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3. Effect of high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over M1 for consciousness recovery after traumatic brain injury

Author

Longbin Shen, Yixuan Huang, Yujun Liao, Xiaona Yin, Yulin Huang, Jianlin Ou, Hui Ouyang, Zhuoming Chen, and Jinyi Long

Subjects
disorders of consciousness, M1, neuroregulation, rTMS, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Background The brain area stimulated during repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment is important in altered states of consciousness. However, the functional contribution of the M1 region during the treatment of high‐frequency rTMS remains unclear. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the clinical [the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and the coma recovery scale‐revised (CRS‐R)] and neurophysiological (EEG reactivity and SSEP) responses in vegetative state (VS) patients following traumatic brain injury (TBI) before and after a protocol of high‐frequency rTMS over the M1 region. Methods Ninety‐nine patients in a VS following TBI were recruited so that their clinical and neurophysiological responses could be evaluated in this study. These patients were randomly allocated into three experimental groups: rTMS over the M1 region (test group; n = 33), rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (control group; n = 33) and placebo rTMS over the M1 region (placebo group; n = 33). Each rTMS treatment lasted 20 min and was carried out once a day. The duration of this protocol was a month with 20 treatments (5 times per week) occurring with that time. Results We found that the clinical and neurophysiological responses improved after treatment in the test, control, and placebo groups; the improvement was highest in the test group compared to that in the control and placebo groups. Conclusions Our results demonstrate an effective method of high‐frequency rTMS over the M1 region for consciousness recovery after severe brain injury.

Published
2023
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4. Deep transfer learning to quantify pleural effusion severity in chest X-rays

Author

Tao Huang, Rui Yang, Longbin Shen, Aozi Feng, Li Li, Ningxia He, Shuna Li, Liying Huang, and Jun Lyu

Subjects
Pleural effusion, Severity, Deep learning, X-rays, Chest radiographs, MIMIC-CXR, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Abstract Purpose The detection of pleural effusion in chest radiography is crucial for doctors to make timely treatment decisions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We used the MIMIC-CXR database to develop a deep learning model to quantify pleural effusion severity in chest radiographs. Methods The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Chest X-ray (MIMIC-CXR) dataset was divided into patients ‘with’ or ‘without’ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The label of pleural effusion severity was obtained from the extracted COPD radiology reports and classified into four categories: no effusion, small effusion, moderate effusion, and large effusion. A total of 200 datasets were randomly sampled to manually check each item and determine whether the tags are correct. A professional doctor re-tagged these items as a verification cohort without knowing their previous tags. The learning models include eight common network structures including Resnet, DenseNet, and GoogleNET. Three data processing methods (no sampling, downsampling, and upsampling) and two loss algorithms (focal loss and cross-entropy loss) were used for unbalanced data. The Neural Network Intelligence tool was applied to train the model. Receiver operating characteristic curves, Area under the curve, and confusion matrix were employed to evaluate the model results. Grad-CAM was used for model interpretation. Results Among the 8533 patients, 15,620 chest X-rays with clearly marked pleural effusion severity were obtained (no effusion, 5685; small effusion, 4877; moderate effusion, 3657; and large effusion, 1401). The error rate of the manual check label was 6.5%, and the error rate of the doctor’s relabeling was 11.0%. The highest accuracy rate of the optimized model was 73.07. The micro-average AUCs of the testing and validation cohorts was 0.89 and 0.90, respectively, and their macro-average AUCs were 0.86 and 0.89, respectively. The AUC of the distinguishing results of each class and the other three classes were 0.95 and 0.94, 0.76 and 0.83, 0.85 and 0.83, and 0.87 and 0.93. Conclusion The deep transfer learning model can grade the severity of pleural effusion.

