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Total body irradiation (TBI) is a technique that irradiates the entire body of the patient. It serves as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematological diseases. Its primary functions include killing residual tumor cells, immunosuppression, and creating space in the bone marrow for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Currently, the main methods of implementing TBI include extended distance fixed field irradiation, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT-TBI), and segmented irradiation. In this paper, based on our clinical experience, we review the technical characteristics and relevant research progress of these three methods.

C26H21NO3S, triclinic, P 1‾ $\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 11.7598(11) Å, b = 12.7434(12) Å, c = 17.0020(16) Å, α = 104.146(3)°, β = 103.926(3)°, γ = 102.322(3)°, V = 2295.5(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0453, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1320, T = 293 K.

In order to further improve the wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C surfacing alloy, Fe-Cr-C wear-resistant surfacing alloy layers with different B addition amounts were prepared on the surface of Q235 steel by adjusting the amount of ferroboron powder added to the surfacing alloy powder using plasma powder surfacing technology.The effects of B addition amount on the microstructure, phase composition and wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C surfacing alloy were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), abrasive wear tests and other analysis and testing methods.Results showed that when the addition amount of B was 0, the microstructure of the surfacing alloy was composed of dendritic Fe and chrysanthemum-like (Fe, Cr)7(C, B)3＋Fe eutectic structure.With the increase of B addition amount, the volume fraction of the (Fe, Cr)7(C, B)3 hard phase in the surfacing layer increased.After the precipitation amount of the (Fe, Cr)7(C, B)3 phase reached a certain value, the primary B0.7Fe3C0.3 phase was formed.When the B addition amount was 20.0%(mass fraction), a large amount of the (Fe, Cr)2 B hard phase was precipitated.The hardness of the surfacing layer showed an overall trend of rising-steep drop-rising, and the hardness of the B-10 sample reached 63.1 HRC.The results of the abrasive wear test showed that the wear resistance of the surfacing alloy layer exhibited an trend of upward-flat- upward, and the wear resistance of the B-20 sample increased to 2.8 times that of the B-0 sample.

Abstract In response to the escalating global threat of antimicrobial resistance, our laboratory has established a phagemid packaging system for the generation of CRISPR-Cas13a-antimicrobial capsids targeting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, a significant challenge arose during the packaging process: the unintentional production of wild-type phages alongside the antimicrobial capsids. To address this issue, the phagemid packaging system was optimized by strategically incorporated silent mutations. This approach effectively minimized contamination risks without compromising packaging efficiency. The study identified the indispensable role of phage packaging genes, particularly terL-terS, in efficient phagemid packaging. Additionally, the elimination of homologous sequences between the phagemid and wild-type phage genome was crucial in preventing wild-type phage contamination. The optimized phagemid-LSAB(mosaic) demonstrated sequence-specific killing, efficiently eliminating MRSA strains carrying target antibiotic-resistant genes. While acknowledging the need for further exploration across bacterial species and in vivo validation, this refined phagemid packaging system offers a valuable advancement in the development of CRISPR-Cas13a-based antimicrobials, shedding light on potential solutions in the ongoing battle against bacterial infections.

