69 results on '"Liugang Chen"'
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2. Design of Single-Atom Catalysts for Hg0 Oxidation Using H2O2
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Weijie Yang, Xuelu Chen, Liugang Chen, Yajun Feng, Chongchong Wu, Xunlei Ding, Zhengyang Gao, Yanfeng Liu, and Hao Li
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General Energy ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
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3. Effect of hydromagnesite on the hydration of hydratable alumina and properties of corundum-based castables
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Ye Li, Hongrui Zhang, Liu Guo, Peixiong Zhang, Gang Wang, Pengtao Zhai, Lei Lei, and Liugang Chen
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Process Chemistry and Technology ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
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4. Inhibited Cr(VI) formation in Cr2O3-containing refractory castable using reactive MgO as hydraulic binder
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Liu Guo, Shengqiang Song, Yuandong Mu, Guotian Ye, and Liugang Chen
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Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites - Published
- 2022
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5. Reaction of CaSi2 and FeCl2 with additional NaCl to synthesis of β-FeSi2/Si composites
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Ye Li, Jilani Ansari, Yosuke Shimura, Hirokazu Tatsuoka, and Liugang Chen
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Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2022
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6. Controlling hydration of hydratable alumina via co‐grinding with Mg–Al hydrotalcite
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Liugang Chen, Liu Guo, Hongrui Zhang, and Ye Li
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Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites - Published
- 2023
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7. Controllable preparation of porous ZrB2–SiC ceramics via using KCl space holders
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Xinhong Liu, Quanli Jia, Yicheng Yin, Shaowei Zhang, Shijie Wang, and Liugang Chen
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Work (thermodynamics) ,Materials science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Sintering ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Thermal conductivity ,Compressive strength ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Ceramic ,Particle size ,Composite material ,Porosity ,Porous medium - Abstract
In this work, a novel and facile technique based on using KCl as space holders, along with partial sintering (at 1900 °C for 30 min), was explored to prepare porous ZrB2–SiC ceramics with controllable pore structure, tunable compressive strength and thermal conductivity. The as-prepared porous ZrB2–SiC samples possess high porosity of 45–67%, low average pore size of 3–7 μm, high compressive strength of 32–106 MPa, and low room temperature thermal conductivity of 13–34 W m−1 K−1. The porosity, pore structure, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of porous ZrB2–SiC ceramics can be tuned simply by changing KCl content and its particle size. The effect of porosity and pore structure on the thermal conductivity of as-prepared porous ZrB2–SiC ceramics was examined and found to be consistent with the classical model for porous materials. The poring mechanism of porous ZrB2–SiC samples via adding pore-forming agent combined with partial sintering was also preliminary illustrated. more...
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- 2021
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8. Coordination engineering for single-atom catalysts in bifunctional oxidation NO and mercury
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Weijie Yang, Binghui Zhou, Liugang Chen, Ruiyang Shi, Hao Li, Xiaoshuo Liu, and Zhengyang Gao
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Fuel Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology - Published
- 2023
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9. Corrosion of Corundum–MgAl2O4 Spinel-Based Castables in CaO–SiO2–Fe2O3–Al2O3-Based Slag at 1650 °C
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Quanli Jia, Liu Guo, Hongxia Li, Gang Wang, Shuhe Hu, and Liugang Chen
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Cement ,Materials science ,Aluminate ,Spinel ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Slag ,Corundum ,engineering.material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Corrosion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Infiltration (hydrology) ,chemistry ,Flexural strength ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering - Abstract
Corundum–MgAl2O4 spinel-based castables bonded with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and hydratable alumina (HA) were studied to evaluate their performance as gas purging plugs in steel ladles. The thermomechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the as-prepared castables were investigated. The results indicate that the cold crushing strength and modulus of rupture of castables bonded with CAC and HA after firing at 1600 °C are in the same levels of 160 and 32 MPa, respectively. The sample bonded with HA showed lower permanent change of − 0.23 pct and slag infiltration index of 0.07 compared with CAC-bonded samples (> 0.34 pct and > 0.36, respectively), suggesting the better volume stability and corrosion and slag infiltration resistance to CaO–SiO2–Fe2O3–Al2O3-based slag of HA-bonded castable. The in situ-formed MgAl2O4 spinel changed the corrosion and infiltration indices of CAC-bonded castable to 0.09 and 0.39, respectively, compared with castable without in situ MgAl2O4 spinel, indicating that the corrosion resistance was improved but the infiltration resistance was reduced by the in situ-formed MgAl2O4 spinel. more...
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- 2021
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10. Effect of water‐soluble magnesium lactate on the volume stability of refractory castables containing calcium aluminate cement
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Junyan Cui, Liu Guo, Quanli Jia, Liugang Chen, Yuandong Mu, Yunhe Fu, and Zongqiang Zhao
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Marketing ,Cement ,Materials science ,Magnesium ,Aluminate ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,Condensed Matter Physics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Water soluble ,Volume (thermodynamics) ,chemistry ,Refractory ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Nuclear chemistry - Published
- 2021
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11. Evolution in properties of high alumina castables containing basic zinc carbonate
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Quanli Jia, Gang Wang, Yuandong Mu, Xiaoyu Wang, Ye Li, Liugang Chen, and Liu Guo
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010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Aluminate ,Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Zinc ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Flexural strength ,Chemical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Carbonate ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
To improve the properties of high alumina castables containing calcium aluminate cement (CAC) after firing at elevated temperatures, micro-sized basic zinc carbonate (BZC) was introduced as ZnO-based nano fragments into castables. To account for the influence of BZC on the evolution of castable properties, the phase composition and microstructure of castable matrices were examined with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. Properties of castables having BZC were compared with those with Zn(OH)2. Results show that strength of castables added with BZC after firing at both medium temperatures and 1550 °C was improved. The volume stability and hot modulus of rupture at 1550 °C of fired castables containing BZC were also enhanced. more...
