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1. Coronal hole picoflare jets are the progenitors of both the fast and the Alfv\'enic slow solar wind

Author

Chitta, L. P., Huang, Z., D'Amicis, R., Calchetti, D., Zhukov, A. N., Kraaikamp, E., Verbeeck, C., Cuadrado, R. Aznar, Hirzberger, J., Berghmans, D., Horbury, T. S., Solanki, S. K., Owen, C. J., Harra, L., Peter, H., Schühle, U., Teriaca, L., Louarn, P., Livi, S., Giunta, A. S., Hassler, D. M., and Wang, Y. -M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The solar wind, classified by its bulk speed and the Alfv\'enic nature of its fluctuations, generates the heliosphere. The elusive physical processes responsible for the generation of the different types of the wind are a topic of active debate. Recent observations revealed intermittent jets with kinetic energy in the picoflare range, emerging from dark areas of a polar coronal hole threaded by open magnetic field lines. These could substantially contribute to the solar wind. However, their ubiquity and direct links to the solar wind have not been established. Here we report a unique set of remote-sensing and in-situ observations from the Solar Orbiter spacecraft, that establish a unified picture of the fast and Alfv\'enic slow wind, connected to the similar widespread picoflare jet activity in two coronal holes. Radial expansion of coronal holes ultimately regulates the speed of the emerging wind., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Online animations available at https://owncloud.gwdg.de/index.php/s/ytjcW4Um1I6W2oZ

Published
2024

2. Investigating Mercury's Environment with the Two-Spacecraft BepiColombo Mission

Author

Milillo, A., Fujimoto, M., Murakami, G., Benkhoff, J., Zender, J., Aizawa, S., Dósa, M., Griton, L., Heyner, D., Ho, G., Imber, S. M., Jia, X., Karlsson, T., Killen, R. M., Laurenza, M., Lindsay, S. T., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Mura, A., Raines, J. M., Rothery, D. A., André, N., Baumjohann, W., Berezhnoy, A., Bourdin, P. -A., Bunce, E. J., Califano, F., Deca, J., de la Fuente, S., Dong, C., Grava, C., Fatemi, S., Henri, P., Ivanovski, S. L., Jackson, B. V., James, M., Kallio, E., Kasaba, Y., Kilpua, E., Kobayashi, M., Langlais, B., Leblanc, F., Lhotka, C., Mangano, V., Martindale, A., Massetti, S., Masters, A., Morooka, M., Narita, Y., Oliveira, J. S., Odstrcil, D., Orsini, S., Pelizzo, M. G., Plainaki, C., Plaschke, F., Sahraoui, F., Seki, K., Slavin, J. A., Vainio, R., Wurz, P., Barabash, S., Carr, C. M., Delcourt, D., Glassmeier, K. -H., Grande, M., Hirahara, M., Huovelin, J., Korablev, O., Kojima, H., Lichtenegger, H., Livi, S., Matsuoka, A., Moissl, R., Moncuquet, M., Muinonen, K., Quèmerais, E., Saito, Y., Yagitani, S., Yoshikawa, I., and Wahlund, J. -E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with the solar wind, radiation, and interplanetary dust. Many scientific instruments onboard the two spacecraft will be completely, or partially devoted to study the near-space environment of Mercury as well as the complex processes that govern it. Many issues remain unsolved even after the MESSENGER mission that ended in 2015. The specific orbits of the two spacecraft, MPO and Mio, and the comprehensive scientific payload allow a wider range of scientific questions to be addressed than those that could be achieved by the individual instruments acting alone, or by previous missions. These joint observations are of key importance because many phenomena in Mercury's environment are highly temporally and spatially variable. Examples of possible coordinated observations are described in this article, analysing the required geometrical conditions, pointing, resolutions and operation timing of different BepiColombo instruments sensors., Comment: 78 pages, 14 figures, published

Published
2022
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3. Magnetic reconnection as a mechanism to produce multiple protonpopulations and beams locally in the solar wind

Author

Lavraud, B., Kieokaew, R., Fargette, N., Louarn, P., Fedorov, A., André, N., Fruit, G., Génot, V., Réville, V., Rouillard, A. P., Plotnikov, I., Penou, E., Barthe, A., Prech, L., Owen, C. J., Bruno, R., Allegrini, F., Berthomier, M., Kataria, D., Livi, S., Raines, J. M., D'Amicis, R., Eastwood, J. P., Froment, C., Laker, R., Maksimovic, M., Marcucci, F., Perri, S., Perrone, D., Phan, T. D., Stansby, D., Stawarz, J., Redondo, S. Toledo, Vaivads, A., Verscharen, D., Zouganelis, I., Angelini, V., Evans, V., Horbury, T. S., and O'brien, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Context. Spacecraft observations early revealed frequent multiple proton populations in the solar wind. Decades of research on their origin have focused on processes such as magnetic reconnection in the low corona and wave-particle interactions in the corona and locally in the solar wind.Aims.This study aims to highlight that multiple proton populations and beams are also produced by magnetic reconnection occurring locally in the solar wind. Methods. We use high resolution Solar Orbiter proton velocity distribution function measurements, complemented by electron and magnetic field data, to analyze the association of multiple proton populations and beams with magnetic reconnection during a period of slow Alfv\'enic solar wind on 16 July 2020. Results. At least 6 reconnecting current sheets with associated multiple proton populations and beams, including a case of magnetic reconnection at a switchback boundary, are found during this day. This represents 2% of the measured distribution functions. We discuss how this proportion may be underestimated, and how it may depend on solar wind type and distance from the Sun. Conclusions. Although suggesting a likely small contribution, but which remains to be quantitatively assessed, Solar Orbiter observations show that magnetic reconnection must be considered as one of the mechanisms that produce multiple proton populations and beams locally in the solar wind.

Published
2021
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4. Signatures of coronal hole substructure in the solar wind: combined Solar Orbiter remote sensing and in situ measurements

Author

Horbury, T. S., Laker, R., Rodriguez, L., Steinvall, K., Maksimovic, M., Livi, S., Berghmans, D., Auchere, F., Zhukov, A. N., Khotyaintsev, Yu. V., Woodham, L., Matteini, L., Stawarz, J., Woolley, T., Bale, S. D., Rouillard, A., O'Brien, H., Evans, V., Angelini, V., Owen, C., Solanki, S. K., Nicula, B., Muller, D., and Zouganelis, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Context. The Sun's complex corona is the source of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field. While the large scale morphology is well understood, the impact of variations in coronal properties on the scale of a few degrees on properties of the interplanetary medium is not known. Solar Orbiter, carrying both remote sensing and in situ instruments into the inner solar system, is intended to make these connections better than ever before. Aims. We combine remote sensing and in situ measurements from Solar Orbiter's first perihelion at 0.5 AU to study the fine scale structure of the solar wind from the equatorward edge of a polar coronal hole with the aim of identifying characteristics of the corona which can explain the in situ variations. Methods. We use in situ measurements of the magnetic field, density and solar wind speed to identify structures on scales of hours at the spacecraft. Using Potential Field Source Surface mapping we estimate the source locations of the measured solar wind as a function of time and use EUI images to characterise these solar sources. Results. We identify small scale stream interactions in the solar wind with compressed magnetic field and density along with speed variations which are associated with corrugations in the edge of the coronal hole on scales of several degrees, demonstrating that fine scale coronal structure can directly influence solar wind properties and drive variations within individual streams. Conclusions. This early analysis already demonstrates the power of Solar Orbiter's combined remote sensing and in situ payload and shows that with future, closer perihelia it will be possible dramatically to improve our knowledge of the coronal sources of fine scale solar wind structure, which is important both for understanding the phenomena driving the solar wind and predicting its impacts at the Earth and elsewhere., Comment: Submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2021

5. The Solar Orbiter Science Activity Plan: translating solar and heliospheric physics questions into action

Author

Zouganelis, I., De Groof, A., Walsh, A. P., Williams, D. R., Mueller, D., Cyr, O. C. St, Auchere, F., Berghmans, D., Fludra, A., Horbury, T. S., Howard, R. A., Krucker, S., Maksimovic, M., Owen, C. J., Rodriiguez-Pacheco, J., Romoli, M., Solanki, S. K., Watson, C., Sanchez, L., Lefort, J., Osuna, P., Gilbert, H. R., Nieves-Chinchilla, T., Abbo, L., Alexandrova, O., Anastasiadis, A., Andretta, V., Antonucci, E., Appourchaux, T., Aran, A., Arge, C. N., Aulanier, G., Baker, D., Bale, S. D., Battaglia, M., Rubio, L. Bellot, Bemporad, A., Berthomier, M., Bocchialini, K., Bonnin, X., Brun, A. S., Bruno, R., Buchlin, E., Buechner, J., Bucik, R., Carcaboso, F., Carr, R., Carrasco-Blazquez, I., Cecconi, B., Cangas, I. Cernuda, Chen, C. H. K., Chitta, L. P., Chust, T., Dalmasse, K., D'Amicis, R., Da Deppo, V., De Marco, R., Dolei, S., Dolla, L., de Wit, T. Dudok, van Driel-Gesztelyi, L., Eastwood, J. P., Lara, F. Espinosa, Etesi, L., Fedorov, A., Felix-Redondo, F., Fineschi, S., Fleck, B., Fontaine, D., Fox, N. J., Gandorfer, A., Genot, V., Georgoulis, M. K., Gissot, S., Giunta, A., Gizon, L., Gomez-Herrero, R., Gontikakis, C., Graham, G., Green, L., Grundy, T., Haberreiter, M., Harra, L. K., Hassler, D. M., Hirzberger, J., Ho, G. C., Hurford, G., Innes, D., Issautier, K., James, A. W., Janitzek, N., Janvier, M., Jeffrey, N., Jenkins, J., Khotyaintsev, Y., Klein, K. -L., Kontar, E. P., Kontogiannis, I., Krafft, C., Krasnoselskikh, V., Kretzschmar, M., Labrosse, N., Lagg, A., Landini, F., Lavraud, B., Leon, I., Lepri, S. T., Lewis, G. R., Liewer, P., Linker, J., Livi, S., Long, D. M., Louarn, P., Malandraki, O., Maloney, S., Martinez-Pillet, V., Martinovic, M., Masson, A., Matthews, S., Matteini, L., Meyer-Vernet, N., Moraitis, K., Morton, R. J., Musset, S., Nicolaou, G., Nindos, A., O'Brien, H., Suarez, D. Orozco, Owens, M., Pancrazzi, M., Papaioannou, A., Parenti, S., Pariat, E., Patsourakos, S., Perrone, D., Peter, H., Pinto, R. F., Plainaki, C., Plettemeier, D., Plunkett, S. P., Raines, J. M., Raouafi, N., Reid, H., Retino, A., Rezeau, L., Rochus, P., Rodriguez, L., Rodriguez-Garcia, L., Roth, M., Rouillard, A. P., Sahraoui, F., Sasso, C., Schou, J., Schuehle, U., Sorriso-Valvo, L., Soucek, J., Spadaro, D., Stangalini, M., Stansby, D., Steller, M., Strugarek, A., Stverak, S., Susino, R., Telloni, D., Terasa, C., Teriaca, L., Toledo-Redondo, S., Iniesta, J. C. del Toro, Tsiropoula, G., Tsounis, A., Tziotziou, K., Valentini, F., Vaivads, A., Vecchio, A., Velli, M., Verbeeck, C., Verdini, A., Verscharen, D., Vilmer, N., Vourlidas, A., Wicks, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Wiegelmann, T., Young, P. R., and Zhukov, A. N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Solar Orbiter is the first space mission observing the solar plasma both in situ and remotely, from a close distance, in and out of the ecliptic. The ultimate goal is to understand how the Sun produces and controls the heliosphere, filling the Solar System and driving the planetary environments. With six remote-sensing and four in-situ instrument suites, the coordination and planning of the operations are essential to address the following four top-level science questions: (1) What drives the solar wind and where does the coronal magnetic field originate? (2) How do solar transients drive heliospheric variability? (3) How do solar eruptions produce energetic particle radiation that fills the heliosphere? (4) How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere? Maximising the mission's science return requires considering the characteristics of each orbit, including the relative position of the spacecraft to Earth (affecting downlink rates), trajectory events (such as gravitational assist manoeuvres), and the phase of the solar activity cycle. Furthermore, since each orbit's science telemetry will be downloaded over the course of the following orbit, science operations must be planned at mission level, rather than at the level of individual orbits. It is important to explore the way in which those science questions are translated into an actual plan of observations that fits into the mission, thus ensuring that no opportunities are missed. First, the overarching goals are broken down into specific, answerable questions along with the required observations and the so-called Science Activity Plan (SAP) is developed to achieve this. The SAP groups objectives that require similar observations into Solar Orbiter Observing Plans (SOOPs), resulting in a strategic, top-level view of the optimal opportunities for science observations during the mission lifetime., Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2020
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6. The Solar Orbiter mission -- Science overview