Published
2022
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5. Plantar pressure and falling risk in older individuals: a cross‐sectional study

Author

Yifeng Yan, Jianlin Ou, Hanxue Shi, Chenming Sun, Longbin Shen, Zhen Song, Lin Shu, and Zhuoming Chen

Subjects
Fall risk, Elderly people, Plantar pressure, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background Falls are commonplace among elderly people. It is urgent to prevent falls. Previous studies have confirmed that there is a difference in plantar pressure between falls and non‐falls in elderly people, but the relationship between fall risk and foot pressure has not been studied. In this study, the differences in dynamic plantar pressure between elderly people with high and low fall risk were preliminarily discussed, and the characteristic parameters of plantar pressure were determined. Methods Twenty four high‐fall‐risk elderly individuals (HR) and 24 low‐fall‐risk elderly individuals (LR) were selected using the Berg Balance Scale 40 score. They wore wearable foot pressure devices to walk along a 20‐m‐long corridor. The peak pressure (PP), pressure time integral (PTI), pressure gradient (maximum pressure gradient (MaxPG), minimum pressure gradient (MinPG), full width at half maximum (FWHM)) and average pressure (AP) of their feet were measured for inter‐group and intra‐group analysis. Results The foot pressure difference comparing the high fall risk with low fall risk groups was manifested in PP and MaxPG, concentrated in the midfoot and heel (p

Published
2023
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6. A novel upper-limb tracking system in a virtual environment for stroke rehabilitation

Author

Kuan Cha, Jinying Wang, Yan Li, Longbin Shen, Zhuoming Chen, and Jinyi Long

Subjects
Virtual reality, Avatar control, Rehabilitation, Upper limb, Motor function, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Background The transfer of the behaviors of a human’s upper limbs to an avatar is widely used in the field of virtual reality rehabilitation. To perform the transfer, movement tracking technology is required. Traditionally, wearable tracking devices are used for tracking; however, these devices are expensive and cumbersome. Recently, non-wearable upper-limb tracking solutions have been proposed, which are less expensive and more comfortable. However, most products cannot track the upper limbs, including the arms and all the fingers at the same time, which limits the limb parts for tracking in a virtual environment and may lead to a limited rehabilitation effect. Methods In this paper, a novel virtual reality rehabilitation system (VRRS) was developed for upper-limb rehabilitation. The VRRS could track the motion of both upper limbs, integrate fine finger motion and the range of motion of the entire arm and map the motion to an avatar. To test the performance of VRRS, two experiments were designed. In the first experiment, we investigated the effect of VRRS on virtual body ownership, agency and location of the body and usability in 8 healthy participants by comparing it with a partial upper-limb tracking method based on a Leap Motion controller (LP) in the same virtual environments. In the second experiment, we examined the feasibility of VRRS in upper-limb rehabilitation with 27 stroke patients. Results VRRS improved the users’ senses of body ownership, agency, and location of the body. The users preferred using the VRRS to using the LP. In addition, we found that although the upper limb motor function of patients from all groups was improved, the difference between the FM scores tested on the first day and the last day of the experimental group was more significant than that of the control groups. Conclusions A VRRS with motion tracking of the upper limbs and avatar control including the arms and all the fingers was developed. It resulted in an improved user experience of embodiment and effectively improved the effects of upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients. Trial registration The study was registered at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Identifier: KY-2020–036; Date of registration: June 01, 2020.

Published
2021
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7. The Use of Antibiotics for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the MIMIC-IV Database

Author

Rui Yang, Tao Huang, Longbin Shen, Aozi Feng, Li Li, Shuna Li, Liying Huang, Ningxia He, Wei Huang, Hui Liu, and Jun Lyu

Subjects
ventilator-associated pneumonia, antibiotics, pathogenic bacteria, MIMIC-IV database, resistance rate, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Purpose: By analyzing the clinical characteristics, etiological characteristics and commonly used antibiotics of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care units (ICUs) in the intensive care database. This study aims to provide guidance information for the clinical rational use of drugs for patients with VAP.Method: Patients with VAP information were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, including their sociodemographic characteristics, vital signs, laboratory measurements, complications, microbiology, and antibiotic use. After data processing, the characteristics of the medications used by patients with VAP in ICUs were described using statistical graphs and tables, and experiences were summarized and the reasons were analyzed.Results: This study included 2,068 patients with VAP. Forty-eight patient characteristics, including demographic indicators, vital signs, biochemical indicators, scores, and comorbidities, were compared between the survival and death groups of VAP patients. Cephalosporins and vancomycin were the most commonly used. Among them, fourth-generation cephalosporin (ForGC) combined with vancomycin was used the most, by 540 patients. First-generati49n cephalosporin (FirGC) combined with vancomycin was associated with the highest survival rate (86.7%). More than 55% of patients were infected with Gram-negative bacteria. However, patients with VAP had fewer resistant strains (