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- 2021
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12. A novel strategy to fabricate high-strength mullite by the reaction sintering method using Al3+/Ce4+-doped SiO2
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Liyuan Yang, Xinhong Liu, Jinxing Gao, Zhu Xianzhong, Fei Zhao, Keke Li, Liugang Chen, Enxia Xu, and Tiezhu Ge
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Doping ,Sintering ,Mullite ,02 engineering and technology ,Atmospheric temperature range ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Compressive strength ,Chemical engineering ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Melting point ,Particle ,Ceramic ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
This study presents a novel strategy for fabricating high-strength mullite using Al3+/Ce4+-doped SiO2 and γ-Al2O3 powders. Doping of Al3+/Ce4+ ions in SiO2 results in the formation of a large amount of low-viscosity liquid phase in a narrow temperature range, which benefited the particle arrangement (closer) and reduced pores formation, thereby accelerating the mullitization rate and promoting the mullite grains growth. At elevated temperatures, almost all-SiO2 liquid phase were consumed due to a relatively high mullitization rate, and cerianite (CeO2) with high melting point gradually precipitated. Thus, the obtained ceramics with highly dense structure, and fully developed elongated columnar slab-shaped mullite grains form an interlocking structure, thereby leading to a high compressive strength (308.0 MPa) and excellent refractoriness under load (1672 °C). more...
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- 2021
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13. Intermetallic compounds formed in Sn droplet on Cu substrate under the impact of electric currents
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Hongxing Zheng, Su Yueying, Tianqing Zheng, Changjiang Song, Rui Zhu, Shen Yanping, Yunhu Zhang, Qijie Zhai, Liugang Chen, and Xu Yanyi
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Materials science ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Mechanical Engineering ,Flow (psychology) ,Intermetallic ,Substrate (electronics) ,Magnetic field ,symbols.namesake ,Mechanics of Materials ,Chemical physics ,Electrode ,symbols ,General Materials Science ,Electric current ,Lorentz force - Abstract
The present paper investigates the influence of electric currents on the formation of Sn/Cu intermetallic compounds. Solidification experiments of Sn droplets on Cu substrate were performed under the impact of direct csurrents (DC) and pulsed electric currents (ECP), respectively. The results show that the precipitation of Cu6Sn5 from the Sn/Cu interfacial reaction is significantly enhanced by both DC and ECP. DC promotes the formation of Cu6Sn5 at the interface, whereas ECP triggers the detachment of Cu6Sn5 at the interface and favors the growth of freely floated Cu6Sn5 particles in the bulk Sn melt. Numerical simulations were conducted to calculate the distribution of electric current, induced magnetic field, Lorentz force and forced flow inside the Sn melt. The numerical results show that a strong downwards Lorentz force is generated adjacent electrode bottom owing to the interaction between electric current and induced magnetic field. As a result, a global forced flow is caused inside the Sn melt. It is possible that the forced flow induces the elements transport to promote the precipitation of intermetallic compounds. Moreover, a strong Lorentz force difference between Sn melt and Cu6Sn5 is generated under the application of ECP compared with that of DC, thereby increasing the potential to initiate the detachment of Cu6Sn5. more...
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- 2021
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14. Degradation of magnesia-chromite refractory in ZnO-containing ferrous calcium silicate slags
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Liugang Chen, Shuhe Hu, Quanli Jia, Ao Huang, and Shaowei Zhang
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Materials science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Crucible ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Ferrous ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Refractory (planetary science) ,010302 applied physics ,Magnesium ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Metallurgy ,Slag ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Copper ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Calcium silicate ,Smelting ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
To assess the impact of changes in slag type on the degradation of refractory linings of secondary copper smelters, the degradation behavior of direct-bonded and fused grain magnesia–chromite refractories in ZnO-containing ferrous calcium silicate slags was studied via dynamic refractory finger and static refractory crucible tests at 1200 °C under Ar atmosphere. The effect of ZnO level in the slag and refractory type on the degradation behavior was determined. A combination of microstructural and compositional characterizations of tested refractories, and thermodynamic calculations leads to comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanism of the refractories. Based on the degradation mechanism, conclusions can be given about the prediction of lifetime of refractory lining when the slag type changes from fayalite-based to ferrous calcium silicate-based slags for secondary copper smelting. more...
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- 2021
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15. Effect of grinding on the hydration of hydratable alumina and properties of hydratable alumina-bonded castables
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Liugang Chen, Lvping Fu, Dafei Ding, Zhongtao Luo, Ye Li, and Liu Guo
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Grinding ,Phase composition ,0103 physical sciences ,Mechanical strength ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Ball mill - Abstract
Hydratable alumina (HA) is a superior Ca-free refractory binder, but the quick hydration rate restricts the working time of castables bonded with HA. In this work, HA was grounded for 1 h and 6 h by a rotational ball mill to study the effect of grinding on the hydration of HA and properties of HA-bonded castables. HA samples with and without grinding were cured at 30 °C and then terminated by freeze-vacuum drying. The phase composition and microstructure of the dried HA samples were then examined. Moreover, flow ability and mechanical strength of castables containing ungrounded and grounded HA were also investigated. The results indicate that the specific area of HA particles were decreased by grinding as the micro-pores and micro-cracks on the surface of HA particles were blocked by smaller HA particles, thereby decreasing the hydration rate of HA and increasing the flow ability of castables. more...
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- 2021
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16. Synthesized K 2 O·11Al 2 O 3 as sagger matrix for the preparation of Li‐ion battery cathode materials at high temperatures
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Mingyang Liu, Liugang Chen, Guotian Ye, Wenying Zhou, Dafei Ding, and Pengtao Zhai
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Marketing ,Battery (electricity) ,Matrix (mathematics) ,Materials science ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Cathode ,Ion ,law.invention - Published
- 2021
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17. Effect of Zn(OH)2 on properties of corundum based castables bonded with calcium aluminate cement
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Guotian Ye, Liu Guo, Dafei Ding, Liugang Chen, and Ye Li
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Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Aluminate ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Corundum ,02 engineering and technology ,Zinc ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramic ,010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Spinel ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,visual_art ,Ceramics and Composites ,engineering ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
In this work, the effect of Zn(OH)2 on properties of corundum based castables bonded with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) was investigated. The phase composition and microstructure of castable matrixes containing Zn(OH)2 after firing 800 °C, 1100 °C and 1550 °C were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectra, respectively. The results indicate that a small amount of Zn(OH)2 can dramatically improve the medium temperature strength of castables because the generation of zinc aluminate spinel increases the ceramic bonding of castables. In addition, the addition of Zn(OH)2 also improves the volume stability of CAC-bonded castables due to the enhanced formation of pores from Zn(OH)2 decomposition in castables. more...