In the process of murder investigation, it is of great significance to find the discarded and buried human remains accurately. The main methods of searching for human remains include human visual search, aerial detection, geophysical technology, remote imaging technology and canine olfactory search technique. Canine olfactory search for human remains is a recognized time-effective and non-invasive search method, making dogs the most valuable search tool in forensic investigation. By systematically reviewing and summarizing relevant literature, and based on the theory of volatile organic compound produced by the decomposition of human remains, this paper explores the basic principle of the canine olfactory search technique for human remains. This paper also reviews the application of training canine search technique for human remains in forensic investigation by using human blood, tissue, cadaver putrefying fluid and odor substitutes as sniffing sources. The application prospect of canine olfactory search for human remains was prospected from the perspectives of detection of volatile organic compound during cadaver decay, development of odor substitutes and adsorption devices, and technology tactics used in canine training and use, to provide references for the relevant research of canine olfactory search for human remains in China.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in clinical practice. Patients with PD are usually accompanied by non - motor symptoms (NMS) such as gastrointestinal dysfunction, hyposmia, sleep disorders, depression, pain and hallucinations, which seriously reduce the quality of life. Recent studies have found that PD patients were accompanied by diffuse pathological changes in non-dopaminergic system such as progressive degeneration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) ergic neurons, and 5-HT plays an important role in the regulation of emotion, cognitive function, pain and other neural functions, and is closely related to non-motor symptoms of PD. This article reviews the correlation between 5 -HT and non -motor symptoms of PD and its research progress, in order to further clarify the pathogenesis of non-motor symptoms of PD and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of PD.

Carnosine dipeptidase 1 (CNDP1), an enzyme integral to the hydrolysis of dipeptides containing histidine, plays an indispensable role in myriad physiological processes, including hydrolysis of proteins, maturation of specific biochemical functionalities within proteins, tissue regeneration, and regulation of cell cycle. However, the implications of CNDP1 in oncogenesis and its prognostic value are not yet fully elucidated. Initially, we procured the GSE40367 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus and established a protein–protein interaction network. Thereafter, we conducted functional and pathway enrichment analyses utilizing GO, KEGG, and GSEA. Moreover, we undertook an association analysis concerning the expression of CNDP1 with immune infiltration, along with survival analysis across various cancers and specifically in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study uncovered a total of 2,248 differentially expressed genes, with a down-regulation of CNDP1 in HCC and other cancers. Our explorations into the relationship between CNDP1 and immune infiltration disclosed a negative correlation between CNDP1 expression and the presence of immune cells in HCC. Survival analyses revealed that diminished expression of CNDP1 correlates with an adverse prognosis in HCC and several other types of cancer. These observations intimate that CNDP1 holds promise as a novel prognostic biomarker for both pan-cancer and HCC.

In response to the problem of limited evaluation indicators for the cost function of a single route planning algorithm, and the recommended optimal route for planning being the optimal local indicator, a land attack cruise missile route planning evaluation index system is established based on missile operational requirements and operational environment characteristics, starting from flight safety, penetration safety, and strike accuracy requirements. Qualitative analysis is conducted on the probability of missile hitting the ground and falling into the human zone, as well as the amplitude of trajectory crossing the detection and interception zones specific evaluation indicators such as autonomous flight and detection recognition accuracy have certain reference significance for optimizing route planning and optimization algorithms.

Summary: Background: Since 1992, when recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in China, government health officials have used nationally representative serological surveys to monitor progress in prevention and control of hepatitis B. In 2020, we conducted the fourth seroepidemiological survey, which for the first time included medical evaluation of the clinical status of HBsAg positive subjects over the age of 15 and their medical management. We report survey results in comparison with the three previous surveys. Methods: Consistent with previous national surveys, the 2020 survey used a stratified, three-stage cluster random sampling method to select for evaluation 1-69-year-olds in 120 national disease surveillance points. Blood samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs), and anti-HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) in the National Hepatitis Laboratory of the Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention of China CDC. HBsAg positive subjects aged ≥15-year were evaluated for evidence of liver disease, and through face-to-face questionnaire-based survey, we determined the healthcare management cascade of HBV-infected individuals. Findings: HBsAg prevalence in 1–69-year-olds was 5.86%; in children 1–4 years of age, seroprevalence was 0.30%; 75 million people were living with HBV nationwide. Among HBsAg-positive individuals 15 years and older, expert medical examination found that 78.03% were HBsAg carriers with no evidence of liver damage, 19.63% had chronic HBV with liver enzyme abnormalities, 0.84% had evidence of cirrhosis, and 0.15% had evidence of liver cancer. 59.78% of HBsAg + individuals were aware that they were positive before the survey, 30 million were unaware; 38.25% of those who knew they were positive (17 million) had medical indications for antiviral treatment, and 17.33% of these individuals (3 million) were being treated with antivirals. Interpretation: The decline in HBsAg prevalence in the general population, from 9.72% in 1992 to 5.86% in 2020, and in 1–4-year-olds from 9.67% in 1992 to 0.30% in 2020, shows progress that continues on track toward WHO targets for prevention of new infections. Implementation of acceptable strategies to identify infected individuals and offer long-term medical monitoring and management will be important to prevent complications from hepatitis B infection and for meeting WHO cascade-of-care targets. Funding: The study was funded by the Major Science and Technology Special Project of China’s 13th 5-Year Plan (grant no. 2017ZX10105015); Central finance-operation of public health emergency response mechanism of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (131031001000200001, 102393220020010000017).

