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354 results on '"Loch, S."'

1. SN 2023ixf in Messier 101: Photo-ionization of Dense, Close-in Circumstellar Material in a Nearby Type II Supernova

Author

Jacobson-Galan, W. V., Dessart, L., Margutti, R., Chornock, R., Foley, R. J., Kilpatrick, C. D., Jones, D. O., Taggart, K., Angus, C. R., Bhattacharjee, S., Braff, L. A., Brethauer, D., Burgasser, A. J., Cao, F., Carlile, C. M., Chambers, K. C., Coulter, D. A., Dominguez-Ruiz, E., Dickinson, C. B., de Boer, T., Gagliano, A., Gall, C., Gao, H., Gates, E. L., Gomez, S., Guolo, M., Halford, M. R. J., Hjorth, J., Huber, M. E., Johnson, M. N., Karpoor, P. R., Laskar, T., LeBaron, N, Li, Z., Lin, Y., Loch, S. D., Lynam, P. D., Magnier, E. A., Maloney, P., Matthews, D. J., McDonald, M., Miao, H. -Y., Milisavljevic, D., Pan, Y. -C., Pradyumna, S., Ransome, C. L., Rees, J. M., Rest, A., Rojas-Bravo, C., Sandford, N. R., Ascencio, L. Sandoval, Sanjaripour, S., Savino, A., Sears, H., Sharei, N., Smartt, S. J., Softich, E. R., Theissen, C. A., Tinyanont, S., Tohfa, H., Villar, V. A., Wang, Q., Wainscoat, R. J., Westerling, A. L., Wiston, E., Wozniak, M. A., Yadavalli, S. K., and Zenati, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present UV/optical observations and models of supernova (SN) 2023ixf, a type II SN located in Messier 101 at 6.9 Mpc. Early-time ("flash") spectroscopy of SN 2023ixf, obtained primarily at Lick Observatory, reveals emission lines of H I, He I/II, C IV, and N III/IV/V with a narrow core and broad, symmetric wings arising from the photo-ionization of dense, close-in circumstellar material (CSM) located around the progenitor star prior to shock breakout. These electron-scattering broadened line profiles persist for $\sim$8 days with respect to first light, at which time Doppler broadened features from the fastest SN ejecta form, suggesting a reduction in CSM density at $r \gtrsim 10^{15}$ cm. The early-time light curve of SN2023ixf shows peak absolute magnitudes (e.g., $M_{u} = -18.6$ mag, $M_{g} = -18.4$ mag) that are $\gtrsim 2$ mag brighter than typical type II supernovae, this photometric boost also being consistent with the shock power supplied from CSM interaction. Comparison of SN 2023ixf to a grid of light curve and multi-epoch spectral models from the non-LTE radiative transfer code CMFGEN and the radiation-hydrodynamics code HERACLES suggests dense, solar-metallicity, CSM confined to $r = (0.5-1) \times 10^{15}$ cm and a progenitor mass-loss rate of $\dot{M} = 10^{-2}$ M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$. For the assumed progenitor wind velocity of $v_w = 50$ km s$^{-1}$, this corresponds to enhanced mass-loss (i.e., ``super-wind'' phase) during the last $\sim$3-6 years before explosion., Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2023

2. Relativistic Atomic Structure of Au IV and the Os Isoelectronic Sequence: opacity data for kilonova ejecta

Author

Taghadomi, Z. S., Wan, Y., Flowers, A., Stancil, P. C., McLaughlin, B. M., Bromley, S., Marler, J. P., Sosolik, C. E., and Loch, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Direct detection of gravitational waves (GW) on Aug. 17, 2017, propagating from a binary neutron star merger, opened the era of multimessenger astronomy. The ejected material from neutron star mergers, or kilonova, is a good candidate for optical and near infrared follow-up observations after the detection of GWs. The kilonova from the ejecta of GW1780817 provided the first evidence for the astrophysical site of the synthesis of heavy nuclei through the rapid neutron capture process or rprocess. Since properties of the emission are largely affected by opacities of the ejected material, enhancements in the available, but limited rprocess atomic data have been motivated recently. However, given the complexity of the electronic structure of these heavy elements, considerable efforts are still needed to converge to a reliable set of atomic structure data. The aim of this work is to alleviate this situation for low charge state elements in the Os-like isoelectronic sequence. In this regard, the general purpose relativistic atomic structure packages (GRASP0 and GRASP2K) were used to obtain energy levels and transition probabilities (E1 and M1). We provide line lists and expansion opacities for a range of r-process elements. We focus here on the Os isoelectronic sequence (Os I, Ir II, Pt III, Au IV, Hg V). The results are benchmarked against existing experimental data and prior calculations, and predictions of emission spectra relevant to kilonovae are provided. Finestructure (M1) lines in the infrared potentially observable by the James Webb Space Telescope are highlighted.