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- 2021
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18. Use of Coal Gangue to Prepare Refractory Saggars with Superior Corrosion Resistance and Thermomechanical Properties for the Calcination of Li-Ion Battery Cathode Materials
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Yuandong Mu, Guotian Ye, Liugang Chen, Dafei Ding, and Liu Guo
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Battery (electricity) ,Fabrication ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Mullite ,General Chemistry ,Cathode ,law.invention ,Corrosion ,law ,Aluminosilicate ,Environmental Chemistry ,Calcination ,Refractory (planetary science) - Abstract
Mullite (3Al₂O₃·2SiO₂) is commonly used as the basic component to prepare refractory saggars for the calcination of Li-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials. Coal gangue, basically treated as aluminosilicate solid waste/tailings, could be used as the starting material to synthesize mullite at elevated temperatures. However, high operation energy and additional high-quality alumina sources are required in this process. In addition, mullite is prone to corrosion by LIB cathode materials, which remains a major challenge. The present work reports the design and fabrication of refractory powders with a core–shell structure comprising calcined coal gangue (CCG) and a layer of in situ-generated KAlSi₂O₆ (KAS₄) around CCG grains. The obtained CCG–KAS₄ powders with a core–shell structure exhibit superior corrosion resistance against the Li(NiₓCoyMnz)O₂ precursor/material during calcination compared with CCG or mullite. Materials prepared with CCG–KAS₄ powders containing 4.2 and 8.4 wt % KAS₄ possess better thermomechanical properties than those synthesized from mullite powders. This makes coal gangue a good candidate to prepare refractory saggars for the calcination of LIB cathode materials. more...
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- 2020
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19. Effect of particle size of hydromagnesite on properties of calcium aluminate cement bonded corundum based castables
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Ye Li, Liugang Chen, Dafei Ding, and Liu Guo
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010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Aluminate ,Corundum ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,engineering ,Particle ,Particle size ,Composite material ,Hydromagnesite ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Calcium aluminate cement was premixed with hydromagnesite having different particle sizes, as a calcium magnesium aluminate cement precursor, to investigate the influence of particle size of hydromagnesite on the volume stability and thermo-mechanical properties of corundum based castables after firing at 1550 °C. The impact of particle size of hydromagnesite on the phase composition and microstructure evolution of fired castables matrix were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results demonstrate that hydromagnesite with smaller particle size has a better volumetric stability and thermo-mechanical properties of castables, because of the more homogeneously distributed micro-pores, and smaller size MA and CA6 resulted from the more uniformly distributed hydromagnesite in castables. more...
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- 2020
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20. Effect of curing time on the volume stability of corundum based castables bonded with calcium aluminate cement
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Qingfeng Wang, Dafei Ding, Ye Li, Guotian Ye, Liu Guo, Liugang Chen, and Guihua Liao
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Materials science ,Aluminate ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Corundum ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Calcium ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Volume expansion ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Dehydration ,Composite material ,010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Penetration (firestop) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Curing time ,chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,engineering ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The formation of CA2 and CA6 in calcium aluminate cement bonded castables lead to a large volume expansion, which probably results in the generation of cracks, thereby increasing slag penetration and decreasing mechanical strength. In this study, the influence of curing time on the dimensional stability of calcium aluminate cement bonded castables is considered to improve the volumetric stability. Phase compositions and morphologies evolution of matrix samples and castables are characterized by XRD and SEM, respectively. The results indicate that the volume stability of castables is greatly improved by increasing curing time from 0.5 days to 6 days after firing at 1600 °C. This can be attributed to two main reasons. First, the improvement in migration of CaO through extending curing time favors more uniform distribution of in situ CA6. Second, more hydrates after dehydration creates more micro-pores, thereby providing space for the generation of in situ CA6. more...
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- 2020
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21. Analysis of melting reconstruction treatment and cement solidification on ultra-risk municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash–blast furnace slag mixtures
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Mu Yuandong, Zhang Meixiang, Luo Zhongtao, Jun Zhao, Liugang Chen, and Lei Liu
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Cement ,Blast furnace ,Materials science ,Construction Materials ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Metallurgy ,Incineration ,General Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,Solid Waste ,Microstructure ,Coal Ash ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Carbon ,Refuse Disposal ,Municipal solid waste incinerator ,Compressive strength ,Ground granulated blast-furnace slag ,Metals, Heavy ,Fly ash ,Environmental Chemistry ,Particulate Matter ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
High temperature melting treatment and cement solidification are technologies currently used to reduce the leaching of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash. In this paper, to ascertain the feasibility of melting MSWI fly ash with blast furnace (BF) slag, ultra-risk MSWI(U-MSWI) fly ash having high heavy metal (Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cr) contents were blended with BF slag, then melted and quenched into water to prepare reconstructed slag. The melting and solidification behaviors, phase composition and microstructure, and heavy metal leachability of reconstructed slag were studied. In addition, to study the further solidification and utilization of reconstructed slag in cement, the compressive strength and leaching concentration of cement composites with reconstructed slag were also investigated. The results indicate that the presence of heavy metals in the U-MSWI fly ash had a little influence on the microstructure and phase composition of reconstructed slag. The leaching concentration of heavy metals in the reconstructed slag increased with the increasing of U-MSWI fly ash content, and when the content of U-MSWI fly ash was less than 50 wt%, the reconstructed slag could meet the environmental requirements. The reconstructed slag further solidified by cement could be applied to landfill and construction materials. The technology of melting reconstruction treatment with cement solidification was a technical-economical choice for the industrial treatment of U-MSWI fly ash. more...
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- 2020
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22. Chemical Corrosion Behavior of Chrome-Free Sic-Mgal2o4 Composites Under Simulated Coal-Water Gasification Conditions
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Honggang Sun, Hongxia Li, Liugang Chen, Miao Xia, Yaochen Si, Xinlian Shang, Yihao Du, and Shixian Zhao
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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23. The impact of mechanical grinding on calcium aluminate cement hydration at 30 °C
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Liugang Chen, Qingfeng Wang, Kun Liu, Song Gao, Anbang Chen, Ying Zhou, Guotian Ye, Lichun Zheng, and Xuejun Shang
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010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Materials science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Aluminate ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Calcium ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Grinding ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Phase composition ,0103 physical sciences ,Particle-size distribution ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Particle size ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) was ground for 1 and 2 h to investigate the impact of mechanical grinding on CAC hydration at 30 °C and CAC-bonded castable strength. Phase composition and microstructure of unground and ground cements after hydration for predetermined times and terminated by the freeze-vacuum drying were compared. The results indicate that the particle size and particle size distribution of CAC were reduced and narrowed, respectively by grinding, thereby favoring the hydration rate and the conversation of C2AH8 to C3AH6. Then enhanced cement hydration also increases the strengths of castables bonded with milled CAC after drying and firing. more...
