23 results on '"Livramento, Jose A."'
Search Results
2. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of chemokines in HIV infected patients with and without opportunistic infection of the central nervous system
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Christo, Paulo Pereira, Vilela, Márcia de Carvalho, Bretas, Thales Lage, Domingues, Renan Barros, Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu, Livramento, José Antonio, and Teixeira, Antonio Lucio
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- 2009
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3. Cellular immune response of patients with neurocysticercosis (inflammatory and non-inflammatory phases)
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Bueno, Ednéia Casagranda, Machado, Luı́s dos Ramos, Livramento, José Antônio, and Vaz, Adelaide José
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- 2004
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4. Factors influencing cerebrospinal fluid and plasma HIV-1 RNA detection rate in patients with and without opportunistic neurological disease during the HAART era
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Aleixo Agdemir W, Greco Dirceu B, Christo Paulo P, and Livramento Jose A
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background In the central nervous system, HIV replication can occur relatively independent of systemic infection, and intrathecal replication of HIV-1 has been observed in patients with HIV-related and opportunistic neurological diseases. The clinical usefulness of HIV-1 RNA detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with opportunistic neurological diseases, or the effect of opportunistic diseases on CSF HIV levels in patients under HAART has not been well defined. We quantified CSF and plasma viral load in HIV-infected patients with and without different active opportunistic neurological diseases, determined the characteristics that led to a higher detection rate of HIV RNA in CSF, and compared these two compartments. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 90 HIV-infected patients submitted to lumbar puncture as part of a work-up for suspected neurological disease. Seventy-one patients had active neurological diseases while the remaining 19 did not. Results HIV-1 RNA was quantified in 90 CSF and 70 plasma samples. The HIV-1 RNA detection rate in CSF was higher in patients with neurological diseases, in those with a CD4 count lower than 200 cells/mm3, and in those not receiving antiretroviral therapy, as well as in patients with detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA. Median viral load was lower in CSF than in plasma in the total population, in patients without neurological diseases, and in patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis, while no significant difference between the two compartments was observed for patients with cryptococcal meningitis and HIV-associated dementia. CSF viral load was lower in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and neurotoxoplasmosis under HAART than in those not receiving HAART. Conclusion Detection of HIV-1 RNA in CSF was more frequent in patients with neurological disease, a CD4 count lower than 200 cells/mm3 and detectable plasma HIV-1. Median HIV-1 RNA levels were generally lower in CSF than in plasma but some patients showed higher CSF levels, and no difference between these two compartments was observed in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and HIV-associated dementia, suggesting the presence of intrathecal viral replication in these patients. HAART played a role in the control of CSF HIV levels even in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and neurotoxoplasmosis in whom viral replication is potentially higher.
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- 2007
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5. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in infectious diseases of the nervous system: when to ask, what to ask, what to expect
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Machado, Luis dos Ramos, primary, Livramento, Jose Antonio, additional, and Vianna, Liliana Scaff, additional
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- 2013
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6. The history of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in Brazil
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Livramento, Jose Antonio, primary and Machado, Luis dos Ramos, additional
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- 2013
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7. Antiparasitic antibodies occur with similar frequency in patients with clinically established multiple sclerosis with or without oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid
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Fonseca-Papavero, Fabiana Cruz Gomes da, primary, Callegaro, Dagoberto, additional, Gama, Paulo Diniz da, additional, Livramento, Jose Antonio, additional, Vaz, Adelaide Jose, additional, and Machado, Luis dos Ramos, additional
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- 2013
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8. Clinical Course of LETM Associated with Neuroschistosomiasis (P03.253)
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Apostolos-Pereira, Samira, primary, Marchiori, Paulo, additional, Machado, Luis, additional, Livramento, Jose, additional, Gomes, Helio, additional, Lucato, Leandro, additional, and Callegaro, Dagoberto, additional
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- 2013
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9. Analysis of correlation between cerebrospinal fluid and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels in patients with neurological opportunistic diseases
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Christo, Paulo Pereira, primary, Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu, additional, Aleixo, Agdemir Waleria, additional, and Livramento, Jose António, additional
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- 2011
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10. Factors influencing cerebrospinal fluid and plasma HIV-1 RNA detection rate in patients with and without opportunistic neurological disease during the HAART era
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Christo, Paulo P, primary, Greco, Dirceu B, additional, Aleixo, Agdemir W, additional, and Livramento, Jose A, additional
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- 2007
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11. HIV-1 RNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma and their correlation with opportunistic neurological diseases in a Brazilian AIDS reference hospital
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Christo, Paulo P., primary, Greco, Dirceu B., additional, Aleixo, Agdemir W., additional, and Livramento, Jose A., additional
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- 2005
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12. Immunoblot with Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Neurocysticercosis using Antigen from Cysticerci of Taenia Solium and Taenia Crassiceps
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Vaz, Adelaide J., primary, Livramento, Jose A., additional, Ferreira, A. Walter, additional, Nunes, Celia M., additional, Da Silva, Marcos V., additional, Piazza, Roxane M. F., additional, and Nakamura, Paulo M., additional
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- 1997
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13. Factors influencing cerebrospinal fluid and plasma HIV-1 RNAdetection rate in patients with and without opportunisticneurological disease during the HAART era.
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Christo, Paulo P., Greco, Dirceu B., Aleixo, Agdemir W., and Livramento, Jose A.
