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To assess the safety and efficacy of cryoablation in patients with lung nodules mainly composed of ground-glass opacities (GGOs).In this retrospective study, 50 patients (mean age, 65.0 years ± 12.3; 28 women) with a diagnosis of lung GGO nodules who underwent cryoablation were included (from June 2016 to June 2021). The local recurrence rate, incidence of regional metastases to lymph nodes, incidence of distant metastases, adverse events, and lung function condition were analyzed.Follow-up computed tomography (CT) was performed at a mean of 33 months (range, 3-60 months) after the cryoablation procedure. Outcomes were only evaluated in 30 patients. A total of 20 patients were excluded. Of these 20 patients, 10 patients had no cancer detected by histopathological analysis and a diagnosis was made using CT or positron emission tomography (PET)-CT, The other 10 patients had nodules with a diameter of10 mm and a consolidation-to-tumor ratio of0.25; thus, histopathological analysis was not performed because of the small nodule size, and patients were diagnosed using CT or PET-CT. The local recurrence rate was 0% (0 of 30). Evidence of regional metastases of lymph nodes was not found in any patients (0%; 0 of 30), and the incidence of distant metastases was 0% (0 of 30). No major adverse events were noted. Lung function recovered to normal within 1 month after cryoablation in all patients.Cryoablation may serve as a safe and feasible option for the treatment of lung nodules mainly composed of GGOs.

Objective: To discuss the management of safe medication in the treatment of internal diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: 124 patients with medical diseases were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method, with 62 cases in each group. The experimental group implemented safe medication management, and the control group implemented routine medication management, all of which were treated for 4 consecutive weeks. The comparison of the improvement of the quality of life, the compliance rate of safe medication and the adverse drug reactions of the two groups after clinical treatment were compared. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, there was a significant difference in clinical efficacy between the two groups of patients. In terms of quality-of-life scores, the scores of the experimental group were better than those of the control group. The living ability, condition, physical strength and other conditions of patients were significantly different. The t-values were 15.3427, 14.0275, and 7.7113, respectively, and P

Objective: To explore the cause and feasibility of Artemisia ordosica allergic rhinitis. Methods: The main allergic causes of allergic rhinitis patients in Chifeng City of inner Mongolia were analyzed by a control method. Results: According to the results, Artemisia ordosica is the most important cause of allergic rhinitis in inner Mongolia. In addition, allergic history, asthma and other diseases, or animal hair and other factors can also increase the risk of patients with allergic rhinitis. Conclusions: Artemisia sphaerocephala is the main cause of allergic rhinitis. In recent years, allergic rhinitis has attracted the attention of international organizations, and the medical community has also studied more methods for the treatment of rhinitis, such as putting forward relevant traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment methods.

The main contents of the Clinical Practice Guidelines on Image-Guided Thermal Ablation (IGTA) of Primary and Metastatic Lung Tumors (2022 Edition) include the following: epidemiology of primary and metastatic lung tumors; the concepts of the IGTA and common technical features; procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation, and related complications of IGTA on primary and metastatic lung tumors; and limitations and future development.

Background. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new local ablation technique for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study is to analyse the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Materials and Methods. From October 2016 to January 2018, 61 patients with LAPC who received simultaneous gemcitabine and IRE therapy (GEM-IRE group, n = 31) or IRE alone therapy (IRE group, n = 30). Routine intravenous gemcitabine chemotherapy was performed 2 weeks after IRE in both groups. Results. Technical success rates were 90.0% (27/30) and 93.3% (28/30) in the GEM-IRE and IRE groups. Compared with the IRE group, the GEM-IRE group exhibited longer overall survival (OS), local tumor progression free survival (LTPFS), and distant disease free survival (DDFS) from IRE (OS, 17.1 vs. 14.2 months, p = 0.031 ; LTPFS, 14.6 vs. 10.2 months, p = 0.045 ; DDFS, 15.4 vs. 11.7 months, p = 0.071 ). Multivariate Cox regression analysis results suggested that tumor volume ≤37 cm3 and simultaneous gemcitabine with IRE were significant independent prognostic factors of OS, LTPFS, and DDFS. Four major adverse reactions occurred; all of them were resolved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions. Simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE therapy model was effective and well-tolerated therapeutic strategy in LAPC patients.

The Expert Consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practice guidelines for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The main contents include the following: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN; (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation, and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN; and (3) future development directions.