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- 2019
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24. Preparation of andalusite-corundum-KAlSi2O6 material for the calcination of Li-ion battery cathode materials
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Guihua Liao, Dafei Ding, Liugang Chen, Guotian Ye, Lichun Zheng, and Song Gao
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Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Spinel ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Corundum ,Mullite ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,0104 chemical sciences ,Corrosion ,Andalusite ,law.invention ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Calcination ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The conventional refractory sagger materials, e.g., mullite, cordierite, and magnesium aluminum spinel, employed to calcine Li-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials, are easily attacked by the LIB material and thus have short lifetimes. To improve the corrosion resistances of refractory saggers to LIB materials, andalusite–KAlSi2O6 (KAS4) materials with different contents of in-situ KAS4 were synthesized using andalusite and KAS4 precursor calcined at 1300 °C. The microstructure evolution, phase development, corrosion resistances to Li(NixCoyMnz)O2 (LNCM) cathode materials and thermomechanical properties of the designed andalusite-KAS4 materials were characterized. The results show that the corrosion resistances of the prepared andalusite–KAS4 material were superior to those of the LNCM materials owing to the in–situ KAS4 wrapping andalusite grains. The prepared andalusite–corundum–KAS4 materials also exhibited improved strengths and appropriate thermal shock resistances compared with mullite-based refractories. more...
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- 2019
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25. Superior corrosion resistance KAlSi2O6-containing materials for calcining Li-ion battery cathode materials
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Guotian Ye, Dafei Ding, and Liugang Chen
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Battery (electricity) ,Materials science ,020209 energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Cathode ,Ion ,Corrosion ,law.invention ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,Calcination ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
Guided by the corrosion mechanism in contact with Li(NixCoyMnz)O2 materials, a method was developed by wrapping refractory grains with a KAlSi2O6 (KAS4) layer for corrosion protection during the calcination of Li-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials. Preformed or in-situ KAS4 surrounds around refractory grains as a corrosion barrier by physically separating their contact with LIB materials. Because KAS4 did not react (or reacted little) with LIB materials, materials having in-situ or preformed KAS4 exhibit superior corrosion resistance, and in-situ KAS4 improves the corrosion resistance more. Additionally, the in-situ or preformed KAS4 also improves the thermomechanical properties of the prepared materials. more...
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- 2019
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26. Influence of Magnesia on Demoulding Strength of Colloidal Silica-Bonded Castables
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Guotian Ye, Luoqiang Liu, Liugang Chen, Lingling Zhu, and Yang Zhang
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010302 applied physics ,Technology ,Materials science ,magnesia ,Magnesium ,Chemical technology ,Colloidal silica ,chemistry.chemical_element ,TP1-1185 ,02 engineering and technology ,colloidal silica-bonded castables ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry ,chemical bond change ,0103 physical sciences ,demoulding strength ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The change in demoulding strength of colloidal silica-bonded castables with and without magnesia is investigated with emphasis on the relationship between the demoulding strength and chemical bond changes. It was confirmed that the demoulding strength was raised with the presence of magnesia in colloidal silica-bonded castables because of the increased chemical bonding between the sol particles. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicate the formation of new Si–O–Mg chemical bond from the decreased O 1s and Si 2p binding energy, and the appearance of weak vibration peaks at 668 and 419 cm−1 in the spectrum of colloidal silica with the addition of MgO after curing at 30°C for 24 hours. The reaction between colloidal silica and magnesia could promote the formation of –Si–O–Mg–O–Si–bonds, which is the primary reason for the demoulding strength improvement. more...
- Published
- 2019
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27. Interactions between potassium aluminosilicates and Li-ion battery cathode materials during calcination
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Pengtao Zhai, Guotian Ye, Yiming Yin, Liugang Chen, Shuhe Hu, Lingling Zhu, and Dafei Ding
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Potassium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Mullite ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,law.invention ,Corrosion ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,Aluminosilicate ,0103 physical sciences ,Calcination ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
To assess the feasibility of potassium aluminosilicates (KAlSiO4, KAS2 and KAlSi2O6, KAS4) as the refractory sagger material for the calcination of Li-ion battery cathode materials, the interaction behavior between KAS2 (KAS4) and the Li(NixCoyMnz)O2 (LNCM) material was investigated at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1100 °C. The phase composition and microstructure of calcined KAS2 (KAS4)-LNCM precursor mixtures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results indicate that potassium aluminosilicates exhibit superior resistance to corrosion by LNCM materials compared with mullite and MgO-based refractories, and rarely react with LNCM materials during calcination. more...
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- 2019
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28. Andalusite transformation and properties of andalusite-bearing refractories fired in different atmospheres
- Author
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Liugang Chen, Na Li, Guotian Ye, Guihua Liao, Xuekun Tian, and Dafei Ding
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Thermal shock ,Materials science ,Aggregate (composite) ,Scanning electron microscope ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Reducing atmosphere ,Metallurgy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Andalusite ,Atmosphere ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Carbon - Abstract
We found in our research that andalusite aggregate fired in a reducing atmosphere exhibits a lower mullitization rate than that fired in an air atmosphere. For investigating the effect of atmosphere on the transformation of andalusite and the properties of andalusite-containing refractories, andalusite powder (≤0.074 mm) and refractories containing andalusite aggregate (3–1 mm) were fired in air and carbon embedding, respectively. The phases and microstructure of the andalusite fired in both atmospheres were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The correlations of the properties of the andalusite-bearing refractories with the firing atmospheres were investigated in terms of volume stability, mechanical strength, and thermal shock resistance. The difference in the properties of the refractories was discussed with respect to the varied transformation rates of andalusite, and in terms of the different viscosities of the silica-rich glass caused by the different atmospheres. more...
