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Escherichia coli, a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium, is a significant causative agent of severe clinical bacterial infections. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing mcr-1 -positive E. coli in Shandong, China. We collected 668 non-duplicate ESBL-producing E. coli strains from clinical samples at Shandong Provincial Hospital between January and December 2018, and estimated their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using a VITEK® 2 compact system and broth microdilution. Next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analyses identified the mcr-1 gene and other resistance genes in the polymyxin B-resistant strains. The conjugation experiment assessed the horizontal transfer capacity of the mcr-1 gene. Of the strains collected, 24 polymyxin B-resistant strains were isolated with a positivity rate of 3.59% and among the 668 strains, 19 clinical strains carried the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1, with a positivity rate of approximately 2.8%. All 19 clinical strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and polymyxin B. Seventeen strains successfully transferred the mcr-1 gene into E. coli J53. All transconjugants were resistant to polymyxin B, and carried the drug resistance gene mcr-1. The 19 clinical strains had 14 sequence types (STs), with ST155 (n = 4) being the most common. The whole-genome sequencing results of pECO-POL-29_mcr1 revealed that no ISApl1 insertion sequences were found on either side of the mcr-1 gene. Our study uncovered the molecular epidemiology of mcr-1-carrying ESBL-producing E. coli in the region and suggested horizontal transmission mediated by plasmids as the main mode of mcr-1 transmission.

Objective Under the equipotential connection method between platform door system and steel rail, once the ground insulation of the platform door system weakens, the discharge is prone to occur. In order to ensure passengers′ safety, effective insulation safeguard measures for the platform door should be taken based on this method. Method The advantages of equipotential connection of the platform door and the steel rail are analyzed from the two dimensions of the electrical insulation mechanism of the platform door and human electrical safety. A rail potential calculation model is established to simulate the rail potential at the platform door under normal and extreme working conditions. The influence of the parameters of the return current system on the above mentioned rail potential under normal working conditions is analyzed by using the method of changing the value of one single parameter at a time, and the distribution curve of the above rail potential under extreme working conditions is calculated. The testing method and the relevant maintenance measures for the platform door insulation are put forward. Result & Conclusion When the equipotential connection method of the platform door system and the steel rail is used, the maximum value of the rail potential should not exceed 60 V. Under extreme working conditions, the rail potential at the platform door may exceed the above threshold, which may pose threat to the physical safety of the passengers. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to ensure the effectiveness of the platform door insulation.

To analyze the community characteristics of tropical monsoon forests with different succession stages, four different plant communities named A, B, C, and D were investigated in this study, respectively, in a typical monsoon forest of Ehuangzhang in Yangchun, Guangdong Province. The species composition, biodiversity and spatial structure were analyzed, their maturity levels’ differences were detemined, succession direction was predicted, and suggestions for optimization were put forward. The results were as follows: (1) The forest layers of the four communities were single. Small diameter at breast height (DBH) class trees and lower forest dominated these communities, owning 1-3 obvious dominant species. (2) The Shannon-Wiener index ranged from 2.72 to 3.74, Simpson index from 0.90 to 0.97, and Pielou evenness index from 0.74 to 0.89, suggesting that their diversity characteristics were significant differences. (3) Their dominance ranged from 0.49 to 0.51, uniform angle from 0.56 to 0.61, mingling from 0.54 to 0.83, forest spatial structure index from 60.57 to 71.44, forest spatial structure distance from 53.15 to 68.53. (4) The analysis of community basic characteristics, diversity characteristics and spatial structural characteristics indicated that the maturity levels in all community ranked D > A > C > B. In conclusion, four communities are currently in the pre- or mid-term succession stages and the development space of DBH and tree height is large. The four communities are in the moderate growth state. All trees show a slight aggregated distribution, and the tree species are moderately, strongly or very strongly mingling. Besides, there is a distance in spatial structure between four communities and ideal forest with the development of maturity levels. The four communities continue to succession with intolerant tree species as the main dominant tree species, and gradually and preliminarily have the typical vegetation characteristics of the district forest climax community. With the development of maturity levels, the four communities’ biodiversity and mingling will increase, the spatial structure will be optimized and the stability will be enhanced. The results of this study provide scientific basis for community construction mechanism and forest structure optimization. In the future, Ehuangzhang tropical monsoon forests should be more regulated and protected, while the ecology of vegetation and biodiversity conservation in the area should be widely monitored and studied in depth.

At present, The predominant method of anomaly detection for wind turbines remains manual "sound inspection" conducted by experienced operation and maintenance personnel, despite its low efficiency and poor timeliness. The application research on wind turbines anomaly detection is still in its early stages, despite the inherent characteristics of security, continuity, and stability associated with acoustic fault detection. Recognizing the audio fault detection characteristics , this paper presents a few shot anomaly detection method for wind turbines based on audio data, to support quick diagnosis by operation and maintenance staff. Firstly, a wind turbine audio fault detection system is established and the collected wind turbine fault audio data is preprocessed using a recurrent neural network (RNNoise). Then, in view of the deficiency of effective samples of wind turbine faults and the presence of pseudo samples, the compression and reconstruction anomaly detection method was used to facilitate few shot anomaly detection. Finally, pseudo faults were further distinguished by the reverse gradient transfer of anomaly data, leading to an enhancement of fault detection accuracy. Actual data collected in an experiment show a more than 95% recognition rate for abnormal sound arising from wind turbine yaw, demonstrating the viability of the proposed technique for deployment at wind farms. This application contributes to improving the intelligent technical level of wind farms.