Background: Natural killer (NK) cells can be used as an adoptive immunotherapy to treat cancer patients. Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of highly activated NK (HANK) cell immunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer. Patients and methods: Between March 2016 and September 2017, we enrolled 13 patients who met the enrollment criteria. Donor peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from patients and the NK cells were expanded. After 12 days of culture, the cells were collected and infused intravenously on days 13 to 15. The enrolled patients received at least one course including three times of infusions. The lymphocyte subsets, cytokine production, and the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) were measured before treatment and after the last infusion. Results: No side effects were observed. After a three-month follow-up, the percentage of patients who achieved stable disease and progressive disease was 84.6% and 15.4%. Moreover, the level of IFN-γ was significantly higher after treatment and the level of CEA decreased substantially. The overall immune function of the patients who received the NK cell therapy remained stable. Conclusion: This is the first study to describe the efficacy of NK cell therapy of patients with advanced lung cancer. These clinical observations demonstrated that NK cell is safe and efficient for advanced lung cancer therapy.

Objective We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with chemotherapy for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma (stage III/IV). Methods We prospectively enrolled 54 patients (30 men; median age 61.0 years; range 41-73 years) undergoing IRE with or without chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer between July 2015 and August 2016. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to analyze progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Safety was assessed based on the occurrence of adverse events. Results All patients successfully underwent IRE. Major IRE-related complications were observed in four patients (7.4%). Gastrointestinal hemorrhage only developed in cases undergoing IRE via the open method, and was successfully managed with interventional embolization and/or vascular ligation. Any minor complications in the cases were alleviated within 14 days after symptomatic treatment. Overall, the performance status score decreased from 1.06 to 0.89 at 3 months after IRE (P

The effects of stochastic perturbations and periodic excitations on the eutrophicated lake ecosystem are explored. Unlike the existing work in detecting early warning signals, this paper presents the most probable transition paths to characterize the regime shifts. The most probable transition paths are obtained by minimizing the Freidlin–Wentzell (FW) action functional and Onsager–Machlup (OM) action functional, respectively. The most probable path shows the movement trend of the lake eutrophication system under noise excitation, and describes the global transition behavior of the system. Under the excitation of Gaussian noise, the results show that the stability of the eutrophic state and the oligotrophic state has different results from two perspectives of potential well and the most probable transition paths. Under the excitation of Gaussian white noise and periodic force, we find that the transition occurs near the nearest distance between the stable periodic solution and the unstable periodic solution.

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging local ablation therapy which may be effective for unresectable tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous IRE in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) abutting the diaphragm.A total of 26 participants with 39 tumors abutting the diaphragm were prospectively evaluated between July 2015 and September 2018. Complications associated with IRE were recorded, and the survival benefit of IRE was analyzed. The factors associated with time to local tumor progression (LTP) were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.No major complications or treatment-related deaths occurred. The technical success rate was 96.2% (25/26) and complete ablation rate was 92.3% (36/39). The median follow-up period was 16.7 months (range: 3.0-43.0 months), the LTP occurred in 15.2% of tumors and median time to LTP was 20.4 months. Overall, tumor size (hazard ratio: 1.24 [95% confidence interval: 0.38, 3.81],This study shows for the first time that percutaneous IRE is a safe and effective ablation technology for HCC abutting the diaphragm.

Immunotherapy has limited efficacy against locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) due to the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment (ISM). Irreversible electroporation (IRE) can not only induce immunogenic cell death, but also alleviate immunosuppression. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of IRE plus allogeneic γδ T cells in LAPC patients. A total of 62 patients who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in this trial, then randomized into two groups (A: n = 30 and B: n = 32). All patients received IRE therapy and after receiving IRE, the group A patients received at least two cycles of γδ T-cell infusion as one course continuously. Group A patients had better survival than group B patients (median OS: 14.5 months vs. 11 months; median PFS: 11 months vs. 8.5 months). Moreover, the group A patients treated with multiple courses of γδ T-cell infusion had longer OS (17 months) than those who received a single course (13.5 months). IRE combined with allogeneic γδ T-cell infusion is a promising strategy to enhance the antitumor efficacy in LAPC patients, yielding extended survival benefits.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03180437.

