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1. Temperature- and pH-sensitive wearable materials for monitoring foot ulcers

Author

Salvo P, Calisi N, Melai B, Dini V, Paoletti C, Lomonaco T, Pucci A, Di Francesco F, Piaggesi A, and Romanelli M

Subjects
diabetic foot ulcer, wearable sensors, wound temperature, wound pH., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Pietro Salvo,1,2 Nicola Calisi,1 Bernardo Melai,1 Valentina Dini,3 Clara Paoletti,1 Tommaso Lomonaco,1 Andrea Pucci,1 Fabio Di Francesco,1 Alberto Piaggesi,4 Marco Romanelli3 1Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 2Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 3Wound Healing Research Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Pisa, 4Diabetic Foot Section, Department of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Abstract: Foot ulcers account for 15% of comorbidities associated with diabetes. Presently, no device allows the status of foot ulcers to be continuously monitored when patients are not hospitalized. In this study, we describe a temperature and a pH sensor capable of monitoring diabetic foot and venous leg ulcers developed in the frame of the seventh framework program European Union project SWAN-iCare (smart wearable and autonomous negative pressure device for wound monitoring and therapy). Temperature is measured by exploiting the variations in the electrical resistance of a nanocomposite consisting of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene). The pH sensor used a graphene oxide (GO) layer that changes its electrical potential when pH changes. The temperature sensor has a sensitivity of ~85 Ω/°C in the range 25°C–50°C and a high repeatability (maximum standard deviation of 0.1% over seven repeated measurements). For a GO concentration of 4 mg/mL, the pH sensor has a sensitivity of ~42 mV/pH and high linearity (R2=0.99). Keywords: diabetic foot ulcer, wearable sensors, wound temperature, wound pH

Published
2017

4. Combining electrodermal activity analysis and dynamic causal modeling to investigate the visual-odor multimodal integration during face perception

Author

Rho, G, Callara, A, Bossi, F, Ognibene, D, Cecchetto, C, Lomonaco, T, Scilingo, E, Greco, A, Callara, AL, Scilingo, Enzo P, Rho, G, Callara, A, Bossi, F, Ognibene, D, Cecchetto, C, Lomonaco, T, Scilingo, E, Greco, A, Callara, AL, and Scilingo, Enzo P

Abstract

Objective. This study presents a novel methodological approach for incorporating information related to the peripheral sympathetic response into the investigation of neural dynamics. Particularly, we explore how hedonic contextual olfactory stimuli influence the processing of neutral faces in terms of sympathetic response, event-related potentials and effective connectivity analysis. The objective is to investigate how the emotional valence of odors influences the cortical connectivity underlying face processing and the role of face-induced sympathetic arousal in this visual-olfactory multimodal integration. Approach. To this aim, we combine electrodermal activity (EDA) analysis and dynamic causal modeling to examine changes in cortico-cortical interactions. Results. The results reveal that stimuli arising sympathetic EDA responses are associated with a more negative N170 amplitude, which may be a marker of heightened arousal in response to faces. Hedonic odors, on the other hand, lead to a more negative N1 component and a reduced the vertex positive potential when they are unpleasant or pleasant. Concerning connectivity, unpleasant odors strengthen the forward connection from the inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) to the middle temporal gyrus, which is involved in processing changeable facial features. Conversely, the occurrence of sympathetic responses after a stimulus is correlated with an inhibition of this same connection and an enhancement of the backward connection from ITG to the fusiform face gyrus. Significance. These findings suggest that unpleasant odors may enhance the interpretation of emotional expressions and mental states, while faces capable of eliciting sympathetic arousal prioritize identity processing.