Author

Müller, D., Cyr, O. C. St., Zouganelis, I., Gilbert, H. R., Marsden, R., Nieves-Chinchilla, T., Antonucci, E., Auchère, F., Berghmans, D., Horbury, T., Howard, R. A., Krucker, S., Maksimovic, M., Owen, C. J., Rochus, P., Rodriguez-Pacheco, J., Romoli, M., Solanki, S. K., Bruno, R., Carlsson, M., Fludra, A., Harra, L., Hassler, D. M., Livi, S., Louarn, P., Peter, H., Schühle, U., Teriaca, L., Iniesta, J. C. del Toro, Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Marsch, E., Velli, M., De Groof, A., Walsh, A., and Williams, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme and a mission of international collaboration between ESA and NASA, will explore the Sun and heliosphere from close up and out of the ecliptic plane. It was launched on 10 February 2020 04:03 UTC from Cape Canaveral and aims to address key questions of solar and heliospheric physics pertaining to how the Sun creates and controls the Heliosphere, and why solar activity changes with time. To answer these, the mission carries six remote-sensing instruments to observe the Sun and the solar corona, and four in-situ instruments to measure the solar wind, energetic particles, and electromagnetic fields. In this paper, we describe the science objectives of the mission, and how these will be addressed by the joint observations of the instruments onboard. The paper first summarises the mission-level science objectives, followed by an overview of the spacecraft and payload. We report the observables and performance figures of each instrument, as well as the trajectory design. This is followed by a summary of the science operations concept. The paper concludes with a more detailed description of the science objectives. Solar Orbiter will combine in-situ measurements in the heliosphere with high-resolution remote-sensing observations of the Sun to address fundamental questions of solar and heliospheric physics. The performance of the Solar Orbiter payload meets the requirements derived from the mission's science objectives. Its science return will be augmented further by coordinated observations with other space missions and ground-based observatories., Comment: 32 pages, 30 figures; accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2020
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7. Effect of centre volume on pathological outcomes and postoperative complications after surgery for colorectal cancer: results of a multicentre national study