BACKGROUND: The anti–programmed cell death 1 (anti–PD-1) antibody pembrolizumab is clinically active against non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition to T cells, human natural killer (NK) cells, reported to have the potential to prolong the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC, also express PD-1. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab plus allogeneic NK cells in patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC. METHODS: In total, 109 enrolled patients with a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) of 1% or higher were randomly allocated to group A (n = 55 patients given pembrolizumab plus NK cells) or group B (n = 54 patients given pembrolizumab alone). The patients received i.v. pembrolizumab (10 mg/kg) once every 3 weeks and continued treatment until the occurrence of tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity. The patients in group A continuously received 2 cycles of NK cell therapy as 1 course of treatment. RESULTS: In our study, patients in group A had longer survival than did patients in group B (median overall survival [OS]: 15.5 months vs. 13.3 months; median progression-free survival [PFS]: 6.5 months vs. 4.3 months; P < 0.05). In group A patients with a TPS of 50% or higher, the median OS and PFS was significantly longer. Moreover, the patients in group A treated with multiple courses of NK cell infusion had better OS (18.5 months) than did those who received a single course of NK cell infusion (13.5 months). CONCLUSION: Pembrolizumab plus NK cell therapy yielded improved survival benefits in patients with previously treated PD-L1(+) advanced NSCLC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02843204. FUNDING: This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) – Guangdong Joint Foundation of China (no. U1601225); the NSFC (no. 81671965); the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Construction Project of China (no. 2017B030314034); and the Key Scientific and Technological Program of Guangzhou City (no. 201607020016).

Discontinuity and non-smoothness of system displacement and velocity caused by mechanical impact make the related research on dynamics of vibro-impact systems very difficult and complex. For the sake of bypassing the problems resulting from impact to some extent, Zhuravlev and Ivanov coordinate transformations were proposed, which can effectively convert the vibro-impact system to one without impact terms. In this paper, a more direct and universal transformation for general bilateral rigid vibro-impact systems is proposed. It is inspired by the main technique of Ivanov transformation, which makes the trajectories remain continuous in an auxiliary phase space. It can be directly applied to common vibro-impact systems, whether the positions of barriers are symmetrical or the restitution coefficients of barriers on both sides are consistent. In particular, this method can also be applied to the unilateral vibro-impact system. Validity of the proposed methodology is examined by means of case studies.

For advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, liver transplantation (LT) is an optimal treatment with limitation of high risk of tumor recurrence related to the immunosuppressive chemotherapy as usually recommended. In this study, a 29-year-old man suffered from HCC recurrence after LT. He underwent radiotherapy (total dose: 45 Gy) but had no significant response. Then, he received iodine-125 seed implantation combined with allogenic natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy. Liver function, immune function, circulating tumor cell counts and computed tomography scans were evaluated to determine the clinical effect. We found that this combined treatment produced enhanced immune function of the patient and reduction in tumor size. This is the first report of an efficacy and safety study about clinical regimen comprising allogenic NK cell immunotherapy combined with iodine-125 seed implantation for the treatment of HCC recurrence after LT.

Background/Aims: We evaluated the clinical effectiveness of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in combination with immunotherapy using allogenic natural killer cells (NK) for stage IV hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The study involved 40 patients with stage IV HCC who were divided equally into two groups: 1) simple IRE; and 2) IRE plus allogenic NK cells (IRE-NK); we mainly assessed the overall survival (OS). Results: The effect of the IRE-NK treatment was synergistic, i.e., not only did it enhance immune function, it also decreased alpha-fetoprotein expression and showed significantly good clinical effectiveness. At the median 7.6-month follow-up (range, 3.8–12.1 months), median OS was higher in the IRE-NK group (10.1 months) than in the IRE group (8.9 months, P = 0.0078). Conclusion: IRE combined with allogeneic NK cell immunotherapy significantly increases the median OS of patients with stage IV HCC.

Background/Aims: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in extremely poor 5-year survival. Late diagnosis of PDAC is mainly due to lack of a reliable method of early detection. Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is often used as a tumor biomarker in PDAC; however, the test lacks sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, new sensitive and minimally invasive diagnostic tools are required to detect pancreatic cancer. Methods: Here, we investigated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) which contained KRAS-mutated as a potential diagnostic tool for PDAC patients who underwent irreversible electroporation (IRE). We used droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to detect the expression of KRAS-mutated genes in plasma samples of 65 PDAC patients who underwent IRE. Results: In these 65 cases, ctDNA was detected in 20 (29.2%) samples. The median overall survival (OS) was 11.4 months with ctDNA+ patients and 14.3 months for ctDNA- patients. ctDNA+ patients had a obviously poorer prognosis associated to overall survival (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggested that the existence of ctDNA was a predictor of survival for PDAC patients. Therefore, ctDNA may be a new sensitive biomarker for monitoring treatment outcome in PDAC.