Published
2022

3. Advances in neutral tungsten ultraviolet spectroscopy for the potential benefit to gross erosion diagnosis

Author

Johnson, C. A., Ennis, D. A., Loch, S. D., Hartwell, G. J., Maurer, D. A., Allen, S. L., Victor, B. S., Samuell, C. M., Abrams, T., Unterberg, E. A., and Smyth, R. T.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

A spectral survey of tungsten emission in the ultraviolet region has been completed in the DIII-D tokamak and the CTH torsatron to assess the potential benefit of UV emission for the diagnosis of gross W erosion. A total of 29 W I spectral lines are observed from the two experiments using survey spectrometers between 200-400 nm with level identifications provided based on a structure calculation for many of the excited states that produce strong emission lines. Of the 29 observed lines, 20 have not previously been reported in fusion relevant plasmas, including an intense line at 265.65 nm which could be important for benchmarking the frequently exploited line at 400.88 nm. Nearly all of the observed spectral lines decay down to one of the six lowest energy levels for neutral W, which are likely to be long-lived metastable states. The impact of metastable level populations on the W I emission spectrum and any erosion measurement utilizing a spectroscopic technique is potentially significant. Nevertheless, the high density of W I emission in the UV region allows for the possibly of determining the relative metastable fractions and plasma parameters local to the erosion region. Additionally, the lines observed in this work could be used to perform multiple independent gross erosion measurements, leading to more accurate diagnosis of gross tungsten erosion., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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4. First evidence of enhanced recombination in astrophysical environments and the implications for plasma diagnostics

Author

Nemer, A., Sterling, N. C., Raymond, J., Dupree, A. K., García-Rojas, J., Wang, Qianxia, Pindzola, M. S., Ballance, C. P., and Loch, S. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We report the first unambiguous observational evidence of Rydberg Enhanced Recombination (RER), a potentially important recombination mechanism that has hitherto been unexplored in low-temperature photoionized plasmas. RER shares similarities with dielectronic recombination, with the difference that the electron is captured into a highly excited state below the ionization threshold -- rather than above the threshold -- of the recombining ion. We predict transitions of carbon and oxygen ions that are formed via the RER process, and their relative strengths with collisional-radiative spectral models. Optical C II RER features are detected in published high-resolution spectra of eight planetary nebulae, and a C III transition has been found in the ultraviolet spectrum in a symbiotic star system. The relative intensities of these lines are consistent with their production by this recombination mechanism. Because RER has not previously been accounted for in photoionized plasmas, its inclusion in models can significantly impact the predicted ionization balance and hence abundance calculations of important astrophysical species. Calculations for C+ suggest that the enhancement in the total recombination rate can amount to a factor of 2.2 at 8100 K, increasing to 7.5 at T = 3500 K. These results demonstrate the importance of including RER in models of photoionized astrophysical plasmas and in elemental abundance determinations., Comment: 3 Figures, 2 Tables. Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2019 December 10

Published
2019
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5. Electron-impact fine-structure excitation of Fe II at low temperature