Published
2024

14. The novel Mechanical Ventilator Milano for the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Abba, A, Accorsi, C, Agnes, P, Alessi, E, Amaudruz, P, Annovi, A, Desages, F, Back, S, Badia, C, Bagger, J, Basile, V, Batignani, G, Bayo, A, Bell, B, Beschi, M, Biagini, D, Bianchi, G, Bicelli, S, Bishop, D, Boccali, T, Bombarda, A, Bonfanti, S, Bonivento, W, Bouchard, M, Breviario, M, Brice, S, Brown, R, Calvo-Mozota, J, Camozzi, L, Camozzi, M, Capra, A, Caravati, M, Carlini, M, Ceccanti, A, Celano, B, Cela Ruiz, J, Charette, C, Cogliati, G, Constable, M, Crippa, C, Croci, G, Cudmore, S, Dahl, C, Dal Molin, A, Daley, M, Di Guardo, C, D'Avenio, G, Davignon, O, Del Tutto, M, De Ruiter, J, Devoto, A, Diaz Gomez Maqueo, P, Di Francesco, F, Dossi, M, Druszkiewicz, E, Duma, C, Elliott, E, Farina, D, Fernandes, C, Ferroni, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fiorillo, G, Ford, R, Foti, G, Fournier, R, Franco, D, Fricbergs, C, Gabriele, F, Galbiati, C, Garcia Abia, P, Gargantini, A, Giacomelli, L, Giacomini, F, Giarratana, L, Gillespie, S, Giorgi, D, Girma, T, Gobui, R, Goeldi, D, Golf, F, Gorel, P, Gorini, G, Gramellini, E, Grosso, G, Guescini, F, Guetre, E, Hackman, G, Hadden, T, Hawkins, W, Hayashi, K, Heavey, A, Hersak, G, Hessey, N, Hockin, G, Hudson, K, Ianni, A, Ienzi, C, Ippolito, V, James, C, Jillings, C, Kendziora, C, Khan, S, Kim, E, King, M, King, S, Kittmer, A, Kochanek, I, Kowalkowski, J, Krucken, R, Kushoro, M, Kuula, S, Laclaustra, M, Leblond, G, Lee, L, Lennarz, A, Leyton, M, Li, X, Liimatainen, P, Lim, C, Lindner, T, Lomonaco, T, Lu, P, Lubna, R, Lukhanin, G, Luzon, G, Macdonald, M, Magni, G, Maharaj, R, Manni, S, Mapelli, C, Margetak, P, Martin, L, Martin, S, Martinez, M, Massacret, N, Mcclurg, P, Mcdonald, A, Meazzi, E, Migalla, R, Mohayai, T, Tosatti, L, Monzani, G, Moretti, C, Morrison, B, Mountaniol, M, Muraro, A, Napoli, P, Nati, F, Natzke, C, Noble, A, Norrick, A, Olchanski, K, Ortiz De Solorzano, A, Padula, F, Pallavicini, M, Palumbo, I, Panontin, E, Papini, N, Parmeggiano, L, Parmeggiano, S, Patel, K, Patel, A, Paterno, M, Pellegrino, C, Pelliccione, P, Pesudo, V, Pocar, A, Pope, A, Pordes, S, Prelz, F, Putignano, O, Raaf, J, Ratti, C, Razeti, M, Razeto, A, Reed, D, Refsgaard, J, Reilly, T, Renshaw, A, Retriere, F, Riccobene, E, Rigamonti, D, Rizzi, A, Rode, J, Romualdez, J, Russel, L, Sablone, D, Sala, S, Salomoni, D, Salvo, P, Sandoval, A, Sansoucy, E, Santorelli, R, Savarese, C, Scapparone, E, Schaubel, T, Scorza, S, Settimo, M, Shaw, B, Shawyer, S, Sher, A, Shi, A, Skensved, P, Slutsky, A, Smith, B, Smith, N, Stenzler, A, Straubel, C, Stringari, P, Suchenek, M, Sur, B, Tacchino, S, Takeuchi, L, Tardocchi, M, Tartaglia, R, Thomas, E, Trask, D, Tseng, J, Tseng, L, Vanpagee, L, Vedia, V, Velghe, B, Viel, S, Visioli, A, Viviani, L, Vonica, D, Wada, M, Walter, D, Wang, H, Wang, M, Westerdale, S, Wood, D, Yates, D, Yue, S, Zambrano, V, Abba A., Accorsi C., Agnes P., Alessi E., Amaudruz P., Annovi A., Desages F. A., Back S., Badia C., Bagger J., Basile V., Batignani G., Bayo A., Bell B., Beschi M., Biagini D., Bianchi G., Bicelli S., Bishop D., Boccali T., Bombarda A., Bonfanti S., Bonivento W. M., Bouchard M., Breviario M., Brice S., Brown R., Calvo-Mozota J. M., Camozzi L., Camozzi M., Capra A., Caravati M., Carlini M., Ceccanti A., Celano B., Cela Ruiz J. M., Charette C., Cogliati G., Constable M., Crippa C., Croci G., Cudmore S., Dahl C. E., Dal Molin A., Daley M., Di Guardo C., D'Avenio G., Davignon O., Del Tutto M., De Ruiter J., Devoto A., Diaz Gomez Maqueo P., Di Francesco F., Dossi M., Druszkiewicz E., Duma C., Elliott E., Farina D., Fernandes C., Ferroni F., Finocchiaro G., Fiorillo G., Ford R., Foti G., Fournier R. D., Franco D., Fricbergs C., Gabriele F., Galbiati C., Garcia Abia P., Gargantini A., Giacomelli L., Giacomini F., Giarratana L. S., Gillespie S., Giorgi D., Girma T., Gobui R., Goeldi D., Golf F., Gorel P., Gorini G., Gramellini E., Grosso G., Guescini F., Guetre E., Hackman G., Hadden T., Hawkins W., Hayashi K., Heavey A., Hersak G., Hessey N., Hockin G., Hudson K., Ianni A., Ienzi C., Ippolito V., James C. C., Jillings C., Kendziora C., Khan S., Kim E., King M., King S., Kittmer A., Kochanek I., Kowalkowski J., Krucken R., Kushoro M., Kuula S., Laclaustra M., Leblond G., Lee L., Lennarz A., Leyton M., Li X., Liimatainen P., Lim C., Lindner T., Lomonaco T., Lu P., Lubna R., Lukhanin G. A., Luzon G., Macdonald M., Magni G., Maharaj R., Manni S., Mapelli C., Margetak P., Martin L., Martin S., Martinez M., Massacret N., McClurg P., McDonald A. B., Meazzi E., Migalla R., Mohayai T., Tosatti L. M., Monzani G., Moretti C., Morrison B., Mountaniol M., Muraro A., Napoli P., Nati F., Natzke C. R., Noble A. J., Norrick A., Olchanski K., Ortiz De Solorzano A., Padula F., Pallavicini M., Palumbo I., Panontin E., Papini N., Parmeggiano L., Parmeggiano S., Patel K., Patel A., Paterno M., Pellegrino C., Pelliccione P., Pesudo V., Pocar A., Pope A., Pordes S., Prelz F., Putignano O., Raaf J. L., Ratti C., Razeti M., Razeto A., Reed D., Refsgaard J., Reilly T., Renshaw A., Retriere F., Riccobene E., Rigamonti D., Rizzi A., Rode J., Romualdez J., Russel L., Sablone D., Sala S., Salomoni D., Salvo P., Sandoval A., Sansoucy E., Santorelli R., Savarese C., Scapparone E., Schaubel T., Scorza S., Settimo M., Shaw B., Shawyer S., Sher A., Shi A., Skensved P., Slutsky A., Smith B., Smith N. J. T., Stenzler A., Straubel C., Stringari P., Suchenek M., Sur B., Tacchino S., Takeuchi L., Tardocchi M., Tartaglia R., Thomas E., Trask D., Tseng J., Tseng L., Vanpagee L., Vedia V., Velghe B., Viel S., Visioli A., Viviani L., Vonica D., Wada M., Walter D., Wang H., Wang M. H. L. S., Westerdale S., Wood D., Yates D., Yue S., Zambrano V., Abba, A, Accorsi, C, Agnes, P, Alessi, E, Amaudruz, P, Annovi, A, Desages, F, Back, S, Badia, C, Bagger, J, Basile, V, Batignani, G, Bayo, A, Bell, B, Beschi, M, Biagini, D, Bianchi, G, Bicelli, S, Bishop, D, Boccali, T, Bombarda, A, Bonfanti, S, Bonivento, W, Bouchard, M, Breviario, M, Brice, S, Brown, R, Calvo-Mozota, J, Camozzi, L, Camozzi, M, Capra, A, Caravati, M, Carlini, M, Ceccanti, A, Celano, B, Cela Ruiz, J, Charette, C, Cogliati, G, Constable, M, Crippa, C, Croci, G, Cudmore, S, Dahl, C, Dal Molin, A, Daley, M, Di Guardo, C, D'Avenio, G, Davignon, O, Del Tutto, M, De Ruiter, J, Devoto, A, Diaz Gomez Maqueo, P, Di Francesco, F, Dossi, M, Druszkiewicz, E, Duma, C, Elliott, E, Farina, D, Fernandes, C, Ferroni, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fiorillo, G, Ford, R, Foti, G, Fournier, R, Franco, D, Fricbergs, C, Gabriele, F, Galbiati, C, Garcia Abia, P, Gargantini, A, Giacomelli, L, Giacomini, F, Giarratana, L, Gillespie, S, Giorgi, D, Girma, T, Gobui, R, Goeldi, D, Golf, F, Gorel, P, Gorini, G, Gramellini, E, Grosso, G, Guescini, F, Guetre, E, Hackman, G, Hadden, T, Hawkins, W, Hayashi, K, Heavey, A, Hersak, G, Hessey, N, Hockin, G, Hudson, K, Ianni, A, Ienzi, C, Ippolito, V, James, C, Jillings, C, Kendziora, C, Khan, S, Kim, E, King, M, King, S, Kittmer, A, Kochanek, I, Kowalkowski, J, Krucken, R, Kushoro, M, Kuula, S, Laclaustra, M, Leblond, G, Lee, L, Lennarz, A, Leyton, M, Li, X, Liimatainen, P, Lim, C, Lindner, T, Lomonaco, T, Lu, P, Lubna, R, Lukhanin, G, Luzon, G, Macdonald, M, Magni, G, Maharaj, R, Manni, S, Mapelli, C, Margetak, P, Martin, L, Martin, S, Martinez, M, Massacret, N, Mcclurg, P, Mcdonald, A, Meazzi, E, Migalla, R, Mohayai, T, Tosatti, L, Monzani, G, Moretti, C, Morrison, B, Mountaniol, M, Muraro, A, Napoli, P, Nati, F, Natzke, C, Noble, A, Norrick, A, Olchanski, K, Ortiz De Solorzano, A, Padula, F, Pallavicini, M, Palumbo, I, Panontin, E, Papini, N, Parmeggiano, L, Parmeggiano, S, Patel, K, Patel, A, Paterno, M, Pellegrino, C, Pelliccione, P, Pesudo, V, Pocar, A, Pope, A, Pordes, S, Prelz, F, Putignano, O, Raaf, J, Ratti, C, Razeti, M, Razeto, A, Reed, D, Refsgaard, J, Reilly, T, Renshaw, A, Retriere, F, Riccobene, E, Rigamonti, D, Rizzi, A, Rode, J, Romualdez, J, Russel, L, Sablone, D, Sala, S, Salomoni, D, Salvo, P, Sandoval, A, Sansoucy, E, Santorelli, R, Savarese, C, Scapparone, E, Schaubel, T, Scorza, S, Settimo, M, Shaw, B, Shawyer, S, Sher, A, Shi, A, Skensved, P, Slutsky, A, Smith, B, Smith, N, Stenzler, A, Straubel, C, Stringari, P, Suchenek, M, Sur, B, Tacchino, S, Takeuchi, L, Tardocchi, M, Tartaglia, R, Thomas, E, Trask, D, Tseng, J, Tseng, L, Vanpagee, L, Vedia, V, Velghe, B, Viel, S, Visioli, A, Viviani, L, Vonica, D, Wada, M, Walter, D, Wang, H, Wang, M, Westerdale, S, Wood, D, Yates, D, Yue, S, Zambrano, V, Abba A., Accorsi C., Agnes P., Alessi E., Amaudruz P., Annovi A., Desages F. A., Back S., Badia C., Bagger J., Basile V., Batignani G., Bayo A., Bell B., Beschi M., Biagini D., Bianchi G., Bicelli S., Bishop D., Boccali T., Bombarda A., Bonfanti S., Bonivento W. M., Bouchard M., Breviario M., Brice S., Brown R., Calvo-Mozota J. M., Camozzi L., Camozzi M., Capra A., Caravati M., Carlini M., Ceccanti A., Celano B., Cela Ruiz J. M., Charette C., Cogliati G., Constable M., Crippa C., Croci G., Cudmore S., Dahl C. E., Dal Molin A., Daley M., Di Guardo C., D'Avenio G., Davignon O., Del Tutto M., De Ruiter J., Devoto A., Diaz Gomez Maqueo P., Di Francesco F., Dossi M., Druszkiewicz E., Duma C., Elliott E., Farina D., Fernandes C., Ferroni F., Finocchiaro G., Fiorillo G., Ford R., Foti G., Fournier R. D., Franco D., Fricbergs C., Gabriele F., Galbiati C., Garcia Abia P., Gargantini A., Giacomelli L., Giacomini F., Giarratana L. S., Gillespie S., Giorgi D., Girma T., Gobui R., Goeldi D., Golf F., Gorel P., Gorini G., Gramellini E., Grosso G., Guescini F., Guetre E., Hackman G., Hadden T., Hawkins W., Hayashi K., Heavey A., Hersak G., Hessey N., Hockin G., Hudson K., Ianni A., Ienzi C., Ippolito V., James C. C., Jillings C., Kendziora C., Khan S., Kim E., King M., King S., Kittmer A., Kochanek I., Kowalkowski J., Krucken R., Kushoro M., Kuula S., Laclaustra M., Leblond G., Lee L., Lennarz A., Leyton M., Li X., Liimatainen P., Lim C., Lindner T., Lomonaco T., Lu P., Lubna R., Lukhanin G. A., Luzon G., Macdonald M., Magni G., Maharaj R., Manni S., Mapelli C., Margetak P., Martin L., Martin S., Martinez M., Massacret N., McClurg P., McDonald A. B., Meazzi E., Migalla R., Mohayai T., Tosatti L. M., Monzani G., Moretti C., Morrison B., Mountaniol M., Muraro A., Napoli P., Nati F., Natzke C. R., Noble A. J., Norrick A., Olchanski K., Ortiz De Solorzano A., Padula F., Pallavicini M., Palumbo I., Panontin E., Papini N., Parmeggiano L., Parmeggiano S., Patel K., Patel A., Paterno M., Pellegrino C., Pelliccione P., Pesudo V., Pocar A., Pope A., Pordes S., Prelz F., Putignano O., Raaf J. L., Ratti C., Razeti M., Razeto A., Reed D., Refsgaard J., Reilly T., Renshaw A., Retriere F., Riccobene E., Rigamonti D., Rizzi A., Rode J., Romualdez J., Russel L., Sablone D., Sala S., Salomoni D., Salvo P., Sandoval A., Sansoucy E., Santorelli R., Savarese C., Scapparone E., Schaubel T., Scorza S., Settimo M., Shaw B., Shawyer S., Sher A., Shi A., Skensved P., Slutsky A., Smith B., Smith N. J. T., Stenzler A., Straubel C., Stringari P., Suchenek M., Sur B., Tacchino S., Takeuchi L., Tardocchi M., Tartaglia R., Thomas E., Trask D., Tseng J., Tseng L., Vanpagee L., Vedia V., Velghe B., Viel S., Visioli A., Viviani L., Vonica D., Wada M., Walter D., Wang H., Wang M. H. L. S., Westerdale S., Wood D., Yates D., Yue S., and Zambrano V.