Purpose To investigate the safety and efficacy of locoregional therapy plus adoptive transfer of allogeneic gamma delta (γδ) T cells for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods Thirty HCC patients and 29 ICC patients were randomly assigned to receive locoregional therapy (HCC, Group A, n = 15; ICC, Group C; n = 15) or locoregional therapy plus γδ T cell therapy (HCC, Group B, n = 15; ICC, Group D, n = 14). Groups A and C only received locoregional ablation (cryoablation or irreversible electroporation), while Groups B and D received locoregional therapy followed by adoptive transfer of allogeneic γδ T cells. The primary endpoints were safety, distant progression-free survival (PFS), local PFS and overall survival (OS). Results The median distant PFS was significantly longer in the combined treatment groups than the locoregional treatment groups (HCC: 8 vs. 4 months, P = 0.04; ICC: 8 vs. 4 months, P = 0.021). There was no significant difference in local PFS between the two treatment modalities. HCC patients in the combined treatment group had a longer OS (median OS: 13 vs. 8 months, P = 0.029). However, there was no significant difference in OS in ICC patients between the two treatment modalities (median OS: 9.5 vs. 8 months, P = 0.546). All adverse events were manageable and no significant difference in the prevalence was observed between the groups. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the novel combination therapy is safe with encouraging clinical efficacy against HCC and ICC.

// Jian-Ying Zeng 1 , Xiang-Hao Piao 2 , Zhong-Yuan Zou 2 , Qing-Feng Yang 2 , Zi-Lin Qin 3 , Ji-Bing Chen 1 , Liang Zhou 4 , Li-Zhi Niu 4 and Jian-Guo Liu 4 1 Central Laboratory, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, P.R. China 2 Department of Intervention, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, P.R. China 3 School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China 4 Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, P.R. China Correspondence to: Xiang-Hao Piao, email: kzgdo-01@163.com Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; transarterial chemoembolization; cryoablation; hepasphere microsphere; doxorubicin Received: November 02, 2017 Accepted: January 03, 2018 Published: January 08, 2018 ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of drug-eluting bead (DEB) embolization (DEB-TACE) when combined with cryoablation in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study was a single-center randomized controlled trial comprised of 60 patients with HCC conducted between August 2015 and October 2017. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: DEB-TACE combined with cryoablation (DEB-TACE-Cryo group) or cryoablation alone (Cryo group). Inter-group differences in overall survival, progression-free survival, and adverse reactions were assessed. The operative success rates were 82.7% and 77.4% in the DEB-TACE-Cryo group and Cryo group, respectively, with no operative mortality. The overall survival and progression-free survival in the DEB-TACE-Cryo group were significantly higher than those in the Cryo group (16.8 months vs.13.4 months, P = 0.0493; 8.1 months vs. 6.0 months, P = 0.0089, respectively). The postoperative complications in the two groups were rated as grade 1 or grade 2, according to guidelines set by the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0 (CTCAE V4.0). We demonstrated that DEB-TACE combined with cryoablation was effective, well tolerated, and had a low complication rate. Therefore, this combination therapy may be a better choice for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

In this study, we investigated the clinical benefits of a combination of tumor cryoablation with natural killer (NK) cells therapy and Herceptin for human epidermal growth factor (HER) 2-overexpressing recurrent breast cancer. From May 2015 to May 2016, 48 patients who met the enrollment criteria were assigned to three groups (n=16): cryoablation group (group I), cryoablation-NK cells therapy group (group II) and cryoablation-NK cells therapy-Herceptin group (group III). Safety and short-term effects were evaluated. All the adverse effects were manageable and acceptable. The three-therapy combination treatment not only yielded good clinical efficacy, it also improved the quality of life; reduced levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs); reduced carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) expression; enhanced immune function significantly. Furthermore, it can resulte in significant prolongation of progression free survival (PFS). This is the first clinical study to demonstrate the benefit of the three-therapy combination of tumor cryoablation, NK cells therapy, and Herceptin for HER2-overexpressing recurrent breast cancer.