Author

Wan, Yier, Favreau, C., Loch, S. D., McLaughlin, B. M., Qi, Yueying, and Stancil, P. C.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Fe II emission lines are observed from nearly all classes of astronomical objects over a wide spectral range from the infrared to the ultraviolet. To meaningfully interpret these lines, reliable atomic data are necessary. In work presented here we focused on low-lying fine-structure transitions, within the ground term, due to electron impact. We provide effective collision strengths together with estimated uncertainties as functions of temperature of astrophysical importance ($10 - 100,000$ K). Due to the importance of fine-structure transitions within the ground term, the focus of this work is on obtaining accurate rate coefficients at the lower end of this temperature range, for applications in low temperature environments such as the interstellar medium. We performed three different flavours of scattering calculations: i) a intermediate coupling frame transformation (ICFT) $R$-matrix method, ii) a Breit-Pauli (BP) $R$-matrix method, and iii) a Dirac $R$-matrix method. The ICFT and BP $R$-matrix calculations involved three different AUTOSTRUCTURE target models each. The Dirac $R$-matrix calculation was based on a reliable 20 configuration, 6069 level atomic structure model. Good agreement was found with our BP and Dirac $R$-matrix collision results compared to previous $R$-matrix calculations. We present a set of recommended effective collision strengths for the low-lying forbidden transitions together with associated uncertainty estimates., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2019
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6. Dirac R-matrix calculations for the electron-impact excitation of neutral tungsten providing noninvasive diagnostics for magnetic confinement fusion

Author

Smyth, R. T., Ballance, C. P., Ramsbottom, C. A., Johnson, C. A., Ennis, D. A., and Loch, S. D.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Neutral tungsten is the primary candidate as a wall material in the divertor region of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The efficient operation of ITER depends heavily on precise atomic physics calculations for the determination of reliable erosion diagnostics, helping to characterise the influx of tungsten impurities into the core plasma. The following paper presents detailed calculations of the atomic structure of neutral tungsten using the multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock method, drawing comparisons with experimental measurements where available, and includes a critical assessment of existing atomic structure data. We investigate the electron-impact excitation of neutral tungsten using the Dirac R-matrix method and, by employing collisional-radiative models, we benchmark our results with recent Compact Toroidal Hybrid measurements. The resulting comparisons highlight alternative diagnostic lines to the widely used 400.88nm line., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures

Published
2018
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7. Non-Equilibrium Modeling of the Fe XVII 3C/3D ratio for an Intense X-ray Free Electron Laser

Author

Li, Y., Fogle, M., Loch, S. D., Ballance, C. P., and Fontes, C. J.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We present a review of two methods used to model recent LCLS experimental results for the 3C/3D line intensity ratio of Fe XVII (Bernitt et al. 2012), the time-dependent collisional-radiative method and the density-matrix approach. These are described and applied to a two-level atomic system excited by an X-ray free electron laser. A range of pulse parameters is explored and the effects on the predicted Fe XVII 3C and 3D line intensity ratio are calculated. In order to investigate the behavior of the predicted line intensity ratio, a particular pair of A-values for the 3C and 3D transitions was chosen (2.22 $\times$ 10$^{13}$ s$^{-1}$ and 6.02 $\times$ 10$^{12}$ s$^{-1}$ for the 3C and 3D, respectively), but our conclusions are independent of the precise values. We also reaffirm the conclusions from Oreshkina et al.(2014, 2015): the non-linear effects in the density matrix are important and the reduction in the Fe XVII 3C/3D line intensity ratio is sensitive to the laser pulse parameters, namely pulse duration, pulse intensity, and laser bandwidth. It is also shown that for both models the lowering of the 3C/3D line intensity ratio below the expected time-independent oscillator strength ratio has a significant contribution due to the emission from the plasma after the laser pulse has left the plasma volume. Laser intensities above $\sim 1\times 10^{12}$ W/cm$^{2}$ are required for a reduction in the 3C/3D line intensity ratio below the expected time independent oscillator strength ratio.

Published
2017
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8. Fine-structure electron-impact excitation of Ne$^{+}$ and Ne$^{2+}$ for low temperature astrophysical plasmas

Author

Wang, Qianxia, Loch, S. D., Li, Y., Pindzola, M. S., Cumbee, R., Stancil, P., McLaughlin, B., and Ballance, C. P.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Collision strengths for electron-impact of fine-structure level excitation within the ground term of Ne$^{+}$ and Ne$^{2+}$ are calculated using the Breit-Pauli, Intermediate Coupling Frame Transformation, and DARC $R$-matrix methods. Maxwellian-averaged effective collision strengths and excitation rate coefficient qij are presented for each. The application of the current calculations is to very low temperature astrophysical plasmas, thus we examine the sensitivity of the effective collision strengths down to 10 K. The use of the various theoretical methods allows us to place estimated uncertainties on the recommended effective collision strengths. We also investigate the sensitivity of the collision strengths to the resonance positions and underlying atomic structure. Good agreement is found with previous R-matrix calculations at higher temperature., Comment: 8 Figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2016
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9. A large-scale R-matrix calculation for electron-impact excitation of the Ne$^{2+}$ O-like ion