Author

Rottoli, M, Spinelli, A, Pellino, G, Gori, A, Calini, G, Flacco, M, Manzoli, L, Poggioli, G, Romano, A, Belvedere, A, Lanci, A, Parlanti, D, Vago, G, Pezzuto, A, Canavese, A, Dajti, G, Cardelli, S, Catalioto, C, Russo, I, Violante, T, Morezzi, D, Maurino, L, Filippone, E, Cuicchi, D, Bernante, P, Jovine, E, Lombardi, R, Masetti, M, Cipressi, C, Offi, M, Larotonda, C, Puglisi, S, Barbosa, A, Vaiana, R, Bianchi, P, Tonti, C, Codignola, C, Zorcolo, L, Restivo, A, Deidda, S, Marchetti, M, Ippolito, L, Spolverato, G, Pucciarelli, S, Marchegiani, F, Ghio, G, Zagolin, G, Glavas, D, Tomassi, M, Rosati, R, Elmore, U, Gozzini, L, Calef, R, Puccetti, F, Cossu, A, Vignali, A, Morino, M, Allaix, M, Cannata, G, Lombardi, E, Ammirati, C, Piceni, C, Buccianti, P, Balestri, R, Puccini, M, Pezzati, D, D'Ischia, R, Asta, V, Sargenti, B, Taddei, G, Bonari, F, Boni, G, Ferrero, A, Mineccia, M, Gonella, F, Palisi, M, Danese, F, Cherubini, V, Perotti, S, Carvello, M, Carbone, F, Luberto, A, Calafiore, E, De Lucia, F, Sacchi, M, Sasia, D, Giuffrida, M, Ballauri, E, Cardile, M, Armentano, S, Beltrami, E, Preve, G, Vercellone, B, Mozzon, M, Folliero, C, Lirusso, C, Vecchiato, M, Ziccarelli, A, Gattesco, D, Moretti, L, Crestale, S, Banchini, F, Capelli, P, Romboli, A, Palmieri, G, Conti, L, Rizzi, N, Bonfili, D, De Manzini, N, Germani, P, Osenda, E, Cortinovis, S, Giunta, C, Fracon, S, Abdallah, H, Bogoni, S, Portolani, N, Nascimbeni, R, Molfino, S, Tiberio, G, Garosio, I, Lamperti, G, Rigosa, D, Ercolani, G, Solaini, L, Cavaliere, D, Avanzolini, A, D'Acapito, F, Chiarella, L, Di Pietrantonio, D, Annunziata, D, Piccolo, R, Sorrentino, M, Pansini, M, Cojutti, A, Graziano, M, Callegari, F, Balzarotti, L, Dameno, V, Cattaneo, A, Santolamazza, G, Altieri, C, Magarini, R, Pietrabissa, A, Dominioni, T, Pugliese, L, Peri, A, Botti, M, Salvetti, F, Boni, L, Cassinotti, E, Baldari, L, Messina, V, D'Abrosca, V, Cianci, P, Tumolo, R, Gattulli, D, Restini, E, Minafra, M, Sederino, M, Bottalico, B, Pilati, P, Franzato, B, Mattara, G, De Simoni, O, Barina, A, Tonello, M, Muratore, A, Calabro, M, Federico Pipitone, N, Cuzzola, B, Van Nood, E, Passuello, N, Frasson, A, Mammano, E, Faccio, L, Vittadello, F, Bressan, A, Sarzo, G, Tamini, N, Oldani, M, Cigagna, L, Carissimi, F, De Carlo, G, Baccalini, E, Nespoli, L, Giordano, A, Cantafio, S, Grifoni, L, Matani, D, Livi, S, Delogu, D, Scognamillo, F, Marrosu, A, Guerrini, L, Ugolini, G, Ghignone, F, Frascaroli, G, Albertini, N, Zattoni, D, Taffurelli, G, Montroni, I, Colombo, F, Danelli, P, Bondurri, A, Maffioli, A, Bonomi, A, Pezzoli, I, Cammarata, F, Goletti, O, Molteni, M, Assisi, A, Quartierini, G, Da Lio, C, Verdi, D, Mondi, I, Peluso, C, Macchi, L, Tanzanu, M, Zanzi, F, Pellegrini, S, Andreuccetti, J, D'Alessio, R, Pignata, G, De Capua, M, Canfora, I, Ottaviani, L, Lepiane, P, Balla, A, De Carlo, A, Saraceno, F, Scaramuzzo, R, Guida, A, Aguzzi, D, Bellora, P, Gentilli, S, Monni, M, Nikaj, H, Cillara, N, Cannavera, A, Deserra, A, Margiani, C, Cabula, R, Dettori, M, Gramignano, G, Lezoche, G, Ortenzi, M, Orlandoni, E, Curzi, F, Vitali, F, Capomagi, P, Palmieri, M, Del Rio, P, Bonati, E, Loderer, T, Cozzani, F, Rossini, M, Agnesi, S, Capolupo, G, Caricato, M, Carannante, F, Masciana, G, Marrelli, M, Miacci, V, Lauricella, S, Tonini, V, Cervellera, M, Pisconti, S, Lozito, C, Shahu, J, Mongelli, C, Morelli, G, Sartarelli, L, Sica, G, Siragusa, L, Bagaglini, G, Franceschilli, M, Bellato, V, Fiorani, C, Taddei, A, Risaliti, M, Bartolini, I, Ringressi, M, Tirloni, L, Laface, L, Abate, E, Casati, M, Gobbi, P, Opocher, E, Mariani, N, Ceretti, A, Giovenzana, M, Giuliani, B, Sironi, M, Grossi, U, Zanus, G, Santoro, G, Brizzolari, M, De Leo, E, Novello, S, Aquilino, K, Milardi, F, Olmi, S, Uccelli, M, Bonaldi, M, Cesana, G, Bindi, M, Galleano, R, Langone, A, Botto, M, Franceschi, A, Gambino, E, Ronconi, M, Casiraghi, S, Casole, G, Ciulla, S, Terrosu, G, Calandra, S, Scarpa, E, Cherchi, V, Martinuzzo, L, Clocchiatti, L, Muschitiello, D, Romanzi, A, Vignati, B, Vannelli, A, Scolaro, R, Milanesi, M, Rossi, F, Canonico, G, Anastasi, A, Nelli, T, Barlettai, M, Fratarcangeli, R, Di Martino, C, Damigella, A, Adinolfi, E, Birindelli, A, Taglietti, L, Dester, S, Fleres, F, Cucinotta, E, Viscosi, F, Biondo, S, Badessi, G, Catarsini, N, Mazzeo, C, Rega, D, Delrio, P, Cervone, C, Aversano, A, De Franciscis, S, Di Marzo, M, Marra, B, Pace, U, Amato, A, Batistotti, P, Mina, E, Serventi, A, Lapolla, P, Mingoli, A, Sapienza, P, Brachini, G, Cirillo, B, Fiori, E, Crocetti, D, Clementi, I, Martines, G, Picciariello, A, Tomasicchio, G, Dibra, R, Trigiante, G, Rinaldi, M, Lantone, G, Porcu, A, Perra, T, Scanu, A, Feo, C, Fancellu, A, Cossu, M, Ginesu, G, Patriti, A, Coletta, D, Petrelli, F, Greco, P, Spadoni, C, Cassiani, G, Bianchini, F, Arganini, M, Bianchini, M, Perotti, B, Palmeri, M, Scabini, S, Deiana, S, Carganico, G, Pertile, D, Soriero, D, Fioravanti, E, Sperotto, B, Nardo, B, Paglione, D, Crocco, V, Doni, M, Osso, M, Perri, R, Sampietro, G, Corbellini, C, Lorusso, L, Manzo, C, Cigognini, M, Baldi, C, Palomba, G, Aprea, G, Capuano, M, Basile, R, Tutino, R, Massani, M, Marinelli, L, Canitano, N, Pilia, T, Podda, M, Pisanu, A, Murzi, V, Incani, S, Frongia, F, Esposito, G, Luglio, G, Tropeano, F, Pagano, G, Spina, E, De Simone, G, Cricri, M, Catena, F, Vallicelli, C, Zanini, N, Ronconi, D, Favi, F, Mazzucchelli, C, Convertini, G, Vincenti, L, Andriola, V, Bizzoca, C, Fabbri, N, Fazzin, M, Pesce, A, Gennari, S, Torchiaro, M, Severi, S, Frontali, A, Bracchetti, G, Granieri, S, Cotsoglou, C, Carlini, M, Lisi, G, Spoletini, D, Mastrangeli, M, Campanelli, M, Manigrasso, M, Milone, M, De Palma, G, Vertaldi, S, Chini, A, Maione, F, Marello, A, Selvaggi, F, Sciaudone, G, Selvaggi, L, Tasselli, F, Fuschillo, G, Oddis, L, Grande, S, Grande, M, Ascanelli, S, Chimisso, L, Aisoni, F, Rossin, E, Pepe, F, Marchetti, F, Picardi, B, Rossi, S, Del Monte, S, Picarelli, M, Muttillo, I, Ratto, C, Marra, A, Parello, A, Litta, F, Campenni, P, De Simone, V, Pata, F, Riboni, C, Rausa, E, Celentano, V, Rottoli M., Spinelli A., Pellino G., Gori A., Calini G., Flacco M. E., Manzoli L., Poggioli G., Romano A., Belvedere A., Lanci A. L., Parlanti D., Vago G., Pezzuto A. P., Canavese A., Dajti G., Cardelli S., Catalioto C., Russo I. S., Violante T., Morezzi D., Maurino L., Filippone E., Cuicchi D., Bernante P., Jovine E., Lombardi R., Masetti M., Cipressi C., Offi M. F., Larotonda C., Puglisi S. B., Barbosa A., Vaiana R., Bianchi P. M., Tonti C., Codignola C., Zorcolo L., Restivo A., Deidda S., Marchetti M. E., Ippolito L., Spolverato G., Pucciarelli S., Marchegiani F., Ghio G., Zagolin G., Glavas D., Tomassi M., Rosati R., Elmore U., Gozzini L., Calef R., Puccetti F., Cossu A., Vignali A., Morino M., Allaix M. E., Cannata G., Lombardi E., Ammirati C. A., Piceni C., Buccianti P., Balestri R., Puccini M., Pezzati D., D'Ischia R., Asta V. F., Sargenti B., Taddei G., Bonari F., Boni G., Ferrero A., Mineccia M., Gonella F., Palisi M., Danese F., Cherubini V., Perotti S., Carvello M., Carbone F., Luberto A., Calafiore E., De Lucia F., Sacchi M., Sasia D., Giuffrida M. C., Ballauri E., Cardile M., Armentano S., Beltrami E., Preve G., Vercellone B., Mozzon M., Folliero C., Lirusso C., Vecchiato M., Ziccarelli A., Gattesco D., Moretti L., Crestale S., Banchini F., Capelli P., Romboli A., Palmieri G., Conti L., Rizzi N., Bonfili D., De Manzini N., Germani P., Osenda E., Cortinovis S., Giunta C., Fracon S., Abdallah H., Bogoni S., Portolani N., Nascimbeni R., Molfino S., Tiberio G. A. M., Garosio I., Lamperti G., Rigosa D., Ercolani G., Solaini L., Cavaliere D., Avanzolini A., D'Acapito F., Chiarella L. L., Di Pietrantonio D., Annunziata D., Piccolo R., Sorrentino M., Pansini M., Cojutti A., Graziano M., Callegari F., Balzarotti L., Dameno V. R., Cattaneo A., Santolamazza G., Altieri C., Magarini R., Pietrabissa A., Dominioni T., Pugliese L., Peri A., Botti M., Salvetti F., Boni L., Cassinotti E., Baldari L., Messina V., D'Abrosca V., Cianci P., Tumolo R., Gattulli D., Restini E., Minafra M., Sederino M. G., Bottalico B., Pilati P., Franzato B., Mattara G., De Simoni O., Barina A., Tonello M., Muratore A., Calabro M., Federico Pipitone N. S., Cuzzola B., Van Nood E. H., Passuello N., Frasson A., Mammano E., Faccio L., Vittadello F., Bressan A., Sarzo G., Tamini N., Oldani M., Cigagna L., Carissimi F., De Carlo G., Baccalini E., Nespoli L., Giordano A., Cantafio S., Grifoni L., Matani D., Livi S., Delogu D., Scognamillo F., Marrosu A., Guerrini L., Ugolini G., Ghignone F., Frascaroli G., Albertini N., Zattoni D., Taffurelli G., Montroni I., Colombo F., Danelli P., Bondurri A., Maffioli A., Bonomi A., Pezzoli I., Cammarata F., Goletti O., Molteni M., Assisi A., Quartierini G., Da Lio C., Verdi D., Mondi I., Peluso C., MacChi L., Tanzanu M., Zanzi F., Pellegrini S., Andreuccetti J., D'Alessio R., Pignata G., De Capua M., Canfora I., Ottaviani L., Lepiane P., Balla A., De Carlo A., Saraceno F., Scaramuzzo R., Guida A., Aguzzi D., Bellora P., Gentilli S., Monni M., Nikaj H., Cillara N., Cannavera A., Deserra A., Margiani C., Cabula R., Dettori M., Gramignano G., Lezoche G., Ortenzi M., Orlandoni E. S., Curzi F., Vitali F., Capomagi P., Palmieri M., Giuffrida M., Del Rio P., Bonati E., Loderer T., Cozzani F., Rossini M., Agnesi S., Capolupo G. T., Caricato M., Carannante F., Masciana G., Marrelli M., Miacci V., Lauricella S., Tonini V., Cervellera M., Pisconti S., Lozito C., Shahu J., Mongelli C., Morelli G., Sartarelli L., Sica G. S., Siragusa L., Bagaglini G., Guida A. M., Franceschilli M., Bellato V., Fiorani C., Taddei A., Risaliti M., Bartolini I., Ringressi M. N., Tirloni L., Laface L., Abate E., Casati M., Gobbi P., Opocher E., Mariani N. M., Ceretti A. P., Giovenzana M., Giuliani B., Sironi M., Grossi U., Zanus G., Santoro G. A., Brizzolari M., De Leo E., Novello S., Aquilino K., Milardi F., Olmi S., Uccelli M., Bonaldi M., Cesana G. C., Bindi M., Galleano R., Langone A., Botto M., Franceschi A., Gambino E., Ronconi M., Casiraghi S., Casole G., Ciulla S. L., Terrosu G., Calandra S., Scarpa E., Cherchi V., Martinuzzo L., Clocchiatti L., Muschitiello D., Romanzi A., Vignati B., Vannelli A., Scolaro R., Milanesi M., Rossi F., Canonico G., Anastasi A., Nelli T., Barlettai M., Fratarcangeli R., Di Martino C., Damigella A., Adinolfi E., Birindelli A., Taglietti L., Dester S. E., Fleres F., Cucinotta E., Viscosi F., Biondo S. A., Badessi G., Catarsini N., Mazzeo C., Rega D., Delrio P., Cervone C., Aversano A., De Franciscis S., Di Marzo M., Marra B., Pace U., Amato A., Batistotti P., Mina E., Serventi A., Lapolla P., Mingoli A., Sapienza P., Brachini G., Cirillo B., Fiori E., Crocetti D., Clementi I., Martines G., Picciariello A., Tomasicchio G., Dibra R., Trigiante G., Rinaldi M., Lantone G., Porcu A., Perra T., Scanu A. M., Feo C. F., Fancellu A., Cossu M. L., Ginesu G. C., Patriti A., Coletta D., Petrelli F., Greco P. A., Spadoni C., Cassiani G., Bianchini F., Arganini M., Bianchini M., Perotti B., Palmeri M., Scabini S., Deiana S., Carganico G., Pertile D., Soriero D., Fioravanti E., Sperotto B., Nardo B., Paglione D., Crocco V., Doni M., Osso M., Perri R., Sampietro G. M., Corbellini C., Lorusso L., Manzo C. A., Cigognini M., Baldi C., Palomba G., Aprea G., Capuano M., Basile R., Tutino R., Massani M., Marinelli L., Canitano N., Pilia T., Podda M., Pisanu A., Murzi V., Incani S., Frongia F., Esposito G., Luglio G., Tropeano F. P., Pagano G., Spina E., De Simone G., Cricri M., Catena F., Vallicelli C., Zanini N., Ronconi D., Favi F., Mazzucchelli C., Convertini G., Vincenti L., Andriola V., Bizzoca C., Feo C. V., Fabbri N., Fazzin M., Pesce A., Gennari S., Torchiaro M., Severi S., Frontali A., Bracchetti G., Granieri S., Cotsoglou C., Carlini M., Lisi G., Spoletini D., Mastrangeli M. R., Campanelli M., Manigrasso M., Milone M., De Palma G. D., Vertaldi S., Chini A., Maione F., Marello A., Selvaggi F., Sciaudone G., Selvaggi L., Tasselli F. M., Fuschillo G., Oddis L., Grande S., Grande M., Ascanelli S., Chimisso L., Aisoni F., Rossin E., Pepe F., Marchetti F., Picardi B., Rossi S., Del Monte S. R., Picarelli M., Muttillo I. A., Ratto C., Marra A. A., Parello A., Litta F., Campenni P., De Simone V., Pata F., Riboni C., Rausa E., Celentano