IntroductionIn recent years, coxsackievirus (CV) A10 has been associated with increasing sporadic hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases and outbreaks globally. In addition to mild symptoms such as pharyngitis and herpangina, CVA10-related complications or even fatality can occur. Currently, systematic phylogenetic studies of CVA10 are limited.MethodsIn this study, we first explored the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of CVA10 in Nanchang, an inland southeastern city of China, based on the HFMD surveillance network from 2015-2023.ResultsAmong 3429 enterovirus-positive cases, 110 (3.04%) were associated with CVA10, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.62. The median age of the CVA10 patients was 2.3 years (interquartile range, IQR 1.0-4.0), with 94.55% (104/110) of the patients aged less than 5 years. Phylogenetic analyses using the full-length VP1, 5’UTR, P1, P2, P3 sequences and near full-length genomes indicated that CVA10 strains (n = 57) isolated in Nanchang belonged to genogroup C; two strains identified in 2017 belonged to C1 subtypes clustered with strains from Vietnam, Madagascar, France and Spain; and the others belonged to C2 subtypes interdigitating with CVA10 isolates from mainland China, the United States and Australia. Through extensive analysis, we identified a rare F168Y mutation in epitope 4 of VP1 in a Madagascar strain of genogroup F and a Chinese strain of genogroup C. Based on Bayesian evolutionary analyses, the average nucleotide substitution rate for the VP1 gene of CV10 strains was 3.07×10–3 substitutions/site/year. The most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of genogroup C was dated 1990.84, and the tMRCA of CVA10 strains from Nanchang was dated approximately 2003.16, similar to strains circulating in other regions of China, suggesting that the viruses were likely introduced and cryptically circulated in China before the establishment of the HFMD surveillance network. Recombination analysis indicated intertypic recombination of the Nanchang strain with the genogroup G strain in the 3D region.DiscussionGiven the shifting dominance of viral genotypes and frequent recombination events, the existing surveillance system needs to be regulated to enhance genomic surveillance efforts on a more diverse spectrum of genotypes in the future.

Objective: In order to improve the accuracy of machine vision technology in grading the appearance quality of red Fuji apples, a red Fuji apple appearance grading method based on improved whale optimization algorithm （WOA） and CNN is proposed. Methods: A red Fuji apple image database with different appearance quality levels was established, and the database images were preprocessed so as to improve the training effect and generalization ability of the model. The improved CNN-LSTM was designed as the weighted grey correlation method was used to compress the CNN convolution scale, in order to reduce redundant interference between features and improve the computational speed of the model. The improved whale optimization algorithm was used to optimize the hyperparameters configuration of CNN-LSTM, effectively reducing the impact of improper hyperparameter configuration on model classification results. Results: The simulation results showed that the proposed classification method had a higher accuracy, with classification accuracy and sensitivity improved by about 2.05% and 2.46%. Conclusion: The proposed method can effectively achieve the appearance grading of red Fuji apples.