Author

McLaughlin, B. M., Lee, Teck-Ghee, Ludlow, J. A., Landi, E., Loch, S. D., Pindzola, M. S., and Ballance, C. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters
Abstract

The five J$\Pi$ levels within a $np^2$ or $np^4$ ground state complex provide an excellent testing ground for the comparison of theoretical line ratios with astrophysically observed values, in addition to providing valuable electron temperature and density diagnostics. The low temperature nature of the line ratios ensure that the theoretically derived values are sensitive to the underlying atomic structure and electron-impact excitation rates. Previous R-matrix calculations for the Ne$^{2+}$ O-like ion exhibit large spurious structure in the cross sections at higher electron energies, which may affect Maxwellian averaged rates even at low temperatures. Furthermore, there is an absence of comprehensive excitation data between the excited states that may provide newer diagnostics to compliment the more established lines discussed in this paper. To resolve these issues, we present both a small scale 56-level Breit-Pauli (BP) calculation and a large-scale 554 levels R-matrix Intermediate Coupling Frame Transformation (ICFT) calculation that extends the scope and validity of earlier JAJOM calculations both in terms of the atomic structure and scattering cross sections. Our results provide a comprehensive electron-impact excitation data set for all transitions to higher $n$ shells. The fundamental atomic data for this O-like ion is subsequently used within a collisional radiative framework to provide the line ratios across a range of electron temperatures and densities of interest in astrophysical observations., Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures

Published
2011
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10. Electron-impact ionization of the metastable excited states of Li+

Author

Berengut, J. C., Loch, S. D., Ballance, C. P., and Pindzola, M. S.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Electron-impact ionization cross sections for the 1s2s 1S and 1s2s 3S metastable states of Li+ are calculated using both perturbative distorted-wave and non-perturbative close-coupling methods. Term-resolved distorted-wave calculations are found to be approximately 15% above term-resolved R-matrix with pseudostates calculations. On the other hand, configuration-average time-dependent close-coupling calculations are found to be in excellent agreement with the configuration-average R-matrix with pseudostates calculations. The non-perturbative R-matrix and close-coupling calculations provide a benchmark for experimental studies of electron-impact ionization of metastable states along the He isoelectronic sequence.

Published
2006
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11. Ionisation state, excited populations and emission of impurities in dynamic finite density plasmas. I: The generalised collisional-radiative model for light elements

Author

Summers, H. P., Dickson, W. J., O'Mullane, M. G., Badnell, N. R., Whiteford, A. D., Brooks, D. H., Lang, J., Loch, S. D., and Griffin, D. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The paper presents an integrated view of the population structure and its role in establishing the ionisation state of light elements in dynamic, finite density, laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. There are four main issues, the generalised collisional-radiative picture for metastables in dynamic plasmas with Maxwellian free electrons and its particularising to light elements, the methods of bundling and projection for manipulating the population equations, the systematic production/use of state selective fundamental collision data in the metastable resolved picture to all levels for collisonal-radiative modelling and the delivery of appropriate derived coefficients for experiment analysis. The ions of carbon, oxygen and neon are used in illustration. The practical implementation of the methods described here is part of the ADAS Project., Comment: At Press for Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. 33 pages, 11 figures

Published
2005
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14. POS1024 TOFACITINIB TREATMENT AMELIORATES MUSCLE LOSS IN COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS MODEL

Author

Cavalheiro Do Espírito Santo, R., primary, Hein Da Rosa, T., additional, Bartikoski, B., additional, Farinon, M., additional, Pedo, R. T., additional, Gasparini Vieira, M. L., additional, Karnopp, T., additional, Chapacais, G., additional, DI Domenico, A., additional, Loch, S., additional, Dos Santos, M., additional, Santos, L., additional, Miranda de Souza Silva, J., additional, and Xavier, R., additional

Published
2023
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16. SN 2023ixf in Messier 101:Photo-ionization of Dense, Close-in Circumstellar Material in a Nearby Type II Supernova