Abstract

This paper presents the Mechanical Ventilator Milano (MVM), a novel intensive therapy mechanical ventilator designed for rapid, large-scale, low-cost production for the COVID-19 pandemic. Free of moving mechanical parts and requiring only a source of compressed oxygen and medical air to operate, the MVM is designed to support the long-term invasive ventilation often required for COVID-19 patients and operates in pressure-regulated ventilation modes, which minimize the risk of furthering lung trauma. The MVM was extensively tested against ISO standards in the laboratory using a breathing simulator, with good agreement between input and measured breathing parameters and performing correctly in response to fault conditions and stability tests. The MVM has obtained Emergency Use Authorization by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and Health Canada Medical Device Authorization for Importation or Sale, under Interim Order for Use in Relation to COVID-19. Following these certifications, mass production is ongoing and distribution is under way in several countries. The MVM was designed, tested, prepared for certification, and mass produced in the space of a few months by a unique collaboration of respiratory healthcare professionals and experimental physicists, working with industrial partners, and is an excellent ventilator candidate for this pandemic anywhere in the world.

Published
2021

15. The peppermint breath test : A benchmarking protocol for breath sampling and analysis using GC-MS

Author

Wilkinson, M., White, I., Hamshere, K., Holz, O., Schuchardt, S., Bellagambi, F.G., Lomonaco, T., Biagini, D., Di, Francesco F., Fowler, S.J., Beauchamp, J.D., Cristescu, S.M., Focant, J.F., Franchina, F.A., Grassin-Delyle, S., Hadjithekli, A., Henderson, B., Koppen, G.F., Langejürgen, J., Malásková, M., Mayhew, C., Moreno, S., Pedrotti, M., Pugliese, G., Ruszkiewicz, D.M., Salman, D., Sinues, P., Slingers, G.F., Stefanuto, P.H., Thomas, C.L.P., Wilde, M., Zanella, D., and Zenobi, R.

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Benchmarking, Breathomics, Peppermint, Standardisation, Breath Tests, Exhalation, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Mentha piperita, Volatile Organic Compounds, standardisation, breathomics, peppermint, benchmarking, NO, chemistry.chemical_compound, standardisation, breathomics, peppermint, benchmarking, medicine, VLAG, Protocol (science), Baseline values, Breath test, Chromatography, medicine.diagnostic_test, Breath sampling, Menthone, Eucalyptol, Food Quality and Design, chemistry, Environmental science, Post Harvest Technology, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Menthol
Abstract

Exhaled breath contains hundreds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which offer the potential for diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of diseases. As the breath research field has grown, sampling and analytical practices have become highly varied between groups. Standardisation would allow meta-analyses of data from multiple studies and greater confidence in published results. Washout of VOCs from ingestion into the blood and subsequently breath could provide data for an initial assessment of inter-group performance. The Peppermint Initiative has been formed to address this task of standardisation. In the current study we aimed to generate initial benchmark values for thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TD–GC–MS) analysis of breath samples containing peppermint-derived VOCs using data from three independent European research groups. Initially, headspace analysis of peppermint oil capsules was performed to determine compounds of interest. Ten healthy participants were recruited by each three groups across Europe. The standard Peppermint protocol was followed. In brief, each participant provided a baseline breath sample prior to taking a peppermint capsule, with further samples collected at 60, 90, 165, 285 and 360 min following ingestion. Sampling and analytical protocols were different for each group, in line with their usual practice. Samples were analysed by TD–GC–MS and benchmarking values determined for the time taken for detected peppermint VOCs to return to baseline values. Sixteen compounds were identified in the capsule headspace, and all were confirmed in breath following ingestion of the peppermint capsules. Additionally, 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole was uniquely found in the breath samples, with a washout profile that suggested it was a product of metabolism of peppermint compounds. Five compounds (α-pinene, β-pinene, eucalyptol, menthol and menthone) were quantified by all three groups. Differences were observed between the groups, particularly for the recovery of menthone and menthol. The average time taken for VOCs to return to baseline was selected as the benchmark and were 377, 423, 533, 418 and 336 min for α-pinene, β-pinene, eucalyptol, menthone and menthol respectively. We have presented an initial set of easy-to-measure benchmarking values for assessing the performance of TD–GC–MS systems for the analysis of VOCs in breath. These values will be updated when more groups provide additional data., Journal of Breath Research, 15 (2), ISSN:1752-7155, ISSN:1752-7163

Published
2021
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16. Monitoring of warfarin therapy: Preliminary results from a longitudinal pilot study

Author

Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Biagini, D, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Ruocco, L, Pellegrini, G, Trivella, M, Di Francesco, F, Lomonaco, T., Ghimenti, S., Piga, I., Biagini, D., Onor, M., Fuoco, R., Paolicchi, A., Ruocco, L., Pellegrini, G., Trivella, M. G., Di Francesco, F., Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Biagini, D, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Ruocco, L, Pellegrini, G, Trivella, M, Di Francesco, F, Lomonaco, T., Ghimenti, S., Piga, I., Biagini, D., Onor, M., Fuoco, R., Paolicchi, A., Ruocco, L., Pellegrini, G., Trivella, M. G., and Di Francesco, F.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between warfarin dosage, international normalized ratio, plasma and oral fluid concentrations of warfarin, and its metabolites, namely RR/SS- and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols. Nine patients on long-term warfarin therapy (4 with stable and 5 with unstable international normalized ratio values) were longitudinally monitored for over two months by recording warfarin dosage and measuring international normalized ratio, warfarin and warfarin alcohols concentrations in oral fluid and in plasma. At equivalent dose (20–30 mg week− 1), the international normalized ratio was in the range 2.0–2.5 and 1.5–3.1 for stable and unstable patients, respectively. Moreover, stable patients showed nearly double total and unbound plasma warfarin concentration, and nearly triple oral fluid warfarin concentrations compared to unstable patients. Correlations between warfarin dosage and total plasma concentration of warfarin (r = 0.65, p < 0.01) or RS/SR-warfarin alcohols (r = 0.66, p < 0.01), as well as between stimulated oral fluid and total plasma concentrations of warfarin (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols (r = 0.95, p < 0.01) suggest that the relative changes of the oral fluid concentrations of these species may provide clinically useful information for monitoring individual patients. Follow-up data revealed that even in the absence of changes of warfarin dose, the oscillations of plasma and oral fluid of WAR and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols parallel oscillations of international normalized ratio. Due to the long delay of its biological action, monitoring the plasma concentration of warfarin might help to predict variations of international normalized ratio and prevent the risk of thrombotic or haemorrhagic events. The information collected suggests that non-invasive monitoring of warfarin in oral fluid might represent a suitable tool for this purpose