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- 2019
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29. Effect of particle size of calcium aluminate cement on volumetric stability and thermal shock resistance of CAC-bonded castables
- Author
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Dafei Ding, Wenjing Gu, Liugang Chen, Xuejun Shang, Guotian Ye, Lingling Zhu, and Luoqiang Liu
- Subjects
Cement ,Thermal shock ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Aluminate ,Metals and Alloys ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Corundum ,02 engineering and technology ,Calcium ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Particle size ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Curing (chemistry) - Abstract
The distribution and size of in-situ CA6 is related to CAC particle size in CAC-bonded corundum-based castables and would influence the properties of the castables. In order to investigate the influence of CAC particle size on the properties of CAC-bonded castables, CAC was milled for 2 h to reduce particle sizes. The properties of CAC-bonded castables with different CAC particle sizes were investigated in terms of demoulding strength after curing at 30 °C, drying strength after drying at 110 °C and, in particular, volumetric stability and thermal shock resistance after firing at 1450 °C, respectively. The results indicate the volumetric stability and thermal shock resistance of the CAC-bonded castables were improved by replacing unground CAC (D50 = 12.39 μm) with ground CAC (D50 = 1.36 μm) because the incorporation of ground CAC produced smaller-sized CA6 with more uniform distribution after firing at 1450 °C. more...
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- 2019
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30. Difference in pore evolution of calcium aluminate cement-bonded alumina bubble-based castables with micro-sized MgCO3 and Al(OH)3
- Author
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Guotian Ye, Shuhe Hu, Liugang Chen, Lingling Zhu, and Dafei Ding
- Subjects
Materials science ,Aluminate ,Bubble ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Calcium ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Thermal conductivity ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Calcium aluminates ,Porosity ,010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Spinel ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Ceramics and Composites ,engineering ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Micro-sized MgCO3 and Al(OH)3 were used as inorganic porogenic agents for increasing porosity in alumina bubble lightweight castables. The influence of 0–4 wt% micro-sized MgCO3 and 0–8 wt% micro-sized Al(OH)3 additions on the porosity, thermal conductivity and strength of castables after firing was investigated. The results indicate that porosities in castables containing micro-sized Al(OH)3 or MgCO3 after heat-treatment were raised by augmenting micro-sized Al(OH)3 or MgCO3 contents. It is found that MgCO3 favors the porosity formation more than Al(OH)3 in castables because of the different formation behavior of calcium aluminates and MgAl2O4 spinel. The dependence of properties of castables on the micro-sized Al(OH) or MgCO3 addition was discussed with respect to the pore evolution. more...
- Published
- 2018
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31. Effect of Crystallization on the Abrupt Viscosity Increase during the Slag Cooling Process
- Author
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Muxing Guo, Liugang Chen, Zhuangzhuang Liu, and Bart Blanpain
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,law.invention ,Viscosity ,0205 materials engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Scientific method ,Materials Chemistry ,Crystallization ,Slag (welding) ,0210 nano-technology - Published
- 2018
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32. Transient liquid phase diffusion process for porous mullite ceramics with excellent mechanical properties
- Author
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Fei Zhao, Jinxing Gao, Xinhong Liu, Tiezhu Ge, and Liugang Chen
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Diffusion ,Sintering ,Mullite ,Corundum ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Compressive strength ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Ceramic ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Porosity - Abstract
Porous mullite ceramics were fabricated by the transient liquid phase diffusion process, using quartz and fly-ash floating bead (FABA) particles and corundum fines as starting materials. The effects of sintering temperatures on the evolution of phase composition and microstructure, linear shrinkage, porosity and compressive strength of ceramics were investigated. It is found that a large amount of quartz and FABA particles can be transformed into SiO2-rich liquid phase during the sintering process, and the liquid phase is transient in the Al2O3-SiO2 system, which can accelerate the mullitization rate and promote the growth of mullite grains. A large number of closed pores in the mullite ceramics are formed due to the transient liquid phase diffusion at elevated temperatures. The porous mullite ceramics with high closed porosity (about 30%) and excellent compressive strength (maximum 105 MPa) have been obtained after fried at 1700 °C. more...
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- 2018
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33. Corrosion and penetration behaviors of slag/steel on the corroded interfaces of Al2O3-C refractories: Role of Ti3AlC2
- Author
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Yaowu Wei, Nan Li, Liugang Chen, Shaowei Zhang, and Junfeng Chen
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Convection ,Materials science ,Marangoni effect ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Penetration (firestop) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Corrosion ,Temperature gradient ,0103 physical sciences ,Molten steel ,General Materials Science ,Degradation process ,0210 nano-technology ,Dissolution - Abstract
In this study, the degradation behavior of Al2O3-Ti3AlC2-Si-C refractories and a complete degradation process of Ti3AlC2 under a temperature gradient along the penetration direction were investigated by a dynamic corrosion at approximately 1630 °C. The degradation process of Ti3AlC2 affected the local liquid components by assisting to form CaAl12O19 and restrained CaO penetration via trapping into high-melting phase. On refractories-steel/slag interfaces affected by Marangoni convection, the molten steel penetration was suppressed in the samples with Ti3AlC2. A refined texture and increased viscosity, accompanying Ti3AlC2 oxidation and dissolution in molten steel, blocked the pathways and restrained the penetration of molten steel. more...
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- 2018
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34. Effect of micro-sized hydromagnesite addition on the properties of calcium aluminate cement-bonded castables
- Author
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Dafei Ding, Lingling Zhu, Guotian Ye, Liugang Chen, Fei Zhao, and Shuhe Hu
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Cement ,Thermal shock ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Aluminate ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Calcium ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Flexural strength ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Hydromagnesite ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
To assess the viability of micro-sized hydromagnesite as a precursor in refractory castables bonded with calcium aluminate cement, the volumetric stability and thermo-mechanical properties of high-alumina castables containing different micro-sized hydromagnesite amounts (0–1.6 wt%) after firing at 1550 °C were investigated. Phase composition and microstructure evolution in fired castable matrices with different micro-sized hydromagnesite contents were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Dimensional stability, hot modulus of rupture and thermal shock resistance of castables were improved by adding micro-sized hydromagnesite. The microstructure evolution in castable matrix added with micro-sized hydromagnesite was discussed to understand the mechanism of enhanced volume stability and thermo-mechanical properties. more...