V., Rottoli, M, Spinelli, A, Pellino, G, Gori, A, Calini, G, Flacco, M, Manzoli, L, Poggioli, G, Romano, A, Belvedere, A, Lanci, A, Parlanti, D, Vago, G, Pezzuto, A, Canavese, A, Dajti, G, Cardelli, S, Catalioto, C, Russo, I, Violante, T, Morezzi, D, Maurino, L, Filippone, E, Cuicchi, D, Bernante, P, Jovine, E, Lombardi, R, Masetti, M, Cipressi, C, Offi, M, Larotonda, C, Puglisi, S, Barbosa, A, Vaiana, R, Bianchi, P, Tonti, C, Codignola, C, Zorcolo, L, Restivo, A, Deidda, S, Marchetti, M, Ippolito, L, Spolverato, G, Pucciarelli, S, Marchegiani, F, Ghio, G, Zagolin, G, Glavas, D, Tomassi, M, Rosati, R, Elmore, U, Gozzini, L, Calef, R, Puccetti, F, Cossu, A, Vignali, A, Morino, M, Allaix, M, Cannata, G, Lombardi, E, Ammirati, C, Piceni, C, Buccianti, P, Balestri, R, Puccini, M, Pezzati, D, D'Ischia, R, Asta, V, Sargenti, B, Taddei, G, Bonari, F, Boni, G, Ferrero, A, Mineccia, M, Gonella, F, Palisi, M, Danese, F, Cherubini, V, Perotti, S, Carvello, M, Carbone, F, Luberto, A, Calafiore, E, De Lucia, F, Sacchi, M, Sasia, D, Giuffrida, M, Ballauri, E, Cardile, M, Armentano, S, Beltrami, E, Preve, G, Vercellone, B, Mozzon, M, Folliero, C, Lirusso, C, Vecchiato, M, Ziccarelli, A, Gattesco, D, Moretti, L, Crestale, S, Banchini, F, Capelli, P, Romboli, A, Palmieri, G, Conti, L, Rizzi, N, Bonfili, D, De Manzini, N, Germani, P, Osenda, E, Cortinovis, S, Giunta, C, Fracon, S, Abdallah, H, Bogoni, S, Portolani, N, Nascimbeni, R, Molfino, S, Tiberio, G, Garosio, I, Lamperti, G, Rigosa, D, Ercolani, G, Solaini, L, Cavaliere, D, Avanzolini, A, D'Acapito, F, Chiarella, L, Di Pietrantonio, D, Annunziata, D, Piccolo, R, Sorrentino, M, Pansini, M, Cojutti, A, Graziano, M, Callegari, F, Balzarotti, L, Dameno, V, Cattaneo, A, Santolamazza, G, Altieri, C, Magarini, R, Pietrabissa, A, Dominioni, T, Pugliese, L, Peri, A, Botti, M, Salvetti, F, Boni, L, Cassinotti, E, Baldari, L, Messina, V, D'Abrosca, V, Cianci, P, Tumolo, R, Gattulli, D, Restini, E, Minafra, M, Sederino, M, Bottalico, B, Pilati, P, Franzato, B, Mattara, G, De Simoni, O, Barina, A, Tonello, M, Muratore, A, Calabro, M, Federico Pipitone, N, Cuzzola, B, Van Nood, E, Passuello, N, Frasson, A, Mammano, E, Faccio, L, Vittadello, F, Bressan, A, Sarzo, G, Tamini, N, Oldani, M, Cigagna, L, Carissimi, F, De Carlo, G, Baccalini, E, Nespoli, L, Giordano, A, Cantafio, S, Grifoni, L, Matani, D, Livi, S, Delogu, D, Scognamillo, F, Marrosu, A, Guerrini, L, Ugolini, G, Ghignone, F, Frascaroli, G, Albertini, N, Zattoni, D, Taffurelli, G, Montroni, I, Colombo, F, Danelli, P, Bondurri, A, Maffioli, A, Bonomi, A, Pezzoli, I, Cammarata, F, Goletti, O, Molteni, M, Assisi, A, Quartierini, G, Da Lio, C, Verdi, D, Mondi, I, Peluso, C, Macchi, L, Tanzanu, M, Zanzi, F, Pellegrini, S, Andreuccetti, J, D'Alessio, R, Pignata, G, De Capua, M, Canfora, I, Ottaviani, L, Lepiane, P, Balla, A, De Carlo, A, Saraceno, F, Scaramuzzo, R, Guida, A, Aguzzi, D, Bellora, P, Gentilli, S, Monni, M, Nikaj, H, Cillara, N, Cannavera, A, Deserra, A, Margiani, C, Cabula, R, Dettori, M, Gramignano, G, Lezoche, G, Ortenzi, M, Orlandoni, E, Curzi, F, Vitali, F, Capomagi, P, Palmieri, M, Del Rio, P, Bonati, E, Loderer, T, Cozzani, F, Rossini, M, Agnesi, S, Capolupo, G, Caricato, M, Carannante, F, Masciana, G, Marrelli, M, Miacci, V, Lauricella, S, Tonini, V, Cervellera, M, Pisconti, S, Lozito, C, Shahu, J, Mongelli, C, Morelli, G, Sartarelli, L, Sica, G, Siragusa, L, Bagaglini, G, Franceschilli, M, Bellato, V, Fiorani, C, Taddei, A, Risaliti, M, Bartolini, I, Ringressi, M, Tirloni, L, Laface, L, Abate, E, Casati, M, Gobbi, P, Opocher, E, Mariani, N, Ceretti, A, Giovenzana, M, Giuliani, B, Sironi, M, Grossi, U, Zanus, G, Santoro, G, Brizzolari, M, De Leo, E, Novello, S, Aquilino, K, Milardi, F, Olmi, S, Uccelli, M, Bonaldi, M, Cesana, G, Bindi, M, Galleano, R, Langone, A, Botto, M, Franceschi, A, Gambino, E, Ronconi, M, Casiraghi, S, Casole, G, Ciulla, S, Terrosu, G, Calandra, S, Scarpa, E, Cherchi, V, Martinuzzo, L, Clocchiatti, L, Muschitiello, D, Romanzi, A, Vignati, B, Vannelli, A, Scolaro, R, Milanesi, M, Rossi, F, Canonico, G, Anastasi, A, Nelli, T, Barlettai, M, Fratarcangeli, R, Di Martino, C, Damigella, A, Adinolfi, E, Birindelli, A, Taglietti, L, Dester, S, Fleres, F, Cucinotta, E, Viscosi, F, Biondo, S, Badessi, G, Catarsini, N, Mazzeo, C, Rega, D, Delrio, P, Cervone, C, Aversano, A, De Franciscis, S, Di Marzo, M, Marra, B, Pace, U, Amato, A, Batistotti, P, Mina, E, Serventi, A, Lapolla, P, Mingoli, A, Sapienza, P, Brachini, G, Cirillo, B, Fiori, E, Crocetti, D, Clementi, I, Martines, G, Picciariello, A, Tomasicchio, G, Dibra, R, Trigiante, G, Rinaldi, M, Lantone, G, Porcu, A, Perra, T, Scanu, A, Feo, C, Fancellu, A, Cossu, M, Ginesu, G, Patriti, A, Coletta, D, Petrelli, F, Greco, P, Spadoni, C, Cassiani, G, Bianchini, F, Arganini, M, Bianchini, M, Perotti, B, Palmeri, M, Scabini, S, Deiana, S, Carganico, G, Pertile, D, Soriero, D, Fioravanti, E, Sperotto, B, Nardo, B, Paglione, D, Crocco, V, Doni, M, Osso, M, Perri, R, Sampietro, G, Corbellini, C, Lorusso, L, Manzo, C, Cigognini, M, Baldi, C, Palomba, G, Aprea, G, Capuano, M, Basile, R, Tutino, R, Massani, M, Marinelli, L, Canitano, N, Pilia, T, Podda, M, Pisanu, A, Murzi, V, Incani, S, Frongia, F, Esposito, G, Luglio, G, Tropeano, F, Pagano, G, Spina, E, De Simone, G, Cricri, M, Catena, F, Vallicelli, C, Zanini, N, Ronconi, D, Favi, F, Mazzucchelli, C, Convertini, G, Vincenti, L, Andriola, V, Bizzoca, C, Fabbri, N, Fazzin, M, Pesce, A, Gennari, S, Torchiaro, M, Severi, S, Frontali, A, Bracchetti, G, Granieri, S, Cotsoglou, C, Carlini, M, Lisi, G, Spoletini, D, Mastrangeli, M, Campanelli, M, Manigrasso, M, Milone, M, De Palma, G, Vertaldi, S, Chini, A, Maione, F, Marello, A, Selvaggi, F, Sciaudone, G, Selvaggi, L, Tasselli, F, Fuschillo, G, Oddis, L, Grande, S, Grande, M, Ascanelli, S, Chimisso, L, Aisoni, F, Rossin, E, Pepe, F, Marchetti, F, Picardi, B, Rossi, S, Del Monte, S, Picarelli, M, Muttillo, I, Ratto, C, Marra, A, Parello, A, Litta, F, Campenni, P, De Simone, V, Pata, F, Riboni, C, Rausa, E, Celentano, V, Rottoli M., Spinelli A., Pellino G., Gori A., Calini G., Flacco M. E., Manzoli L., Poggioli G., Romano A., Belvedere A., Lanci A. L., Parlanti D., Vago G., Pezzuto A. P., Canavese A., Dajti G., Cardelli S., Catalioto C., Russo I. S., Violante T., Morezzi D., Maurino L., Filippone E., Cuicchi D., Bernante P., Jovine E., Lombardi R., Masetti M., Cipressi C., Offi M. F., Larotonda C., Puglisi S. B., Barbosa A., Vaiana R., Bianchi P. M., Tonti C., Codignola C., Zorcolo L., Restivo A., Deidda S., Marchetti M. E., Ippolito L., Spolverato G., Pucciarelli S., Marchegiani F., Ghio G., Zagolin G., Glavas D., Tomassi M., Rosati R., Elmore U., Gozzini L., Calef R., Puccetti F., Cossu A., Vignali A., Morino M., Allaix M. E., Cannata G., Lombardi E., Ammirati C. A., Piceni C., Buccianti P., Balestri R., Puccini M., Pezzati D., D'Ischia R., Asta V. F., Sargenti B., Taddei G., Bonari F., Boni G., Ferrero A., Mineccia M., Gonella F., Palisi M., Danese F., Cherubini V., Perotti S., Carvello M., Carbone F., Luberto A., Calafiore E., De Lucia F., Sacchi M., Sasia D., Giuffrida M. C., Ballauri E., Cardile M., Armentano S., Beltrami E., Preve G., Vercellone B., Mozzon M., Folliero C., Lirusso C., Vecchiato M., Ziccarelli A., Gattesco D., Moretti L., Crestale S., Banchini F., Capelli P., Romboli A., Palmieri G., Conti L., Rizzi N., Bonfili D., De Manzini N., Germani P., Osenda E., Cortinovis S., Giunta C., Fracon S., Abdallah H., Bogoni S., Portolani N., Nascimbeni R., Molfino S., Tiberio G. A. M., Garosio I., Lamperti G., Rigosa D., Ercolani G., Solaini L., Cavaliere D., Avanzolini A., D'Acapito F., Chiarella L. L., Di Pietrantonio D., Annunziata D., Piccolo R., Sorrentino M., Pansini M., Cojutti A., Graziano M., Callegari F., Balzarotti L., Dameno V. R., Cattaneo A., Santolamazza G., Altieri C., Magarini R., Pietrabissa A., Dominioni T., Pugliese L., Peri A., Botti M., Salvetti F., Boni L., Cassinotti E., Baldari L., Messina V., D'Abrosca V., Cianci P., Tumolo R., Gattulli D., Restini E., Minafra M., Sederino M. G., Bottalico B., Pilati P., Franzato B., Mattara G., De Simoni O., Barina A., Tonello M., Muratore A., Calabro M., Federico Pipitone N. S., Cuzzola B., Van Nood E. H., Passuello N., Frasson A., Mammano E., Faccio L., Vittadello F., Bressan A., Sarzo G., Tamini N., Oldani M., Cigagna L., Carissimi F., De Carlo G., Baccalini E., Nespoli L., Giordano A., Cantafio S., Grifoni L., Matani D., Livi S., Delogu D., Scognamillo F., Marrosu A., Guerrini L., Ugolini G., Ghignone F., Frascaroli G., Albertini N., Zattoni D., Taffurelli G., Montroni I., Colombo F., Danelli P., Bondurri A., Maffioli A., Bonomi A., Pezzoli I., Cammarata F., Goletti O., Molteni M., Assisi A., Quartierini G., Da Lio C., Verdi D., Mondi I., Peluso C., MacChi L., Tanzanu M., Zanzi F., Pellegrini S., Andreuccetti J., D'Alessio R., Pignata G., De Capua M., Canfora I., Ottaviani L., Lepiane P., Balla A., De Carlo A., Saraceno F., Scaramuzzo R., Guida A., Aguzzi D., Bellora P., Gentilli S., Monni M., Nikaj H., Cillara N., Cannavera A., Deserra A., Margiani C., Cabula R., Dettori M., Gramignano G., Lezoche G., Ortenzi M., Orlandoni E. S., Curzi F., Vitali F., Capomagi P., Palmieri M., Giuffrida M., Del Rio P., Bonati E., Loderer T., Cozzani F., Rossini M., Agnesi S., Capolupo G. T., Caricato M., Carannante F., Masciana G., Marrelli M., Miacci V., Lauricella S., Tonini V., Cervellera M., Pisconti S., Lozito C., Shahu J., Mongelli C., Morelli G., Sartarelli L., Sica G. S., Siragusa L., Bagaglini G., Guida A. M., Franceschilli M., Bellato V., Fiorani C., Taddei A., Risaliti M., Bartolini I., Ringressi M. N., Tirloni L., Laface L., Abate E., Casati M., Gobbi P., Opocher E., Mariani N. M., Ceretti A. P., Giovenzana M., Giuliani B., Sironi M., Grossi U., Zanus G., Santoro G. A., Brizzolari M., De Leo E., Novello S., Aquilino K., Milardi F., Olmi S., Uccelli M., Bonaldi M., Cesana G. C., Bindi M., Galleano R., Langone A., Botto M., Franceschi A., Gambino E., Ronconi M., Casiraghi S., Casole G., Ciulla S. L., Terrosu G., Calandra S., Scarpa E., Cherchi V., Martinuzzo L., Clocchiatti L., Muschitiello D., Romanzi A., Vignati B., Vannelli A., Scolaro R., Milanesi M., Rossi F., Canonico G., Anastasi A., Nelli T., Barlettai M., Fratarcangeli R., Di Martino C., Damigella A., Adinolfi E., Birindelli A., Taglietti L., Dester S. E., Fleres F., Cucinotta E., Viscosi F., Biondo S. A., Badessi G., Catarsini N., Mazzeo C., Rega D., Delrio P., Cervone C., Aversano A., De Franciscis S., Di Marzo M., Marra B., Pace U., Amato A., Batistotti P., Mina E., Serventi A., Lapolla P., Mingoli A., Sapienza P., Brachini G., Cirillo B., Fiori E., Crocetti D., Clementi I., Martines G., Picciariello A., Tomasicchio G., Dibra R., Trigiante G., Rinaldi M., Lantone G., Porcu A., Perra T., Scanu A. M., Feo C. F., Fancellu A., Cossu M. L., Ginesu G. C., Patriti A., Coletta D., Petrelli F., Greco P. A., Spadoni C., Cassiani G., Bianchini F., Arganini M., Bianchini M., Perotti B., Palmeri M., Scabini S., Deiana S., Carganico G., Pertile D., Soriero D., Fioravanti E., Sperotto B., Nardo B., Paglione D., Crocco V., Doni M., Osso M., Perri R., Sampietro G. M., Corbellini C., Lorusso L., Manzo C. A., Cigognini M., Baldi C., Palomba G., Aprea G., Capuano M., Basile R., Tutino R., Massani M., Marinelli L., Canitano N., Pilia T., Podda M., Pisanu A., Murzi V., Incani S., Frongia F., Esposito G., Luglio G., Tropeano F. P., Pagano G., Spina E., De Simone G., Cricri M., Catena F., Vallicelli C., Zanini N., Ronconi D., Favi F., Mazzucchelli C., Convertini G., Vincenti L., Andriola V., Bizzoca C., Feo C. V., Fabbri N., Fazzin M., Pesce A., Gennari S., Torchiaro M., Severi S., Frontali A., Bracchetti G., Granieri S., Cotsoglou C., Carlini M., Lisi G., Spoletini D., Mastrangeli M. R., Campanelli M., Manigrasso M., Milone M., De Palma G. D., Vertaldi S., Chini A., Maione F., Marello A., Selvaggi F., Sciaudone G., Selvaggi L., Tasselli F. M., Fuschillo G., Oddis L., Grande S., Grande M., Ascanelli S., Chimisso L., Aisoni F., Rossin E., Pepe F., Marchetti F., Picardi B., Rossi S., Del Monte S. R., Picarelli M., Muttillo I. A., Ratto C., Marra A. A., Parello A., Litta F., Campenni P., De Simone V., Pata F., Riboni C., Rausa E., and Celentano V.