Published
2018

17. The novel Mechanical Ventilator Milano for the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Abba, A., primary, Accorsi, C., additional, Agnes, P., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Amaudruz, P., additional, Annovi, A., additional, Desages, F. Ardellier, additional, Back, S., additional, Badia, C., additional, Bagger, J., additional, Basile, V., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Bayo, A., additional, Bell, B., additional, Beschi, M., additional, Biagini, D., additional, Bianchi, G., additional, Bicelli, S., additional, Bishop, D., additional, Boccali, T., additional, Bombarda, A., additional, Bonfanti, S., additional, Bonivento, W. M., additional, Bouchard, M., additional, Breviario, M., additional, Brice, S., additional, Brown, R., additional, Calvo-Mozota, J. M., additional, Camozzi, L., additional, Camozzi, M., additional, Capra, A., additional, Caravati, M., additional, Carlini, M., additional, Ceccanti, A., additional, Celano, B., additional, Cela Ruiz, J. M., additional, Charette, C., additional, Cogliati, G., additional, Constable, M., additional, Crippa, C., additional, Croci, G., additional, Cudmore, S., additional, Dahl, C. E., additional, Dal Molin, A., additional, Daley, M., additional, Di Guardo, C., additional, D'Avenio, G., additional, Davignon, O., additional, Del Tutto, M., additional, De Ruiter, J., additional, Devoto, A., additional, Diaz Gomez Maqueo, P., additional, Di Francesco, F., additional, Dossi, M., additional, Druszkiewicz, E., additional, Duma, C., additional, Elliott, E., additional, Farina, D., additional, Fernandes, C., additional, Ferroni, F., additional, Finocchiaro, G., additional, Fiorillo, G., additional, Ford, R., additional, Foti, G., additional, Fournier, R. D., additional, Franco, D., additional, Fricbergs, C., additional, Gabriele, F., additional, Galbiati, C., additional, Garcia Abia, P., additional, Gargantini, A., additional, Giacomelli, L., additional, Giacomini, F., additional, Giarratana, L. S., additional, Gillespie, S., additional, Giorgi, D., additional, Girma, T., additional, Gobui, R., additional, Goeldi, D., additional, Golf, F., additional, Gorel, P., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Gramellini, E., additional, Grosso, G., additional, Guescini, F., additional, Guetre, E., additional, Hackman, G., additional, Hadden, T., additional, Hawkins, W., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Heavey, A., additional, Hersak, G., additional, Hessey, N., additional, Hockin, G., additional, Hudson, K., additional, Ianni, A., additional, Ienzi, C., additional, Ippolito, V., additional, James, C. C., additional, Jillings, C., additional, Kendziora, C., additional, Khan, S., additional, Kim, E., additional, King, M., additional, King, S., additional, Kittmer, A., additional, Kochanek, I., additional, Kowalkowski, J., additional, Krücken, R., additional, Kushoro, M., additional, Kuula, S., additional, Laclaustra, M., additional, Leblond, G., additional, Lee, L., additional, Lennarz, A., additional, Leyton, M., additional, Li, X., additional, Liimatainen, P., additional, Lim, C., additional, Lindner, T., additional, Lomonaco, T., additional, Lu, P., additional, Lubna, R., additional, Lukhanin, G. A., additional, Luzón, G., additional, MacDonald, M., additional, Magni, G., additional, Maharaj, R., additional, Manni, S., additional, Mapelli, C., additional, Margetak, P., additional, Martin, L., additional, Martin, S., additional, Martínez, M., additional, Massacret, N., additional, McClurg, P., additional, McDonald, A. B., additional, Meazzi, E., additional, Migalla, R., additional, Mohayai, T., additional, Tosatti, L. M., additional, Monzani, G., additional, Moretti, C., additional, Morrison, B., additional, Mountaniol, M., additional, Muraro, A., additional, Napoli, P., additional, Nati, F., additional, Natzke, C. R., additional, Noble, A. J., additional, Norrick, A., additional, Olchanski, K., additional, Ortiz de Solorzano, A., additional, Padula, F., additional, Pallavicini, M., additional, Palumbo, I., additional, Panontin, E., additional, Papini, N., additional, Parmeggiano, L., additional, Parmeggiano, S., additional, Patel, K., additional, Patel, A., additional, Paterno, M., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Pelliccione, P., additional, Pesudo, V., additional, Pocar, A., additional, Pope, A., additional, Pordes, S., additional, Prelz, F., additional, Putignano, O., additional, Raaf, J. L., additional, Ratti, C., additional, Razeti, M., additional, Razeto, A., additional, Reed, D., additional, Refsgaard, J., additional, Reilly, T., additional, Renshaw, A., additional, Retriere, F., additional, Riccobene, E., additional, Rigamonti, D., additional, Rizzi, A., additional, Rode, J., additional, Romualdez, J., additional, Russel, L., additional, Sablone, D., additional, Sala, S., additional, Salomoni, D., additional, Salvo, P., additional, Sandoval, A., additional, Sansoucy, E., additional, Santorelli, R., additional, Savarese, C., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schaubel, T., additional, Scorza, S., additional, Settimo, M., additional, Shaw, B., additional, Shawyer, S., additional, Sher, A., additional, Shi, A., additional, Skensved, P., additional, Slutsky, A., additional, Smith, B., additional, Smith, N. J. T., additional, Stenzler, A., additional, Straubel, C., additional, Stringari, P., additional, Suchenek, M., additional, Sur, B., additional, Tacchino, S., additional, Takeuchi, L., additional, Tardocchi, M., additional, Tartaglia, R., additional, Thomas, E., additional, Trask, D., additional, Tseng, J., additional, Tseng, L., additional, VanPagee, L., additional, Vedia, V., additional, Velghe, B., additional, Viel, S., additional, Visioli, A., additional, Viviani, L., additional, Vonica, D., additional, Wada, M., additional, Walter, D., additional, Wang, H., additional, Wang, M. H. L. S., additional, Westerdale, S., additional, Wood, D., additional, Yates, D., additional, Yue, S., additional, and Zambrano, V., additional

Published
2021
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20. C0513: A Non-Invasive Approach for Monitoring Patients Undergoing Anticoagulant Therapy

Author

Ruocco, L, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Pellegrini, G, Giovanna Trivella, M, Di Francesco, F, Ruocco, L., Lomonaco, T., Ghimenti, S., Piga, I., Onor, M., Fuoco, R., Paolicchi, A., Pellegrini, G., Giovanna Trivella, M., Di Francesco, F., Ruocco, L, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Pellegrini, G, Giovanna Trivella, M, Di Francesco, F, Ruocco, L., Lomonaco, T., Ghimenti, S., Piga, I., Onor, M., Fuoco, R., Paolicchi, A., Pellegrini, G., Giovanna Trivella, M., and Di Francesco, F.

Published
2014

21. Sensors and biosensors for C-reactive protein, temperature and pH, and their applications for monitoring wound healing: A review

Author

Salvo, P., Dini, V., Kirchhain, A., Janowska, A., Oranges, T., Chiricozzi, Andrea, Lomonaco, T., Di Francesco, F., Romanelli, M., Chiricozzi A. (ORCID:0000-0002-6739-0387), Salvo, P., Dini, V., Kirchhain, A., Janowska, A., Oranges, T., Chiricozzi, Andrea, Lomonaco, T., Di Francesco, F., Romanelli, M., and Chiricozzi A. (ORCID:0000-0002-6739-0387)

Abstract

Wound assessment is usually performed in hospitals or specialized labs. However, since patients spend most of their time at home, a remote real time wound monitoring would help providing a better care and improving the healing rate. This review describes the advances in sensors and biosensors for monitoring the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), temperature and pH in wounds. These three parameters can be used as qualitative biomarkers to assess the wound status and the effectiveness of therapy. CRP biosensors can be classified in: (a) field effect transistors, (b) optical immunosensors based on surface plasmon resonance, total internal reflection, fluorescence and chemiluminescence, (c) electrochemical sensors based on potentiometry, amperometry, and electrochemical impedance, and (d) piezoresistive sensors, such as quartz crystal microbalances and microcantilevers. The last section reports the most recent developments for wearable non-invasive temperature and pH sensors suitable for wound monitoring.