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- 2018
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35. Comparison of interactions of MgO-based refractories with Li-ion battery cathode materials during calcination
- Author
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Dafei Ding, Xuan Zhang, Shuhe Hu, Lingling Zhu, Guotian Ye, Suping Li, Liugang Chen, Hongxia Li, and Pengtao Zhai
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010302 applied physics ,Marketing ,Battery (electricity) ,Materials science ,Magnesium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,law.invention ,Ion ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Calcination ,0210 nano-technology - Published
- 2018
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36. Influence of high-energy ball milling and additives on the formation of sphere-like α-Al2O3 powder by high-temperature calcination
- Author
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Hongxia Li, Chunhui Sun, Liugang Chen, Sai Li, Lingling Zhu, and Luoqiang Liu
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,High energy ,Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Chemical engineering ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Calcination ,0210 nano-technology ,Ball mill - Abstract
In comparison with the typically worm-like α-Al2O3 powders formed from an unground Al(OH)3 precursor calcined at 1450°C, spherical α-Al2O3 powders with ~1 μm in size were prepared by the calcination of a ground Al(OH)3 precursor with 5 wt.% [NH4]+BF4 − under the same calcination conditions. The influence of a high-energy ball milling pretreatment as well as of the additives on the morphological evolution of α-Al2O3 powders was studied using the commercial precursor Al(OH)3 as raw material. The results indicate that the morphology of α-Al2O3 powders is closely related to the morphology of the Al(OH)3 precursor and to the introduction of different additives. The refinement of the Al(OH)3 precursor in aggregate size and of the primary crystal size by high-energy ball milling has effectively suppressed the neck growth of α-Al2O3 grains. In contrast to the findings made previously with the introduction of 5 wt.% [NH4]+Cl−, the morphology of the α-Al2O3 particles could be significantly improved from a ground Al(OH)3 precursor with the addition of 5 wt.% [NH4]+BF4 −, which resulted in the formation of spherical α-Al2O3 powders with 1 μm size at 1450°C. more...
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- 2018
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37. Theoretical Prediction and Synthesis of (Cr2/3Zr1/3)2AlC i-MAX Phase
- Author
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Johanna Rosen, Martin Dahlqvist, Jun Lu, Thomas Lapauw, Rahele Meshkian, Jozef Vleugels, Liugang Chen, Fei Wang, Konstantina Lambrinou, Bart Blanpain, and Bensu Tunca
- Subjects
Magnetic structure ,Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,Intermetallic ,02 engineering and technology ,Crystal structure ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Hot pressing ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Phase (matter) ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Chemical composition ,Stoichiometry ,Monoclinic crystal system - Abstract
Guided by predictive theory, a new compound with chemical composition (Cr2/3Zr1/3)2AlC was synthesized by hot pressing of Cr, ZrH2, Al, and C mixtures at 1300 °C. The crystal structure is monoclinic of space group C2/c and displays in-plane chemical order in the metal layers, a so-called i-MAX phase. Quantitative chemical composition analyses confirmed that the primary phase had a (Cr2/3Zr1/3)2AlC stoichiometry, with secondary Cr2AlC, AlZrC2, and ZrC phases and a small amount of Al–Cr intermetallics. A theoretical evaluation of the (Cr2/3Zr1/3)2AlC magnetic structure was performed, indicating an antiferromagnetic ground state. Also (Cr2/3Hf1/3)2AlC, of the same structure, was predicted to be stable. more...
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- 2018
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38. Degradation mechanisms of alumina-chromia refractories for secondary copper smelter linings
- Author
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Jef Vleugels, Muxing Guo, Annelies Malfliet, Bart Blanpain, and Liugang Chen
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Lab scale ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Copper smelter ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,equipment and supplies ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Copper ,Chromia ,Corrosion ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Smelting ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
To assess the viability of an alumina-chromia refractory alternative for secondary copper smelters, the degradation behavior of alumina-chromia refractories in a secondary copper smelting slag and a Cu-CuxO mixture was studied via lab scale refractory finger testing. Microstructural characterization of the worn refractory samples resulted in a comprehensive understanding of the corrosion and penetration resistance and a comparison with the degradation of magnesia-chromite refractories. Alumina grains in the refractory are preferentially corroded by the slag. The alumina-chromia refractory exhibits superior infiltration resistance to the slag and the Cu-CuxO mixture compared to magnesia-chromite refractories. more...
- Published
- 2018
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39. Interactions between mullite saggar refractories and Li-ion battery cathode materials during calcination
- Author
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Dafei Ding, Pengtao Zhai, Guotian Ye, Liugang Chen, Suping Li, and Yiming Yin
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Battery (electricity) ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Mineralogy ,Mullite ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,law.invention ,Ion ,Chemical engineering ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Saggar ,Calcination ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Used mullite-based saggars from a Li(NixCoyMnz)O2 (LNCM) materials-making plant were collected to characterize the degradation occurring during application. Based on the post-mortem analysis, laboratory scale experiments were designed using mixtures of mullite powders and commercial Li-ion battery cathode precursors. The mixtures were calcined at temperatures ranging from 800 °C to 1100 °C, and characterized with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The influence of temperature on the interactions between mullite and LNCM materials was determined. The combination of the post-mortem study and the laboratory scale tests allowed a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the saggar microstructure during degradation. more...
- Published
- 2018
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40. Conversion of calcium aluminate cement hydrates at 60°C with and without water
- Author
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Yang Zhang, Guotian Ye, Wenjing Gu, Liugang Chen, Dafei Ding, and Lingling Zhu
- Subjects
Cement ,Materials science ,Aluminate ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Calcium ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,021105 building & construction ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,0210 nano-technology - Published
- 2018
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41. Effect of B2O3 on Volume Stability and Strength of Corundum-based Castables
- Author
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Xuejun Shang, Guotian Ye, Liugang Chen, Pengtao Zhai, and Chuanyin Zhang
- Subjects
Technology ,Materials science ,Chemicals: Manufacture, use, etc ,Corundum ,TP1-1185 ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,corundum castables ,81.05.je ,General Materials Science ,permanent linear change ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Composite material ,ceramics and refractories ,Chemical technology ,TP200-248 ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,boron oxide ,0104 chemical sciences ,Volume (thermodynamics) ,Mechanics of Materials ,Boron oxide ,hot modulus of rupture ,engineering ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Calcium aluminate cements (CAC) with 0.21 wt% B2O3 and without B2O3 were used as binders of corundum-based castables. The properties of the castables with and without B2O3 after heat treatment at 110 °C, 1,100 °C and 1,450 °C were investigated, with emphasis on studying the effect of B2O3 in CAC on the volume stability and high temperature strength of the castables. It is found that a very small amount (about 0.01 wt%) of B2O3 introduced by the cement alleviates the expansion of the castables after firing at 1,450 °C and decreases the high-temperature strength of castables as the presence of B2O3 should generate liquid phase. more...