Objective To detect autoantibodies and D-dimer in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or with hepatitis B cirrhosis (cirrhosis), and explore the value of detection in evaluating disease progression and prognosis of the patients. Methods A total of 147 consecutive cases meeting the enrollment criteria were collected in out hospital during January 2020 to January 2023, including 82 cases of CHB(CHB group) and 65 cases of cirrhosis(Cirrhosis group). Sixty healthy subjects were selected as the control, and autoantibody detection and D-dimer level were analyzed. In Cirrhosis group,patients died or suffered from digestive bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy were classified into poor prognosis group, and the other into good prognosis group. The autoantibody positivity and D-dimer level were included in binary logistic regression analysis to idetntify the risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with cirrhosis. Results The positive rate of autoantibody in CHB Group （25.61%）and Cirrhosis group （27.69%）were higher than that in control group（8.33%） (P

Lung cancer has a high mortality rate largely due to late-stage diagnosis. Detecting protein and genetic biomarkers through electrochemical immunosensors enables non-invasive early diagnosis. This review discusses recent advances in electrochemical immunosensors for detecting clinically relevant lung cancer biomarkers. The use of nanomaterials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal nanoparticles, and conducting polymers in sensor fabrication improves electron transfer kinetics, enhances signal transduction, and allows higher antibody loading. Smart surface immobilization strategies optimize antibody orientation and binding capacity. Amplification approaches utilizing nanomaterials, enzymes, polymers, dendrimers, and DNA nanostructures are applied to enhance output signal per binding event. Various electroanalytical techniques including amperometry, potentiometry, impedance spectroscopy, and voltammetry are employed for quantitative monitoring. Recent immunosensors showcase low detection limits and wide linear ranges for measurement of major biomarkers like carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron specific enolase, and cytokeratin fragment 21-1. Emerging biomarkers such as microRNAs and circulating tumor cells have also been targeted. However, reproducibility, selectivity, multiplexing, and integration with point-of-care platforms need improvement for widespread clinical translation. Overall, electrochemical immunosensors hold immense potential for sensitive, affordable lung cancer diagnosis if ongoing efforts can address current limitations.

With the rapid advancement of China's urbanization, industrialization, and marketization, and the in-depth implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the response of the territorial system of human-environment interaction in rural areas is intense, and the agricultural industry has shown a diversified development trend. Sorting and summarizing the existing research on domestic agricultural functions is important for promoting sustainable agricultural development in the new era, accelerating agricultural transformation and upgrading, and comprehensively revitalizing rural areas. Domestic scholars attach great importance to agricultural development and the services that the agricultural industry provides to society. Geographers have used their disciplinary advantages and have gradually integrated multidisciplinary theories and methods to conduct numerous studies on the conceptual connotations, theoretical bases, classification systems, measurements and evaluations, spatiotemporal processes, influencing factors, and optimization paths of agricultural functions. The academic circle has initially formed the geographical research paradigm of "theoretical basis-spatial pattern- evolution process-influence mechanism-optimal regulation." This study reviews the research progress of agricultural function in China from the perspective of geography and draws the following conclusions: 1) Based on the sorting of the definition of agricultural function in China, this paper defines agricultural function as the role or utility of agriculture, that is, the services and responsibilities that the whole agricultural industry chain renders to the whole society at different times and spaces, including providing products, solving employment problems, inheriting culture, maintaining social stability, and providing ecological services. Furthermore, it has comprehensive, cross-sectional, and regional characteristics. 2) The theoretical basis of agricultural function research includes the territorial system of human-environment interaction, agricultural multifunction, agricultural location, and agricultural function stage theories. Geographers can further improve and enrich relevant theories of agricultural functions through continuous research. 3) Considering the contribution and support of agricultural development to regional socioeconomic development and residents' lives, the researchers divided agricultural functions into product supply, economic development, social security, ecological maintenance, cultural leisure, and so on, and the spatial changes and regional characteristics of agricultural functions were further studied using GIS and RS technology and a geographic mathematical model. 4) The development of agricultural functions is affected by regional natural conditions, economic level, science, and technology. Scholars systematically integrate natural, social, economic, and other factors; scientifically diagnose each factor's mode, direction, and intensity of action in different geographical environments; and perform functional zoning and optimization based on the regional geographical environment and main influencing factors, thus promoting the transformation and development of agricultural functions toward specialization and diversification. 5) Based on summarizing the achievements of agricultural function research conducted by domestic scholars, the shortcomings of existing research in fundamental theory, method and data innovation, scale correlation, and multidisciplinary integration are discussed, and the need to improve the theoretical framework system of research in the future to promote multi-factor, multi-scale, and multi-objective systematic research is proposed. In addition, it is necessary to focus on the transforming of agricultural functions, and strengthening the integration of multidisciplinary, big data and new technological means.