Published
2017

22. Determination of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of heart failure patients by needle trap micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Author

Biagini, D, primary, Lomonaco, T, additional, Ghimenti, S, additional, Bellagambi, F G, additional, Onor, M, additional, Scali, M C, additional, Barletta, V, additional, Marzilli, M, additional, Salvo, P, additional, Trivella, M G, additional, Fuoco, R, additional, and Di Francesco, F, additional

Published
2017
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24. A graphene oxide pH sensor for wound monitoring

Author

Melai, B., primary, Salvo, P., additional, Calisi, N., additional, Moni, L., additional, Bonini, A., additional, Paoletti, C., additional, Lomonaco, T., additional, Mollica, V., additional, Fuoco, R., additional, and Di Francesco, F., additional

Published
2016
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32. Determination of total and unbound warfarin and warfarin alcohols in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Author

Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Onor, M, Melai, B, Fuoco, R, Di Francesco, F, Lomonaco, Tommaso, Ghimenti, Silvia, Piga, Isabella, Onor, Massimo, Melai, Bernardo, Fuoco, Roger, Di Francesco, Fabio, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Onor, M, Melai, B, Fuoco, R, Di Francesco, F, Lomonaco, Tommaso, Ghimenti, Silvia, Piga, Isabella, Onor, Massimo, Melai, Bernardo, Fuoco, Roger, and Di Francesco, Fabio

Abstract

Two analytical procedures are presented for the determination of the total content and unbound fraction of both warfarin and warfarin alcohols in human plasma. Chromatographic separation was carried out in isocratic conditions at 25. °C on a C-18 reversed-phase column with a mobile phase consisting of a 70% buffer phosphate 25. mM at pH. = 7, 25% methanol and 5% acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.2. mL/min. Fluorescence detection was performed at 390. nm (excitation wavelength 310. nm). Neither method showed any detectable interference or matrix effect. Inter-day recovery of the total warfarin and warfarin alcohols at a concentration level of 1000. ng/mL was 89. ±. 3% and 73. ±. 3%, respectively, whereas for their unbound fraction (at a concentration level of 10. ng/mL) was 66. ±. 8% and 90. ±. 7%, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision (assessed as relative standard deviation) was <10% for both methods. The limits of detection were 0.4 and 0.2. ng/mL for warfarin and warfarin alcohols, respectively. The methods were successfully applied to a pooled plasma sample obtained from 69 patients undergoing warfarin therapy. © 2013 Elsevier B.V