- Published
- 2017
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42. Rapid synthesis of dense NiTi alloy through spark plasma sintering of a TiH2/Ni powder mixture
- Author
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Liugang Chen, Bolu Liu, Jan Van Humbeeck, Shuigen Huang, and Jef Vleugels
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Enthalpy ,Alloy ,Titanium hydride ,Spark plasma sintering ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Nickel titanium ,0103 physical sciences ,engineering ,General Materials Science ,Dehydrogenation ,0210 nano-technology ,Powder mixture - Abstract
Dense NiTi alloy was prepared by liquid phase spark plasma sintering from a TiH2 and Ni powder mixture at 1050 °C for 4 min. Dehydrogenation of TiH2 in the powder mixture was rapidly completed after heating to 850 °C. The sintered alloy showed no obvious transformation peaks, whereas the homogenized alloy, thermally treated in Ar at 1150 °C for 2 h, displayed clear transformation peaks with a high transformation enthalpy of 10.6 J/g. The hardness of the sintered and homogenized alloys were statistically the same. more...
- Published
- 2017
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43. Influence of Al2O3 Level in CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 Refining Slags on Slag/Magnesia-Doloma Refractory Interactions
- Author
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Liugang Chen, Bart Blanpain, Peter Tom Jones, Muxing Guo, and Annelies Malfliet
- Subjects
MECHANISM ,Doloma ,Technology ,Materials science ,Materials Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Materials Science, Multidisciplinary ,Corrosion ,Materials Chemistry ,Solubility ,Dissolution ,Refractory (planetary science) ,Refining (metallurgy) ,Science & Technology ,biology ,Magnesium ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Slag ,CORROSION ,Condensed Matter Physics ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering - Abstract
© 2019, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International. The influence of the Al 2 O 3 level in CaO-SiO 2 -MgO-Al 2 O 3 (CSMA) stainless steel refining slags on the degradation of magnesia-doloma refractories was investigated through static refractory finger corrosion tests. The tests were performed at 1620 °C under Ar atmosphere, using slags with Al 2 O 3 contents of 5, 10, and 20 wt pct, respectively. The results indicate that the formation of 2CaO·SiO 2 at the slag/refractory interface was suppressed by increasing the Al 2 O 3 content to 20 wt pct, thereby changing the corrosion mechanism from an indirect dissolution to a direct dissolution of CaO and MgO from the refractories. The increased solubility limit of MgO by the Al 2 O 3 -rich CSMA slags results in an overall higher corrosion rate of the MgO-doloma refractory. ispartof: METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE vol:50 issue:4 pages:1822-1829 status: published more...
- Published
- 2019
44. Effect of water-soluble magnesium lactate on the volume stability of refractory castables containing calcium aluminate cement.
- Author
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Liu Guo, Yunhe Fu, Zongqiang Zhao, Junyan Cui, Yuandong Mu, Quanli Jia, and Liugang Chen
- Subjects
CALCIUM aluminate ,MAGNESIUM ,LACTATES ,SPINEL ,LACTATION ,CEMENT - Abstract
A kind of organic magnesium salt, water-soluble magnesium lactate, was used as the MgO-precursor in new forms to identify the particular impact of additive dispersity on properties of calcium aluminate cement (CAC)-bonded castables, especially the volume stability. Magnesium lactate could dissolve in water in the mixing process, distribute uniformly, and decompose during heating, providing space for counterbalancing the expansion from in-situ calcium aluminates and MgAl
2 O4 spinel generation. Hence, in this study, CAC-bonded castables containing 0-1.2 wt% magnesium lactate were prepared. The volume stability and thermo-mechanical strength of castables were tested. Results show that the dissolution of magnesium lactate in water distinctly enhances the volume stability of castables. To understand the underlying mechanism of water-soluble magnesium lactate on the samples, phase compositions and microstructure development of castable matrices were examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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45. Identification of magnesia–chromite refractory degradation mechanisms of secondary copper smelter linings
- Author
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Shuangliang Li, Bart Blanpain, Peter Tom Jones, Muxing Guo, Liugang Chen, and Annelies Malfliet
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Metallurgy ,Slag ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,Infiltration (HVAC) ,01 natural sciences ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,Smelting ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Fayalite ,Degradation (geology) ,Chromite ,0210 nano-technology ,Refractory (planetary science) - Abstract
Used direct-bonded magnesia–chromite refractory bricks from a secondary Cu smelter were collected to characterize the degradation occurring during application. Based on this post-mortem analysis, lab scale experiments were designed using the direct-bonded refractory type and a fused grain magnesia–chromite refractory. Firstly, the infiltration behavior of a Cu–CuxO and a Cu–CuxO–PbO mixture was investigated. Secondly, the influence of temperature and the prior infiltration of a Cu–CuxO mixture on the infiltration of the ZnO containing fayalite slag was determined. The combination of the post-mortem study and the lab scale tests allowed a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the refractory microstructure during degradation. Likewise, it allowed to evaluate how certain parameters, such as temperature and refractory type, affect the infiltration and degradation behavior. As a consequence, conclusions can be drawn about measures to minimize refractory wear in copper smelter linings. more...
- Published
- 2016
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46. Influence of FeO/SiO2 and CaO/SiO2 Ratios in Iron-Saturated ZnO-Rich Fayalite Slags on the Corrosion of MgO
- Author
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Muxing Guo, Peter Tom Jones, Bart Blanpain, Annelies Malfliet, Liugang Chen, and Huayue Shi
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Olivine ,Magnesium ,Metallurgy ,Analytical chemistry ,Slag ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Crucible ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Corrosion ,chemistry ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Fayalite ,0210 nano-technology ,Dissolution ,Solid solution - Abstract
The corrosion behavior of MgO in iron-saturated ZnO-rich fayalite (ZFS) slags having various FeO/SiO2 ratio and CaO/SiO2 ratio was investigated using MgO crucible tests for 12 h at 1200°C. The FeO/SiO2 and CaO/SiO2 ratios in the ZFS slags were varied from 1.0 to 2.2, and from 0.04 to 0.32, respectively. In all of the tests, it was observed that MgO dissolves into ZFS slags and that (Zn,Fe,Mg)2SiO4 olivine and (Zn,Fe,Mg)O solid solution are formed at the crucible/slag interface. The MgO dissolution decreased with the FeO/SiO2 ratio up to a value of 1.7 and then slightly increased, whereas it continuously increased with the CaO/SiO2 ratio. There is no obvious relationship between the amount of olivine and the FeO/SiO2 ratio or CaO/SiO2 ratio. In comparison, the formation of (Zn,Fe,Mg)O solid solution is enhanced by increasing the FeO/SiO2 ratio or CaO/SiO2 ratio in ZFS slags. The results suggest that MgO corrosion is the lowest for FeO/SiO2 and CaO/SiO2 ratios around 1.7 and 0, respectively. more...