Author

Jacobson-galán, W. V., Dessart, L., Margutti, R., Chornock, R., Foley, R. J., Kilpatrick, C. D., Jones, D. O., Taggart, K., Angus, C. R., Bhattacharjee, S., Braff, L. A., Brethauer, D., Burgasser, A. J., Cao, F., Carlile, C. M., Chambers, K. C., Coulter, D. A., Dominguez-ruiz, E., Dickinson, C. B., De Boer, T., Gagliano, A., Gall, C., Gao, H., Gates, E. L., Gomez, S., Guolo, M., Halford, M. R. J., Hjorth, J., Huber, M. E., Johnson, M. N., Karpoor, P. R., Laskar, T., Lebaron, N, Li, Z., Lin, Y., Loch, S. D., Lynam, P. D., Magnier, E. A., Maloney, P., Matthews, D. J., Mcdonald, M., Miao, H.-y., Milisavljevic, D., Pan, Y.-c., Pradyumna, S., Ransome, C. L., Rees, J. M., Rest, A., Rojas-bravo, C., Sandford, N. R., Ascencio, L. Sandoval, Sanjaripour, S., Savino, A., Sears, H., Sharei, N., Smartt, S. J., Softich, E. R., Theissen, C. A., Tinyanont, S., Tohfa, H., Villar, V. A., Wang, Q., Wainscoat, R. J., Westerling, A. L., Wiston, E., Wozniak, M. A., Yadavalli, S. K., Zenati, Y., Jacobson-galán, W. V., Dessart, L., Margutti, R., Chornock, R., Foley, R. J., Kilpatrick, C. D., Jones, D. O., Taggart, K., Angus, C. R., Bhattacharjee, S., Braff, L. A., Brethauer, D., Burgasser, A. J., Cao, F., Carlile, C. M., Chambers, K. C., Coulter, D. A., Dominguez-ruiz, E., Dickinson, C. B., De Boer, T., Gagliano, A., Gall, C., Gao, H., Gates, E. L., Gomez, S., Guolo, M., Halford, M. R. J., Hjorth, J., Huber, M. E., Johnson, M. N., Karpoor, P. R., Laskar, T., Lebaron, N, Li, Z., Lin, Y., Loch, S. D., Lynam, P. D., Magnier, E. A., Maloney, P., Matthews, D. J., Mcdonald, M., Miao, H.-y., Milisavljevic, D., Pan, Y.-c., Pradyumna, S., Ransome, C. L., Rees, J. M., Rest, A., Rojas-bravo, C., Sandford, N. R., Ascencio, L. Sandoval, Sanjaripour, S., Savino, A., Sears, H., Sharei, N., Smartt, S. J., Softich, E. R., Theissen, C. A., Tinyanont, S., Tohfa, H., Villar, V. A., Wang, Q., Wainscoat, R. J., Westerling, A. L., Wiston, E., Wozniak, M. A., Yadavalli, S. K., and Zenati, Y.

Published
2023

27. Validation and updating of industrial models based on the constitutive relation error

Author

Barthe, D., Deraemaeker, A., Ladeveze, P., and Le Loch, S.

Subjects
Aerospace engineering -- Research, Aerospace and defense industries, Business
Abstract

The validation and updating of models of industrial structures based on the concept of constitutive relation error is treated. The method is extended to the problem of the detection of defective sensors. The capabilities of the method are illustrated on the structure of the SYLDA5 double launching system of the European space launcher Ariane 5. The results obtained are encouraging and demonstrate the efficiency of the method for updating models of industrial structures.

Published
2004

30. Rupturing the limitations and masculinities of traditional academic discourse through collective memoir

Author

Crimmins G, Black AL, Jones JK, Loch S, and Impiccini J

Subjects
1303 Specialist Studies in Education
Abstract

Purpose The authors, seven women–writers–performers–artists–academics, have been working collectively for a year, storying, de-storying and re-storying the experience of our lives. The authors write to “taste life twice, in the moment and in retrospect” (Nin, 1976), to uncover and learn ourselves through writing (Richardson, 1997), to take the “risky” steps of talking to each other about our inner lives (Palmer, 1998). Cognisant of the limitations and masculinities of traditional academic discourses, in form and content, and heavily confined by neoliberal expectations to count and be counted, we write and express the stories of lives the authors did not choose or imagine – lives we are given and live through. Our expression inhabits aesthetic, contemplative and sensory ways of knowing and employs poetry, image, song and story to create a polyvocal account of women’s lives, voices, struggles and learning. The authors share here part of our collective memoir and its development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper is designed as a collective memoir. Findings The authors write and express the stories of lives we did not choose or imagine – lives we are given and live through. The expression inhabits aesthetic, contemplative and sensory ways of knowing and employs poetry, image, song and story to create a polyvocal account of women’s lives, voices, struggles and learning. The authors share here part of our collective memoir and its development. Research limitations/implications The research focuses on autoethnography and lived experience. Originality/value Auto-ethnography/lived experience offers rich insights into the personal and political actions and actors within higher education

