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Background As the population suffering from hypertension tends to be younger, the National Basic Public Health Service Project focuses on monitoring individuals aged 35 and above. Presently, the number of hypertensive patients in the community is increasing annually, which significantly increasing the burden of community healthcare. However, few longitudinal studies have been conducted in recent years to investigate the changes in blood pressure and distribution of hypertensive patients after community management. Objective To explore the trends in blood pressure changes among hypertensive individuals aged 35 and above in community management, unveiling the trajectory and distribution characteristics of hypertension in this population. Methods This study relied on a retrospective cohort study established from 2020 to 2022 under the National Basic Public Health Service Project. From January 2020 to December 2022, hypertensive patients meeting the diagnostic criteria in the National Basic Public Health Service Specification (The Third Edition) were selected from community health service centers/stations in a certain district in Guiyang City responsible for basic public health services. Baseline data were collected using personal basic information forms (gender, age, and duration of hypertension). Follow-up data, including height, BMI, blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), follow-up methods, medication adherence, and control satisfaction, were collected using follow-up record forms. BMI, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) of the research subjects were calculated. Follow-up was conducted every six months for a total of five times. Latent growth curve models (LGCM) and growth mixture models (GMM) were employed to explore the trajectories of blood pressure values during follow-up among hypertensive individuals aged 35 and above, and to identify latent clusters with similar trajectories. Further analysis was conducted to examine the distribution characteristics of different blood pressure trajectory groups. Results A total of 15 958 hypertensive patients were included in the study, and both the baseline level and change rate of blood pressure in the hypertensive population were associated with the baseline level and change rate of BMI. Both systolic and diastolic pressures presented three similar trajectories of change. The three trajectories of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were defined and accounted for as 2.1% (332/15 958) /19.1% (3 052/15 958) in the group of low blood pressure increase, 5.7% (905/15 958) /6.1% (975/15 958) in the group of high blood pressure decrease, and 92.2% (14 721/15 958) /74.8% (11 931/15 958) in the group of stable mid-range blood pressure. Differences in disease duration, medication adherence, follow-up methods, control satisfaction, BMI, WHtR, and WC were statistically significant among different systolic pressure trajectory groups (P

The journal retracts the article, “Antiproliferative Activity of Triterpene Glycoside Nutrient from Monk Fruit in Colorectal Cancer and Throat Cancer” [...]

We assessed the rapid on-line evaluation (ROLE) protocol as a modification to the conventional rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in the diagnostic performance improvement in endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) for solid pancreatic lesions. This single-center, retrospective study involved consecutive patients with solid pancreatic lesions undergoing EUS-TA at Peking University First Hospital between October 2017 and March 2021. Among 137 patients enrolled, 75 were in the ROLE group and 62 were in the non-ROSE group. The diagnostic yield (97.3% vs. 85.5%, p = 0.023), accuracy (94.7% vs. 82.3%, p = 0.027), and sensitivity (95.7% vs. 81.1%, p = 0.011) were significantly higher in the ROLE group compared to the non-ROSE group. However, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) showed no significant differences (all p-values > 0.05). Additionally, there was a noteworthy reduction in the number of needle passes required in the ROLE group compared to the non-ROSE group (two vs. three, p < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis, fine needle biopsy (FNB) combined with ROLE demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to FNB with non-ROSE (100% vs. 93.1%, p = 0.025). Compared with the non-ROSE protocol, the ROLE protocol might improve the diagnostic performance of EUS-TA for solid pancreatic lesions, and potentially reduce the number of needle passes requirement.

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exert critical effects in spinal cord injury (SCI). The miR‐33‐5p level is found to be lower in rats with SCI compared with that in control (untreated) and sham‐operated (laminectomy but no contusion) rats. Therefore, we investigated the biological functions of miR‐33‐5p and related mechanisms in SCI pathogenesis and development. An in vivo SCI model and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced cell model of SCI were established. A downregulated level of miR‐33‐5p in experimental SCI and in LPS‐treated PC12 cells was revealed by reverse transcriptase‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). MiR‐33‐5p upregulation alleviated the leakage of the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) induced by SCI and improved the neurological functions of SCI rats, as evidenced by the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores and Evans blue staining. The regulatory relationship between miR‐33‐5p and Rps6kb1 was verified by luciferase reporter assays, which demonstrated that miR‐33‐5p bound to the Rps6kb1 3′UTR. Moreover, as MTT assays and flow cytometry showed, the suppressive effects of miR‐33‐5p upregulation on cell apoptosis were attenuated by Rps6kb1 upregulation. In conclusion, miR‐33‐5p ameliorates SCI in rats and inhibits the LPS‐induced apoptosis of PC12 cells.