Purposes The strain tolerance of Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 (BMT) thermal barrier coating prepared by conventional atmospheric plasma spraying is low. Methods With suspension plasma spraying (SPS), BMT suspensions with different compositions are prepared by mechanical ball grinding with ethanol as the dispersion medium and polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as dispersants. The dispersion behavior of BMT suspension was studied through gravity sedimentation observation method, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and Zeta potentiometry. The effects of dispersant type and content on the stability of BMT suspension were analyzed. The BMT coating was deposited by SPS, and the phase structure, surface morphology, and cross-section microstructure of the BMT coating were characterized and analyzed. Findings The results show that the adsorption of the dispersant PEI on the surface of the BMT particles improves their Zeta potential, enhances the repulsive force between particles, and provides a steric hindrance, which results the better dispersion of BMT suspension with PEI dispersant than that with PAA and PEG. In addition, the BMT suspension with PEI has a low viscosity (1.5-2 mPa·s), making it appropriate for SPS. The coating prepared by SPS essentially preserves the BMT phase structure, and shows a clear columnar-crystal microstructure. With the increases of the solid content in the suspension, the deposition efficiency of the BMT coating increase, and the volume of columnar crystals formed becomes larger, which conforms to the microstructural characteristics of high strain tolerance coatings.

Due to the complex marine environment, ship engines are under the harsh working conditions of high humidity and high salinity for a long time, which seriously aggravates the frictional wear of engine chains and thus affects the working stability and the fatigue life of engines. Based on this, this study designs the surface textures on the chain pin in three shapes—square, sine and circular. Combining experiments and simulations, the influence of texture shape, area occupancy and depth on the friction and wear resistance is studied in order to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for solving the long-term engine chain wear problem. The results show that the presence of the texture reduces the elemental Cr content of the surface after wear and thus improves the surface wear resistance compared to a smooth no-texture surface. Among the three texture shapes, the sinusoidal texture exhibites the best friction reduction and wear resistance performance, and the highest friction reduction rate of about 31. 9% is achieved under high speed and light load conditions. The sinusoidal texture has the shallowest surface wear marks, and the wear process is mainly micro-motion wear, accompanied by slight adhesive wear.

Postural disorder is a common disabling movement complication of Parkinson's disease (PD), in which camptocormia is the most common disabling postural disorder, which further aggravates the movement disorder of PD, and seriously reduces the activities of daily living and quality of life of patients. This paper reviews the pathogenesis and treatment progress of PD with camptocormia, providing theoretical basis for further investigation of the pathogenesis of camptocormia in PD, and assisting the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

TCGH(TC4+GH4169)composite material was prepared by selective laser melting(SLM). The optimum forming process parameters of TCGH composite material were investigated, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-deposited samples and heat-treated samples were studied. The results show that the optimum process parameters for fabrication of TCGH composite material are scanning speed of 900 mm/s with laser power of 150 W, and density higher than 99.5%. The addition of GH4169 powder changes the solid phase transformation behavior of TC4 titanium alloy material, and the as-deposited structure shows obvious high temperature solidification characteristics, which makes the forming characteristics of progressive scanning overlap and layer-by-layer scanning accumulation obvious. The original coarse columnar β grain size along the printing direction is significantly reduced, and the tensile strength of the composite is improved. Compared with the as-deposited sample, the microstructure of the heat-treated sample is transformed into a near-equiaxed structure. At the same time, with the increase of heat treatment temperature, the dissolution of the second phase leads to the dominant solid solution strengthening effect of the composite material, which improves the tensile strength and plasticity of the composite material.