BackgroundThis study aimed to translate the revised Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC 2.0) to Mandarin, evaluate its psychometric properties, and apply it to a group of private hospitals in China to identify the determinants associated with patient safety culture.MethodsA two-phase study was conducted to translate and evaluate the HSOPSC 2.0. A cross-cultural adaptation of the HSOPSC 2.0 was performed in Mandarin and applied in a cross-sectional study in China. This study was conducted among 3,062 respondents from nine private hospitals and 11 clinics across six cities in China. The HSOPSC 2.0 was used to assess patient safety culture. Primary outcomes were measured by the overall patient safety grade and patient safety events reported.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis results and internal consistency reliability were acceptable for the translated HOSPSC 2.0. The dimension with the highest positive response was “Organizational learning - Continuous improvement” (89%), and the lowest was “Reporting patient safety event” (51%). Nurses and long working time in the hospital were associated with lower assessments of overall patient safety grades. Respondents who had direct contact with patients, had long working times in the hospital, and had long working hours per week reported more patient safety events. A higher level of patient safety culture implies an increased probability of a high overall patient safety grade and the number of patient safety events reported.ConclusionThe Chinese version of HSOPSC 2.0 is a reliable instrument for measuring patient safety culture in private hospitals in China. Organizational culture is the foundation of patient safety and can promote the development of a positive safety culture in private hospitals in China.

A large number of studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) can cause potential harm to cerebral small blood vessels and may further lead to nervous system injury. With reference to related cases, this article analyzes the different types of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 and the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 inducing CSVD, in order to provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and prevention of CSVD and a theoretical basis for regular cranial imaging examinations for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Previous studies have established a link between fluctuations in climate and increased mortality due to coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there remains a need to explore and clarify the evidence for associations between meteorological changes and hospitalization incidences related to CAD and its subtypes, especially in cold regions. This study aimed to systematically investigate the relationship between exposure to meteorological changes, air pollutants, and hospitalization for CAD in cold regions.

Natural hyperbolic materials can confine electromagnetic waves at the nanoscale. In this study, we propose a waveguide design that combines a high quality factor (FOM) with low loss, utilizing hexagonal boron nitride and graphene and gold substrate. The waveguide consists of a dielectric rib with a graphene layer sandwiched between two hBN ribs. Numerical simulations demonstrate the existence of two guided modes in the proposed waveguide within the second reststrahlen band (1360.0 cm−1

Background Cognitive function is dynamic in post-stroke patients, however, there are limited studies on cognitive recovery after stroke. The definition of cognitive reverters and neuropsychological characteristics according to various definitions have not yet been investigated. Objective To investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of cognitive reverters after stroke based on the traditional definition and new definition according to Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with a double threshold. Methods A total of 163 patients hospitalized for first onset acute ischemic stroke were recruited from the Department of Neurology of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2020 to February 2022 as the study subjects. All patients were assessed for cognitive function in the acute period of ischemic stroke using the MoCA at baseline. Cognitive function was assessed again at the 6-month post-stroke follow-up with the detailed neuropsychological tests refined at the same time, including the digit span task (DST) , Stroop color and word test (SCWT) , Chinese version of Boston naming test (BNT) , verbal fluency test (VFT) , clock drawing test (CDT) , and auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) . The enrolled patients were divided into the M1 group (MoCA scores

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the serotype and phenotype of human and non-human sourced Salmonella from 1975 to 2021 in Fujian Province retrospectively.MethodsSalmonella isolates were collected from clinical hospitals， public service employee health， circulating fresh food， and the environment from 1975 to 2021 in Fujian Province， and serotypes and variants were distinguished using WHO-recommended Salmonella serotyping methods. Two prediction software were used based on whole genome sequencing， while the same antigen but different isolates or phenotypic variants were identified using biochemical combinations and MALDI-TOF-MS flight mass spectrometry.ResultsThere were 4 693 human- and non-human-sourced Salmonella isolates that contained 21 serogroups of four subspecies （18 from patients， 9 from healthy employees， 17 from food， and 8 from the environment）. Salmonella paratyphoid A， S. typhoid， S. enteritis， S. cholerae， S. typhimurium， S. rosen， and S. stanley were dominant isolates in the 30 total extraintestinal invasive serotypes. There were 96 Salmonella serotypes other than S. typhoid， S. paratyphoid A， and S. paratyphoid B （63 from patients， 51 from healthy employees， 60 from food， and 20 from the environment）， and the top 10 clinical serotypes were S. typhimurium， S. typhoid， S. enteritis， S. derby， S. stanley， S. paratyphoid A， S. anatum， S. wetavreden， S. rosen， and S. london， while the top 10 from food were S. anatum， S. derby， S. typhimurium， S. stanley， S. wetavreden， S. newport， S. enteritis， S. tompson， S. agona， and S. london. Fourteen serotypes （including 10 diphasic serotypes and 4 monophasic serotypes） had monophasic variants. Several serotypes had phenotypic variants such as hydrogen sulfide-negative， fermenter of lactose or sucrose， colony mucus type， and chromogenic type.ConclusionSalmonella are characterized by their biodiversity and multiple sources in Fujian Province. Invasive cases are gradually dominated by non-typhoid Salmonella. Laboratories should enhance their ability to diagnose monophasic variants and phenotypic variants of Salmonella， as well as pet and environmental traceability for scattered outbreaks of infectious diseases.