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HIV infections ,RNA ,CEREBROSPINAL fluid ,BLOOD plasma ,OPPORTUNISTIC infections ,NEUROLOGICAL disorders ,HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy - Abstract
Background: In the central nervous system, HIV replication can occur relatively independent of systemic infection, and intrathecal replication of HIV-1 has been observed in patients with HIV-related and opportunistic neurological diseases. The clinical usefulness of HIV-1 RNA detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with opportunistic neurological diseases, or the effect of opportunistic diseases on CSF HIV levels in patients under HAART has not been well defined. We quantified CSF and plasma viral load in HIV-infected patients with and without different active opportunistic neurological diseases, determined the characteristics that led to a higher detection rate of HIV RNA in CSF, and compared these two compartments. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 90 HIV-infected patients submitted to lumbar puncture as part of a work-up for suspected neurological disease. Seventy-one patients had active neurological diseases while the remaining 19 did not. Results: HIV-1 RNA was quantified in 90 CSF and 70 plasma samples. The HIV-1 RNA detection rate in CSF was higher in patients with neurological diseases, in those with a CD4 count lower than 200 cells/mm
3 , and in those not receiving antiretroviral therapy, as well as in patients with detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA. Median viral load was lower in CSF than in plasma in the total population, in patients without neurological diseases, and in patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis, while no significant difference between the two compartments was observed for patients with cryptococcal meningitis and HIV-associated dementia. CSF viral load was lower in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and neurotoxoplasmosis under HAART than in those not receiving HAART. Conclusion: Detection of HIV-1 RNA in CSF was more frequent in patients with neurological disease, a CD4 count lower than 200 cells/mm³ and detectable plasma HIV-1. Median HIV-1 RNA levels were generally lower in CSF than in plasma but some patients showed higher CSF levels, and no difference between these two compartments was observed in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and HIV-associated dementia, suggesting the presence of intrathecal viral replication in these patients. HAART played a role in the control of CSF HIV levels even in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and neurotoxoplasmosis in whom viral replication is potentially higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2007
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14. Cysticercosis Immunodiagnosis Using 18- and 14-Kilodalton Proteins from Taenia crassicepsCysticercus Antigens Obtained by Immunoaffinity Chromatography
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Espi´ndola, Noeli Maria, Iha, Alberto Hiroshi, Fernandes, Irene, Takayanagui, Osvaldo Massaiti, Machado, Lui´s dos Ramos, Livramento, Jose´ Anto^nio, Mendes Maia, Anto^nio Augusto, Peralta, Jose´ Mauro, and Vaz, Adelaide Jose´
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ABSTRACTMonoclonal antibodies (MAb) against Taenia crassicepsand Taenia soliumcysticerci were produced and showed cross-reactivity with a 14-kDa protein from T. soliumand with 18- and 14-kDa proteins from T. crassiceps. These MAbs and antibodies from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as well as serum samples from patients with neurocysticercosis (NC) reacted with 18- and 14-kDa T. crassicepsproteins purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using a Sepharose column coupled with MAbs (anti-excretory/secretory or anti-vesicular fluid antigens). Immunoaffinity-purified 18- and 14-kDa proteins were used in the design of a diagnostic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies in 23 CSF and 20 serum samples from patients with NC, showing 100% sensitivity. The test specificity was determined using 42 noninflammatory CSF samples and 70 inflammatory CSF samples from patients with other neurological disorders (OND), showing 100% and 99.1% (confidence interval, 97.3% to 100%) specificity, respectively. A false-positive CSF sample result in the OND group was from a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with meningoencephalitis. By using serum samples from 194 healthy individuals, the specificity was 100%. Analysis of an additional 16 serum samples from individuals with other parasitic diseases (13 with intestinal parasitosis and 3 with schistosomiasis) showed negative results. Three (10%) serum samples from patients with hydatidosis were positive in our ELISA and in ELISA with T. soliumcysticerci antigens. Two of them were also positive by immunoblotting. The use of 18- and 14-kDa T. crassicepsimmunoaffinity-purified proteins for detection of anti-cysticercus antibodies in CSF and/or serum samples using an ELISA system showed a good performance and high specificity for serum samples, dispensing with the use of confirmatory tests, such as immunoblotting, for checking specificity.
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- 2005
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15. Cysticercus Antigens in Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples from Patients with Neurocysticercosis
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Pardini, Alessandra Xavier, Vaz, Adelaide Jose´, Machado, Luis Dos Ramos, and Livramento, Jose´ Anto^nio
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ABSTRACTAntigens were detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with neurocysticercosis (NC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using polyclonal sera of rabbit anti-Taenia soliumcysticerci (anti-Tso) and anti- Taenia crassicepscysticerci vesicular fluid (anti-Tcra or anti-Tcra <30 kDa). A group of NC patients (n= 174) were studied (NC), including 40 patients in different phases of the disease. ELISAs carried out with the anti-Tso, anti-Tcra, and anti-Tcra <30 kDa showed sensitivities of 81.2, 90, and 95.8% and specificities of 82, 98, and 100%, respectively. The 14- and 18-kDa low-molecular-weight peptides were only detected in CSF samples from patients with NC by immunoblotting with anti-Tso and anti-Tcra sera. Because of the importance of the diagnosis and prognosis of cysticercosis, the detection of antigens may contribute as an additional marker to the study and clarification of the parasite-host relationship.