Published
2013

36. The novel Mechanical Ventilator Milano for the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

M. Tardocchi, P. Lu, Silvia Bonfanti, C. Fricbergs, J. M. Cela Ruiz, M. Del Tutto, R. Brown, D. Salomoni, C. Jillings, A. Visioli, A. Abba, B. Smith, P. Stringari, Valerio Ippolito, K. Olchanski, S. Yue, A. Razeto, L. Parmeggiano, M. Beschi, I. Palumbo, C. C. James, M. Daley, Andrea Bombarda, Eugenio Scapparone, T. Boccali, D. Vonica, G. Luzón, E. Panontin, Nigel Hessey, E. Elliott, O. Putignano, R. Maharaj, M. H. L. S. Wang, M. Laclaustra, A. Sher, E. Gramellini, P. Napoli, S. Parmeggiano, E. Meazzi, S. Sala, A. Muraro, T. Girma, D. Trask, A. Lennarz, F. Golf, G. Magni, C. Di Guardo, A. S. Slutsky, C. Lim, B. Shaw, C. Duma, V. Pesudo, S. Gillespie, A. Devoto, E. Guetre, L. Camozzi, B. Bell, C. E. Dahl, M. Dossi, E. Alessi, M. MacDonald, A. J. Noble, F. Ardellier Desages, O. Davignon, B. Morrison, R. D. Fournier, Alberto Annovi, S. Kuula, Elvinia Riccobene, A. Rizzi, G. Hersak, J. Bagger, S. Brice, S. Khan, L. VanPagee, P. Salvo, R. Lubna, A. Bayo, M. Bouchard, J. Romualdez, G. Bianchi, H. Wang, S. Bicelli, T. A. Mohayai, A. Dal Molin, M. Breviario, C. Ienzi, M. Carlini, K. Hayashi, G. Monzani, G. A. Lukhanin, R. J. Ford, D. Yates, B. Velghe, G. Finocchiaro, C. Charette, M.H. Kushoro, E. Sansoucy, D. Reed, Pierre-Andre Amaudruz, A. Pocar, S. Scorza, M. Camozzi, T. Reilly, C. Crippa, S. Pordes, F. Padula, S. Westerdale, C. Straubel, P. Garcia Abia, A. Shi, D. Giorgi, A. Capra, S. Shawyer, S. Martin, F. Prelz, S. Back, D. Sablone, L. Takeuchi, D. Franco, L. Martin, An. Ianni, L. Tseng, P. McClurg, M. I. Martínez, D. Wood, A. Norrick, C. Pellegrino, J. Tseng, C. Ratti, M. Constable, V. Vedia, L. M. Tosatti, L. S. Giarratana, G. Fiorillo, M. Razeti, A. Patel, C. R. Natzke, S. Manni, M. Wada, S. Tacchino, M. Paterno, P. Gorel, P. Diaz Gomez Maqueo, N. Massacret, S. Cudmore, Marco Pallavicini, A. Heavey, Gabriele Croci, E. Kim, B. Celano, G. Batignani, E. Druszkiewicz, A. L. Renshaw, L. Giacomelli, D. Walter, S. Viel, Angelo Gargantini, D. Goeldi, P. Liimatainen, N. J. T. Smith, T. Schaubel, G. Cogliati, G. Foti, C. Mapelli, F. Retriere, Giuseppe Gorini, K. Patel, R. Tartaglia, N. Papini, M. Settimo, P. Pelliccione, P. Skensved, M. Leyton, V. Basile, A. Kittmer, G. D'Avenio, D. Rigamonti, R. Krücken, F. Guescini, F. Giacomini, E. Thomas, K. Hudson, Claudio Moretti, R. Santorelli, G. Hackman, R. Gobui, L. Viviani, C. Savarese, I. Kochanek, R. Migalla, J. Rode, F. Gabriele, D. Farina, F. Ferroni, F. Di Francesco, J. M. Calvo-Mozota, M. Suchenek, G. Hockin, J. Refsgaard, J. Kowalkowski, A. Pope, T. Lomonaco, S. King, Bhaskar Sur, C. L. Kendziora, M. Caravati, A. Ceccanti, W. Hawkins, W. Bonivento, C. Fernandes, G. Leblond, M. Mountaniol, A. B. McDonald, C. Accorsi, A. Stenzler, Federico Nati, V. Zambrano, D. Bishop, M. King, A. Sandoval, X. Li, P. Margetak, P. Agnes, J. L. Raaf, J. De Ruiter, Cristiano Galbiati, Giovanni Grosso, L. Lee, A. Ortiz de Solórzano, T. Hadden, T. Lindner, D. Biagini, L. Russel, C. Badia, Abba, A., Accorsi, C., Agnes, P., Alessi, E., Amaudruz, P., Annovi, A., Desages, F. A., Back, S., Badia, C., Bagger, J., Basile, V., Batignani, G., Bayo, A., Bell, B., Beschi, M., Biagini, D., Bianchi, G., Bicelli, S., Bishop, D., Boccali, T., Bombarda, A., Bonfanti, S., Bonivento, W. M., Bouchard, M., Breviario, M., Brice, S., Brown, R., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Camozzi, L., Camozzi, M., Capra, A., Caravati, M., Carlini, M., Ceccanti, A., Celano, B., Cela Ruiz, J. M., Charette, C., Cogliati, G., Constable, M., Crippa, C., Croci, G., Cudmore, S., Dahl, C. E., Dal Molin, A., Daley, M., Di Guardo, C., D'Avenio, G., Davignon, O., Del Tutto, M., De Ruiter, J., Devoto, A., Diaz Gomez Maqueo, P., Di Francesco, F., Dossi, M., Druszkiewicz, E., Duma, C., Elliott, E., Farina, D., Fernandes, C., Ferroni, F., Finocchiaro, G., Fiorillo, G., Ford, R., Foti, G., Fournier, R. D., Franco, D., Fricbergs, C., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Garcia Abia, P., Gargantini, A., Giacomelli, L., Giacomini, F., Giarratana, L. S., Gillespie, S., Giorgi, D., Girma, T., Gobui, R., Goeldi, D., Golf, F., Gorel, P., Gorini, G., Gramellini, E., Grosso, G., Guescini, F., Guetre, E., Hackman, G., Hadden, T., Hawkins, W., Hayashi, K., Heavey, A., Hersak, G., Hessey, N., Hockin, G., Hudson, K., Ianni, A., Ienzi, C., Ippolito, V., James, C. C., Jillings, C., Kendziora, C., Khan, S., Kim, E., King, M., King, S., Kittmer, A., Kochanek, I., Kowalkowski, J., Krucken, R., Kushoro, M., Kuula, S., Laclaustra, M., Leblond, G., Lee, L., Lennarz, A., Leyton, M., Li, X., Liimatainen, P., Lim, C., Lindner, T., Lomonaco, T., Lu, P., Lubna, R., Lukhanin, G. A., Luzon, G., Macdonald, M., Magni, G., Maharaj, R., Manni, S., Mapelli, C., Margetak, P., Martin, L., Martin, S., Martinez, M., Massacret, N., Mcclurg, P., Mcdonald, A. B., Meazzi, E., Migalla, R., Mohayai, T., Tosatti, L. M., Monzani, G., Moretti, C., Morrison, B., Mountaniol, M., Muraro, A., Napoli, P., Nati, F., Natzke, C. R., Noble, A. J., Norrick, A., Olchanski, K., Ortiz De Solorzano, A., Padula, F., Pallavicini, M., Palumbo, I., Panontin, E., Papini, N., Parmeggiano, L., Parmeggiano, S., Patel, K., Patel, A., Paterno, M., Pellegrino, C., Pelliccione, P., Pesudo, V., Pocar, A., Pope, A., Pordes, S., Prelz, F., Putignano, O., Raaf, J. L., Ratti, C., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reed, D., Refsgaard, J., Reilly, T., Renshaw, A., Retriere, F., Riccobene, E., Rigamonti, D., Rizzi, A., Rode, J., Romualdez, J., Russel, L., Sablone, D., Sala, S., Salomoni, D., Salvo, P., Sandoval, A., Sansoucy, E., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schaubel, T., Scorza, S., Settimo, M., Shaw, B., Shawyer, S., Sher, A., Shi, A., Skensved, P., Slutsky, A., Smith, B., Smith, N. J. T., Stenzler, A., Straubel, C., Stringari, P., Suchenek, M., Sur, B., Tacchino, S., Takeuchi, L., Tardocchi, M., Tartaglia, R., Thomas, E., Trask, D., Tseng, J., Tseng, L., Vanpagee, L., Vedia, V., Velghe, B., Viel, S., Visioli, A., Viviani, L., Vonica, D., Wada, M., Walter, D., Wang, H., Wang, M. H. L. S., Westerdale, S., Wood, D., Yates, D., Yue, S., Zambrano, V., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École des Mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Abba, A, Accorsi, C, Agnes, P, Alessi, E, Amaudruz, P, Annovi, A, Desages, F, Back, S, Badia, C, Bagger, J, Basile, V, Batignani, G, Bayo, A, Bell, B, Beschi, M, Biagini, D, Bianchi, G, Bicelli, S, Bishop, D, Boccali, T, Bombarda, A, Bonfanti, S, Bonivento, W, Bouchard, M, Breviario, M, Brice, S, Brown, R, Calvo-Mozota, J, Camozzi, L, Camozzi, M, Capra, A, Caravati, M, Carlini, M, Ceccanti, A, Celano, B, Cela Ruiz, J, Charette, C, Cogliati, G, Constable, M, Crippa, C, Croci, G, Cudmore, S, Dahl, C, Dal Molin, A, Daley, M, Di Guardo, C, D'Avenio, G, Davignon, O, Del Tutto, M, De Ruiter, J, Devoto, A, Diaz Gomez Maqueo, P, Di Francesco, F, Dossi, M, Druszkiewicz, E, Duma, C, Elliott, E, Farina, D, Fernandes, C, Ferroni, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fiorillo, G, Ford, R, Foti, G, Fournier, R, Franco, D, Fricbergs, C, Gabriele, F, Galbiati, C, Garcia Abia, P, Gargantini, A, Giacomelli, L, Giacomini, F, Giarratana, L, Gillespie, S, Giorgi, D, Girma, T, Gobui, R, Goeldi, D, Golf, F, Gorel, P, Gorini, G, Gramellini, E, Grosso, G, Guescini, F, Guetre, E, Hackman, G, Hadden, T, Hawkins, W, Hayashi, K, Heavey, A, Hersak, G, Hessey, N, Hockin, G, Hudson, K, Ianni, A, Ienzi, C, Ippolito, V, James, C, Jillings, C, Kendziora, C, Khan, S, Kim, E, King, M, King, S, Kittmer, A, Kochanek, I, Kowalkowski, J, Krucken, R, Kushoro, M, Kuula, S, Laclaustra, M, Leblond, G, Lee, L, Lennarz, A, Leyton, M, Li, X, Liimatainen, P, Lim, C, Lindner, T, Lomonaco, T, Lu, P, Lubna, R, Lukhanin, G, Luzon, G, Macdonald, M, Magni, G, Maharaj, R, Manni, S, Mapelli, C, Margetak, P, Martin, L, Martin, S, Martinez, M, Massacret, N, Mcclurg, P, Mcdonald, A, Meazzi, E, Migalla, R, Mohayai, T, Tosatti, L, Monzani, G, Moretti, C, Morrison, B, Mountaniol, M, Muraro, A, Napoli, P, Nati, F, Natzke, C, Noble, A, Norrick, A, Olchanski, K, Ortiz De Solorzano, A, Padula, F, Pallavicini, M, Palumbo, I, Panontin, E, Papini, N, Parmeggiano, L, Parmeggiano, S, Patel, K, Patel, A, Paterno, M, Pellegrino, C, Pelliccione, P, Pesudo, V, Pocar, A, Pope, A, Pordes, S, Prelz, F, Putignano, O, Raaf, J, Ratti, C, Razeti, M, Razeto, A, Reed, D, Refsgaard, J, Reilly, T, Renshaw, A, Retriere, F, Riccobene, E, Rigamonti, D, Rizzi, A, Rode, J, Romualdez, J, Russel, L, Sablone, D, Sala, S, Salomoni, D, Salvo, P, Sandoval, A, Sansoucy, E, Santorelli, R, Savarese, C, Scapparone, E, Schaubel, T, Scorza, S, Settimo, M, Shaw, B, Shawyer, S, Sher, A, Shi, A, Skensved, P, Slutsky, A, Smith, B, Smith, N, Stenzler, A, Straubel, C, Stringari, P, Suchenek, M, Sur, B, Tacchino, S, Takeuchi, L, Tardocchi, M, Tartaglia, R, Thomas, E, Trask, D, Tseng, J, Tseng, L, Vanpagee, L, Vedia, V, Velghe, B, Viel, S, Visioli, A, Viviani, L, Vonica, D, Wada, M, Walter, D, Wang, H, Wang, M, Westerdale, S, Wood, D, Yates, D, Yue, S, and Zambrano, V

Subjects
ventilator, Emergency Use Authorization, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Fault conditions, Computational Mechanics, Certification, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Mechanical parts, Food and drug administration, Compressed oxygen, Food and Drug Administration, Health care professionals, Industrial partners, Intensive therapy, Ventilation mode, Mechanical ventilator, law, 0103 physical sciences, Pandemic, medicine, 010306 general physics, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Mechanical Engineering, healthcare, Articles, Condensed Matter Physics, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Medical gas supply, Mechanical Ventilation, COVID-19 Pandemic, covid-19, Mechanics of Materials, Others, Ventilation (architecture), Medical emergency, Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi di Elaborazione delle Informazioni, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents the Mechanical Ventilator Milano (MVM), a novel intensive therapy mechanical ventilator designed for rapid, large-scale, low-cost production for the COVID-19 pandemic. Free of moving mechanical parts and requiring only a source of compressed oxygen and medical air to operate, the MVM is designed to support the long-term invasive ventilation often required for COVID-19 patients and operates in pressure-regulated ventilation modes, which minimize the risk of furthering lung trauma. The MVM was extensively tested against ISO standards in the laboratory using a breathing simulator, with good agreement between input and measured breathing parameters and performing correctly in response to fault conditions and stability tests. The MVM has obtained Emergency Use Authorization by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and Health Canada Medical Device Authorization for Importation or Sale, under Interim Order for Use in Relation to COVID-19. Following these certifications, mass production is ongoing and distribution is under way in several countries. The MVM was designed, tested, prepared for certification, and mass produced in the space of a few months by a unique collaboration of respiratory healthcare professionals and experimental physicists, working with industrial partners, and is an excellent ventilator candidate for this pandemic anywhere in the world

Published
2021
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37. Monitoring of warfarin therapy: Preliminary results from a longitudinal pilot study

