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Objective To describe the changes in tuberculosis case notifications by the private sector after implementation of the Joint Effort for Elimination of Tuberculosis project in India in 2018. Methods We retrieved data from the project recorded in India's national tuberculosis surveillance system. We analysed data on 95 project districts in six states (Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab including Chandigarh, Telangana and West Bengal) to assess changes in the number of tuberculosis notifications, private provider notifiers and microbiological confirmations of cases from 2017 (baseline) to 2019. We compared case notification rates in districts where the project was implemented with the rates in districts where it was not. Findings From 2017 to 2019, tuberculosis notifications increased by 138.1% (from 44 695 to 106 404), and case notification rates more than doubled from 20 to 44 per 100 000 population. The number of private notifiers increased by over threefold, from 2912 to 9525, during this period. The number of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases notified increased by more than two times (from 10 780 to 25 384) and nearly three times (from 1477 to 4096), respectively. The districts where the project was implemented showed a 150.3% increase in case notification rates per 100 000 population from 2017 to 2019 (from 16.8 to 41.9) while in non-project districts, this increase was only 89.8% (from 6.1 to 11.6). Conclusion The substantial increase in tuberculosis notifications demonstrate the value of the project in engaging the private sector. Scaling up these interventions is important to consolidate and extend these gains towards tuberculosis elimination. Objectif Decrire les changements operes en matiere de signalement des cas de tuberculose par le secteur prive apres le deploiement du projet Joint Effort for Elimination ofTuberculosis en Inde en 2018. Methodes Nous avons extrait les donnees du projet enregistre dans le systeme national de surveillance de la tuberculose en Inde. Nous avons ensuite analyse les informations relatives aux 95 districts repris dans le projet, repartis sur six Etats (Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab-Chandigarh inclus--, Telangana et Bengale-Occidental), afin de mesurer l'evolution au niveau du nombre de signalements de cas de tuberculose, des auteurs de signalements parmi les prestataires prives, et de la confirmation microbiologique des cas entre 2017 (periode initiale) et 2019. Nous avons compare le taux de signalement entre les districts ou le projet avait ete mis en reuvre et ceux ou il ne l'avait pas ete. Resultats Entre 2017 et 2019, les cas de tuberculose signales ont augmente de 138,1% (de 44 695 a 106 404), tandis que le taux de signalement a plus que double, passant de 20 a 44 pour 100 000 habitants. Durant cette periode, le nombre d'auteurs de signalements issus du prive a ete multiplie par trois, passant de 2912 a 9525. Le nombre de cas de tuberculose ayant fait l'objet d'une confirmation microbiologique a plus que double (de 10 780 a 25 384) pour la tuberculose pulmonaire et presque triple (de 1477 a 4096) pour la tuberculose extrapulmonaire. Les districts ou le projet a ete mis en reuvre ont connu une hausse de 150,3% en termes de signalement des cas par 100 000 habitants entre 2017 et 2019 (de 16,8 a 41,9), contre seulement 89,8% (de 6,1 a 11,6) dans les districts non concernes par le projet. Conclusion La nette progression du nombre de signalements de tuberculose montre qu'un tel projet favorise l'implication du secteur prive. Multiplier ce type d'action est essentiel pour developper et renforcer son role dans l'elimination de la tuberculose. Objetivo Describir los cambios en las notificaciones de casos de tuberculosis que realiza el sector privado tras la ejecucion del proyecto Joint Effort for Elimination of Tuberculosis (Esfuerzo conjunto para la eliminacion de la tuberculosis) en la India en 2018. Metodos Se recuperaron datos del proyecto registrados en el sistema nacional de vigilancia de la tuberculosis de la India. Se analizaron los datos de 95 distritos del proyecto en seis estados (Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab, incluido Chandigarh, Telangana y Bengala Occidental) para evaluar los cambios en la cantidad de notificaciones de tuberculosis, los notificadores de proveedores privados y las confirmaciones microbiologicas de casos desde 2017 (base de referencia) hasta 2019. Se compararon las tasas de notificacion de casos en los distritos donde se ejecuto el proyecto con las tasas en los distritos donde no se ejecuto. Resultados De 2017 a 2019, las notificaciones de tuberculosis aumentaron un 138,1 % (de 44 695 a 106 404), y las tasas de notificacion de casos aumentaron mas del doble, de 20 a 44 por cada 100 000 habitantes. La cantidad de notificadores privados se multiplico por mas de tres, de 2912 a 9525, durante este periodo. La cantidad de casos notificados de tuberculosis pulmonar y extrapulmonar confirmados por pruebas microbiologicas aumento mas del doble (de 10 780 a 25 384) y casi el triple (de 1477 a 4096), respectivamente. Los distritos donde se ejecuto el proyecto mostraron un aumento del 150,3 % en las tasas de notificacion de casos por cada 100 000 habitantes de 2017 a 2019 (de 16,8 a 41,9), mientras que en los distritos donde no se ejecuto el proyecto, este aumento fue solo del 89,8 % (de 6,1 a 11,6). Conclusion El aumento sustancial de las notificaciones de tuberculosis demuestra el valor del proyecto al implicar al sector privado. La ampliacion de estas intervenciones es importante para consolidar y prolongar estos avances hacia la eliminacion de la tuberculosis., Introduction India, which accounts for more than a quarter of the global tuberculosis burden, aims to eliminate tuberculosis in the country by 2025. (1,2) Engagement of the private sector is [...]