Abstract In the last few decades, nanoparticles have been a prominent topic in various fields, particularly in agriculture, due to their unique physicochemical properties. Herein, molybdenum copper lindgrenite Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 (CM) nanoflakes (NFs) are synthesized by a one-step reaction involving α-MoO3 and CuCO3⋅Cu(OH)2⋅xH2O solution at low temperature for large scale industrial production and developed as an effective antifungal agent for the oilseed rape. This synthetic method demonstrates great potential for industrial applications. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that CM samples exhibit a pure monoclinic structure. TG and DSC results show the thermal stable properties. It can undergo a phase transition form copper molybdate (Cu3Mo2O9) at about 300 °C. Then Cu3Mo2O9 nanoparticles decompose into at CuO and MoO3 at 791 °C. The morphology of CM powder is mainly composed of uniformly distributed parallelogram-shaped nanoflakes with an average thickness of about 30 nm. Moreover, the binding energy of CM NFs is measured to be 2.8 eV. To assess the antifungal properties of these materials, both laboratory and outdoor experiments are conducted. In the pour plate test, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM NFs against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S. sclerotiorum) is determined to be 100 ppm, and the zone of inhibiting S. sclerotiorum is 14 mm. When the concentration is above 100 nm, the change rate of the hyphae circle slows down a little and begins to decrease until to 200 ppm. According to the aforementioned findings, the antifungal effects of a nano CM NFs solution are assessed at different concentrations (0 ppm (clear water), 40 ppm, and 80 ppm) on the growth of oilseed rape in an outdoor setting. The results indicate that the application of CM NFs led to significant inhibition of S. sclerotiorum. Specifically, when the nano CM solution was sprayed once at the initial flowering stage at a concentration of 80 ppm, S. sclerotiorum growth was inhibited by approximately 34%. Similarly, when the solution was sprayed once at the initial flowering stage and once at the rape pod stage, using a concentration of 40 ppm, a similar level of inhibition was achieved. These outcomes show that CM NFs possess the ability to bind with more metal ions due to their larger specific surface area. Additionally, their semiconductor physical properties enable the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, CM NFs hold great potential for widespread application in antifungal products.

Background: The relationship between triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between the two. Methods: Participants were enrolled from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMICIV) and grouping of subjects based on the quartile interval of the TyG index. With the presence of AKI as the main outcome, a logistic regression model was constructed. The correlation of the TyG index with the results obtained was examined by using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model. Results: Among the 1,101 AMI participants, 64.7% were male patients and the overall incidence rate of AKI was 37.1%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis (LRA) revealed independent correlation of the TyG index with increased AKI risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.23; confidence interval (CI) = 1.59 to 3.17; P < 0.001). Q4 (9.5-12.208) in the TyG index quartile was independently correlated with increased AKI risk (OR = 2.99, 95% CI = 1.64 to 5.46, P < 0.001). The RCS model showed that the AKI risk increased linearly as the TyG index increased (P=0.313). Conclusion: In patients with AMI, the incidence of TyG and AKI is closely related. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to verify the finding.

Neurotrophic keratitis(NK)is a degenerative corneal disease caused by impairment of trigeminal innervations. It can lead to spontaneous corneal epithelial defects, corneal ulceration and perforation. Early diagnosis of NK is crucial and requires accurate investigation of clinical history and thorough examination of ocular surface to determine clinical stage. Treatment for NK needs to be divided into stages according to disease severity. In addition to conventional treatments including artificial tears, blepharorrhaphy, and amniotic membrane transplantation, there are also emerging treatments such as targeted drug therapy and corneal neurotization. This article summarized the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and classification, etiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of NK, aiming to provide reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of NK in the future.

In this article, we investigate a spherically symmetric backward heat conduction problem, starting from the final temperature. This problem is severely ill posed: the solution (if it exists) does not depend continuously on the final data. A conditional stability result of its solution is given. Further, we propose a quasi-boundary value regularization method to solve this ill-posed problem. Two Hölder type error estimates between the approximate solution and its exact solution are obtained under an a priori and an a posteriori regularization parameter choice rule, respectively.