Abstract

Background: The association between volume, complications and pathological outcomes is still under debate regarding colorectal cancer surgery. The aim of the study was to assess the association between centre volume and severe complications, mortality, less-than-radical oncologic surgery, and indications for neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 16,883 colorectal cancer cases from 80 centres (2018-2021). Outcomes: 30-day mortality; Clavien-Dindo grade >2 complications; removal of ≥ 12 lymph nodes; non-radical resection; neoadjuvant therapy. Quartiles of hospital volumes were classified as LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH, and VERY HIGH. Independent predictors, both overall and for rectal cancer, were evaluated using logistic regression including age, gender, AJCC stage and cancer site. Results: LOW-volume centres reported a higher rate of severe postoperative complications (OR 1.50, 95% c.i. 1.15-1.096, P = 0.003). The rate of ≥ 12 lymph nodes removed in LOW-volume (OR 0.68, 95% c.i. 0.56-0.85, P < 0.001) and MEDIUM-volume (OR 0.72, 95% c.i. 0.62-0.83, P < 0.001) centres was lower than in VERY HIGH-volume centres. Of the 4676 rectal cancer patients, the rate of ≥ 12 lymph nodes removed was lower in LOW-volume than in VERY HIGH-volume centres (OR 0.57, 95% c.i. 0.41-0.80, P = 0.001). A lower rate of neoadjuvant chemoradiation was associated with HIGH (OR 0.66, 95% c.i. 0.56-0.77, P < 0.001), MEDIUM (OR 0.75, 95% c.i. 0.60-0.92, P = 0.006), and LOW (OR 0.70, 95% c.i. 0.52-0.94, P = 0.019) volume centres (vs. VERY HIGH). Conclusion: Colorectal cancer surgery in low-volume centres is at higher risk of suboptimal management, poor postoperative outcomes, and less-than-adequate oncologic resections. Centralisation of rectal cancer cases should be taken into consideration to optimise the outcomes.

Published
2024

8. Inner southern magnetosphere observation of Mercury via SERENA ion sensors in BepiColombo mission

Author

Orsini, S., Milillo, A., Lichtenegger, H., Varsani, A., Barabash, S., Livi, S., De Angelis, E., Alberti, T., Laky, G., Nilsson, H., Phillips, M., Aronica, A., Kallio, E., Wurz, P., Olivieri, A., Plainaki, C., Slavin, J. A., Dandouras, I., Raines, J. M., Benkhoff, J., Zender, J., Berthelier, J.-J., Dosa, M., Ho, G. C., Killen, R. M., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Torkar, K., Vaisberg, O., Allegrini, F., Daglis, I. A., Dong, C., Escoubet, C. P., Fatemi, S., Fränz, M., Ivanovski, S., Krupp, N., Lammer, H., Leblanc, François, Mangano, V., Mura, A., Rispoli, R., Sarantos, M., Smith, H. T., Wieser, M., Camozzi, F., Di Lellis, A. M., Fremuth, G., Giner, F., Gurnee, R., Hayes, J., Jeszenszky, H., Trantham, B., Balaz, J., Baumjohann, W., Cantatore, M., Delcourt, D., Delva, M., Desai, M., Fischer, H., Galli, A., Grande, M., Holmström, M., Horvath, I., Hsieh, K. C., Jarvinen, R., Johnson, R. E., Kazakov, A., Kecskemety, K., Krüger, H., Kürbisch, C., Leblanc, Frederic, Leichtfried, M., Mangraviti, E., Massetti, S., Moissenko, D., Moroni, M., Noschese, R., Nuccilli, F., Paschalidis, N., Ryno, J., Seki, K., Shestakov, A., Shuvalov, S., Sordini, R., Stenbeck, F., Svensson, J., Szalai, S., Szego, K., Toublanc, D., Vertolli, N., Wallner, R., and Vorburger, A.

Published
2022
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9. The solar wind heavy ion composition in the ascending phases of the solar cycles 23 and 25.

Author

Carpenter, D. T., Lepri, S. T., Zhao, L., Dewey, R. M., Raines, J. M., Livi, S., Galvin, A. B., Kistler, L. M., Shi, Chen, Nakanotani, Masaru, and Zhang, Xu

Subjects
SOLAR cycle, CORONAL holes, ION bombardment, HEAVY ions, IRON ions, SOLAR wind
Abstract

The approximately 11-year solar cycle has been shown to impact the heavy ion composition of the solar wind, even when accounting for streams of differing speeds; however, the heavy ion composition observed between the same specific phases of a past solar cycle and the current cycle has rarely, if ever, been compared. Here, we compare the heavy ion composition of the solar wind, as measured in situ during the solar cycle 23 and 25 ascending phases. We examine the mean iron and oxygen charge state composition and the O7+/O6+ ratio in multiple ranges of associated bulk wind speeds. Then, we compare the iron and oxygen charge state composition and relative abundance of iron to oxygen in the traditionally defined fast and slow solar wind. Finally, to determine the impact of individual ion contributions on the solar wind iron abundance, we examine individual ratios of iron and oxygen ions. Although the charge state composition remained broadly similar between these two ascending phases, both the O7+/O6+ ratio and iron fractionation in fast-speed streams were higher in the solar cycle 25 ascending phase than they were during the solar cycle 23 ascending phase, suggesting that equatorial coronal hole fields more frequently reconnected with helmet streamers or active regions in the latter of the two ascending phases; however, more work will need to be done to connect these observations back to their coronal origins. The individual ion ratios used in this work provided a spectrum to analyze the aggregate elemental abundances, and this work, as a whole, is an important step in determining how conditions in the corona may vary between solar cycles between the same phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Space Weathering on Near-Earth Objects investigated by neutral-particle detection

Author

Plainaki, C., Milillo, A., Orsini, S., Mura, A., De Angelis, E., Di Lellis, A. M., Dotto, E., Livi, S., Mangano, V., Massetti, S., and Palumbo, M. E.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The ion-sputtering (IS) process is active in many planetary environments in the Solar System where plasma precipitates directly on the surface (for instance, Mercury, Moon, Europa). In particular, solar-wind sputtering is one of the most important agents for the surface erosion of a Near-Earth Object (NEO), acting together with other surface release processes, such as Photon Stimulated Desorption (PSD), Thermal Desorption (TD) and Micrometeoroid Impact Vaporization (MIV). The energy distribution of the IS-released neutrals peaks at a few eVs and extends up to hundreds of eVs. Since all other release processes produce particles of lower energies, the presence of neutral atoms in the energy range above 10 eV and below a few keVs (Sputtered High-Energy Atoms - SHEA) identifies the IS process. SHEA easily escape from the NEO, due to NEO's extremely weak gravity. Detection and analysis of SHEA will give important information on surface-loss processes as well as on surface elemental composition. The investigation of the active release processes, as a function of the external conditions and the NEO surface properties, is crucial for obtaining a clear view of the body's present loss rate as well as for getting clues on its evolution, which depends significantly on space weather. In this work, an attempt to analyze the processes that take place on the surface of these small airless bodies, as a result of their exposure to the space environment, has been realized. For this reason a new space weathering model (Space Weathering on NEO - SPAWN), is presented. Moreover, an instrument concept of a neutral-particle analyzer specifically designed for the measurement of neutral density and the detection of SHEA from a NEO is proposed, Comment: 36 pages

Published
2008
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11. A radiation belt of energetic protons located between Saturn and its rings

Author

Roussos, E., Kollmann, P., Krupp, N., Kotova, A., Regoli, L., Paranicas, C., Mitchell, D. G., Krimigis, S. M., Hamilton, D., Brandt, P., Carbary, J., Christon, S., Dialynas, K., Dandouras, I., Hill, M. E., Ip, W. H., Jones, G. H., Livi, S., Mauk, B. H., Palmaerts, B., Roelof, E. C., Rymer, A., Sergis, N., and Smith, H. T.