Formation and scheduling are the most important decisions in the virtual modular manufacturing system; however, the global performance optimization of the system may be sacrificed via the superposition of two independent decision-making results. The joint decision of formation and scheduling is very important for system design. Complex and discrete manufacturing enterprises such as shipbuilding and aerospace often comprise multiple tasks, processes, and parallel machines, resulting in complex routes. The queuing time of parts in front of machines may account for 90% of the production cycle time. This study established a weighted allocation model of a formation-scheduling joint decision problem considering queuing time in system. To solve this nondeterministic polynomial (NP) problem, an adaptive differential evolution-simulated annealing (ADE-SA) algorithm is proposed. Compared with the standard differential evolution (DE) algorithm, the adaptive mutation factor overcomes the disadvantage that the scale of DE’s differential vector is difficult to control. The selection strategy of the SA algorithm compensates for the deficiency that DE’s greedy strategy may fall into a local optimal solution. The comparison results of four algorithms of a series of random examples demonstrate that the overall performance of ADE-SA is superior to the genetic algorithm, and average iteration, maximum completion time, and move time are 24%, 11%, and 7% lower than the average of other three algorithms, respectively. The method can generate the joint decision-making scheme with better overall performance, and effectively identify production bottlenecks through quantitative analysis of queuing time.

The selective broadband absorption of solar radiation plays a crucial role in applying solar energy. However, despite being a decade-old technology, the rapid and precise designs of selective absorbers spanning from the solar spectrum to the infrared region remain a significant challenge. This work develops a high-performance design paradigm that combines deep learning and multi-objective double annealing algorithms to optimize multilayer nanostructures for maximizing solar spectral absorption and minimum infrared radiation. Based on deep learning design, we experimentally fabricate the designed absorber and demonstrate its photothermal effect under sunlight. The absorber exhibits exceptional absorption in the solar spectrum (calculated/measured = 0.98/0.94) and low average emissivity in the infrared region (calculated/measured = 0.08/0.19). This absorber has the potential to result in annual energy savings of up to 1743 kW h/m2 in areas with abundant solar radiation resources. Our study opens a powerful design method to study solar-thermal energy harvesting and manipulation, which will facilitate for their broad applications in other engineering applications.

In view of the increasing system management requirements of garden landscapes in the construction of smart cities, this paper combines ordinary differential equations with big data and other information technologies. Design ideas of smart city garden big data information management and display system under differential equation. By analyzing the research literature, combined with space syntax, network text analysis and other methods, the theoretical framework of urban landscape planning method based on ordinary differential equations based on big data is constructed, and the aspect planning of urban garden landscape information management module, three-dimensional display module and recommendation module is determined. content. The experimental results show that the user interaction rate when using the system of this paper for information management of urban gardens shows a significant upward trend compared with the traditional system, and the average user interaction rate is higher than 40%. The application of ordinary differential equations and big data technology guides participatory planning and promotes the improvement of the information management level of smart city garden landscape. The designed information processing system has higher user experience and comfort.

In order to develop more intelligent transport vehicles for surface mines to enable the drivers work more efficiently and safely, this paper puts forward a solution of applying voice technology to the cab of mine transport vehicle and ground command center. This approach encompasses an array of functions, including noise reduction based on array microphone pickup, voice wake-up, speech recognition, and speech synthesis. Relying on the on-board display platform and ground server platform, two modules were developed respectively for voice interaction and voice broadcasting, to enable keyword recognition and emergency broadcasting of dangerous situations. According to the results of laboratory test and field test at mines, the application of this solution managed to meet the echo suppression effect of 20 dB reduction in the cab, and control the bottom noise of spectrograms within 200-300 sample, meeting the subsequent demand for audio quality recognition; the model demonstrated a recognition accuracy greater than 85% and a real-time rate less than 500 ms, in the normal on-board environment and at a pickup distance of 80 cm. The results verifies that the functions and performances of the voice noise reduction, speech recognition and speech synthesis meet the technical requirements for mine transport vehicles, and shows that the application of voice technology improves the convenience of interaction between drivers and vehicle equipment and the timeliness of warning in dangerous situations.

To explore the effects of daily mean temperature (°C), average daily air pressure (hPa), humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (μg/m3) and PM10 (μg/m3) on the admission rate of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in Harbin and to identify the indexes and lag days that impose the most critical influence.

Abstract As the pioneer of the Green Revolution in China, Guangdong province witnessed the improvement and spread of semi-dwarf Xian/Indica rice cultivars and possessed diverse rice germplasm of landrace and cultivars. A total of 517 accessions containing a core germplasm of 479 newly sequenced landraces and modern cultivars were used to reveal breeding signatures and key variations for regional genetic improvement of indica rice from Guangdong. Four subpopulations were identified in the collection, which including Ind IV as a novel subpopulation that not covered by previously released accessions. Modern cultivars of subpopulation Ind II were inferred to have less deleterious variations, especially in yield related genes. About 15 Mb genomic segments were identified as potential breeding signatures by cross-population likelihood method (XP-CLR) of modern cultivars and landraces. The selected regions spanning multiple yield related QTLs (quantitative trait locus) which identified by GWAS (genome-wide association studies) of the same population, and specific variations that fixed in modern cultivars of Ind II were characterized. This study highlights genetic differences between traditional landraces and modern cultivars, which revealed the potential molecular basis of regional genetic improvement for Guangdong indica rice from southern China.

Objective To investigate the effects of decitabine (DAC) combined with arsenic trioxide (ATO) on proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods AML cell lines were treated with DAC and ATO alone or in combination. CCK8 was used to detect cell viability;Compusyn software was used to analyze the synergistic effects of the combination treatment;Flow cytometry was applied to determine the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution;Western blot was applied to detect the expressions of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), c-PARP, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), p-PI3K, protein kinase B (Akt) and p-Akt. Results DAC and ATO alone inhibited AML cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The combination of the two drugs significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and cycle arrest of AML cells (P＜0.05). Combination therapy reduced the phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt (P＜0.05). Conclusions DAC combined with ATO may have anti-AML effect by inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway, which provides new theoretical basis of DAC+ATO strategy for AML.