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- 2001
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16. Specific Taenia crassicepsand Taenia soliumAntigenic Peptides for Neurocysticercosis Immunodiagnosis Using Serum Samples
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Bueno, Edne´ia Casagranda, Vaz, Adelaide Jose´, Machado, Lui´s Dos Ramos, Livramento, Jose´Anto^nio, and Mielle, Si´lvia Regina
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ABSTRACTNeurocysticercosis (NC), i.e., the presence of the larval form ofTaenia soliumin tissues, is the most frequent and severe infection involving the central nervous system. Paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with NC, CSF and serum samples from a control group, and serum samples from patients with other parasitoses were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by immunoblotting with Taenia crassicepsvesicular fluid antigen (Tcra) and Taenia soliumtotal saline antigen (Tso) for the detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies. ELISAs carried out with the Tso and Tcra antigens showed 94.1 and 95.6% sensitivities, respectively, for the detection of antibodies in CSF and 70.6% and 91.2% sensitivities, respectively, for the detection of antibodies in serum, with 100% specificity for the detection of antibodies in CSF and 80% specificity for the detection of antibodies in serum for both antigens. On the basis of the reactivities of the peptides in the samples analyzed, the peptides of =23, 39, 85 to 77, and 97 kDa were found to be Tso specific by immunoblotting and the peptides of =62, 74, 109, 121, and 131 kDa were found to be Tcra specific. Tests with Tcra extract had higher sensitivities and more homogeneous results and permitted us to obtain the parasites easily. We suggest the use of Tcra ELISA for the study of serum and confirmation of the results for sera positive by an immunoblotting analysis in which specific peptides (e.g., peptides of 19 to 13 kDa) are detected.
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- 2000
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17. Change the Qualis Criteria!
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Andriolo, Adagmar, Afonso Barbosa, Alfredo Jose, Hernandez, Arnaldo Jose, Camargos, Aroldo F., Barraviera, Benedito, Kadunc, Bogdana Victoria, Caramelli, Bruno, Brites, Carlos, Do Nascimento, Dejair Caitano, Braile, Domingo M., Goldenberg, Dov Charles, Baracat, Edmund Chada, Marchiori, Edson, Vieira, Eduardo Paula, Almeida, Eros Antonio, Machado, Flavia, Jotz, Geraldo Pereira, Kirsztajn, Gianna Mastroianni, Camanho, Gilberto, Gusso, Gustavo, Duarte, Ivomar Comes, Carvalho Costa, Izelda Maria, Mello Junior, Joao Ferreira, Faintuch, Joel, Baddini Martinez, Jose Antonio, Livramento, Jose Antonio, Ferreira Manson, Jose Eduardo, Cabral Filho, Jose Eulalio, Da Costa Montal, Jose Heverardo, Gomes Do Amaral, Jose Luiz, Martins, Jose Luiz, Andrade, Jurandyr Moreira, Monteiro Savassi, Leonardo Cancado, Machado, Luis Dos Ramos, Casulari, Luiz Augusto, Garcez Leme, Luiz Eugenio, Moreira, Luiz Felipe P., Gebrim, Luiz Henrique, Madeira, Marcelo, Riberto, Marcelo, Bastos, Marcus, Falcao, Mario Cicero, Da Conceicao, Mario J., Rocha E Silva, Mauricio, Ruiz, Milton Artur, Shibata, Milton K., Santiago, Mittermayer Barreto, Andreollo, Nelson Adami, nivaldo alonso, Malafaia, Osvaldo, Camargo, Olavo Pires, Pego Fernandes, Paulo Manuel, Garcia Martins, Regina Helena, Procianoy, Renato Soibelmann, Pinto Antunes, Ricardo Cesar, Fuller, Ricardo, Viebig, Ricardo Guilherme, Nitrini, Ricardo, Dedivitis, Rogerio, Damiao, Ronaldo, Monteiro, Rosangela, Lianza, Sergio, Rode, Sigmar Mello, Barros Filho, Tarcisio E. P., Chamon, Wallace, Yoshida, Winston Bonetti, and Handar, Zuher
18. CLINICAL COURSE OF LETM ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROSCHISTOSOMIASIS.
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Apostolos-Pereira, Samira, Marchiori, Paulo Euripedes, Machado, Luis, Livramento, Jose, Gomes, Helio Rodridues, Lucato, Leandro, and Callegaro, Dagoberto
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Background: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), a propagated subset of spinal cord (SC) inflammation, has a broad differential diagnosis, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and infections. Proper diagnosis is essential due to the critical role of a therapeutic approach. LETM may occur as a manifestation of neuroschistosomiasis in its clinical course. Schistosomiasis, with a prevalence of around 200 million people worldwide, represents an important diagnosis in a globalized world, where borders no longer restrict diseases and pathogens. Objectives: To report the clinical course of LETM associated with neuroschistosomiasis (NS). Methods: Prospective follow-up of patients from a cohort of LETM fulfilling definite diagnosis of NS (DNS) where schistosoma eggs found in SC biopsy; probable NS (PoNS) where presence of low thoracic or lumbar SC involvement, positive epidemiology plus demonstration of schistosomal infection; possible NS (PoNS) where only low thoracic or lumbar SC lesion and positive epidemiology were present. Exclusion criteria were: systemic disease associated with LETM and seropositivity for NMO-IgG. Results: A total of 16 consecutive patients with LETM fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for DNS(1), PrNS (9) or PoNS (6). All were non-caucasian and 11 were male (68%). Mean age: 30.9 years (range 17-51). Median time of follow-up: 3.5 years (range 0.5-6). MRI showed thoracic lesion (5), thoracolumbar (8) and entire spinal cord lesion (2). Cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated median 61.1 cell/mm3 (range 1-320), and 72.1 protein (range 27-254). Median extension of lesion: 10.5 vertebral segments (range 10 to 22). Four patients (25%) experienced corticosteroid-dependent relapse. Conclusions: LETM associated with NS may evolve with recurrence. We are unable to verify if recurrent LETM represents a propagated inflammation secondary to egg deposits or a sera-negative spectrum of NMO. Stricter criteria are necessary to distinguish infectious LETM of NMOSD. It is possible that parasite infection triggers an immune-mediated inflammatory cascade, justifying the corticosteroids dependent state in our patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
19. Esclerose multipla