We used circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers to evaluate the efficacy of pre-irreversible electroporation (IRE) and post-IRE for unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC). Real-time qPCR was used to detect potential biomarker genes in CTCs, and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) were performed on 43 patients with PC who underwent IRE. Some patients experienced adverse reactions within 30 days of the operation, including arrhythmia (6.9%), intraoperative transient change of blood pressure (25.5%), cough (11.6%), nausea and vomiting (23.3%), ascites (25.6%), fever (9.3%), and pain of puncture point (60.5%). The number of CTCs decreased significantly with postoperative time (P

// Mao Lin 1, 2, * , Mohammed Alnaggar 1, * , Shuzhen Liang 1 , Xiaohua Wang 1 , Yinqing Liang 1 , Mingjie Zhang 3 , Jibing Chen 1, 2 , Lizhi Niu 1, 2 and Kecheng Xu 1, 2 1 Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 2 Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China 3 Hank Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China * These authors contributed equally to this work and shared the first authorship Correspondence to: Lizhi Niu, email: 18922210657@163.com Jibing Chen, email: linmaogz@163.com Mingjie Zhang, email: 307197873@qq.com Keywords: clinical efficacy, irreversible electroporation, allogeneic natural killer cell, pancreatic cancer Received: July 07, 2017 Accepted: September 23, 2017 Published: October 19, 2017 ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the safety and clinical efficacy on combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for treating Stage III/IV pancreatic cancer, evaluating median progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Adverse events of all patients were limited to grades 1 and 2, including local (mainly tussis 13.4%, nausea and emesis 7.1%, pain of puncture point 29.6% and duodenum and gastric retention 4.3%) and systemic (mainly fatigue 22.3%, fever 31.6%, and transient reduction of intraoperative blood pressure 25.1% and white cell count reduction 18.3%) reactions, fever was the most frequent. The serum amylase level at 24 h and 7 d after IRE was not significantly changed compared to those before IRE ( P > 0.05). CA19–9 value was lower in IRE-NK group than in IRE at 1 month after treatment ( P < 0.05). After a median follow-up of 7.4 months (3.6–11.2 months): in stage III group, median PFS was higher in IRE-NK group (9.3 months) than in IRE group (8.1 months, P = 0.0465), median OS was higher in IRE-NK (13.2 months) than in IRE (11.4 months, P = 0.0411), and median PFS was higher in who received multiple NK than single NK (9.8 months vs.8.1 months, P = 0.0423, respectively), median OS who received multiple NK was higher than single NK (13.9 months vs.12.3 months, P = 0.0524, respectively), the RR in IRE-NK (63.2%) was higher than in IRE (50.0%, P < 0.05); in stage IV group, median OS was higher in IRE-NK (9.8 months) than in IRE (8.7 months, P = 0.0397), the DCR in IRE-NK (66.7%) was higher than in IRE (42.9%, P < 0.05). Materials and Methods: Between July 2016 and May 2017, we enrolled 71 patients who met the enrollment criteria. The patients were divided into stage III (32 patients, 17 patients received only IRE and 15 patients received IRE-NK (Irreversible electroporation- natural killer): 8 patients underwent a course of NK and 7 patients underwent ≥ 3 courses) and stage IV (39 patients, 22 patients received only IRE and 17 patients received IRE-NK: 9 patients underwent a course of NK and 8 patients underwent ≥ 3 courses). The safety and short-term effects were evaluated firstly, then the median PFS, median OS, response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were assessed. Conclusions: Combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy significantly increased median PFS and median OS in stage III pancreatic cancer and extended the median OS of stage IV pancreatic cancer . Multiple allogeneic natural killer cells infusion was associated with better prognosis to stage III pancreatic cancer.

This study was attempted to investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for treating stage III/IV pancreatic cancer, evaluate median progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Between March 2016 and February 2017, we enrolled 67 patients who met the enrollment criteria. According to the latest NCCN Guidelines, the patients were divided into stage III (35 patients, 16 patients received only irreversible electroporation (IRE) and 19 patients received IRE-NK: 8 patients underwent one course NK and 11 patients underwent ≥3 courses) and stage IV (32 patients, 14 patients received only IRE and 18 patients received IRE-NK: 8 patients underwent one course NK and 10 patients underwent ≥3 courses). The safety and short-term effects were evaluated first, then the median PFS, median OS, response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were assessed. Adverse events of all patients were limited to grades A and B, included local (mainly cough 12.7%, nausea and emesis 6.8%, pain of puncture point 25.3% and duodenum and gastric retention 5.9%) and systemic (mainly fatigue 21.5, fever 33.5%, and blood pressure intraoperative transient reduction 27.4% and white cell count reduction 22.6%) reactions, fever was most frequent. The serum amylase level at 24 h and 7 d after IRE was not significantly changed compared to those before IRE (P > 0.05). CA19-9 value was lower in IRE-NK group than in IRE at 1 month after treatment (P