BackgroundNumerous studies have shown autophagy affects cellular immune responses. This study aims to explore prognosis and immunotherapeutic biomarkers related to autophagy in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD).MethodsBased on R software, we performed the ssGSEA, differential expression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, correlation analysis, and enrichment analysis. For wet experiment, we did qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and CCK-8 experiments.ResultsUsing autophagy-related genes (ARGs) and the ssGSEA, COAD patients were divided into low and high autophagy groups. For immune score, stromal score, tumor purity, tumor infiltrating immune cells, co-signaling molecules, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, immune-related pathways, immune signatures, somatic mutations and subtype analysis, high autophagy group might benefit more from immunotherapy. Among 232 ARGs, IFNG was generally significantly correlated with tumor immunotherapy biomarkers (PD-L1, CD8A and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)). The disease-free survival of high IFNG group was significantly longer than that of low group. On above-mentioned immune-related research, the high IFNG group reached the same conclusion. The qRT-PCR and IHC analysis confirmed that IFNG was significantly higher expressed in dMMR samples compared to pMMR samples. For chemotherapy, the autophagy and IFNG were significantly negatively related to the chemosensitivity to cisplatin; IFNG inhibitor glucosamine increased cisplatin chemoresistance while IFNG increased cisplatin chemosensitivity; IFNG could reverse glucosamine induced chemoresistance. The functional enrichment analysis of IFNG, PD-L1, CD8A and 20 similar proteins were related to the activation of the immune system. The GSEA and ceRNA network partly described interaction mechanisms of IFNG with PD-L1 and CD8A.ConclusionAutophagy score and IFNG expression were novel immunotherapy predictive biomarkers, which might play predictive effects through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. IFNG might be a potential targeted therapy for cisplatin resistant colon cancer. Besides, IFNG was also a prognostic indicator.

A two-color vibrational imaging technique for simultaneously mapping glucose uptake and incorporation activity inside single living cells is reported. Heterogeneous patterns of glucose metabolism are directly visualized from the ratiometric two-color images for various cell types, cells undergoing epithelia-to-mesenchymal transitions and live mouse brain tissues. The two-color imaging of glucose metabolism here demonstrates the development of multi-functional vibrational probes for multicolor imaging of cellular metabolism.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is generally regarded as a promising energy conversion device due to its low noise, high efficiency, low pollution, and quick startup. The design of the catalyst layer structure is crucial in boosting cell performance. The traditional catalyst layer has high oxygen transmission resistance, low utilization rate of Pt particles and high production cost. In this study, we offer a sub-model for an order-structured cathode catalyst layer coupled to a three-dimensional (3D) two-phase macroscopic PEMFC model. In the sub-model of the cathode catalyst layer, it is assumed that carbon nanowires are vertically arranged into the catalyst layer structure, platinum particles and ionomers adhere to the surface, and water films cover the cylindrical electrode. The impacts of triple-phase contents in the catalyst layer on cell performance are investigated and discussed in detail after the model has been validated using data from existing studies. The results show that when the triple-phase contents ratio of the order-structured cathode catalyst layer is the best, the overall cell power density of the cell can be maximized, that is, the Pt loading of 0.15 mg cm−2, carbon loading of 1.0 mg cm−2, and ionomer volume fraction of 0.2. The above study may provide guidance for constructing the PEMFC catalyst layer with high catalyst utilization and high performance.

PURPOSE: The explore the added value of peri-calcification regions on contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions presenting as only calcification on routine mammogram. METHODS: Patients who underwent CEM because of suspicious calcification-only lesions were included. The test set included patients between March 2017 and March 2019, while the validation set was collected between April 2019 and October 2019. The calcifications were automatically detected and grouped by a machine learning-based computer-aided system. In addition to extracting radiomic features on both low-energy (LE) and recombined (RC) images from the calcification areas, the peri-calcification regions, which is generated by extending the annotation margin radially with gradients from 1 mm to 9 mm, were attempted. Machine learning (ML) models were built to classify calcifications into malignant and benign groups. The diagnostic matrices were also evaluated by combing ML models with subjective reading. RESULTS: Models for LE (significant features: wavelet-LLL_glcm_Imc2_MLO; wavelet-HLL_firstorder_Entropy_MLO; wavelet-LHH_glcm_DifferenceVariance_CC; wavelet-HLL_glcm_SumEntropy_MLO;wavelet-HLH_glrlm_ShortRunLowGray LevelEmphasis_MLO; original_firstorder_Entropy_MLO; original_shape_Elongation_MLO) and RC (significant features: wavelet-HLH_glszm_GrayLevelNonUniformityNormalized_MLO; wavelet-LLH_firstorder_10Percentile_CC; original_firstorder_Maximum_MLO; wavelet-HHH_glcm_Autocorrelation_MLO; original_shape_Elongation_MLO; wavelet-LHL_glszm_GrayLevelNonUniformityNormalized_MLO; wavelet-LLH_firstorder_RootMeanSquared_MLO) images were set up with 7 features. Areas under the curve (AUCs) of RC models are significantly better than those of LE models with compact and expanded boundary (RC v.s. LE, compact: 0.81 v.s. 0.73, p < 0.05; expanded: 0.89 v.s. 0.81, p < 0.05) and RC models with 3 mm boundary extension yielded the best performance compared to those with other sizes (AUC = 0.89). Combining with radiologists' reading, the 3mm-boundary RC model achieved a sensitivity of 0.871 and negative predictive value of 0.937 with similar accuracy of 0.843 in predicting malignancy. CONCLUSIONS: The machine learning model integrating intra- and peri-calcification regions on CEM has the potential to aid radiologists' performance in predicting malignancy of suspicious breast calcifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]