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Brandão, Carlos Otávio, Santos, Leonilda Maria Barbosa dos, 1950, Damasceno, Benito Pereira, 1942, Livramento, Jose Antonio, Rocha, Fernando Coronetti Gomes da, Nucci, Anamarli, Oliveira, Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Multiple sclerosis ,Esclerose múltipla ,Imunoglobulinas ,Cerebrospinal fluid - Exam ,Cytokines ,Immunoglobulins ,Citocinas ,Liquido cefalorraquidiano - Exames ,Neuroimaging ,Neuroimagem - Abstract
Orientadores: Leonilda Maria Barbosa Santos, Benito Pereira Damasceno Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas Resumo: Esclerose múltipla é uma doença inflamatória crônica, desmielinizante e neurodegenerativa do sistema nervoso central (SNC) que apresenta intensa variabilidade clínica e prognóstico imprevisível. Este é um estudo prospectivo com o objetivo de investigar o perfil da resposta inflamatória e a neurodegeneração em uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros com esclerose múltipla, comparando marcadores no líquido cefalorraquiano (LCR) e na imagem por ressonância magnética (IRM) quantitativa. Um grupo de 54 pacientes com esclerose múltipla remitente-recorrente (EMRR) foi recrutado para este estudo, de acordo com os critérios diagnósticos de Poser. Os exames de IRM foram processados e as amostras de LCR coletadas durante o processo diagnóstico e após tratamento com imunomodulador (beta-interferona ou acetato de glatirâmer). IgG e albumina no LCR e soro foram analisadas pelo método da nefelometria e a pesquisa de bandas IgG oligoclonais (BO) pela focalização isoelétrica. Citocinas, anticorpos para o vírus Epstein-Barr (EBV) e proteínas Tau foram quantificados através de kits comerciais pelo método ELISA. Os exames de IRM foram realizados com a utilização de um programa semi-automático. Os resultados demonstraram que pacientes com EMRR, mesmo na fase de remissão, apresentam aumento na secreção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias no soro e LCR associados à síntese intratecal de IgG e ao aumento do número de leucócitos no LCR. Na IRM foram detectadas lesões desmielinizantes em 94.4% e a presença de bandas oligoclonais foi demonstrada em 83% dos pacientes. Durante a evolução da doença foi possível observar uma correlação positiva do índice IgG com o volume total de lesões na IRM e com o número de leucócitos no LCR. Os níveis de T-tau estavam elevados quando comparados com os indivíduos controle e atrofia cerebral foi observada desde o diagnóstico. A taxa anual de surtos e o nível de proteína T-tau no LCR foram reduzidos após o tratamento com imunomodulador, mas aumento da EDSS foi demonstrado em grande parte dos pacientes. Com base em todas as análises, nós podemos concluir que a avaliação da IRM quantitativa e dos biomarcadores de inflamação pode ser muito útil na monitorização dos pacientes com EM, mesmo nos períodos clinicamente estáveis Abstract: Quantitative MRI and CSF inflammatory mediators in a sample of brazilian multiple sclerosis population: a prospective study. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is referred to as a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating, and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), with a highly variable clinical course and prognosis. This is a prospective study to investigate the profile of inflammatory response and neurodegeneration in brazilian MS population by comparing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 54 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) were included in this study according to Poser criteria. MRIs were performed and CSF samples were collected both during the diagnostic process and after immunomodulator treatment (beta interferon and glatiramer acetate). IgG and albumin in the CSF and serum were measured by nephelometry and oligoclonal IgG bands were identified by isoelectrofocusing. Cytokines, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies and Tau proteins were quantified using commercial kits by ELISA. Brain MRI examinations were performed using a semi-automated local lesion threshold technique. The results demonstrated that patients with RRMS in stable phase of the disease reveal increase in the secretion of pro-inflamatory cytokines in both serum and CSF associated with the intrathecal synthesis of IgG and the number of leucocytes in the CSF. Demyelinating brain lesions were detected by MRI in 94.4% and the presence of oligoclonal bands were observed in 83% of patients. During the evolution of the disease, it was possible to establish a positive correlation of IgG index with total lesion volume and total leukocytes count. Increased CSF T-tau levels were found in MS as compared to controls and brain atrophy was observed since the diagnosis of disease. The both annual relapse rate and the level T-tau protein were significantly reduced after the treatment with IFNß, although many of the patients had presented an increased at EDSS. Taken together, we provide evidence that the study of MRI and the inflammatory parameters is an useful tool for monitorizing MS patients even in the stable form of the disease Doutorado Neurologia Doutor em Ciências Médicas
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- 2021
20. Neurotoxoplasmose
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Nascimento, Fernanda Santos, Rossi, Claudio Lucio, 1950, Livramento, Jose Antonio, Barros-Mazon, Silvia de, Garlipp, Celia Regina, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Cerebral toxoplasmosis ,Imunoglobulinas ,Reação em cadeia da polimerase ,Toxoplasmose cerebral ,Mental disorders ,Transtornos mentais ,Antibodies ,Polymerase chain reaction - Abstract