Objective To preliminarily summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of functional movement disorder (FMD) based on movement disorders clinic in China. Methods and Results A total of 593 patients with movement disorders newly diagnosed in movement disorders clinic of 22 clinical medical centers from August to September in 2023 were included, including 37 patients (6.24%) with FMD and 556 patients (93.76%) with organic movement disorder. Comparison of the epidemiological characteristics of the 2 groups, the proportions of corona virus disease (COVID⁃19) infection (χ2 = 4.217, P = 0.040) and psychopsychological symptoms (χ2 = 18.694, P = 0.000) in the FMD group were higher than those in the organic movement disorder group, while age (t = 3.757, P = 0.000), age of onset (t = 3.720, P = 0.000) and proportion of hypertension (χ2 = 4.736, P = 0.030) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of the 2 groups, the FMD group had higher proportions of tremor (χ2 = 3.955, P = 0.047) and myoclonus (Fisher′s exact probability: P = 0.011) than the organic movement disorder group, and the proportions of parkinsonism (χ2 = 8.491, P = 0.004) and gait disorder (χ2 = 5.028, P = 0.025) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Conclusions The age and age of onset, as well as the proportions of COVID⁃19 infection, hypertension, psychopsychological symptoms, tremor, myoclonus, parkinsonism and gait disorder with FMD were different from those with organic movement disorder in China.

To enhance the integration of solar power generation into the grid and harness the frequency regulation capabilities of distributed solar photovoltaics， a distributed photovoltaic cluster frequency control strategy based on EMPC （extended model predictive control） algorithm is introduced. Firstly， a fuzzy subspace clustering algorithm that takes account of cluster voltage stability and auxiliary frequency regulation performance is employed. Appropriate clustering indicators are selected to divide large-scale distributed photovoltaic units into distributed photovoltaic clusters based on these indicators. Next， based on the clustering results， a model for the distributed photovoltaic cluster is constructed. State expansion variables are introduced to obtain a dynamic predictive model for the system’s frequency response. An EMPC objective function that considers the output prediction error of the distributed photovoltaic cluster and the cluster control increment is designed to perform rolling optimization and feedback correction of the model. Finally， simulation analysis is conducted under various operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can enhance the frequency support capability of distributed photovoltaic clusters when integrated into the grid and reduce power losses in the system.

HZSM-5 molecular sieve is one of the commonly used catalysts for the alkylation of toluene with methanol to para-xylene (PX). This study introduces a one-step method to directly prepare microscale HZSM-5 catalysts with suitable pore structure and acidity. Specifically, this paper combined crystal seed regulation of the morphology of HZSM-5 and adjusted the Si/Al ratios of the precursor solution for HZSM-5 synthesis to regulate the acidic phase of the HZSM-5. It analyzed the phase composition, pore structure parameters, microstructure, and acidity of HZSM-5 molecular sieve through X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption desorption, SEM, NH3 temperature programmed desorption, pyridine infrared spectroscopy, etc. This study investigated the catalytic performance of HZSM-5 in the alkylation of toluene with methanol to PX, and explored the effects of pore structure and acidity on the catalytic performance. Results indicate that in the hydrothermal crystallization method, the crystal seeds and aluminum content in the synthesis solution have a significant impact on the acidity and morphology structure of the HZSM-5 molecular sieve. The HZSM-5 (150)molecular sieve catalyst with 5μm grain size exhibits 60% PX selectivity and 11% toluene conversion rate in the evaluation reaction of toluene methanol alkylation due to its longer diffusion path and more suitable acidic sites. By fine-tuning the pores and acidic sites of HZSM-5 molecular sieve, the selectivity for PX has been effectively improved, providing new methods and approaches for the design of shape-selective catalysts.

