Search

Purpose: Entrepreneurial competence plays a decisive role in entrepreneurship success. To promote the employment of college students and accelerate economic growth through entrepreneurial activities, the Chinese government and universities encourage the use of multiple inputs to boost holistic entrepreneurship education and training. This study aims to assesses the entrepreneurial competence of college students by analysing the effects of entrepreneurship education and policy implementation in China. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative approach considered a large sample of 12,269 students, who participated in entrepreneurship education in Chinese "double-first-class" universities, to construct a theoretical model of their entrepreneurial competence. Entrepreneurship competition was introduced as a mediating variable in this model. Findings: This study revealed that college students develop entrepreneurial competence by participating in entrepreneurship competitions unlike students who participate in regular entrepreneurship education. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the measured impact of entrepreneurship policy between students who participated in entrepreneurship competitions and those who did not. Originality/value: The effects of the implementation of entrepreneurship education and policy were studied using a quantitative design. Additionally, this study highlights the effect of entrepreneurship competitions with empirical evidence from China, and contributes to the discussion of entrepreneurship education at schools and entrepreneurship policy for policymakers.

The composition of abilities of innovation and entrepreneurship instructors and their state of competence are key to the advancement of efforts for innovation and entrepreneurship education at higher education institutions, and the multidimensional dynamic structure of instructor abilities determines the baseline for the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education at higher education institutions. On the basis of an empirical survey of a large sample of 1,231 higher education institutions across China, this study designed a scale for the composition of basic abilities among innovation and entrepreneurship instructors, a scale for factors influencing the improvement of abilities, a scale for the operating mechanisms of innovation and entrepreneurship education, and a scale for the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education, and applied a multiple regression analysis model to verify the relationship among the three factors of the composition of instructors' abilities, the operating mechanisms for innovation and entrepreneurship, and the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education. The study found that the structure of abilities of innovation and entrepreneurship instructors at Chinese higher education institutions is unbalanced, and they lack specialized knowledge and skills; the measures for organizational support provided by higher education institutions as the major agents implementing innovation and entrepreneurship education are undiversified; and the current state of development of the abilities of innovation and entrepreneurship instructors does not suffice to support sustained improvement in the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education. Chinese higher education institutions must construct organizational support systems aimed at promoting innovation and entrepreneurship instructors' sense of identification and specialized development. [This article was translated by Carissa Fletcher.]

This study examines the pathway of entrepreneurship education (EE), digital government building (DGB), and gender differences on entrepreneurial competence of college social entrepreneurs and analyzes the role of entrepreneurial cognition (EC). A sample of 20,134 college students from higher education institutions in 31 provinces of China was used to test the hypothesis. This study found that EE and DGB have positive influence on entrepreneurial competence of social entrepreneurs; compared with men, female social entrepreneurs have a higher level of social entrepreneurship competence. Moreover, EC plays a mediating role among EE, DGB and entrepreneurial competence of social entrepreneurs; however, EC plays a masking role in the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial competence of social entrepreneurs. This study empirically analyzed the mechanisms that influence college social entrepreneurs and provides a new perspective on the role of EC in entrepreneurial competence. It is suggested to strengthen the building of a digital government and entrepreneurship education of college students' social entrepreneurs in the future, and to pay attention to the important role of individual psychological cognition in individual social entrepreneurship ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new phenylethanoid, hebitol IV (1), along with fifteen known glycosides (2-16), were isolated from water extract of the flower buds of Buddleja officinalis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1 D-NMR, 2 D-NMR and MS data. Molecular docking showed the potential activities of the natural products against VEGFR-2. Bioassay results revealed that the compounds 10 and 14 exhibited strong inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2 with IC50 values of 0.51 and 0.32 μM, respectively. Moreover, the potential retinal protective effects of 10 and 14 were then investigated in the mouse model featuring bright light-induced retinal degeneration. The results demonstrated remarkable photoreceptor protective activities of 10 and 14in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new phenolic derivatives, picraquanines A–C (1–3), along with 6 known ones 4–9 were obtained from the stems of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. The new structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including IR, HRESIMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY experiments. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by comparison of its experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Furthermore, all the compounds were tested for their nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory effects against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, however, none of them exhibited inhibitory effects (IC50 >100 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]