Orientador: Cláudio Lúcio Rossi Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Resumo: A neurotoxoplasmose é considerada uma grave complicação em pacientes com comprometimento do sistema imune e em crianças congenitamente infectadas pelo Toxoplasma gondii. O presente estudo abordou três aspectos da neurotoxoplasmose, o diagnóstico molecular, a resposta imune e a relação desta infecção com transtornos mentais. Com relação ao diagnóstico molecular, a eficiência das técnicas de nested-PCR (nPCR) e PCR convencional (PCRc) em detectar DNA do T. gondii foi avaliada em nove amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de pacientes com neurotoxoplasmose, cinco amostras de LCR de pacientes com outras desordens neurológicas (dois com neurocriptococose, dois com neurosífilis e um com neurocisticercose) e amostras artificiais contendo diferentes concentrações do parasito. A nPCR foi positiva em todos os nove pacientes com neurotoxoplasmose, enquanto a PCRc foi positiva em somente cinco casos. As duas técnicas de PCR foram negativas em LCR de pacientes com outras desordens neurológicas. Nas amostras artificiais, a concentração de taquizoítos detectada por nPCR foi dez vezes menor do que aquela detectada por PCRc. Para avaliar a resposta imune, anticorpos das subclasses da IgG anti-T. gondii foram pesquisados em 19 amostras de LCR de pacientes com neurotoxoplasmose, utilizando ELISA padronizada com uma preparação antigênica de cistos do parasito. Os anticorpos IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 e IgG4 foram detectados em 84,2%, 73,7%, 36,8% e 36,8% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as sensibilidades e as médias das absorbâncias das reações ELISA para IgG1 e IgG2, porém, as sensibilidades e as médias das absorbâncias das reações para essas duas subclasses foram significativamente maiores do que as encontradas nas reações ELISA para IgG3 e IgG4. A associação entre toxoplasmose e transtornos mentais foi investigada comparando as prevalências e/ou as concentrações dos anticorpos IgG, IgM e IgA anti-T. gondii, detectados por reações imunoenzimáticas, em amostras de soro de 41 pacientes com esquizofrenia, 38 pacientes com transtornos do humor e 95 voluntários sadios. Os anticorpos IgG foram detectados em 43,9% dos pacientes com esquizofrenia, 52,6% dos pacientes com transtornos do humor e 28,4% dos voluntários sadios. A prevalência da IgG e as concentrações desse anticorpo nos pacientes com transtornos do humor foram significativamente maiores do que as encontradas em voluntários sadios (p=0,0204 e p=0,0059, respectivamente). Por outro lado, não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nesses dois parâmetros entre pacientes com esquizofrenia e voluntários sadios ou entre os pacientes com esquizofrenia e transtornos do humor. Os anticorpos IgA foram detectados em um paciente (2,6%) com transtorno do humor e em um (1,1%) voluntário sadio, enquanto os anticorpos IgM foram detectados em dois pacientes (5,2%) com transtornos do humor. O presente estudo indica que a nPCR pode ser uma ferramenta potencialmente útil para a confirmação diagnóstica da infecção do sistema nervoso central pelo T. gondii e sugere que esse parasito poderia ser um dos possíveis fatores causais dos transtornos do humor. Estudos adicionais são necessários para compreender melhor a fisiopatologia da neurotoxoplasmose e sua associação com outras doenças Abstract: Neurotoxoplasmosis is considered a serious complication in patients with an impaired immune system and in children congenitally infected by Toxoplasma gondii. The present study addressed three aspects of neurotoxoplasmosis, namely, the molecular diagnosis, the immune response and the relationship of this infection to mental disorders. With regard to molecular diagnosis, the ability of nested-PCR (nPCR) and conventional PCR (cPCR) to detect T. gondii DNA was assessed in nine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with neurotoxoplasmosis, five CSF samples from patients with other neurological disorders (two with neurocryptococcosis, two with neurosyphilis and one with neurocysticercosis) and artificial samples containing different concentrations of the parasite. The nPCR was positive in all nine patients with neurotoxoplasmosis whereas the cPCR was positive in only five cases. Both PCR procedures were negative in CSF from patients with other neurologic disorders. In the artificial samples, the tachyzoite concentrations detected by nPCR were ten times lower than those detected by cPCR. To assess the immune response, 19 CSF samples from patients with neurotoxoplasmosis were screened for IgG subclass antibodies to T. gondii using an ELISA standardized with an antigenic preparation from parasite cysts. IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 antibody subclasses were detected in 84.2%, 73.7%, 36.8% and 36.8% of the patients, respectively. There were no significant differences in the ELISA sensitivities and mean absorbances for IgG1 and IgG2, whereas the sensitivities and mean absorbances for these two IgG subclasses were significantly higher than for IgG3 and IgG4. The association between toxoplasmosis and mental disorders was investigated by comparing the prevalences and/or the concentrations of anti-T. gondii IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies screened by immunoenzymatic reactions in serum samples from 41 patients with schizophrenia, 38 patients with mood disorders and 95 healthy volunteers. IgG antibodies were detected in 43.9% of patients with schizophrenia, 52.6% of patients with mood disorders and 28.4% of healthy individuals. The prevalence of IgG and the concentration of this antibody in patients with mood disorders were significantly greater than in healthy volunteers (p=0.0204 and p=0.0059, respectively). In contrast, there were no significant differences in these two parameters between patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers, or between patients with schizophrenia and patients with mood disorders. IgA antibodies were detected in one patient (2.6%) with mood disorders and in one (1.1%) healthy volunteer, whereas IgM antibodies were detected in two patients (5.2%) with mood disorders. The present study indicates that nPCR may be a potentially useful tool for the diagnosis of T. gondii infection of the central nervous system and suggests that this parasite could be a possible cause of mood disorders. Further studies are necessary to improve our understanding of the physiopathology of neurotoxoplasmosis and its association with other diseases Doutorado Ciências Biomédicas Doutor em Ciências Médicas
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- 2021
21. Resposta imune humoral na neurocisticercose
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Suzuki, Lisandra Akemi, Rossi, Claudio Lucio, 1950, Livramento, Jose Antonio, Gomes, Helio Rodrigues, Garlipp, Celia Regina, Mazon, Silvia de B., Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Imunoglobulina G ,IgM ,Imunoglobulinas ,IgG ,Neurocisticercose ,IgE ,Neurocysticercosis ,IgA ,Antibodies - Abstract