- Published
- 2016
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47. Study of Phase Relations of ZnO-Containing Fayalite Slag Under Fe Saturation
- Author
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Muxing Guo, Huayue Shi, Bart Blanpain, Liugang Chen, Annelies Malfliet, and Peter Tom Jones
- Subjects
Quenching ,Materials science ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Slag ,02 engineering and technology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,law.invention ,0205 materials engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,Ground granulated blast-furnace slag ,law ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Fayalite ,Crystallization ,Saturation (chemistry) ,Chemical composition - Abstract
A ZnO-containing fayalite-based slag can be formed in copper smelting from secondary raw materials and its high viscosity is a common issue that hinders slag tapping. In this work, the crystallization behavior of the industrial slag was observed in situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Solid precipitation was found to be the major cause of the poor slag fluidity. The phase relations in the industrial slag system ZnO-“FeO”-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO (CaO/SiO2 = 0.05, Al2O3/SiO2 = 0.15) were investigated by quenching the samples after reaching equilibrium at 1423 K (1150 °C) under iron saturation. The equilibrium composition of the phases was determined with electron probe micro-analysis. The effect of individual components, such as FeO, ZnO, and CaO on the phase equilibrium of the slag system has been quantitatively studied. The relation between the solid-phase fraction and the chemical composition of the slag has been revealed. Suggestions to modify the slag composition toward low viscosity are provided. more...
- Published
- 2016
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48. Effect of ZnO level in secondary copper smelting slags on slag/magnesia-chromite refractory interactions
- Author
-
Annelies Malfliet, Shuigen Huang, Peter Tom Jones, Liugang Chen, Muxing Guo, Bart Blanpain, and Huayue Shi
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Reducing atmosphere ,Metallurgy ,Spinel ,Slag ,Crucible ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,engineering ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Fayalite ,Chromite ,Periclase ,0210 nano-technology ,Dissolution - Abstract
To determine the effect of ZnO in ZnO-containing fayalite (ZFS) slags on the degradation of magnesia-chromite refractories, the corrosion behaviour of a direct-bonded magnesia-chromite refractory was studied by rotating refractory finger tests at 1200 °C under reducing atmosphere. In addition, MgO crucible tests at these conditions were performed to investigate in particular the effect of ZnO on the slag/MgO interaction. The dissolution of MgO from periclase into the ZFS slags is not enhanced by increasing the ZnO content in the slags. (Fe,Mg,Zn)2SiO4 olivine and (Fe,Mg,Zn)O solid solution are the only two products in the slag/MgO interfacial reactions, even when the ZnO content in the ZFS slag reaches 16.7 wt%. The diffusion of ZnO into the chromite grains to form the (Fe,Mg,Zn)(Fe,Al,Cr)2O4 spinel was favoured with increasing the ZnO content in ZFS slags. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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49. Degradation mechanisms of alumina–silica runner refractories by carbon steel during ingot casting process
- Author
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Liugang Chen, Annelies Malfliet, Peter Tom Jones, Muxing Guo, and Bart Blanpain
- Subjects
Materials science ,Carbon steel ,Amorphous silica-alumina ,Crucible ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Refractory (planetary science) ,010302 applied physics ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Reducing atmosphere ,fungi ,Metallurgy ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Slag ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,visual_art ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Degradation (geology) ,Grain boundary ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The corrosion behavior of alumina-silica (Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 ) refractories by liquid carbon steel was studied. This was performed by a refractory crucible test in a vacuum induction furnace at 1520–1545 °C under reducing atmosphere. The results indicate that Mn, Si and a minor amount of Fe in the steel were oxidized at steel/refractory interface, combing with refractory components to form a MnO–SiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 –based slag. This slag was liquid at the testing temperature, and infiltrated along the open-pore network and the grain boundaries into the Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 refractories. Both Al 2 O 3 –rich and Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 aggregates in the refractories dissolved into the infiltrating slag. As a result, the refractories were structurally weakened and residual Al 2 O 3 –rich and Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 aggregates in the hot face of the refractories were washed away into the liquid steel, affecting steel quality. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Effect of process parameters on the phase transformation behavior and tensile properties of NiTi shape memory alloys fabricated by selective laser melting
- Author
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Liugang Chen, Xiebin Wang, Jiangwei Liu, Jie Sun, Yang Qin, Jingya Yu, Guoqun Zhao, Jan Van Humbeeck, Zuocheng Wang, Huiliang Wei, and Zhihui Zhang
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Work (thermodynamics) ,Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Shape-memory alloy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Nickel titanium ,Phase (matter) ,Ultimate tensile strength ,General Materials Science ,Laser power scaling ,Elongation ,Selective laser melting ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Engineering (miscellaneous) - Abstract
In this work, we show that selective laser melting (SLM), apart from producing complex structures, can also act as a metallurgical method to modify the Ni/Ti ratio of NiTi shape memory alloys, and thus providing a feasible approach to tailor the transformation temperatures and to modify the mechanical performance of NiTi alloys. NiTi samples were fabricated by SLM with a large variation of process parameters, e.g. scanning speed (v) from 400 to 1200 mm s−1, hatch spacing (h) from 40 to 110 μm, and laser power (P) from 60 to 200 W. It is found that the martensite transformation temperature changes monotonously with the respective change of v, h or P. The composition analysis suggests that the different amount of Ni-loss under various SLM process conditions is the main reason for the evolution of transformation temperatures. Most importantly, good mechanical (total elongation >10 %) and functional properties under tensile mode have been obtained despite of the large variation of SLM process parameters and the presence of extensive defects. The good tensile properties and tailorable phase transformation temperatures will provide great potential to make novel NiTi smart structures. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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