Author

Isabella Piga, Silvia Ghimenti, Tommaso Lomonaco, Denise Biagini, G. Pellegrini, Roger Fuoco, Maria Giovanna Trivella, L.A. Ruocco, Aldo Paolicchi, Massimo Onor, F. Di Francesco, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Biagini, D, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Ruocco, L, Pellegrini, G, Trivella, M, and Di Francesco, F

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Warfarin therapy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, 01 natural sciences, Gastroenterology, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, warfarin alcohols, Plasma, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, heterocyclic compounds, cardiovascular diseases, International normalized ratio, Oral fluid, Spectroscopy, Total plasma, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Warfarin, Warfarin, warfarin alcohols, international normalized ratio, oral fluid, plasma, Warfarin alcohol, 0104 chemical sciences, medicine.drug
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between warfarin dosage, international normalized ratio, plasma and oral fluid concentrations of warfarin, and its metabolites, namely RR/SS- and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols. Nine patients on long-term warfarin therapy (4 with stable and 5 with unstable international normalized ratio values) were longitudinally monitored for over two months by recording warfarin dosage and measuring international normalized ratio, warfarin and warfarin alcohols concentrations in oral fluid and in plasma. At equivalent dose (20–30 mg week− 1), the international normalized ratio was in the range 2.0–2.5 and 1.5–3.1 for stable and unstable patients, respectively. Moreover, stable patients showed nearly double total and unbound plasma warfarin concentration, and nearly triple oral fluid warfarin concentrations compared to unstable patients. Correlations between warfarin dosage and total plasma concentration of warfarin (r = 0.65, p < 0.01) or RS/SR-warfarin alcohols (r = 0.66, p < 0.01), as well as between stimulated oral fluid and total plasma concentrations of warfarin (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols (r = 0.95, p < 0.01) suggest that the relative changes of the oral fluid concentrations of these species may provide clinically useful information for monitoring individual patients. Follow-up data revealed that even in the absence of changes of warfarin dose, the oscillations of plasma and oral fluid of WAR and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols parallel oscillations of international normalized ratio. Due to the long delay of its biological action, monitoring the plasma concentration of warfarin might help to predict variations of international normalized ratio and prevent the risk of thrombotic or haemorrhagic events. The information collected suggests that non-invasive monitoring of warfarin in oral fluid might represent a suitable tool for this purpose

Published
2018

38. Determination of Warfarin and Warfarin alcohols in oral fluid and plasma samples for monitoring patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy

Author

Tommaso Lomonaco, Ghimenti, Silvia, Piga, I., Biagini, D., Onor, Massimo, Roger Fuoco, ALDO PAOLICCHI, Ruocco, L., Pellegrini, G., Trivella, M. G., Fabio Di Francesco, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Biagini, D, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Ruocco, L, Pellegrini, G, Trivella, M, and Di Francesco, F

Subjects
HPLC, WARFARIN, Warfarin alcohols, oral fluid, plasma
Published
2013

39. Determination of total and unbound warfarin and warfarin alcohols in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Author

Tommaso Lomonaco, Massimo Onor, Silvia Ghimenti, Bernardo Melai, Isabella Piga, Fabio Di Francesco, Roger Fuoco, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Onor, M, Melai, B, Fuoco, R, and Di Francesco, F

Subjects
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Fraction (chemistry), Sample preparation techniques, High-performance liquid chromatography, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Humans, Acetonitrile, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Detection limit, Chromatography, Organic Chemistry, Warfarin, Anticoagulants, Reproducibility of Results, General Medicine, Warfarin alcohol, Fluorescence, Sample preparation technique, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, chemistry, Alcohols, Warfarin alcohols, Analytical procedures, Methanol, medicine.drug, High performance liquid chromatography
Abstract

Two analytical procedures are presented for the determination of the total content and unbound fraction of both warfarin and warfarin alcohols in human plasma. Chromatographic separation was carried out in isocratic conditions at 25. °C on a C-18 reversed-phase column with a mobile phase consisting of a 70% buffer phosphate 25. mM at pH. = 7, 25% methanol and 5% acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.2. mL/min. Fluorescence detection was performed at 390. nm (excitation wavelength 310. nm). Neither method showed any detectable interference or matrix effect. Inter-day recovery of the total warfarin and warfarin alcohols at a concentration level of 1000. ng/mL was 89. ±. 3% and 73. ±. 3%, respectively, whereas for their unbound fraction (at a concentration level of 10. ng/mL) was 66. ±. 8% and 90. ±. 7%, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision (assessed as relative standard deviation) was

Published
2013
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41. C0513: A Non-Invasive Approach for Monitoring Patients Undergoing Anticoagulant Therapy

Author

S. Ghimenti, Aldo Paolicchi, L.A. Ruocco, Tommaso Lomonaco, F. Di Francesco, M. Giovanna Trivella, Roger Fuoco, G. Pellegrini, Isabella Piga, Massimo Onor, Ruocco, L, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, Paolicchi, A, Pellegrini, G, Giovanna Trivella, M, and Di Francesco, F

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Anticoagulant therapy, business.industry, Non invasive, Warfarin, HPLC, Anticoagulant therapy, medicine, Warfarin, Hematology, business, Surgery, medicine.drug
Published
2014
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42. Influence of Sampling on the Determination of Warfarin and Warfarin Alcohols in Oral Fluid

Author

Denise Biagini, Isabella Piga, Fabio Di Francesco, Tommaso Lomonaco, Roger Fuoco, Massimo Onor, Silvia Ghimenti, Lomonaco, T, Ghimenti, S, Piga, I, Biagini, D, Onor, M, Fuoco, R, and Di Francesco, F

Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Male, Saliva, Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography, lcsh:Medicine, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, High-performance liquid chromatography, chemistry.chemical_compound, Blood plasma, 80 and over, Medicine and Health Sciences, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, International Normalized Ratio, Middle Aged, Warfarin, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Medicine (all), lcsh:Science, Liquid Chromatography, Extraction Techniques, Multidisciplinary, Pharmaceutics, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Chromatographic Techniques, Repeatability, Hexane, Research Article, medicine.drug, Analyte, Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Research and Analysis Methods, medicine, Dichloromethane, Chromatography, business.industry, lcsh:R, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, chemistry, Specimen Preparation and Treatment, lcsh:Q, business
Abstract

Background and Objective The determination of warfarin, RS/SR- and RR/SS-warfarin alcohols in oral fluid may offer additional information to the INR assay. This study aimed to establish an optimized sampling technique providing the best correlation between the oral fluid and the unbound plasma concentrations of these compounds. Materials and Methods Samples of non-stimulated and stimulated oral fluid, and blood were collected from 14 patients undergoing warfarin therapy. After acidification, analytes were extracted with a dichloromethane/hexane mixture and determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Plasma samples were also ultrafiltered for the determination of the unbound fraction. The chromatographic separation was carried out in isocratic conditions with a phosphate buffer/methanol mobile phase on a C-18 reversed-phase column. The absence of interfering compounds was verified by HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF. Results Stimulation generally increased the oral fluid pH to values close to blood pH in about 6 minutes. The concentration of warfarin and RS/SR-warfarin alcohols in oral fluid followed the same trend, whereas the concentration of RR/SS-warfarin alcohols was not affected. Six minute stimulation with chewing gum followed by collection with a polyester swab was the best sampling procedure, with a good repeatability (RSD

Published
2014
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45. Decoding the Challenges: navigating Intact Peptide Mass Spectrometry-Based Analysis for Biological Applications.

Author

De Cristofaro M, Lenzi A, Ghimenti S, Biagini D, Bertazzo G, Vivaldi FM, Armenia S, Pugliese NR, Masi S, Di Francesco F, and Lomonaco T

Abstract

Quantitative analysis of peptides in biological fluids offers a high diagnostic and prognostic tool to reflect the pathophysiological condition of the patient. Recently, methods based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for the quantitative determination of intact peptides have been replacing traditionally used ligand-binding assays, which suffer from cross-reactivity issues. The use of "top-down" analysis of peptides is rapidly increasing since it does not undergo incomplete or non-reproducible digestion like "bottom-up" approaches. However, the low abundance of peptides and their peculiar characteristics, as well as the complexity of biological fluids, make their quantification challenging. Herein, the analytical pitfalls that may be encountered during the development of an LC-MS method for the analysis of intact peptides in biological fluids are discussed. Challenges in the pre-analytical phase, stability after sampling and sample processing, significantly impact the accuracy of peptide quantification. Emerging techniques, such as microextractions, are becoming crucial for improved sample cleanup and enrichment of target analytes. A comparison between the roles of high-resolution and low-resolution mass spectrometry in the quantification of intact peptides, as well as the introduction of supercharging reagents to enhance ionization, will be discussed.