Orientador: Claudio Lucio Rossi Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas Resumo: A neurocisticercose (NC) e uma importante causa de doença neurológica em muitos paises em desenvolvimento, incluindo o Brasil. O diagnostico clinico da NC e dificultado pelo polimorfismo e pela não especificidade dos sintomas. As tecnicas de neuroimagem e pesquisa de anticorpos específicos tem contribuído para o diagnostico da NC e uma melhor compreensão dos processos fisiopatológicos dessa infecção. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio de técnicas imunoenzimaticas (ELISA), a resposta imune humoral na NC, utilizando como preparações antigênicas o liquido vesicular (LV) e uma fração glicoproteica obtida do extrato bruto de cisticercos de Taenia solium (T. solium) com afinidade por lentil-lectina (fração Gp). Cinquenta e seis amostras de liquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR), 22 de pacientes com NC e 34 de pacientes com outros problemas neurológicos, foram utilizadas para a pesquisa de IgG e suas subclasses, com os seguintes resultados: IgG-LV: 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade; IgG1 -LV: 72,73% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG2-LV: 81,81% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG3-LV: 59,09% de sensibilidade e 97,06% de especificidade; IgG4-LV: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,06% de especificidade; IgG-fração Gp: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,06% de especificidade; IgG1-fração Gp: 59,09% de sensibilidade e 91,18% de especificidade; IgG2-fração Gp: 68,18% de sensibilidade e 94,12% de especificidade; IgG3-fração Gp: 36,36% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG4-fração Gp: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade. Quarenta e sete amostras de LCR, 16 de pacientes com NC e 31 de pacientes com outros problemas neurológicos foram utilizadas para a pesquisa de IgE, com os seguintes resultados: IgE-LV e IgE-fração Gp: 93,75% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade. Cinquenta e sete amostras de soros, 22 de pacientes com NC, 18 de pacientes com outras infecções e 17 de pessoas presumivelmente sadias, foram utilizadas para a pesquisa da IgG e suas subclasses, IgE, IgA e IgM, com os seguintes resultados: IgG-LV: 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade; IgG1-LV: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 94,28% de especificidade; IgG2-LV: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgG3-LV: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgG4-LV: 100% de sensibilidade e de especificidade; IgG-fração Gp: 95,45% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG1-fração Gp: 63,64% de sensibilidade e 94,28% de especificidade; IgG2-fração Gp: 68,18% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgG3-fração Gp: 54,54% de sensibilidade e 88,57% de especificidade; IgG4-fração Gp: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgELV: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgE-fração Gp: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgA-LV: 54,54% de sensibilidade e 94,28% de especificidade; IgA-fração Gp: 13,63% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade. Anticorpos IgM não foram detectados com as preparações de LV e fração Gp. Nossos resultados mostraram que, com ambas as preparações antigênicas, tanto em amostras de LCR quanto em amostras de soros, a maior positividade foi obtida na detecção de anticorpos das classes IgG e IgE, seguida da positividade da IgA. Anticorpos IgM não foram detectados em amostras de soros com reações de ELISA realizadas com LV e fração Gp. Com relação as subclasses da IgG, a IgG4 apresentou, tanto em amostras de LCR como em amostras de soros, valores de positividade e concentração iguais ou superiores as outras subclasses. As reações ELISA realizadas com LV mostraram sensibilidades iguais ou superiores aquelas obtidas com a fração Gp. Considerando a complexidade e o custo final da obtenção da fração Gp, o LV pode ser considerado mais adequado para a pesquisa de anticorpos em amostras de LCR e soros de pacientes com NC. Abstract: Neurocysticercosis (NC) is an important cause of neurological disease in many developing countries, including Brazil. The clinical diagnosis of NC is hindered by the polymorphism and non-specificity of the symptoms. Neuroimaging techniques and detection of specific antibodies have contributed to the diagnosis of NC and a better understanding of the physiopathological processes of this infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the humoral immune response in NC by using immunoenzymatic techniques (ELISA) in which vesicular fluid (VF) and a glycoprotein fraction purified from a crude extract of Taenia solium cysticerci with affinity for lentil-lectin (fraction Gp) were used as antigenic preparations. Fifty-six cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, 22 from patients with NC and 34 from patients with other neurological disorders, were assayed for IgG and IgG subclasses, with the following results: IgG-VF: 100% sensitivity and specificity, IgG1 - VF: 72.73% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG2 -VF: 81.81% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG3 -VF: 59.09% sensitivity and 97.06% specificity, IgG4 -VF: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.06% specificity, IgG-fraction Gp: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.06% specificity, IgG1- fraction Gp: 59.09% sensitivity and 91.18% specificity, IgG2-fraction Gp: 68.18% sensitivity and 94.12% specificity, IgG3 -fraction Gp: 36.36% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG4 - fraction Gp: 86.36% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Forty-seven CSF samples, 16 from patients with NC and 31 from patients with other neurological disorders, were assayed for IgE, with the following results: IgE-VF and IgE-fraction Gp: 93.75% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Fifty-seven serum samples, 22 from patients with NC, 18 from patients with other infections and 17 from presumably healthy individuals, were assayed for IgG, IgG subclasses, IgE, IgA and IgM, with the following results: IgG-VF: 100% sensitivity and specificity, IgG1-VF: 86.36% sensitivity and 94.28% specificity, IgG2 -VF: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgG3 -VF: 86.36% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgG4 -VF:100% sensitivity and specificity, IgG-fraction Gp: 95.45% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG1- fraction Gp: 63.64% sensitivity and 94.28% specificity, IgG2 -fraction Gp: 68.18% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgG3 -fraction Gp: 54.54% sensitivity and 