The treatment and disposal of high level liquid waste(HLLW) is an important factor affecting the sustainable development of nuclear energy. The extraction separation of high-heat-release nuclide 137Cs from HLLW is not only beneficial to the safe disposal of HLLW, but also meeting the needs of 137Cs in many industry fields. In this work, the extraction process for 137Cs from HLLW was proposed with calixcrown as extractant. The process was tested with simulated and real HLLW with a recovery percentage of 99.9% for Cs(Ⅰ) and 99.95% for 137Cs, respectively. The results show that the proposed process for Sr extraction has a bright future in the treatment of commercial HLLW and the recovery of 137Cs in China.

Recognizing the critical role of electrolyte chemistry and electrode interfaces in the performance and safety of lithium batteries, along with the urgent need for more sophisticated methods of analysis, this comprehensive review underscores the promise of machine learning (ML) models in this research field. It explores the application of these innovative methods to studying battery interfaces, particularly focusing on lithium metal anodes. Amid the limitations of traditional experimental techniques, the review supports a hybrid approach that couples experimental and simulation methods, enabling granular insights into the formation process and characteristics of battery interfaces at the molecular level and harnessing AI to extract patterns from voluminous data sets. It showcases the utility of such techniques in electrolyte design and battery life prediction and introduces a novel perspective on battery interface mechanisms. The review concludes by asserting the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) or ML models as invaluable tools in the future of battery research and highlights the importance of fostering confidence in these technologies within the scientific community.

Developmental disorders (DDs) are a kind of chronic maladies, which can cause serious irreversible detriment to children's physical and mental health. It is predominantly regulated by the interaction of environment and heredity. Cold regions are mainly located in the high latitudes of China. Their living environment is characterized by frequent cold wave, huge temperature difference, severe air pollution, high calorie diet, less exercise, smoking, drinking, etc. In recent years, substantial advances have been made in studies of the correlation between the living environment features in cold regions and the DDs. Accordingly, this article reviews the impact of the peculiar living environment of cold regions on DDs, with a view to provide fresh prevention strategies for reducing the morbidity of DDs in China cold regions by ameliorating living environment.

The IN738 nickel-based superalloy has a high Al, Ti and γ’ (Ni3 [Al, Ti]) content phase that causes notable crack sensitivity when processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). After examining the effects of Ti and Co on the microstructure and mechanical properties of IN738 alloy processed by LPBF, this research revealed that a moderate decrease in Ti content and an increase in Co content resulted in a wide range of processing parameters to obtain crack-free LPBF specimens. The samples were treated by different heat-treatment processes and then investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The newly designed IN738G exhibited an excellent combination of tensile strength (1253.5 MPa) and elongation (16.37%) compared to the IN738 alloy (1115.7 MPa, 6.99%) under room-temperature conditions.

The integration of heat pump technology into sludge drying combines heat pumps with traditional convective drying techniques. The process of moisture and apparent morphology changes during sludge convective drying is succinctly summarized from literatures. The analysis also covers the effects of drying conditions, including temperature and airflow velocity, on the energy consumption of heat pump drying. Leveraging the precise and independent control capabilities of heat pump dryers, various heat pump intermittent drying methods are compared. By adjusting drying conditions at different stages of sludge drying, a balance can be achieved between rapid external moisture diffusion and reduced energy consumption of the heat pump system.

Background Inexpensive and convenient early screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is of great significance to identify individuals at high risk of COPD. There are many kinds of COPD screening tools with various diagnostic accuracies, but which one is superior to others has not been identified by evidence-based studies. Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of common COPD screening tools using a network meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP databases were searched for diagnostic studies related to COPD screening and tools for early diagnosis COPD included from database establishment to December 31, 2021. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction. Meta-disc 1.4 and Stata 15.0 were used for network meta-analysis. Results A total of 46 studies were enrolled, involving seven screening tools: the Lung Function Questionnaire (IFQ) , COPD Diagnostic Questionnaire (CDQ) , COPD Screening Questionnaire (COPD-SQ) , Self-Scored COPD Population Screener Questionnaire (COPD-PS) , spirometer, peak flow meter, questionnaire+peak flow meter. The results of meta-analysis demonstrated combined sensitivity values of the aforementioned seven screening tools for COPD were as follows: 0.79〔95%CI (0.75, 0.83) 〕, 0.85〔95%CI (0.83, 0.86) 〕, 0.68〔95%CI (0.65, 0.70) 〕, 0.60〔95%CI (0.56, 0.63) 〕, 0.58〔95%CI (0.54, 0.61) 〕, 0.86〔95%CI (0.84, 0.88) 〕, and 0.68〔95%CI (0.65, 0.71) 〕. And combined specificity values of them were: 0.67〔95%CI (0.65, 0.68) 〕, 0.59〔95%CI (0.58, 0.59) 〕, 0.81〔95%CI (0.80, 0.82) 〕, 0.84〔95%CI (0.83, 0.85) 〕, 0.88〔95%CI (0.87, 0.89) 〕, 0.86〔95%CI (0.84, 0.88) 〕, and 0.85〔95%CI (0.84, 0.86) 〕. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values of the tools ranked in terms of combined sensitivity from highest to lowest were: peak flow meter (72.7%) >CDQ (70.1%) >LFQ (61.8%) >questionnaire+peak flow meter (45.3%) >COPD-SQ (28.5%) >COPD-PS (13.2%) >spirometer (9.1%) . And the SUCRA values of these tools ranked in terms of combined specificity from highest to lowest were: spirometer (76.8%) >questionnaire+peak flow meter (66.7%) >COPD-SQ (46.7%) >peak flow meter (45.8%) >COPD-PS (39.2%) >LFQ (11.9%) >CDQ (8.2%) . Conclusion Among the seven commonly used tools, peak flow meter has higher sensitivity, and spirometer has higher specificity. But this conclusion still needs to be further confirmed by more multicenter, large-sample studies.