Background Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is common and occasionally results in life‐threatening hemorrhagic strokes. However, the cell architecture and inflammation in the IA dome remain less understood. Methods and Results Single‐cell RNA sequencing was performed on ruptured and unruptured human IA domes for delineating the cell atlas, gene expression perturbations, and inflammation features. Two external bulk mRNA sequencing–based data sets and serological results of 126 patients were collected for validation. As a result, a total of 21 332 qualified cells were captured. Vascular cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes, were assigned in extremely sparse numbers (4.84%), and were confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Pericytes, characterized by ABCC9 and HIGD1B, were identified in the IA dome for the first time. Abundant immune cells were identified, with the proportion of monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils being remarkably higher in ruptured IA. The lymphocyte compartment was also thoroughly categorized. By leveraging external data sets and machine learning algorithms, macrophages were robustly associated with IA rupture, irrespective of their polarization status. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs2280543, which is identified in East Asian populations, was associated with macrophage metabolic reprogramming through regulating TALDO1 expression. Conclusions This study provides insights into the cellular architecture and inflammatory features in the IA dome and may enlighten novel therapeutics for unruptured IA.

Since the open-up policy at the end of the 1970s, China – the largest single market in Asia – received growing attention from foreign investors and banks. However, the fragile domestic market and undeveloped financial system in China did not allow a rapid inflow of foreign banks, given that the foreign banks could exert suppression on the domestic banks. As a result, it took several years for most foreign banks to gain a foothold in mainland China. This article demonstrates how Commerzbank – one of the German Big Three – entered the Chinese market in the 1980s by establishing a branch in Hong Kong and opening a representative office in Beijing. On the basis of archival evidence and other contemporary sources, the case of China provides one slice of the history of Commerzbank’s expansion and illustrates how it coped with the surge of internationalisation in the 1980s.

Factors such as insufficient illumination in coal mine roadways, drastic changes in object scale, easy obstruction of objects, and interference from mining lights lead to low success rate and accuracy in underground object detection and tracking. In order to solve the above problems, a multi object personnel detection and dynamic tracking method based on improved kernel correlation filter (KCF) algorithm is proposed. The method can avoid detection failure due to uneven lighting in complex underground environments. The SSD detection algorithm is introduced into the improved KCF algorithm to enhance the capability to detect multiple object personnel. ① The method reads the video sequence to be tracked, uses the SSD algorithm trained on the underground dataset to detect the object in the image. The method continues reading the next frame if no object is found. ② The method places the detected object into the tracker, preprocesses the image, scores all detection boxes according to the set threshold through comparison, and arranges them in descending order based on the score. The high score detection results are directly output, while the low score detection results are used to filter out bad information to improve detection speed. ③ The method clears the tracker after tracking and predicting object M frames through KCF, and then performs object detection again. By combining detection and tracking algorithms, the continuous tracking capability of the object is ensured. The experimental results show the following points. ① The final loss value of this method is stable around 1.675, and the detection results are relatively stable. ② The SSD recognition precision after training has improved by 52.7% compared to the SSD recognition precision before training. ③ The detection success rate and tracking accuracy of this method for mine personnel are 87.9% and 88.9%, respectively, which are higher than the detection success rate and tracking accuracy of the other four algorithms (KCF, CSRT, TLD, MIL). ④ This method has a high success rate when the overlap threshold is low, and until the overlap threshold is greater than 0.8, the success rate significantly decreases. This is because the environment in the mine is diverse, and it is difficult to fully match the labeled boxes. The practical application results show that this method has high applicability in complex environments such as insufficient lighting in underground coal mine roadways, drastic changes in object scale, easy obstruction, and interference from mining lights.