Published
2018

12. Correction to: SERENA: Particle Instrument Suite for Determining the Sun-Mercury Interaction from BepiColombo

Author

Orsini, S., Livi, S. A., Lichtenegger, H., Barabash, S., Milillo, A., De Angelis, E., Phillips, M., Laky, G., Wieser, M., Olivieri, A., Plainaki, C., Ho, G., Killen, R. M., Slavin, J. A., Wurz, P., Berthelier, J.-J., Dandouras, I., Kallio, E., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Szalai, S., Torkar, K., Vaisberg, O., Allegrini, F., Daglis, I. A., Dong, C., Escoubet, C. P., Fatemi, S., Fränz, M., Ivanovski, S., Krupp, N., Lammer, H., Leblanc, François, Mangano, V., Mura, A., Nilsson, H., Raines, J. M., Rispoli, R., Sarantos, M., Smith, H. T., Szego, K., Aronica, A., Camozzi, F., Di Lellis, A. M., Fremuth, G., Giner, F., Gurnee, R., Hayes, J., Jeszenszky, H., Tominetti, F., Trantham, B., Balaz, J., Baumjohann, W., Brienza, D., Bührke, U., Bush, M. D., Cantatore, M., Cibella, S., Colasanti, L., Cremonese, G., Cremonesi, L., D’Alessandro, M., Delcourt, D., Delva, M., Desai, M., Fama, M., Ferris, M., Fischer, H., Gaggero, A., Gamborino, D., Garnier, P., Gibson, W. C., Goldstein, R., Grande, M., Grishin, V., Haggerty, D., Holmström, M., Horvath, I., Hsieh, K.-C., Jacques, A., Johnson, R. E., Kazakov, A., Kecskemety, K., Krüger, H., Kürbisch, C., Lazzarotto, F., Leblanc, Frederic, Leichtfried, M., Leoni, R., Loose, A., Maschietti, D., Massetti, S., Mattioli, F., Miller, G., Moissenko, D., Morbidini, A., Noschese, R., Nuccilli, F., Nunez, C., Paschalidis, N., Persyn, S., Piazza, D., Oja, M., Ryno, J., Schmidt, W., Scheer, J. A., Shestakov, A., Shuvalov, S., Seki, K., Selci, S., Smith, K., Sordini, R., Svensson, J., Szalai, L., Toublanc, D., Urdiales, C., Varsani, A., Vertolli, N., Wallner, R., Wahlstroem, P., Wilson, P., and Zampieri, S.

Published
2021
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13. SERENA: Particle Instrument Suite for Determining the Sun-Mercury Interaction from BepiColombo

Author

Orsini, S., Livi, S. A., Lichtenegger, H., Barabash, S., Milillo, A., De Angelis, E., Phillips, M., Laky, G., Wieser, M., Olivieri, A., Plainaki, C., Ho, G., Killen, R. M., Slavin, J. A., Wurz, P., Berthelier, J.-J., Dandouras, I., Kallio, E., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Szalai, S., Torkar, K., Vaisberg, O., Allegrini, F., Daglis, I. A., Dong, C., Escoubet, C. P., Fatemi, S., Fränz, M., Ivanovski, S., Krupp, N., Lammer, H., Leblanc, François, Mangano, V., Mura, A., Nilsson, H., Raines, J. M., Rispoli, R., Sarantos, M., Smith, H. T., Szego, K., Aronica, A., Camozzi, F., Di Lellis, A. M., Fremuth, G., Giner, F., Gurnee, R., Hayes, J., Jeszenszky, H., Tominetti, F., Trantham, B., Balaz, J., Baumjohann, W., Brienza, D., Bührke, U., Bush, M. D., Cantatore, M., Cibella, S., Colasanti, L., Cremonese, G., Cremonesi, L., D’Alessandro, M., Delcourt, D., Delva, M., Desai, M., Fama, M., Ferris, M., Fischer, H., Gaggero, A., Gamborino, D., Garnier, P., Gibson, W. C., Goldstein, R., Grande, M., Grishin, V., Haggerty, D., Holmström, M., Horvath, I., Hsieh, K.-C., Jacques, A., Johnson, R. E., Kazakov, A., Kecskemety, K., Krüger, H., Kürbisch, C., Lazzarotto, F., Leblanc, Frederic, Leichtfried, M., Leoni, R., Loose, A., Maschietti, D., Massetti, S., Mattioli, F., Miller, G., Moissenko, D., Morbidini, A., Noschese, R., Nuccilli, F., Nunez, C., Paschalidis, N., Persyn, S., Piazza, D., Oja, M., Ryno, J., Schmidt, W., Scheer, J. A., Shestakov, A., Shuvalov, S., Seki, K., Selci, S., Smith, K., Sordini, R., Svensson, J., Szalai, L., Toublanc, D., Urdiales, C., Varsani, A., Vertolli, N., Wallner, R., Wahlstroem, P., Wilson, P., and Zampieri, S.

Published
2021
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14. Dynamics of Saturn's Magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's Orbital Insertion

Author

Krimigis, S. M., Mitchell, D. G., Hamilton, D. C., Krupp, N., Livi, S., Roelof, E. C., Dandouras, J., Armstrong, T. P., Mauk, B. H., Paranicas, C., Brandt, P. C., Bolton, S., Cheng, A. F., Choo, T., Gloeckler, G., Hayes, J., Hsieh, K. C., Jaskulek, S., Keath, E. P., Kirsch, E., Kusterer, M., Lagg, A., Lanzerotti, L. J., LaVallee, D., Manweiler, J., McEntire, R. W., Rasmuss, W., Saur, J., Turner, F. S., Williams, D. J., and Woch, J.

Published
2005

15. Solar Wind-Induced Atmospheric Erosion at Mars: First Results from ASPERA-3 on Mars Express

Author

Lundin, R., Barabash, S., Andersson, H., Holmström, M., Grigoriev, A., Yamauchi, M., Fedorov, A., Budnik, E., Winningham, D., Frahm, R., Scherrer, J., Sharber, J., Asamura, K., Hayakawa, H., Coates, A., Linder, D. R., Curtis, C., Hsieh, K. C., Sandel, B. R., Grande, M., Carter, M., Reading, D. H., Koskinen, H., Kallio, E., Riihela, P., Schmidt, W., Säles, T., Kozyra, J., Krupp, N., Woch, J., Luhmann, J., McKenna-Lawler, S., Cerulli-Irelli, R., Orsini, S., Maggi, M., Mura, A., Milillo, A., Roelof, E., Williams, D., Livi, S., Brandt, P., Wurz, P., and Bochsler, P.

Published
2004

16. First results from the Solar Orbiter Heavy Ion Sensor

Author

Livi, S., primary, Lepri, S. T., additional, Raines, J. M., additional, Dewey, R. M., additional, Galvin, A. B., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Collier, M R., additional, Allegrini, F., additional, Alterman, B. L., additional, Bert, C. M., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Chornay, D. J., additional, D’Amicis, R., additional, Eddy, T. J., additional, Ellis, L., additional, Fauchon-Jones, E., additional, Fedorov, A., additional, Gershkovich, I., additional, Holmes, J., additional, Horbury, T. S., additional, Kistler, L. M., additional, Kucharek, H., additional, Lugaz, N., additional, Nieves-Chinchilla, T., additional, O’Brien, H., additional, Ogasawara, K., additional, Owen, C. J., additional, Phillips, M., additional, Ploof, K., additional, Rivera, Y. J., additional, Spitzer, S. A., additional, Stubbs, T. J., additional, and Wurz, P., additional

Published
2023
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17. Skewness and kurtosis of solar wind proton distribution functions: The normal inverse-Gaussian model and its implications.

Author

Louarn, P., Fedorov, A., Prech, L., Owen, C. J., D'Amicis, R., Bruno, R., Livi, S., Lavraud, B., Rouillard, A. P., Génot, V., André, N., Fruit, G., Réville, V., Kieokaew, R., Plotnikov, I., Penou, E., Barthe, A., Lewis, G., Berthomier, M., and Allegrini, F.

Subjects
DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory), SOLAR wind, ASTROPHYSICAL fluid dynamics, KURTOSIS, GAUSSIAN distribution
Abstract

Context. In the solar wind (SW), the particle distribution functions are generally not Gaussian. They present nonthermal features that are related to underlying acceleration and heating processes. These processes are critical in the overall dynamics of this expanding astrophysical fluid. Aims. The Proton Alpha Sensor (PAS) on board Solar Orbiter commonly observes skewed proton distributions, with a more populated high-energy side in the magnetic field direction than the Gaussian distribution. Our objectives are: (1) to identify a theoretical statistical function that adequately models the observed distributions and (2) to use its statistical interpretation to constrain the acceleration and heating processes. Methods. We analyzed the 3D velocity distribution functions (VDFs) measured by PAS and compared them to model statistical functions. Results. We show that the normal inverse Gaussian (NIG), a type of hyperbolic statistical distribution, provides excellent fits of skewed and leptokurtic proton distributions. NIG can model both the core distribution and the beam, if present. We propose an interpretation that is inspired by the mathematical formulation of the NIG. It assumes that the acceleration or heating mechanism can be modeled as a drifting diffusion process in velocity space, controlled (or subordinated) by the time of interaction of the particles with "accelerating structures". The probability function of the interaction time is an inverse Gaussian (IG), obtained by considering a random drift across structures of a given size. The control of the diffusion by interaction times that follow an IG probability function formally defines the NIG distribution. Following this model, we show that skewness and kurtosis can be used to estimate the kinetic and thermal energy gains provided by the interaction with structures. For example, in the case studies presented here, the analyzed populations would have gained kinetic energy representing approximately two to four times their thermal energy, with an increase in velocity – due to acceleration – of from one-tenth to one-third of the observed flow velocity. We also show that the model constrains the initial temperature of the populations. Conclusions. Overall, the NIG model offers excellent fits of the observed proton distributions. Combining the skewness and the kurtosis, it also leads to constraints in the part of acceleration and heating due to the interactions with structures in the formation of the proton populations. We suggest that these effects add to the classical thermal evolution of the bulk velocity and temperature resulting from SW expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. The MERiT Onboard the CeREs: A Novel Instrument to Study Energetic Particles in the Earth's Radiation Belts