BACKGROUND It is difficult to accurately determine the content of Ag in soil and sediment due to the mass spectrum interference of niobium, zirconium oxide and hydroxide during inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. OBJECTIVES To develop methods for the determination of trace Ag in soil and sediment samples by four collision/reaction modes. METHODS The changes of mass spectrum signals of 93Nb16O+, 91Zr16OH2+, 92Zr16OH+ and 109Ag+ in helium, oxygen and ammonia were determined using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS). The interference elimination ability and elimination mechanism of different collision/reaction modes were investigated. The samples were digested by HCl-HNO3-HF-HClO4. The content of Ag in soil and stream sediments was determined by helium MS/MS mode, oxygen MS/MS mode, ammonia MS/MS mode and ammonia Mass-Shift mode. RESULTS With the optimal gas flow rate in the tank of the four collision/reaction modes, the interference degree of niobium and zirconium on Ag were decreased more than 20, 1500, 1500 and 2000 times, respectively. The detection limits of the method were 0.005mg/kg, 0.002mg/kg, 0.003mg/kg and 0.003mg/kg, respectively. The accuracy and precision were verified by national reference materials of soil and sediment, while the relative errors of measured values and certified values were -1.4%-84.3%, -7.6%-7.2%, -15.0%-10.0% and -12.5%-8.6%, respectively. The relative standard deviations were 1.5%-6.3%, 1.4%-8.3%, 1.4%-5.9% and 0.7%-8.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Helium MS/MS mode has a low capacity to eliminate mass spectrometry interference, and is suitable for the determination of samples with little interference of niobium and zirconium. Oxygen MS/MS, ammonia MS/MS and ammonia Mass-Shift modes have a strong ability to eliminate mass spectrometry interference, which can be used for the determination of trace Ag in soil and stream sediments; and have the advantages of lower detection limit, wider linear range, and simultaneous determination of multiple elements, when compared with the industry standard DZ/T 0279.11—2016.

Speech recognition technology is a key component of the intelligent voice interaction system. In recent years, this technology has developed rapidly and is widely used in automotive electronics, consumer electronics, medical and other fields. This paper analyzes the development status of speech technology in the field of automotive field, introduces the development process of this technology in detail, focuses on the demand and application of speech recognition technology in the field of rail transit.Aiming at the problem that the display interactive content of different models of rail transit is changeable and needs to be customized and developed, the research on speech recognition technology based on time-delay neural network is carried out and a speech recognition system for train display based on intelligent computing platform is developed. The system can flexibly build models according to the interaction requirements of different display platforms and the processing performance of intelligent hardware platforms, and optimize the interaction keywords on the basis of the general model to improve the recognition rate. Finally, the test is completed in the voice interaction system of autonomous-rail rapid tram display in different scenes and noisy conditions and the word recognition rate reaches more than 85%. It also lays the foundation for the application of intelligent voice technology in other rail transit vehicles.

In order to improve the performance of virtual reality video intraframe prediction coding,convolutional neural network algorithm is used to select video frame coding unit(CU) to reduce the complexity of video image coding.Firstly,quantization parameters are set to obtain the virtual reality video frame samples,then the image coding tree is constructed,and the convolutional neural network (CNN) frame coding unit optimization model is established.The image brightness of frame samples is taken as the CNN input,combined with the image rate distortion cost threshold,the optimization results of the frame coding unit are obtained through training.Using CNN training optimization,the coding tree(CTU) structure with different depths and an appro-priate number of CU modules can be obtained according to the intraframe coding requirements of different texture modules of the image.Experiments show that,by reasonably setting the convolution kernel size and quantization parameters,CNN algorithm can obtain better image quality and less coding time than common video intraframe prediction coding algorithms.

In order to design an adsorption material with higher selectivity to U(Ⅵ) while ensuring a higher adsorption capacity, g-C3N4 and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate were used as raw materials to prepare P-C3N4 by thermal copolymerization. The Ag3PO4/P-C3N4 composite adsorption material was prepared by in-situ co-precipitation method using disodium hydrogen phosphate and silver nitrate. The results of adsorption experiments show that the adsorption capacity of Ag3PO4/P-C3N4 composite adsorbent for U(Ⅵ) reaches 524.6 mg/g at room temperature; the distribution coefficient to U(Ⅵ) reaches 6.13×103 mL/g with competing ions such as Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ in solution. XPS analysis result shows that the N- and P-containing functional groups in the Ag3PO4/P-C3N4 composite adsorption material may participate in the U(Ⅵ) adsorption process. Therefore, the Ag3PO4/P-C3N4 composite adsorption material is one kind of adsorption material with higher adsorption capacity and higher U(Ⅵ) selectivity.