Published
2022
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9. A novel upper-limb tracking system in a virtual environment for stroke rehabilitation

Author

Yan Li, Kuan Cha, Longbin Shen, Jinyi Long, Zhuoming Chen, and Jinying Wang

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Computer science, medicine.medical_treatment, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Wearable computer, Health Informatics, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Virtual reality, computer.software_genre, Motion (physics), Upper Extremity, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Match moving, medicine, Humans, Upper limb, Avatar control, Motor function, Telerehabilitation, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Research, Stroke Rehabilitation, Tracking system, Recovery of Function, Stroke, Virtual machine, Range of motion, business, computer, RC321-571
Abstract

Background The transfer of the behaviors of a human’s upper limbs to an avatar is widely used in the field of virtual reality rehabilitation. To perform the transfer, movement tracking technology is required. Traditionally, wearable tracking devices are used for tracking; however, these devices are expensive and cumbersome. Recently, non-wearable upper-limb tracking solutions have been proposed, which are less expensive and more comfortable. However, most products cannot track the upper limbs, including the arms and all the fingers at the same time, which limits the limb parts for tracking in a virtual environment and may lead to a limited rehabilitation effect. Methods In this paper, a novel virtual reality rehabilitation system (VRRS) was developed for upper-limb rehabilitation. The VRRS could track the motion of both upper limbs, integrate fine finger motion and the range of motion of the entire arm and map the motion to an avatar. To test the performance of VRRS, two experiments were designed. In the first experiment, we investigated the effect of VRRS on virtual body ownership, agency and location of the body and usability in 8 healthy participants by comparing it with a partial upper-limb tracking method based on a Leap Motion controller (LP) in the same virtual environments. In the second experiment, we examined the feasibility of VRRS in upper-limb rehabilitation with 27 stroke patients. Results VRRS improved the users’ senses of body ownership, agency, and location of the body. The users preferred using the VRRS to using the LP. In addition, we found that although the upper limb motor function of patients from all groups was improved, the difference between the FM scores tested on the first day and the last day of the experimental group was more significant than that of the control groups. Conclusions A VRRS with motion tracking of the upper limbs and avatar control including the arms and all the fingers was developed. It resulted in an improved user experience of embodiment and effectively improved the effects of upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients. Trial registration The study was registered at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Identifier: KY-2020–036; Date of registration: June 01, 2020.

Published
2021

11. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol on How Best to Use Non-Pharmacologic Therapies to Manage Chronic Low Back Pain and Associated Depression

Author

Yu Guo, Qingyu Ma, Xuan Zhou, Juan Yang, Kejie He, Longbin Shen, Canghuan Zhao, Zhuoming Chen, Celia Ia Choo Tan, and Jiaxu Chen

Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Journal of Pain Research
Abstract

Yu Guo,1,* Qingyu Ma,1,* Xuan Zhou,1 Juan Yang,2 Kejie He,3 Longbin Shen,4 Canghuan Zhao,3 Zhuoming Chen,4 Celia Ia Choo Tan,5 Jiaxu Chen1 1Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, People’s Republic of China; 2Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 3Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou City, People’s Republic of China; 4Rehabilitation Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou City, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Physiotherapy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jiaxu Chen, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, People’s Republic of China, Email chenjiaxu@hotmail.comPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy of different non-pharmacologic therapies (NPTs) on relieving depressive symptoms and pain intensity in individuals living with chronic low back pain (LBP) and associated depression.Methods: A comprehensive search of seven English databases and two Chinese databases from inception to the search date will be undertaken. The reference lists of previously published relevant reviews and included trials will also be searched. Only peer-reviewed and published moderate-to-high quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for chronic LBP and associated depression treated with NPTs will be considered. Two independent reviewers will identify studies, extract data, assess risk of bias, and evaluate the strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Meta-analysis will be conducted to estimate the treatment effect of various NPTs. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochrane’s Q and the I-squared statistics. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be performed to assess the robustness of findings. A funnel plot will be developed to evaluate reporting bias, and Begg’s and Egger’s tests will be used to assess funnel plot symmetries.Results: This protocol outlines the planned scope and methodology for an upcoming systematic review and meta-analysis, which will provide up-to-date evidence on 1) which NPTs are associated with improvements in depressive symptoms and pain intensity and 2) whether the effects of NPTs on chronic LBP and associated depression vary according to clinical condition, participant, and treatment characteristics.Conclusion: Our meta-analyses of moderate-to-high quality RCTs will help to develop specific recommendations on prescribing NPTs in patients with chronic LBP and associated depression.Study Registration: This protocol is registered on the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (INPLASY) protocols platform as record No. INPLASY202260055.Keywords: non-pharmacologic therapies, chronic low back pain and associated depression, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trial, protocol