Author

Kanekal, S. G, Blum, L, Christian, E. R, Crum, G, Desai, M, Dumonthier, J, Evans, A, Greeley, A. D, Guerro, S, Livi, S, LLera, K, Lucas, J, MacKinnon, J, Mukherjee, J, Ogasawara, K, Paschalidis, N, Patel, D, Pollack, E, Riall, S, Schiller, Q, Suarez, G, and Summerlin, E. J

Subjects
Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

The Miniaturized Electron pRoton Telescope, MERiT, is a low‐mass, low‐power, compact instrument using an innovative combination of particle detectors, sensor electronics, and onboard processing. MERiT is flying on the Compact Radiation belt Explorer, CeREs, a 3U CubeSat launched into a low earth orbit of 500‐km altitude and inclination of 85° on 16 December 2018. The primary and secondary science goals of CeREs are to investigate electron microbursts and to study solar particles. MERiT comprises a stack of solid state detectors (SSD) behind space facing avalanche photo diodes (APDs) surrounded by W‐Al shielding to reduce side‐penetrating particle background. The APD‐SSD combination enables measurement of electrons from 5 to 200 keV and 1 to 8 MeV; protons from 200–400 keV and 7–100 MeV in differential channels with energy resolution ΔE/E≈30% for both electrons and protons. MERiT measures microbursts with a high time resolution ranging from 4 to 16 ms and solar particles with a cadence of 1 s. MERiT energy channels and cadences are software configurable via algorithms and lookup tables residing on a field‐programmable gate array. The lookup tables can be changed via ground commands. MERiT geometry factor is 31 sq.cm‐sr and optimized to measure microbursts with the instrument viewing the local zenith in orbit. MERiT enables investigation of dynamical processes of radiation belt electron energization and loss, solar electron and proton transport, and their access to the Earth's polar caps. We describe the MERiT sensor design, calibration, operational modes, data products, and science goals.

Published
2019
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21. High-energy particle enhancements in the solar wind upstream Mercury during the first BepiColombo flyby: SERENA/PICAM and MPO-MAG observations

Author

Alberti, T., primary, Sun, W., additional, Varsani, A., additional, Heyner, D., additional, Orsini, S., additional, Milillo, A., additional, Slavin, J. A., additional, Raines, J. M., additional, Aronica, A., additional, Auster, H.-U., additional, Barabash, S., additional, De Angelis, E., additional, Dandouras, I., additional, Jarvinen, R., additional, Jeszenszky, H., additional, Kallio, E., additional, Kazakov, A., additional, Laky, G., additional, Livi, S., additional, Mangano, V., additional, Massetti, S., additional, Moroni, M., additional, Mura, A., additional, Noschese, R., additional, Plainaki, C., additional, Plaschke, F., additional, Richter, I., additional, Rispoli, R., additional, Sordini, R., additional, and Wurz, P., additional

Published
2023
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22. Innovative technique for separating proton core, proton beam, and alpha particles in solar wind 3D velocity distribution functions

Author

De Marco, R., primary, Bruno, R., additional, Jagarlamudi, V. Krishna, additional, D’Amicis, R., additional, Marcucci, M. F., additional, Fortunato, V., additional, Perrone, D., additional, Telloni, D., additional, Owen, C. J., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Fedorov, A., additional, Livi, S., additional, and Horbury, T., additional

Published
2023
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25. The Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) for the Mars Express Mission

Author

Barabash, S., Lundin, R., Andersson, H., Brinkfeldt, K., Grigoriev, A., Gunell, H., Holmström, M., Yamauchi, M., Asamura, K., Bochsler, P., Wurz, P., Cerulli-Irelli, R., Mura, A., Milillo, A., Maggi, M., Orsini, S., Coates, A. J., Linder, D. R., Kataria, D. O., Curtis, C. C., Hsieh, K. C., Sandel, B. R., Frahm, R. A., Sharber, J. R., Winningham, J. D., Grande, M., Kallio, E., Koskinen, H., Riihelä, P., Schmidt, W., Säles, T., Kozyra, J. U., Krupp, N., Woch, J., Livi, S., Luhmann, J. G., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Roelof, E. C., Williams, D. J., Sauvaud, J.-A., Fedorov, A., Thocaven, J.-J., and Russell, C. T., editor

Published
2007
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26. Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISIS): Design of the Energetic Particle Investigation

Author

McComas, D. J., Alexander, N., Angold, N., Bale, S., Beebe, C., Birdwell, B., Boyle, M., Burgum, J. M., Burnham, J. A., Christian, E. R., Cook, W. R., Cooper, S. A., Cummings, A. C., Davis, A. J., Desai, M. I., Dickinson, J., Dirks, G., Do, D. H., Fox, N., Giacalone, J., Gold, R. E., Gurnee, R. S., Hayes, J. R., Hill, M. E., Kasper, J. C., Kecman, B., Klemic, J., Krimigis, S. M., Labrador, A. W., Layman, R. S., Leske, R. A., Livi, S., Matthaeus, W. H., McNutt, Jr, R. L., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, D. G., Nelson, K. S., Parker, C., Rankin, J. S., Roelof, E. C., Schwadron, N. A., Seifert, H., Shuman, S., Stokes, M. R., Stone, E. C., Vandegriff, J. D., Velli, M., von Rosenvinge, T. T., Weidner, S. E., Wiedenbeck, M. E., and Wilson, IV, P.

Published
2016
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27. Italian contact lens practitioners’ perspective on providing and adapting contact lens practice during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Zeri, F, Rizzo, G, Desiato, A, Livi, S, Scarci, F, Cecalupo, A, Marini, M, Tavazzi, S, Naroo, S, Zeri F, Rizzo GC, Desiato A, Livi S, Scarci F, Cecalupo A, Marini M, Tavazzi S, Naroo SA., Zeri, F, Rizzo, G, Desiato, A, Livi, S, Scarci, F, Cecalupo, A, Marini, M, Tavazzi, S, Naroo, S, Zeri F, Rizzo GC, Desiato A, Livi S, Scarci F, Cecalupo A, Marini M, Tavazzi S, and Naroo SA.

Abstract

Purpose: In Italy, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, optical practices were partially closed during the first lockdown. When practices fully reopened there were changes in the way contact lens (CL) clinical practice was conducted. This study investigates the opinions of CL practitioners (CLPs) at the end of lockdown about the changes they implemented. Methods: An online survey was conducted amongst Italian CLPs after the first lockdown had ended. The anonymised questionnaire included details of demographics, clinical practice, implementation of personal protective measures and reasons for continuing or ceasing to undertake new CL fittings or aftercare visits after lockdown. Results: A total of 104 CLPs completed the questionnaire. Practitioners reported an average reduction of new CL fittings (24.8%) and aftercare visits (17.9%) compared to pre-pandemic numbers. Of the protective measures tested, the use of facemasks and an increased frequency of disinfection of instruments and working spaces were implemented more frequently; these measures were correlated with a lower level of reduction in new fittings and aftercare visits (all P < 0.001). ‘The importance of CLs to patients’ and the ‘professional duty to guarantee access to the service’ were the most important reasons for continuing to conduct new CL fittings and aftercare visits, whilst lack of demand and severity of COVID-19 were the main deterrents against conducting CL practice. In addition, the opportunity to reinforce compliance during aftercare visits was given high importance. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic reduced the frequency of new CL fittings and aftercare visits following lockdown. CLPs acknowledged the importance of CLs for patients and their role in providing access to CLs, even during the challenging circumstances of the pandemic

Published
2021

29. Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini Mission to Saturn/Titan

Author

Krimigis, S. M., Mitchell, D. G., Hamilton, D. C., Livi, S., Dandouras, J., Jaskulek, S., Armstrong, T. P., Boldt, J. D., Cheng, A. F., Gloeckler, G., Hayes, J. R., Hsieh, K. C., Ip, W.-H., Keath, E. P., Kirsch, E., Krupp, N., Lanzerotti, L. J., Lundgren, R., Mauk, B. H., McEntire, R. W., Roelof, E. C., Schlemm, C. E., Tossman, B. E., Wilken, B., Williams, D. J., and Russell, Christopher T., editor

Published
2004
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33. Global Observations of the Interstellar Interaction from the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX)

Author

McComas, D. J., Allegrini, F., Bochsler, P., Bzowski, M., Christian, E. R., Crew, G. B., DeMajistre, R., Fahr, H., Fichtner, H., Frisch, P. C., Funsten, H. O., Fuselier, S. A., Gloeckler, G., Gruntman, M., Heerikhuisen, J., Izmodenov, V., Janzen, P., Knappenberger, P., Krimigis, S., Kucharek, H., Lee, M., Livadiotis, G., Livi, S., MacDowall, R. J., Mitchell, D., Möbius, E., Moore, T., Pogorelov, N. V., Reisenfeld, D., Roelof, E., Saul, L., Schwadron, N. A., Valek, P. W., Vanderspek, R., Wurz, P., and Zank, G. P.

Published
2009
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34. RAPID : The Imaging Energetic Particle Spectrometer on Cluster

Author

Wilken, B., Axford, W. I., Daglis, I., Daly, P., Güttler, W., Ip, W. H., Korth, A., Kremser, G., Livi, S., Vasyliunas, V. M., Woch, J., Baker, D., Belian, R. D., Blake, J. B., Fennell, J. F., Lyons, L. R., Borg, H., Fritz, T. A., Gliem, F., Rathje, R., Grande, M., Hall, D., Kecsueméty, K., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Mursula, K., Tanskanen, P., Pu, Z., Sandahl, I., Sarris, E. T., Scholer, M., Schulz, M., Sørass, F., Ullaland, S., Escoubet, C. P., editor, Russell, C. T., editor, and Schmidt, R., editor

Published
1997
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36. Energetic Particles in the Jovian Magnetotail

Author

McNutt, R. L., Haggerty, D. K., Hill, M. E., Krimigis, S. M., Livi, S., Ho, G. C., Gurnee, R. S., Mauk, B. H., Mitchell, D. G., Roelof, E. C., McComas, D. J., Bagenal, F., Elliott, H. A., Brown, L. E., Kusterer, M., Vandegriff, J., Stern, S. A., Weaver, H. A., Spencer, J. R., and Moore, J. M.