The work has immobilized N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dioctyldiglcolamide(DMDODGA) on the porous adsorption resin P120 by using vacuum immobilization and infusion technology to synthesize a new supramolecular recognition material DMDODGA/P120. Then, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), elemental analysis(C, H, N, O) were used to characterize the material. The results show that most of DMDODGA are successfully loaded into the pores of P120, and the load is about 53.1 g DMDODGA per 100 g P120. The structure of the carrier(P120) was not destroyed. Through static adsorption experiments, the effects of contaction time, initial concentration of Sr2+, the concentration of HNO3, solid-to-liquid ratio between adsorbent material and liquid and temperature on the adsorption performance of DMDODGA/P120 have been studied. And its kinetic curve and adsorption isotherm have been analyzed. Besides, the desorption process and radiation stability of DMDODGA/P120 have been studied. And the penetration curve of DMDODGA/P120 has been studied through dynamic adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption equilibrium time of DMDODGA/P120 is about 10 min, and the adsorption process conforms to the quasi-second-order kinetic equation, indicating that the process is chemical adsorption. The adsorption process of Sr2+ is a single-layer chemical adsorption that occurs on the surface of the adsorbent. The adsorption performance of DMDODGA/P120 increases first and then decreases with the increase of acidity. The adsorption process is exothermic. The solid-to-liquid ratio between the adsorbent material and the liquid during the adsorption process can be controlled at about 20 g/L. DMDODGA/P120 has a good radiation resistance. It won’t be a greater degree of radiolysis until the radiation dose reaches 106 Gy. The dynamic adsorption result of DMDODGA/P120 shows that the exchange column is broken down in 5-6 column volumes, and the total removal rate of Sr2+ is about 52.53%.

ObjectiveTo understand the antibiotic residues in ice/fresh chicken collected from retail market and the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli （E.coli）isolated from these chicken in Henan Province. This study will provide data basis for chicken safety risk assessment.MethodsA total of 60 ice/fresh chicken were collected from retail market and tested for antibiotic residues by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry tandem method from May to November in 2020 in He’nan Province； Totally， 300 E. coli isolates were recovered from these chicken and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by micro-broth dilution method.ResultsNo antibiotic residues were detected in these chicken samples. All the E. coli isolates are susceptible to imipenem. The antibiotic resistant rates of the E. coli isolates to the other 14 antibiotics were from 8% to 86.33%. The antibiotic resistant rate ≥50% were： tetracycline 86.33% （259/300）， ampicillin 69.00% （207/300）， chloramphenicol 63.33% （190/300）， cefazolin 50.67 （152/300）， nalidixic acid 50.00% （150/300）. The proportion of multidrug-resistant organism （MDRO） is up to 81.75% （224/274）. The antibiotic resistance rates were significant difference among different regions （χ2=31.331， P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the equivalence of 5 Salmonella selective enrichment procedures in standard methods worldwide.MethodsThe growth rates（PR） and the colony characteristics of 5 selective enrichment broths（SC， TTB， RV， MKTTn， SBG） and 5 selective mediums（CAS， XLD， XLT4， HE， BS） were validated according to the GB4789.28—2013. The sensitivity（SE）， the relative trueness（RT） and the acceptable limit（AL） were estimated on highly contaminated foods through the use of 5 protocols combined with 5 selective enrichment broths and 2 selective mediums according to the method of ISO 16140—2：2016. The sensitivity（Se）， the specificity（Sp）， the positive predictive value（PPV） and the negative predictive value（NPV） were simultaneously determined through the use of 10 compound modes combined with selective enrichment broths and selective mediums according to the classical statistical methods.ResultsThe results showed that SC broth had no efficacy in enriching Salmonella enterica serotype Cholerae and Salmonella enterica serotype Cholerae var. Kunzendorf. The CAS and XLD were significantly better than XLT4， HE and BS in identifying typhoidal Salmonella and nontyphoidal Salmonella as well as the phenotype of hydrogen sulfide.Totally 84 samples（22 pieces of meat， 32 pieces of poultry and 30 pieces of aquatic products） were tested. 25 out of the 84（29.76%） were confirmed positive by 5 protocols， and 16 serotypes from 42 isolates were identified. The SE of 5 protocols were 84.00%， 100.00%， 88.00%，88.00% and 92.00%， respectively， but showed no statistically significant difference between each other. The AL of one protocol （SC+TTB） went beyond the limitation of the ISO 16140—2：2016 due to the ineffectiveness of SC broth. The compound mode of RV-CAS had the best comprehensive benefits， while the Se， the Sp， the PPV and the NPV of which were 68.00%， 95.00%， 85.00% and 88.00%， respectively.ConclusionThe ineffectiveness of SC broth reduces the sensitivity of the detection protocol for Salmonella， which could cause a negative deviation， resulting in the threshold exceeding of the Acceptability Limit （AL）. The combinational selective enrichment broth of RV-CAS is recommended to be the optimal mode， with CAS+XLD being recommended to be the optimal selective medium combination. The process of Salmonella serotyping is suggested to be improved in the standard of GB4789.4 to cope with the multi-serotype Salmonella contamination in food chain and be consistent with the international standardization for food microbiology.