Published
2022

13. The Effect of a Full Upper-Limb Control System and Its Usage in Stroke Rehabilitation

Author

Longbin Shen, Jinying Wang, Yan Li, Kuan Cha, Jinyi Long, and Zhuoming Chen

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.anatomical_structure, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Control system, medicine.medical_treatment, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, medicine, Upper limb, medicine.disease, business, Stroke
Abstract

Backgrounds: Transferring behaviors of a human’s upper-limbs to an avatar is widely used in the field of virtual reality rehabilitation. To realize the transfer, movement tracking technology is required. Traditionally, wearable tracking devices are used to do the tracking, however the devices are expensive and cumbersome. Recently, non-wearable upper-limb tracking solutions are proposed, which are cheaper and more comfortable to interact. But most of the existing products cannot track full upper-limbs including both the arms and all the fingers, which limits the motion paradigm and further may lead to limited rehabilitation effect. Methods: In this paper, a novel method was first proposed for full avatar’s upper-limb control which integrates the fine finger motion and the arm wide range motion. Then, based on the method, a Virtual Reality Rehabilitation System (VRRS) was developed for upper-limb rehabilitation. To test the performance of VRRS, two experiments were designed. First, in order to investigate the effect of VRRS on virtual body ownership, agency, location of the body and usability, we compared it with the partial upper-limb tracking method based on Leap Motion controller (LP) in same virtual environments. Then, to study the feasibility of VRRS in rehabilitation, we recruited 16 stroke patients and split them into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Each group consisted 8 patients, with and without employing VRRS respectively.Results: The control of full avatar’s upper-limbs improved the users’ senses on body ownership, agency and location of the body. The users preferred to use VRRS. In addition, although the upper-limb motor function of patients from both groups were improved, the difference between the FM scores tested on the first day and the last day of the experimental group was more significant than that of the control group. Conclusions: VRRS based on the proposed method for full avatar’s upper-limbs control was developed, which improved the user experience on embodiment and effectively improved the rehabilitation effect for upper-limbs of stroke patients.Trial registration:The study was registered at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Identifier: KY-2020-036; Date of registration - June 01, 2020.

Published
2021

15. Tui Na for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)

Author

Juan Yang, Jeffrey S. Brault, Mark A. Jensen, Alexander Do, Qingyu Ma, Xuan Zhou, Longbin Shen, Canghuan Zhao, Kwok Chee Philip Cheong, Kejie He, Yu Guo, Zhuoming Chen, Shujie Tang, Yong Tang, Celia Ia Choo Tan, Jiaxu Chen, and Brent A. Bauer

Abstract

BACKGROUND Chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) is one of the most common complex pain conditions, and it is strongly associated with high rates of disability. Even though several studies on Tui na for CNLBP have been reported, to our knowledge there has been no systematic review of the currently available publications. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis that will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tui na therapy for patients with CNLBP. METHODS An electronic literature search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Springer, Scopus, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Clarivate Analytics, and Chinese biomedical databases (the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-fang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases) will be conducted. Studies will be screened by two reviewers independently based on titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text reading with eligibility criteria. Randomized controlled trials involving Tui na for patients with CNLBP will be reviewed. The primary outcomes of the study are improvement of pain, analgesic medication reduction, improvement of functional disability, and degree of satisfaction with the intervention. A secondary outcome is any adverse event of Tui na intervention. Methodological quality and risk of bias will be assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. If studies are sufficient, a meta-analysis of the effectiveness will be performed. If possible, we will evaluate publication bias using funnel plots. If substantial heterogeneity between studies is present, and there are sufficient studies, subgroup analyses will be conducted to explain the study findings. RESULTS The review database searches will be initiated in December 2020, with findings expected by January 2021. CONCLUSIONS This protocol will establish a framework of a high-quality literature synthesis on the impact of Tui na treatment in patients with CNLBP. The proposed review will determine whether Tui na is effective and safe for CNLBP patients. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42020166731; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=166731 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/20615