Pancreatic cancer (PC), one of the most lethal malignancies, accounts for 8% to 10% of digestive system cancers, and the incidence is increasing. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have been the main treatment methods but are not very effective. Cryosurgery was first used in 1984 for treatment of locally advanced PC and has since become a considerable treatment for most cases of unresectable PC. During the past decade, cryosurgery has been applied in some hospitals in China, and the newly developed technique of computed tomography– and/or ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryosurgery has shown better results than chemotherapy in cases of unresectable locally advanced PC, with the 1-year survival rate reported to be more than 50%. To develop standardized criteria for the application of cryosurgery in PC, the International Society of Cryosurgery and Asian Society of Cryosurgery assembled experts from Austria, Japan, and China to discuss treatment methods and arrive at a consensus on the indications, contraindications, and preferred techniques of PC cryosurgery.

// Mao Lin 1, 2 , Shuzhen Liang 1 , Xiaohua Wang 1 , Yinqing Liang 1 , Mingjie Zhang 3 , Jibing Chen 1, 2 , Lizhi Niu 1, 2, 4 and Kecheng Xu 1, 2 1 Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China 2 Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China 3 Hank Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China 4 Department of Oncology, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China Correspondence to: Lizhi Niu, email: 18922210657@163.com Jibing Chen, email: linmaogz@163.com Keywords: curative effect, percutaneous cryoablation, allogenic natural killer cell, hepatocellular cancer, progression-free survival Received: April 07, 2017 Accepted: April 29, 2017 Published: May 11, 2017 ABSTRACT In this study, the clinical efficacy of cryosurgery combined with allogenic natural killer cell immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular cancer was evaluated. From October 2015 to March 2017, we enrolled 61 patients who met the enrollment criteria and divided them into two groups: 1) the simple cryoablation group (Cryo group, n = 26); and 2) the cryoablation combined with allogenic natural killer cells group (Cryo-NK group, n = 35), the safety and short-term effects were evaluated firstly, then the median progression-free survival, response rate and disease control rate were assessed. All adverse events experienced by the patients were recorded, and included local (e.g., pain, pleural effusion, and ascites) and systemic (e.g., chills, fatigue, and fever) reactions, fever was more frequent. Other possible seriously side effects (e.g., blood or bone marrow changes) were not detected. Combining allogeneic natural killer cells with cryoablation had a synergistic effect, not only enhancing the immune function, improving the quality of life of the patients, but also reducing the expression of AFP and significantly exhibiting good clinical efficacy of the patients. After a median follow-up of 8.7 months (3.9 –15.1months), median progression-free survival was higher in Cryo-NK (9.1 months) than in Cryo (7.6 months, P = 0.0107), median progression-free survival who received multiple natural killer was higher than who just received single natural killer (9.7 months vs.8.4 months, P = 0.0011, respectively), the response rate in Cryo-NK (60.0%) was higher than in Cryo (46.1%, P < 0.05), the disease control rate in Cryo-NK (85.7%) was higher than in Cryo group (69.2%, P < 0.01). Percutaneous cryoablation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy significantly increased median progression-free survival of advanced hepatocellular cancer patients. Multiple allogeneic natural killer cells infusion was associated with better prognosis to advanced hepatocellular cancer.

Aberrantly expressed microRNAs contribute to the initiation and progression of human cancer. MiRNA-187 has been reported in nasopharyngeal, renal, pancreatic, prostate, and esophageal cancer, and acts as a tumor suppressor or oncogene. However, the underlying function of miRNA-187 in cervical cancer remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we demonstrated significantly miRNA-187 down-regulation in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines compared to their normal counterparts. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that decreased miRNA-187 was closely associated with shorter overall survival and relapse-free survival. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that miRNA-187 suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted cervical cancer cell apoptosis. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay determined that human papillomavirus 16 E6 was a direct functional target of miRNA-187. Taken together, our findings indicate the essential role of miRNA-187 in suppressing cervical cancer progression and indicate a novel link between miRNA-187 and human papillomavirus 16 E6 in cervical cancer.