Insufficient data, lack of expertise in AI application development, and weak device computing capabilities have severely restricted the rapid engineering implementation of rail transit intelligent products. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an AI open platform for rail transit. It builds connection between model training, edge computing and cloud-edge collaboration, and provides full-process AI application development solutions. In the cloud, this platform builds an AI development tool chain including data annotation, algorithm design, model training and application generation. It also provides an efficient model inference framework at the edge. Data collection and model deployment are implemented through the cloud-edge collaboration mechanism. Since unmanned mining trucks use autonomous driving technology similar to rail transit, this paper takes the visual perception application of unmanned mining trucks as an example for verification. The result shows that using AI open platform for application development can effectively reduce application development and deployment time, from 3~4 months normal period to present 1 month.The mean average precision of the visual detection model for stones, mining truck and other targets reaches 0.988, achieving excellent perceptual performance.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) have significant therapeutic effects on heart failure, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and primary aldosteronism. However, steroid MRA can cause hyperkalemia, deterioration of renal insufficiency, menstrual disorder and male breast development, and consequently has found limited clinical applications. In recent years, basic and clinical studies have confirmed that finerenone is a new non-steroidal MRA with high receptor affinity and selectivity, which can decrease adverse effects such as hyperkalemia and exert powerful cardioprotective effects. Herein, the structure, function, pharmacological mechanism and adverse effects of finerenone are summarized, and its cardiovascular protective effects and clinical applications are described in detail, to aid in understanding of the roles of finerenone in treating cardiovascular diseases and to explore future directions.

Flipped learning approach has recently gained much more attention and has widely been utilized as a new approach to assist student-centered learning activities across different contexts of teaching. The present study aims to examine the effect of flipped learning instruction on undergraduate students’ development of higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Drawing on a quasi-experimental design, this study recruited 70 Chinese science education students enrolled in ‘teaching with technology’ course; they were equally divided into flipped (experiment) and non-flipped (control) groups. Data were obtained from pre-tests and post-tests in both groups using a higher order thinking skill test, and were analyzed by means of sample t-test using IBM-SPSS version 24. The results showed that flipped group students outperformed the non-flipped students in terms of HOTS performance. There was a significant different between the results of flipped group students’ pre-test and post-test scores (p-value: 0.000 < 0.05). It suggests that the flipped learning instruction has a significant effect on the Chinese undergraduate students’ HOTS development. This study contributes to providing valuable insights for instructors and college curricula designers to incorporate flipped learning approach in teaching at university level.

Objective To investigate the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) management in the treatment of giant neurofibroma in maxillofacial and neck region, to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the perioperative whole-process management process of 2 cases of giant neurofibroma in maxillofacial and neck region jointly formulated treatment plan by oral and maxillofacial surgery department with the assistance of the department of anesthesiology, ICU, vascular surgery, thoracic surgery, etc. Results MDT treatment process (anesthesia-embolization-collaborative surgery-ICU-post-operative management) of the two patients was smoothly conducted according to the pre-operative plan. There were no adverse events or accidents that were not predicted by the risk assessment from multiple teams during the operation, and no serious complications occurred after the operation. The post-operative pathological report of both cases was "neurofibroma". Wounds in both patients healed in stage I. The course of treatment was smooth, and the surgical treatment was completed without serious complications. Conclusion MDT management can play a positive role in the diagnosis and treatment of giant maxillofacial and neck neurofibroma so that patients can obtain safer and more effective diagnosis and treatment.

To investigate the loneliness and psychological resilience with the perceived social support of the left-behind elderly in rural areas and explore the moderating effect of psychological resilience on the understanding of social support and loneliness of the left-behind elderly in rural areas.

Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer/nylon 6 (EVOH/PA6) composites were prepared by a melt blending method. The processing rheological properties of EVOH/PA6 composites were studied by advanced capillary rheometer and rotational rheometer. The relationship between viscosity and shear rate ($\mathop \gamma \limits^.$) of EVOH/PA6 composites were fitted by power law model, and the relationship between viscosity and temperature of composites were described by Arrhenius equation. The results show that the EVOH/PA6 composites are pseudoplastic fluid. Apparent viscosity (ηa) and non Newtonian constant (n) of EVOH/PA6 composites are all enhanced with the increasing contents of EVOH. In the angular frequency (ω) scan range, the storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and complex viscosity |η*| of EVOH/PA6 composites are enhanced by the addition of EVOH. Han curve, cole-cole curve and scanning electron microscope (SEM) study show that EVOH and PA6 have good compatibility. Furthermore, EVOH/PA6 composite forms a microphase separation structure when containing 15% (mass fraction) EVOH.

To determine the specific indicators of nursing students’ competency in rehabilitation nursing posts; to form a training mode of competency of nursing students in rehabilitation nursing posts based on a modern apprenticeship system; and to preliminarily explore the effect of this training mode.

In order to study the response of granite residual soil slope with cracks under different number of drying-wetting cycles (D-W cycles), model test was carried out and the crack width expansion index was quantified by investigating the crack images. Based on the direct shear test, the calculation formulas of soil strength degradation and crack depth were developed. Then, the model test and the numerical simulation results were compared to analyze the response of the residual soil slope considering crack extension. The results showed that the fractures width expansion in residual soil under D-W cycles followed the Logistic model, and there was a quantitative relationship between fracture depth and strength degradation. The fracture depth tended to be stable with the increase of D-W cycles. When the number of D-W cycles was small, the change of moisture content at the bottom of the slope lags significantly behind that at the top and the middle of the slope, however, the change of moisture content at each position of the slope tended to be the same with the increase of D-W cycles. The deformation at the bottom and the middle of the slope with the crack expansion tended to be the same compared to the slope without cracks, however, the deformation at the top area was larger, which led to the increase of the deformation gap between the top and bottom of the cracked slope.