The investigation was carried out during rabi season (November-April) of 2020-2021 in the polyhouse, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India to assess the performance of chickpea genotypes under salinity stress conditions. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications under two conditions: saline (pots without holes) and control (pots with holes). Twenty genotypes were collected out of which seventeen from ICRISAT, Hyderabad and three from ARS, SriGanganagar. The salinity stress was created using salts NaCl, which were administered in split doses of 60 mM at the time of sowing and 15 DAS. The study monitored various parameters such as phenological, physiological, morphological, biochemical, and yield parameters to determine the effect of salt stress on genotypes exhibiting different tolerance levels. The results showed that the total proline content increased due to the production of stress-related proteins during salinity stress. However, the yield parameters were reduced under stress conditions, with the highest decrease observed in the 60 mM NaCl treatment group compared to the control group. Based on the results of the study, ICC5439 and GNG 1581 are highly tolerant chickpea genotypes under salinity stress conditions. ICC 6050, ICC 251, ICC 252, and ICC 262 are medium tolerant genotypes, while ICC253, ICC 247, and ICC 249 are highly susceptible genotypes. Remaining are minimum tolerant and sensitive genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was conducted comprising of six corn hybrids that were subjected to drought and irrigated environment in separate columns in soil-plant-atmosphere-research (SPAR) cubes. The treatments and hybrids in SPAR cubes were replicated four times and a two factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to analyze the effect of drought on hybrids and their effects on traits. Significant drought × hybrid interactions were observed for most of the parameters. All the traits observed under this study were affected by drought conditions. Root volume (RV) and root shoot ratio (RSR) increased, and number of root tips (NRT), number of root forks (NRF), and number of root crossings (NRC) were drastically reduced under drought conditions. The photosynthetic rate (Phot) declined by 57.96% and electron transport rate (ETR) by 54.60% and was negatively correlated with plant height (PH) and root number (RN) during drought stress. Chlorophyll content (SPAD) showed a non-significant correlation with all the traits. As per results, there were significant differences among corn hybrids for different traits studied under the SPAR setup, which indicates that this setup successfully creates differences in treatments. A cumulative drought stress response index (CDSRI) was worked out. DKC-6581 and N61X-3110 were found to be highly drought tolerant as per our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study analysed a total of 272 saffron (Crocus sativus L.) genotypes using multivariate analysis. We carefully observed and recorded information about the floral, morphological and corm attributes. Significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the traits, indicating a high level of variability and suggesting a great potential for saffron improvement. The phenotypic variances were found to be greater than the estimated genotypic variances. Descriptive data on various morphological traits revealed significant differences in the frequency of phenotype classes as well as a wide distribution range. The high heritability estimates were observed in average number of daughter corms per plant (ANDCPP), initial weight of corms (IWC g), no. of buds/corm (NBPC), – no. of leaves in main sprout, (NLMS), number of sprouted buds per corm (NSBpC) and total number of leaves (TNL), whereas average weight of daughter corms per plant (AWBCPP), corm diameter (CDcm), pistal length (PL) cm, style length (STYLcm), fresh weight of pistals per plant (FWOPPPmg) and stigma length (STML cm), revealed medium sense of heritability. The traits dry weight of pistals per plants (DWOPPP mg), inner tepal width (ITW cm), leaf length (LLcm), number of flowers per corm (NFpC), outer tepal length (OTLcm), parianth length with tube (PLWT cm) and weight of stigma (WSTG mg) exhibited low broad-sense heritability. Principal component analysis (PCA) divulged that the first eight component characters had an eigenvalue greater than one with a contributory cumulative variance of 66.15% to the total variance, while as rest of the 16 components contributed 33.85% of total variation in a set of 272 genotypes of saffron. The eigenvalues for yield attributing traits for significant PCs ranged from 5.48 (PC1) to 1.03(PC8). The current study has revealed that there was a sufficient variability in a set of saffron germplasm lines which forms the basis for performance-based clonal selection. Moreover, identified elite genotypes based on saffron yield and corm attributes could be used in the saffron breeding programme for the development of saffron varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]