Published
2019

41. Dielectronic recombination in O4+ near the ionization threshold.

Author

Pindzola, M S, Fogle, M R, and Loch, S D

Subjects
ION recombination, PERTURBATION theory, ELECTRON impact ionization, PHOTOIONIZATION
Abstract

Relativistic perturbation theory calculations are carried out for dielectronic recombination cross sections involving jj J levels near the ionization threshold. We included levels in the 1s22p23l, 1s22s2p3l, 1s22s2p4l, 1s22s2p5l, and 1s22s2p6l configurations of O3+ that lie within ±5.0 eV of the O4+ ionization threshold. Theoretical dielectronic recombination cross sections are compared with experimental dielectronic recombination rate coefficients from 0.0 eV to 5.0 eV above threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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42. DIII-D research towards establishing the scientific basis for future fusion reactors

Author

Abadie, L, Abrams, T, Ahn, J, Akiyama, T, Aleynikov, P, Allcock, J, Allen, E, Allen, S, Anderson, J, Ashourvan, A, Austin, M, Bak, J, Barada, K, Barbour, N, Bardoczi, L, Barr, J, Barton, J, Bass, E, Battaglia, D, Baylor, L, Beckers, J, Belli, E, Berkery, J, Bertelli, N, Bialek, J, Boedo, J, Boivin, R, Bonoli, P, Bortolon, A, Boyer, M, Brambila, R, Bray, B, Brennan, D, Briesemeister, A, Bringuier, S, Brookman, M, Brower, D, Brown, B, Brown, W, Buchenauer, D, Burke, M, Burrell, K, Butt, J, Buttery, R, Bykov, I, Candy, J, Canik, J, Cao, N, Carbajal Gomez, L, Carlson, L, Carlstrom, T, Carter, T, Cary, W, Casali, L, Cengher, M, Chan, V, Chen, B, Chen, J, Chen, M, Chen, R, Chen, X, Choi, W, Chrobak, C, Chrystal, C, Churchill, R, Cianciosa, M, Clauser, C, Clement, M, Coburn, J, Collins, C, Cooper, A, Covele, B, Crippen, J, Crocker, N, Crowley, B, Dal Molin, A, Davis, E, Degrassie, J, del-Castillo-Negrete, C, Delgado-Aparicio, L, Diallo, A, Diem, S, Ding, R, Ding, S, Ding, W, Doane, J, Donovan, D, Drake, J, Du, D, Du, H, Du, X, Duarte, V, Duran, J, Eidietis, N, Elder, D, Eldon, D, Elwasif, W, Ely, T, Eng, K, Engelhorn, K, Ennis, D, Erickson, K, Ernst, D, Evans, T, Fenstermacher, M, Ferraro, N, Ferron, J, Finkenthal, D, Fisher, P, Fishler, B, Flanagan, S, Fooks, J, Frassinetti, L, Frerichs, H, Fu, Y, Fulop, T, Gao, Q, Garcia, F, Garofalo, A, Gattuso, A, Giacomelli, L, Giraldez, E, Giroud, C, Glass, F, Gohil, P, Gong, X, Gorelov, Y, Granetz, R, Green, D, Greenfield, C, Grierson, B, Groebner, R, Grosnickle, W, Groth, M, Grunloh, H, Guo, H, Guo, W, Guterl, J, Hager, R, Hahn, S, Halpern, F, Han, H, Hansink, M, Hanson, J, Harris, J, Haskey, S, Hatch, D, Heidbrink, W, Herfindal, J, Hill, D, Hill, M, Hinson, E, Holcomb, C, Holland, C, Holland, L, Hollmann, E, Holm, A, Hong, R, Hoppe, M, Houshmandyar, S, Howard, J, Howard, N, Hu, Q, Hu, W, Huang, H, Huang, J, Huang, Y, Hughes, G, Hughes, J, Humphreys, D, Hyatt, A, Ida, K, Igochine, V, In, Y, Inoue, S, Isayama, A, Isler, R, Izzo, V, Jackson, M, Jarvinen, A, Jeon, Y, Ji, H, Jian, X, Jimenez, R, Johnson, C, Joseph, I, Kaczala, D, Kaplan, D, Kates-Harbeck, J, Kellman, A, Kellman, D, Kessel, C, Khumthong, K, Kim, C, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, S, Kimura, W, King, J, Kirk, A, Kleijwegt, K, Knolker, M, Kohn, A, Kolemen, E, Kostuk, M, Kramer, G, Kress, P, Kriete, D, La Haye, R, Laggner, F, Lan, H, Lanctot, M, Lantsov, R, Lao, L, Lasnier, C, Lau, C, Law, K, Lawrence, D, Le, J, Lee, R, Lehnen, M, Leon, R, Leonard, A, Lesher, M, Leuer, J, Li, G, Li, K, Liao, K, Lin, Z, Liu, C, Liu, F, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Loch, S, Logan, N, Lohr, J, Lore, J, Luce, T, Luhmann, N, Lunsford, R, Luo, C, Luo, Z, Lupin-Jimenez, L, Lvovskiy, A, Lyons, B, Ma, X, Maingi, R, Makowski, M, Mantica, P, Manuel, M, Margo, M, Marinoni, A, Marmar, E, Martin, W, Masline, R, Matsunaga, G, Mauzey, D, Mauzey, P, Mcclenaghan, J, Mckee, G, Mclean, A, Mclean, H, Meier, E, Meitner, S, Menard, J, Meneghini, O, Merlo, G, Meyer, W, Miller, D, Miller, W, Moeller, 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Zhu, and B. Zywicki