88.57% specificity, IgG4 - fraction Gp: 90.91% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgE-VF: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgE-fraction Gp: 86.36% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgA-VF: 54.54% sensitivity and 94.28% specificity, IgA-fraction Gp: 13.63% sensitivity and 100% specificity. No specific IgM antibodies were detected with VF and fraction Gp antigenic preparations. These results show that with the two antigenic preparations the highest positivity in CSF and serum samples was obtained for IgG and IgE antibodies, followed by positivity for IgA. No IgM antibodies were detected in serum samples assayed with VF and fraction Gp. With regard to IgG subclasses, IgG4 positivity and concentration in CSF and serum samples were higher than or equal to the other subclasses. ELISA reactions done with VF showed equal or higher sensitivities than those obtained with fraction Gp. Considering the complexity and high cost of obtaining fraction Gp, VF could be more suitable for detecting specific antibodies in CSF and serum samples from patients with NC. Doutorado Ciências Biomédicas Doutor em Ciências Médicas
- Published
- 2021
22. Estudo dos mecanismo pelos quais os linfocitos T TCR gama delta modulam a encefalomielite experimental autoimune
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Blanca Maria Diaz Bardales, Santos, Leonilda Maria Barbosa dos, 1950, Livramento, Jose Antonio, Tilbery, Charles Peter, Yano, Tomomasa, Machado, Dagmar Ruth Stach, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Autoimune - Abstract
Orientador : Leonilda M. B. dos Santos Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencas Medicas Resumo: Estudos realizados nos modelos experimentais e em humanos têm sugerido que as células autoreativas são constituintes normais do organismo. No entanto, essas células não invadem o órgão alvo e não dão início às reações auto-imunes; fato que não está completamente esclarecido, embora seja evidente que a supressão ativa por células regulatórias tenha um papel crítico. O papel dos agentes infecciosos na gênese das doenças autoimunes é amplamente conhecido. A pré-exposição a certos agentes infecciosos como Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) e as proteínas de choque térmico (hsp) componentes dos agentes infecciosos, contudo, pode ser benéfica e, em alguns casos, reduz a gravidade das doenças auto-imunes experimentais. O presente estudo mostra que o Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) ou antígenos derivados desse agente como o PPD e peptídeo de uma hsp de PPD (180-196) reduzem a gravidade da Encefalomielite Experimental Autoimune e a resposta proliferativa das células T encefalitogênicas. A modulação da doença,é devido, pelo menos em parte, à ativação do efeito supressor dos linfócitos que expressam o receptor para o antígeno gd. Estes linfócitos altamente purificados reduzem significativamente a doença se transferidos adotivamente, além disso, as células T ?? proliferam em resposta ao peptídeo de PPD (180-196) ou são estimuladas pela ativação direta do receptor ?? produzindo quantidades significativas do fator transformador de crescimento (TGFb). Sendo esta citocina conhecida pelo seu importante efeito imunossupressor, ao menos em parte, a supressão observada, pode ser atribuída ao aumento de produção do TGFb. Simultaneamente, a atividade citotóxica dos linfócitos T gd foi também testada durante o curso clínico da EAE. O número de células T gd e o índice de apoptose de células T auto-reativas aumentaram significativamente na fase de recuperação da EAE induzida em ratos Lewis e, após a co-cultura com células T gd, as células T auto-reativas perderam parte do seu efeito encefalitogênico e de sua capacidade blastogênica. Essa redução na encefalitogenicidade é devida, pelo menos em parte, à eliminação de células T auto-reativas por apoptose. Essas evidências sugerem que antígenos derivados dos antígenos micobacterianos, incluindo o peptídeo sintético, podem ser utilizados para estimular uma via imunoregulatória, contribuindo, dessa forma, na manutenção da tolerância ao próprio e reduzindo a ativação de clones auto-reativos indesejáveis Abstract: Studies in experimental animal models and in humans have suggested that autoreactive cells are normal constituents of the T-cell repertoire. Why these T cells do not invade their target organs and initiate autoimmune reactions is not completely understood, although it is increasingly evident that active suppression by regulatory cells plays a critical role. The role of infectious agents in the genesis of autoimmune diseases is widely recognized. The pre exposure to the heat shock protein components of infectious agents, such as Mycobacterial antigens, however, can be beneficial and, in certain instances, ameliorate experimental autoimmune diseases. The present study provides evidence that antigens derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt), such as Mt themselves, PPD and the peptide of PPD heat shock protein (180-196) reduces the severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encefalomyelitis and the proliferative response of encephalitogenic T cells. The modulation of the disease is due, at least in part, to the activation of suppressive effects of T lymphocytes that express the antigen receptor gd. Highly purified gd T lymphocytes reduce significantly the disease when adoptively transfer; moreover, gd T cells are activated to proliferate by the PPD(180-196) peptide, producing significant amounts of transforming growth factor (TGFb). Thus, the suppressive effect of gd T cells may, at least in part, be attributed to the TGFb they produce, since TGFb has well-documented immunosuppressive capabilities. Simultaneously, the direct effect of gd T cells on autoreactive T cells was also examined. The number of gd T cells and apoptosis of autoreactive T cells increased significantly in the recovery phase of the EAE induced in Lewis rats, and after co-culturing with gd T cells, autoreactive T cells loose some of their encephalitogenic effects and blastogenic capacity. This reduction in encephalitogenicity is due, at least in part, to the elimination of autoreactive T cells by apoptosis. Evidence provided here suggests that antigens derived from mycobacterial antigen, including a synthetic peptide with a conserved sequence of a HSP can be used to stimulate an immunoregulatory pathway, thus contributing to the maintenance of self-tolerance and reducing the activation of unwanted self-reactive clones Doutorado Ciências Básicas Doutor em Clínica Médica