Published
2020

16. Tui Na for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Jeffrey S. Brault, Jiaxu Chen, Zhuoming Chen, Yu Guo, Canghuan Zhao, Longbin Shen, Qingyu Ma, Xuan Zhou, Brent A. Bauer, Shujie Tang, Kejie He, Yong Tang, Alexander Do, Mark A. Jensen, Kwok Chee Philip Cheong, Celia Ia Choo Tan, and Juan Yang

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Funnel plot, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, systematic review, Randomized controlled trial, law, Protocol, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, low back pain, business.industry, General Medicine, Publication bias, Low back pain, Clinical trial, Meta-analysis, Tuina, Physical therapy, Medicine, Tui na, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) is one of the most common complex pain conditions, and it is strongly associated with high rates of disability. Even though several studies on Tui na for CNLBP have been reported, to our knowledge there has been no systematic review of the currently available publications. Objective This study aims to develop a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis that will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tui na therapy for patients with CNLBP. Methods An electronic literature search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Springer, Scopus, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Clarivate Analytics, and Chinese biomedical databases (the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-fang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases) will be conducted. Studies will be screened by two reviewers independently based on titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text reading with eligibility criteria. Randomized controlled trials involving Tui na for patients with CNLBP will be reviewed. The primary outcomes of the study are improvement of pain, analgesic medication reduction, improvement of functional disability, and degree of satisfaction with the intervention. A secondary outcome is any adverse event of Tui na intervention. Methodological quality and risk of bias will be assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. If studies are sufficient, a meta-analysis of the effectiveness will be performed. If possible, we will evaluate publication bias using funnel plots. If substantial heterogeneity between studies is present, and there are sufficient studies, subgroup analyses will be conducted to explain the study findings. Results The review database searches will be initiated in December 2020, with findings expected by January 2021. Conclusions This protocol will establish a framework of a high-quality literature synthesis on the impact of Tui na treatment in patients with CNLBP. The proposed review will determine whether Tui na is effective and safe for CNLBP patients. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42020166731; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=166731 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/20615

Published
2021

17. SpBADH of the halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum strongly confers drought tolerance through ROS scavenging in transgenic Arabidopsis

Author

Xinwen Hu, Chenglong Yang, Yang Zhou, Jianchun Guo, Jie Fan, Ruijun Duan, Shaoping Fu, Ruimei Li, Yuhua Fu, Yuan Yao, and Longbin Shen

Subjects
Physiology, Drought tolerance, Arabidopsis, Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Plant Science, Biology, Genes, Plant, Osmotic Pressure, Halophyte, Genetics, Osmotic pressure, Proline, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Abiotic stress, Superoxide Dismutase, fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Catalase, Plants, Genetically Modified, Adaptation, Physiological, Droughts, Betaine, Biochemistry, Aizoaceae, Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase, Reactive Oxygen Species
Abstract

Glycine betaine (GB) accumulation is involved in abiotic stress. However, it is not known whether BADH, the key enzyme of GB synthesis, utilizes the antioxidant system to confer drought stress tolerance. In this study, a novel member of the ALDH10 gene family, SpBADH, was isolated from Sesuvium portulacastrum. The expression of this gene was up-regulated by NaCl, PEG6000, H2O2, ABA and high temperature in S. portulacastrum. SpBADH overexpression in Arabidopsis resulted in higher BADH activity and GB content and might increase tolerance to drought/osmotic stresses, specifically strong tolerance to drought stress. Transgenic lines exhibited lower MDA and H2O2 contents but higher proline, POD, SOD and CAT contents than the wild type under drought and osmotic stresses. SpBADH overexpression in Arabidopsis also enhanced the expression of ROS-related genes including AtSOD, AtPOD, AtCAT, AtAPX and Atpsb under drought and osmotic stresses. Thus, SpBADH increases plant tolerance to drought or osmotic stresses by reducing H2O2, increasing proline, and activating antioxidative enzymes to improve ROS scavenging.