Abstract

DIII-D research is addressing critical challenges in preparation for ITER and the next generation of fusion devices through focusing on plasma physics fundamentals that underpin key fusion goals, understanding the interaction of disparate core and boundary plasma physics, and developing integrated scenarios for achieving high performance fusion regimes. Fundamental investigations into fusion energy science find that anomalous dissipation of runaway electrons (RE) that arise following a disruption is likely due to interactions with RE-driven kinetic instabilities, some of which have been directly observed, opening a new avenue for RE energy dissipation using naturally excited waves. Dimensionless parameter scaling of intrinsic rotation and gyrokinetic simulations give a predicted ITER rotation profile with significant turbulence stabilization. Coherence imaging spectroscopy confirms near sonic flow throughout the divertor towards the target, which may account for the convection-dominated parallel heat flux. Core-boundary integration studies show that the small angle slot divertor achieves detachment at lower density and extends plasma cooling across the divertor target plate, which is essential for controlling heat flux and erosion. The Super H-mode regime has been extended to high plasma current (2.0 MA) and density to achieve very high pedestal pressures (∼30 kPa) and stored energy (3.2 MJ) with H 98y2 ≈ 1.6-2.4. In scenario work, the ITER baseline Q = 10 scenario with zero injected torque is found to have a fusion gain metric independent of current between q 95 = 2.8-3.7, and a lower limit of pedestal rotation for RMP ELM suppression has been found. In the wide pedestal QH-mode regime that exhibits improved performance and no ELMs, the start-up counter torque has been eliminated so that the entire discharge uses ≈0 injected torque and the operating space is more ITER-relevant. Finally, the high- (3.8) hybrid scenario has been extended to the high-density levels ne

Published
2019

45. The He/Ne beam diagnostic for active emission spectroscopy in the island divertor of Wendelstein 7-X

Author

Michaut, C., Berndt, J., Mantsinen, M., Coda, S., Lapenta, G., Weber, S., Barbui, T., Effenberg, F., Krychowiak, M., Schmitz, O., Blackwell, Boyd, Endler, M., Hammond, K., Jakubowski, M., Konig, R., Loch, S., Marion, H., Michaut, C., Berndt, J., Mantsinen, M., Coda, S., Lapenta, G., Weber, S., Barbui, T., Effenberg, F., Krychowiak, M., Schmitz, O., Blackwell, Boyd, Endler, M., Hammond, K., Jakubowski, M., Konig, R., Loch, S., and Marion, H.

Published
2018

Catalog

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