Published
2024
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46. A MEPS-UHPLC-MS/MS analytical platform to detect isoprostanoids and specialized pro-resolving mediators in the urinary extracellular vesicles of mountain ultramarathon runners.

Author

Biagini D, Mrakic-Sposta S, Bondi D, Ghimenti S, Lenzi A, Vivaldi F, Santangelo C, Verratti V, Pietrangelo T, Vezzoli A, Giardini G, Oger C, Galano JM, Balas L, Durand T, D'Angelo G, Lomonaco T, and Di Francesco F

Subjects
Humans, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Male, Adult, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated analysis, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated urine, Oxylipins analysis, Oxylipins urine, Solid Phase Microextraction, Middle Aged, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Extracellular Vesicles chemistry, Running, Isoprostanes urine, Isoprostanes analysis
Abstract

Oxylipins are powerful signalling compounds derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and involved in regulating the immune system response. A mass spectrometry-based method was developed and validated for the targeted profiling of 52 oxylipins (e.g., isoprostanoids, prostaglandins, epoxy- and hydroxy-fatty acids, specialized pro-resolving mediators) and 4 PUFAs in small urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs). Ultrasound-assisted extraction using a 50:50 v/v MeOH:H 2 O mixture ensured optimal analytical performances. Limits of detection ranged between 10 and 400 pg/mL for oxylipins and 0.10-3 ng/mL for PUFAs. Satisfactory recoveries (85-116 %) and good intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD ≤15 %) were obtained for all the analytes. The reliability of the procedure was tested in a real case scenario by monitoring ultramarathon runners during the world Tor des Géants® (TDG) race. Both F 2 - and E 2 -isoprostanes were detected in small uEVs of the ultramarathon runners, suggesting the onset of an oxidant insult. 5-F 2t -IsoP exhibited significant pre- to post-race variations, thus potentially representing a non-invasive marker of in-vivo lipid peroxidation. The presence of specialized pro-resolving mediators suggests the activation of pro-resolution signalling cascade resolving inflammation. These outcomes may help manage post-exercise recovery and improve training., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2024
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47. Integrated environmental and clinical surveillance for the prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in indoor environments and vulnerable communities (Stell-ARI): Protocol.

Author

Carducci A, Arzilli G, Atomsa NT, Lauretani G, Verani M, Pistelli F, Tavoschi L, Federigi I, Fornili M, Petri D, Lomonaco T, Meschi C, Pagani A, Agostini A, Carrozzi L, Baglietto L, Paolotti D, Cattuto C, Dall'Amico L, and Rizzo C

Subjects
Humans, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Environmental Monitoring methods, Vulnerable Populations, Acute Disease, Respiratory Tract Infections prevention & control, Respiratory Tract Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Infections virology, Respiratory Tract Infections diagnosis, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 epidemiology
Abstract

The epidemiological relevance of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs) has been dramatically highlighted by COVID-19. However, other viruses cannot be neglected, such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human adenovirus. These viruses thrive in closed spaces, influenced by human and environmental factors. High-risk closed communities are the most vulnerable settings, where the real extent of viral ARIs is often difficult to evaluate, due to the natural disease progression and case identification complexities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology has demonstrated its great potential for monitoring the circulation and evolution of the virus in the environment. The "Prevention of ARIs in indoor environments and vulnerable communities" study (Stell-ARI) addresses the urgent need for integrated surveillance and early detection of ARIs within enclosed and vulnerable communities such as long-term care facilities, prisons and primary schools. The rapid transmission of ARIs in such environments underscores the importance of comprehensive surveillance strategies to minimise the risk of outbreaks and safeguard community health, enabling proactive prevention and control strategies to protect the health of vulnerable populations. This study consists of designing and validating tools for integrated clinical and environmental-based surveillance for each setting, coupled with analytical methods for environmental matrices. The clinical surveillance involves specialized questionnaires and nasopharyngeal swabs for virus identification, while the environmental surveillance includes air and surface microbiological and chemical monitoring, and virological analysis of wastewater. Integrating this information and the collection of behavioural and environmental risk factors into predictive and risk assessment models will provide a useful tool for early warning, risk assessment and informed decision-making. The study aims to integrate clinical, behavioural, and environmental data to establish and validate a predictive model and risk assessment tool for the early warning and risk management of viral ARIs in closed and vulnerable communities prior to the onset of an outbreak., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Carducci et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2024
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48. Development of a high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry platform for the determination of intact natriuretic peptides in human plasma.

Author

Lenzi A, De Cristofaro M, Biagini D, Ghimenti S, Armenia S, Pugliese NR, Masi S, Di Francesco F, and Lomonaco T

Subjects
Humans, Natriuretic Peptides blood, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Limit of Detection, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods
Abstract

We present an innovative, reliable, and antibody-free analytical method to determine multiple intact natriuretic peptides in human plasma. These biomolecules are routinely used to confirm the diagnosis and monitor the evolution of heart failure, so that their determination is essential to improve diagnosis and monitor the efficacy of treatment. However, common immunoassay kits suffer from main limitations due to high cross-reactivity with structurally similar species. In our method, we pre-treated the sample by combining salting-out with ammonium sulfate with microextraction by packed sorbent technique. Analyses were then carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The use of 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol as a supercharger reagent enhanced the ESI ionization and improved the signal-to-noise ratio. The analytical protocol showed good linearity over one order of magnitude, recovery in the range of 94-105 %, and good intra- and inter-day reproducibility (RSD<20 %), and the presence of a matrix effect. Limits of detection were in the range of pg/mL for all peptides (0.2-20 pg/mL). Stability study in plasma samples demonstrated that proper protease inhibitors need to be included in blood collection tubes to avoid peptide degradation. Preliminary analyses on plasma samples from heart failure patients allow the quantification of ANP 1-28 as the most abundant species and the detection of ANP 5-28, BNP 1-32, and BNP 5-32. The method could be used to investigate how cross-reactivity issues among structurally similar species impact determinations by ELISA kits., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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49. Novel Techniques, Biomarkers and Molecular Targets to Address Cardiometabolic Diseases.

Author

Di Fiore V, Cappelli F, Del Punta L, De Biase N, Armenia S, Maremmani D, Lomonaco T, Biagini D, Lenzi A, Mazzola M, Tricò D, Masi S, Mengozzi A, and Pugliese NR

Abstract

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are interrelated and multifactorial conditions, including arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and stroke. Due to the burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with CMDs' increasing prevalence, there is a critical need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in their management. In clinical practice, innovative methods such as epicardial adipose tissue evaluation, ventricular-arterial coupling, and exercise tolerance studies could help to elucidate the multifaceted mechanisms associated with CMDs. Similarly, epigenetic changes involving noncoding RNAs, chromatin modulation, and cellular senescence could represent both novel biomarkers and targets for CMDs. Despite the promising data available, significant challenges remain in translating basic research findings into clinical practice, highlighting the need for further investigation into the complex pathophysiology underlying CMDs.

Published
2024
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50. Combining electrodermal activity analysis and dynamic causal modeling to investigate the visual-odor multimodal integration during face perception.

Author

Rho G, Callara AL, Bossi F, Ognibene D, Cecchetto C, Lomonaco T, Scilingo EP, and Greco A

Subjects
Galvanic Skin Response, Emotions physiology, Evoked Potentials physiology, Facial Expression, Electroencephalography, Odorants, Facial Recognition physiology
Abstract

Objective . This study presents a novel methodological approach for incorporating information related to the peripheral sympathetic response into the investigation of neural dynamics. Particularly, we explore how hedonic contextual olfactory stimuli influence the processing of neutral faces in terms of sympathetic response, event-related potentials and effective connectivity analysis. The objective is to investigate how the emotional valence of odors influences the cortical connectivity underlying face processing and the role of face-induced sympathetic arousal in this visual-olfactory multimodal integration. Approach . To this aim, we combine electrodermal activity (EDA) analysis and dynamic causal modeling to examine changes in cortico-cortical interactions. Results . The results reveal that stimuli arising sympathetic EDA responses are associated with a more negative N170 amplitude, which may be a marker of heightened arousal in response to faces. Hedonic odors, on the other hand, lead to a more negative N1 component and a reduced the vertex positive potential when they are unpleasant or pleasant. Concerning connectivity, unpleasant odors strengthen the forward connection from the inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) to the middle temporal gyrus, which is involved in processing changeable facial features. Conversely, the occurrence of sympathetic responses after a stimulus is correlated with an inhibition of this same connection and an enhancement of the backward connection from ITG to the fusiform face gyrus. Significance . These findings suggest that unpleasant odors may enhance the interpretation of emotional expressions and mental states, while faces capable of eliciting sympathetic arousal prioritize identity processing., (Creative Commons Attribution license.)

Published
2024
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