Published
2007
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37. The charge, element, and isotope analysis system CELIAS on SOHO

Author

Hovestadt, D., Bochsler, P., Grünwaldt, H., Gliem, F., Hilchenbach, M., Ipavich, F. M., Judges, D. L., Axford, W. I., Balsiger, H., Bürgi, A., Coplan, M., Galvin, A. B., Geiss, J., Gloeckler, G., Hsieh, K. C., Kallenbach, R., Klecker, B., Lee, M. A., Livi, S., Managadze, G. G., Marsch, E., Möbius, E., Neugebauer, M., Reiche, K. -U., Scholer, M., Verigin, M. I., Wilken, D., Wurz, P., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Benz, Arnold O., editor, and Krüger, Albrecht, editor

Published
1995
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38. The Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer for the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory

Author

Kohl, J. L., Esser, R., Gardner, L. D., Habbal, S., Daigneau, P. S., Dennis, E. F., Nystrom, G. U., Panasyuk, A., Raymond, J. C., Smith, P. L., Strachan, L., Ballegooijen, A. A. Van, Noci, G., Fineschi, S., Romoli, M., Ciaravella, A., Modigliani, A., Huber, M. C. E., Antonucci, E., Benna, C., Giordano, S., Tondello, G., Nicolosi, P., Naletto, G., Pernechele, C., Spadaro, D., Poletto, G., Livi, S., Von Der Lühe, O., Geiss, J., Timothy, J. G., Gloeckler, G., Allegra, A., Basile, G., Brusa, R., Wood, B., Siegmund, O. H. W., Fowler, W., Fisher, R., Jhabvala, M., Fleck, B., editor, Domingo, V., editor, and Poland, A., editor

Published
1995
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39. CELIAS — Charge, Element and Isotope Analysis System for SOHO

Author

Hovestadt, D., Hilchenbach, M., Bürgi, A., Klecker, B., Laeverenz, P., Scholer, M., Grünwaldt, H., Axford, W. I., Livi, S., Marsch, E., Wilken, B., Winterhoff, H. P., Ipavich, F. M., Bedini, P., Coplan, M. A., Galvin, A. B., Gloeckler, G., Bochsler, P., Balsiger, H., Fischer, J., Geiss, J., Kallenbach, R., Wurz, P., Reiche, K.-U., Gliem, F., Judge, D. L., Ogawa, H. S., Hsieh, K. C., Möbius, E., Lee, M. A., Managadze, G. G., Verigin, M. I., Neugebauer, M., Fleck, B., editor, Domingo, V., editor, and Poland, A., editor

Published
1995
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41. Refined and updated bon-inigenous species baselines for the Mediterranean sea at the national, sub-regional and national level in the context of the Barcelona convention's integrated monitoringa and assessment programme (IMAP)

Author

Galanidi, M., Aissi, M., Ali, M., Bakalem, A., Bariche, M., Bartolo, A., Bazairi, H., Beqiraj, S., Bilecenoglu, M., Bugeja, M., Carbonell, A., Castriota, L., Chalabi, A., Cinar, M.E., Dragičević, B., Dulčić, J., El Haweet, A., Farrag, M., Galili, B., Guerin, L., Hyams- Kaphzan, O., Kapedani, R., Kamberi, E., Livi, S., Masse, C., Mavrič, B., Ouerghi, A., Petović, S., Png-Gonzalez, L., Rizzo, M., Romdhane, M.S., Shenkar, N., Shakman, E., Yahyaoui, A., Yokes, M., Zenetos, A., C. Bouafif, A., and Oureghi

Subjects
Barcelona convention IMAO, NIS Baseline, Mediterranean, trends indicator
Abstract

This work aimed to collect the available material on the presence of marine Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) in the Mediterranean countries starting with existing national inventories and updating with new species records observed until December 2020 and other taxonomic and status amendments as appropriate. The final outcome is the result of a collaborative process between national and regional experts, involving detailed exchange of information and the building of consensus on the final lists to be used as the baselines for the implementation of the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme for the Mediterranean. (IMAP). In total, 1011 non-indigenous species have been found in Mediterranean marine waters, of which 748 are currently considered established. The highest number of species is observed in Israel, Turkey, Lebanon and Italy. Approximately 50 species were categorized as Data Deficient, eitherdue to lack of consensus on their alien status or the validity of their identification. Polychaeta and Foraminifera were the taxonomic groups with the highest number of controversial species.There was a general increase in the yearly rate of new NIS introductions after the late 1990’s, which appears to be slowing down in the last decade. The refined NIS inventories are and important step for the full operationalization of the Common Indicator 6 for alien species in the context of IMAP.

Published
2022

42. Italian contact lens practitioners’ perspective on providing and adapting contact lens practice during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Zeri F, Rizzo GC, Desiato A, Livi S, Scarci F, Cecalupo A, Marini M, Tavazzi S, Naroo SA., Zeri, F, Rizzo, G, Desiato, A, Livi, S, Scarci, F, Cecalupo, A, Marini, M, Tavazzi, S, and Naroo, S

Subjects
Covid-19. Contact lense
Abstract

Purpose: In Italy, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, optical practices were partially closed during the first lockdown. When practices fully reopened there were changes in the way contact lens (CL) clinical practice was conducted. This study investigates the opinions of CL practitioners (CLPs) at the end of lockdown about the changes they implemented. Methods: An online survey was conducted amongst Italian CLPs after the first lockdown had ended. The anonymised questionnaire included details of demographics, clinical practice, implementation of personal protective measures and reasons for continuing or ceasing to undertake new CL fittings or aftercare visits after lockdown. Results: A total of 104 CLPs completed the questionnaire. Practitioners reported an average reduction of new CL fittings (24.8%) and aftercare visits (17.9%) compared to pre-pandemic numbers. Of the protective measures tested, the use of facemasks and an increased frequency of disinfection of instruments and working spaces were implemented more frequently; these measures were correlated with a lower level of reduction in new fittings and aftercare visits (all P < 0.001). ‘The importance of CLs to patients’ and the ‘professional duty to guarantee access to the service’ were the most important reasons for continuing to conduct new CL fittings and aftercare visits, whilst lack of demand and severity of COVID-19 were the main deterrents against conducting CL practice. In addition, the opportunity to reinforce compliance during aftercare visits was given high importance. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic reduced the frequency of new CL fittings and aftercare visits following lockdown. CLPs acknowledged the importance of CLs for patients and their role in providing access to CLs, even during the challenging circumstances of the pandemic

Published
2021

44. First Solar Orbiter observation of the Alfvénic slow wind and identification of its solar source

Author

D’Amicis, R., primary, Bruno, R., additional, Panasenco, O., additional, Telloni, D., additional, Perrone, D., additional, Marcucci, M. F., additional, Woodham, L., additional, Velli, M., additional, De Marco, R., additional, Jagarlamudi, V., additional, Coco, I., additional, Owen, C., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Livi, S., additional, Horbury, T., additional, André, N., additional, Angelini, V., additional, Evans, V., additional, Fedorov, A., additional, Genot, V., additional, Lavraud, B., additional, Matteini, L., additional, Müller, D., additional, O’Brien, H., additional, Pezzi, O., additional, Rouillard, A. P., additional, Sorriso-Valvo, L., additional, Tenerani, A., additional, Verscharen, D., additional, and Zouganelis, I., additional

Published
2021
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45. Magnetic reconnection as a mechanism to produce multiple thermal proton populations and beams locally in the solar wind

Author

Lavraud, B., primary, Kieokaew, R., additional, Fargette, N., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Fedorov, A., additional, André, N., additional, Fruit, G., additional, Génot, V., additional, Réville, V., additional, Rouillard, A. P., additional, Plotnikov, I., additional, Penou, E., additional, Barthe, A., additional, Prech, L., additional, Owen, C. J., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Allegrini, F., additional, Berthomier, M., additional, Kataria, D., additional, Livi, S., additional, Raines, J. M., additional, D’Amicis, R., additional, Eastwood, J. P., additional, Froment, C., additional, Laker, R., additional, Maksimovic, M., additional, Marcucci, F., additional, Perri, S., additional, Perrone, D., additional, Phan, T. D., additional, Stansby, D., additional, Stawarz, J., additional, Toledo-Redondo, S., additional, Vaivads, A., additional, Verscharen, D., additional, Zouganelis, I., additional, Angelini, V., additional, Evans, V., additional, Horbury, T. S., additional, and O’Brien, H., additional

Published
2021
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46. Solar Orbiter observations of the structure of reconnection outflow layers in the solar wind

Author

Owen, C. J., primary, Foster, A. C., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Livi, S., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Berthomier, M., additional, Fedorov, A., additional, Anekallu, C., additional, Kataria, D., additional, Kelly, C. W., additional, Lewis, G. R., additional, Watson, G., additional, Berčič, L., additional, Stansby, D., additional, Suen, G., additional, Verscharen, D., additional, Fortunato, V., additional, Nicolaou, G., additional, Wicks, R. T., additional, Rae, I. J., additional, Lavraud, B., additional, Horbury, T. S., additional, O’Brien, H., additional, Evans, V., additional, and Angelini, V., additional

Published
2021
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47. Multiscale views of an Alfvénic slow solar wind: 3D velocity distribution functions observed by the Proton-Alpha Sensor of Solar Orbiter

Author

Louarn, P., primary, Fedorov, A., additional, Prech, L., additional, Owen, C. J., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Livi, S., additional, Lavraud, B., additional, Rouillard, A. P., additional, Génot, V., additional, André, N., additional, Fruit, G., additional, Réville, V., additional, Kieokaew, R., additional, Plotnikov, I., additional, Penou, E., additional, Barthe, A., additional, Khataria, D., additional, Berthomier, M., additional, D’Amicis, R., additional, Sorriso-Valvo, L., additional, Allegrini, F., additional, Raines, J., additional, Verscharen, D., additional, Fortunato, V., additional, Mele, G., additional, Horbury, T. S., additional, O’brien, H., additional, Evans, V., additional, Angelini, V., additional, Maksimovic, M., additional, Kasper, J. C., additional, and Bale, S. D., additional

Published
2021
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48. Solar Orbiter’s encounter with the tail of comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS): Magnetic field draping and cometary pick-up ion waves

Author

Matteini, L., primary, Laker, R., additional, Horbury, T., additional, Woodham, L., additional, Bale, S. D., additional, Stawarz, J. E., additional, Woolley, T., additional, Steinvall, K., additional, Jones, G. H., additional, Grant, S. R., additional, Afghan, Q., additional, Galand, M., additional, O’Brien, H., additional, Evans, V., additional, Angelini, V., additional, Maksimovic, M., additional, Chust, T., additional, Khotyaintsev, Y., additional, Krasnoselskikh, V., additional, Kretzschmar, M., additional, Lorfèvre, E., additional, Plettemeier, D., additional, Souček, J., additional, Steller, M., additional, Štverák, Š., additional, Trávníček, P., additional, Vaivads, A., additional, Vecchio, A., additional, Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., additional, Ho, G. C., additional, Gómez-Herrero, R., additional, Rodríguez-Pacheco, J., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Fedorov, A., additional, Owen, C. J., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Livi, S., additional, Zouganelis, I., additional, and Müller, D., additional

Published
2021
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49. Whistler instability driven by the sunward electron deficit in the solar wind

Author

Berčič, L., primary, Verscharen, D., additional, Owen, C. J., additional, Colomban, L., additional, Kretzschmar, M., additional, Chust, T., additional, Maksimovic, M., additional, Kataria, D. O., additional, Anekallu, C., additional, Behar, E., additional, Berthomier, M., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Fortunato, V., additional, Kelly, C. W., additional, Khotyaintsev, Y. V., additional, Lewis, G. R., additional, Livi, S., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Mele, G., additional, Nicolaou, G., additional, Watson, G., additional, and Wicks, R. T., additional

Published
2021
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50. High-cadence measurements of electron pitch-angle distributions from Solar Orbiter SWA-EAS burst mode operations

Author

Owen, C. J., primary, Kataria, D. O., additional, Berčič, L., additional, Horbury, T. S., additional, Berthomier, M., additional, Verscharen, D., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Livi, S., additional, Louarn, P., additional, Anekallu, C., additional, Kelly, C. W., additional, Lewis, G. R., additional, Watson, G., additional, Fortunato, V., additional, Mele, G., additional, Nicolaou, G., additional, Wicks, R. T., additional, O’Brien, H., additional, Evans, V., additional, and Angelini, V., additional

Published
2021
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