- Published
- 2002
23. Avaliação de preparações antigenicas obtidas de cisticercos de Taenia solium e de Taenia crassiceps para o diagnostico sorologico da neurocisticercose
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Gisele Cristina Arruda, Rossi, Claudio Lucio, 1950, Livramento, Jose Antonio, Quagliato, Elizabeth Maria Aparecida Barasnevicius, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Cisticercose ,Sorologia ,Imunodiagnostico ,Antígenos - Abstract
Orientador: Claudio Lucio Rossi Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Resumo: A neurocisticercose é uma importante causa de doença neurológica em muitos países em desenvolvimento. O diagnóstico clínico da neurocisticercose é dificultado pelo polimorfismo e pela não especificidade dos sintomas. Os procedimentos de neuroimagem, como a tomografia computadorizada (TC) e a ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN), têm contribuído para um diagnóstico mais preciso e uma melhor compreensão dos processos patofisiológicos da neurocisticercose. Entretanto, o alto custo desses procedimentos tem limitado a sua utilização em países em desenvolvimento apresentando altas taxas de infecção. Nestas circunstâncias, a detecção de anticorpos específicos pode ser grande utilidade para o diagnóstico da neurocisticercose. A detecção de anticorpos anti-cisticercos em amostras de LCR é considerada um critério importante para o diagnóstico da neurocisticercose. Entretanto, a pesquisa de anticorpos específicos em amostras de soros apresenta algumas vantagens: o soro é obtido de uma maneira menos invasiva do que o LCR, estudos soroepidemiológicos podem mapear áreas endêmicas e a pesquisa de anticorpos em amostras de soros pode ser útil em estudos de reatividade cruzada. No presente estudo, a eficácia de sete preparações antigênicas, quatro de cisticercos de T. solium (extratos brutos total-TsoW, de membrana-TsoMe, de líquido vesicularTsoLVe de escólex-TsoEsc) e três de cisticercos de T. crassiceps (extratos brutos totalTcraW, de membrana-TcraMe e de líquido vesicular-TcraLV), foi avaliada para o diagnóstico sorológico da neurocisticercose usando uma técnica imunoenzimática (ELISA) quantitativa. Anticorpos IgG anti-cisticercos foram pesquisados em amostras de soros de 30 pacientes com neurocisticercose, 32 pacientes com outras infecções e 48 pessoas sadias. A técnica TsoW-ELISA apresentou 83% de sensibilidade e 89% de especificidade, enquanto que a sensibilidade e a especificidade da técnica TcraW-ELISA foram 67% e 86%, respectivamente. As especificidades das técnicas TsoMe-ELISA, TsoEsc-ELISA e TcraMeELISA foram, respectivamente, 91%, 89% e 78%, enquanto que a sensibilidade encontrada para os três ensaios foi 70%. O desempenho da técnica TsoL V -ELISA (80% de sensibilidade; 93% de especificidade) foi similar ao desempenho da técnica TsoW-ELISA, enquanto que o desempenho da técnica TcraLV-ELISA (77% de sensibilidade; 94% de especificidade) foi superior ao desempenho da técnica TcraW-ELISA Nenhuma das _preparações antigênicas utilizadas no presente estudo apresentou uma performance excepcional. Entretanto, considerando os resultados obtidos com todas as preparações antigênicas, o líquido vesicular de cisticercos de T. solium e T. crassiceps pode ser útil em reações imunológicas para a detecção de anticorpos específicos em soros de pacientes com neurocisticercose Abstract: Evaluation of Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps cysticercal antigens for the serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Neurocysticercosis is an important cause of neurological disease in many developing countries. The clinical diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is impaired by the polymorphism and nonspecificity of the symptoms. Neuroimaging techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have contributed to a more accurate diagnosis and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of neurocysticercosis. However, because of their high cost and restricted availability, these procedures may be of limited use in developing countries with high rates of infection. In these circumstances, the detection of cysticercus-specific antibodies is of considerable value for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. A positive immunological test for T. solium cysticercal antigens in CSF samples has been considered an important criterion for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. However, the use of serum samples for the immunodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis has some advantages: serum can be obtained in a less invasive manner than CSF, serum epidemiological studies can map areas of endemicity, and serum analysis can be very usefiil for cross-reactivity studies. In the present study, the usefulness of seven cysticercal antigen extracts, four from T. solium cysticerci (whole parasite-TsoW, membrane-TsoMe, vesicular fluid-TsoVF and scolex-TsoSc) and three from T. crassiceps cysticerci (whole parasite-TcraW, membrane-TcraMe and vesicular fluid-TcraVF), for serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cysticercus-specific IgG were screened in serum samples from 30 patients with neurocysticercosis, 32 patients with other infections and 48 healthy persons. The TsoW-ELISA showed 83% sensitivity and 89% specificity, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of the TcraW-ELISA were 67% and 86%, respectively. The specificities for the TsoMe-ELISA, TsoSc-ELISA and TcraMe-ELISA were, respectively, 91%, 89% and 78%, whereas the sensitivity for all three assays was 70%. The performance of the TsoW-ELISA (80% sensitivity; 93% specificity) was similar to that of the TsoW-ELISA, whereas the performance of the TcraVF-ELISA (77% sensitivity; 94% specificity) was superior to that of the TcraW-ELISA. None of the antigen preparations from T. solium and T. crassiceps cysticerci used in this study showed outstanding performance for the serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis. However, considering the results obtained with the seven antigen preparations, ¿ vesicular fluid from T. solium and T. crassiceps cysticerci may be useful for detecting specific antibodies in sera from patients with neurocysticercosis. Mestrado Ciências Biomédicas Mestre em Ciências Médicas
- Published
- 2002
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