Published
2015

18. Towards learning from demonstration system for parts assembly: A graph based representation for knowledge

Author

Longbin Shen, Yue Wang, Kaixiao Sun, Liwei Qi, Rong Xiong, and Jiafan Zhang

Subjects
Engineering drawing, Industrial robot, Theoretical computer science, Computer science, law, Process (computing), Robot, Graph (abstract data type), Context (language use), Workspace, Representation (mathematics), Knowledge transfer, law.invention
Abstract

The industrial robot plays an increasingly important role in manufacturing industry, but it is limited by its high prerequisite of programming on users, which is time consuming and challenging. In this context, a mechanism enabling autoprogram of robot is desired. Learning from demonstration system (LDS) is one of systems that aim on this goal. In this paper, we present a graph based representation of knowledge called assembly graph (AG) to describe the knowledge on parts assembly, which is independent on specific workspace or robot. Based on this graph representation, a LDS framework is then proposed for parts assembly to enable knowledge transform and knowledge transfer. The former means that the knowledge on part assembly can be transformed from the human to the robot and the latter means that the knowledge can be transferred from the leaned computer to any other robots with other workspace. Besides, we present an implementation of this conceptual framework consisting of two stages including demonstration and execution. In demonstration stage, a human teacher shows the process of parts assembly, which is recorded by a camera system. The assembly relations are detected from images and represented by AG. It is solved by taking property of parts as well as the robot into consideration to obtain the precise pose of each part. By using the solution, the robot can assemble the parts as shown in demonstration in the execution stage. In the experiment, the building blocks are used for assembly. Our robot succeeds in assembling some building blocks together which is initially demonstrated by a human teacher.

Published
2014

21. Genetic Diversity and Correlation Analysis of Main Botanical Traits of Chili Pepper Genetic Resources.

Author

Ziji LIU, Longbin SHEN, Yan YANG, and Zhenmu CAO

Subjects
*PEPPER genetics, *HOT peppers, *GERMPLASM, *PLANT genetics, *GENETIC research, *STATISTICAL correlation
Abstract

A total of 398 chili pepper germplasms were used as test materials and genetic diversity and correlation analysis were performed on 17 botanical traits. The results of diversity analysis showed that the diversity indexes of the 17 botanical traits ranged from 0.15 to 5.97 with the average value of 4. 12. The data distributions of 11 quantitative traits were more dispersed than qualitative traits. The average value of coefficient of variation was 36.90% and the variation ranges were one to six times larger than the average value. The results of correlation analysis showed that plant height had significantly positive correlations with plant breadth, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, the first flower node and carpopodium length. The first flower node was significantly negatively correlated with fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness and weight per fruit and significantly positively correlated with plant height and plant breadth. The flesh thickness was significantly positively correlated with leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, fruit length, fruit width and carpopodium length. The weight per fruit was significantly positively correlated with leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, fruit length, fruit width, carpopodium length and flesh thickness. Materials with low first flower node, moderate plant height and width and large fruit should be selected for the breeding of early-maturing and high-yield chili pepper varieties. The genetic distances between chili pepper traits were calculated based on the genotypic values of the 11 quantitative traits. The genetic distances between different traits ranged from 14.26 to 32.99. The 11 quantitative traits were divided into seven groups when the rescaled distance was ten, which further clarified the relationships between different traits. The research results laid a solid foundation for the new variety breeding of chili pepper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

22. Improved Technology of Surface-Surface Intersection Based on Delaunay Triangulation.

Author

Longbin, Shen and Jian, Chu

Subjects
TRIANGULATION, INTERSECTION theory, ALGORITHMS, SIMULATION methods & models, WEIGHTED graphs, SURFACE topography
Abstract

Abstract: This paper mainly focused on the surface-surface intersection problem in surface border modeling. This paper introduced the intersection testing algorithm to obtain the initial intersecting lines based on the Delaunay triangulation of two surfaces. After the detection of intersecting lines’ continuity, the “weighted surface border extension algorithm” was put forward to guarantee the continuity of intersecting lines. When the discrete data is deficiency, “weighted surface border extension algorithm” is applied to guarantee the existence of intersecting lines between the surfaces which have the tendency to intersect. This paper applied “weighted surface border extension algorithm” on the result of intersecting lines to guarantee that the endpoints of intersecting lines lie on the border of both surfaces, which can be convenient to the following Constrained Delaunay Triangulation and surface cutting steps. Simulation results showed the proposed algorithm was feasible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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