Objective Relevant evidence of the prevention and management of frailty in elderly patients was retrieved, and the best evidence was formed after evaluation and summary, so as to provide reasonable and effective programs for the prevention or improvement of senile patients' debilitation. Methods A computer search was conducted on domestic and foreign databases and related websites to systematically search for relevant systematic reviews, guidelines, meta-analyses, expert consensus and evidence summaries related to the prevention and management of frailty in elderly patients. The search period is set to December 31, 2022. Results A total of 14 relevant literatures were included in this study. Specifically, it includes 6 systematic reviews/meta-analyses, 5 guidelines, 1 expert consensus and 2 evidence summaries. Finally, 7 evidence themes were formed, including identification and evaluation, systematic management, dietary intervention, exercise, medication management, multi-field intervention and continuous education, a total of 30 pieces of evidence. Conclusion This study summarizes the best available evidence on the prevention and management of frailty in elderly patients. Nursing staff should be careful to apply evidence to existing work, multidisciplinary team cooperation and combined with the patient's own situation to develop personalized prevention and management programs, so as to reduce the adverse effects of fateful state on patients' life and prognosis, promote the transformation of evidence into clinical practice. (目的 检索国内外老年衰弱患者预防及管理的相关证据, 评价与整合后形成最佳证据, 为预防或改善老年患者衰弱状态提供合理有效的方案。方法 使用计算机检索国内外数据库与相关网站, 系统地查找有关预防和管理老年患者衰弱的相关系统评价、指南、Meta分析、专家共识以及证据总结等。检索时限设定为建库至2022年12月31日。结果 最终共纳入相关文献14篇, 包括系统评价/Meta分析6篇, 指南5篇, 专家共识1篇以及证据总结2篇。最终形成了7个证据主题: 识别与评估、系统管理、饮食干预、运动锻炼、用药管理、多领域干预及延续化教育, 共30条证据。结论 本研究对目前预防和管理老年患者衰弱状态的最佳证据进行汇总。护理人员应慎重地将证据应用到现有的工作中, 多学科团队合作且结合患者自身情况制定个性化的预防及管理方案, 从而降低衰弱状态对患者生活和预后的不良影响, 推动证据向临床实践的转化。)

Currently, the inspection robot for belt conveyors equipped with infrared acquisition devices is limited in movement. There are problems such as inability to collect data, process data, upload data to monitoring terminals in real-time and complete remote fault detection, insufficient endurance and so on. A fault detection method of belt conveyor roller based on thermal infrared images has been proposed. The belt conveyor inspection robot is equipped with a roller fault detector and an infrared thermal imager. The infrared thermal imager transmits the collected roller thermal infrared image sequence and temperature data to the roller fault detector for roller fault detection. The WH-L101 wireless transmission module in the roller fault detector is used to send the detection results to the upper computer. A belt conveyor roller fault detection algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses the YOLOv5s object detection algorithm to extract the region of interest (ROI) of the roller thermal infrared image. The image of the ROI is filtered using Wiener filtering and adaptive median filtering algorithms. The filtered ROI image is enhanced by using adaptive histogram equalization and image sharpening algorithms. The Otsu image segmentation algorithm based on morphology is used to segment the enhanced ROI image, obtaining the roller image to be detected. The Harris corner detection algorithm is used to extract the features of the roller image, and obtain the position information of the roller. The temperature information of the corresponding position is extracted, and a roller fault detection algorithm based on the relative temperature difference method is used to determine the idler fault. The experimental results show: ① The average accuracy of object detection in the roller ROI extracted by YOLOv5s network model is 99.12%. ② The proposed roller fault detection algorithm has an average accuracy of 97.625% and a frame rate of 16 frames per second for detecting roller faults (no faults, bearing rust, roller jamming, and cylinder wear). ③ The detection results are transmitted to the upper computer through a wireless transmission module, which can display the fault type and key area temperature, and provide an alarm.

In order to achieve facial object detection and tracking in video, a method based on nonlinear sequence Monte Carlo filtering technology is proposed. The algorithm is simple, effective, and easy to operate, which can solve the problems of scale change and occlusion in the process of online learning tracking, so as to ensure the smooth implementation of learning effect evaluation. Experimental methods should be added to the article summary section. The results show that the algorithm in this study outperforms the basic KCF in terms of evaluation accuracy and success rate, as well as outperforms other tracker algorithms in benchmark, achieving scores of 0.837 and 0.705, respectively. In terms of overlapping accuracy, the reason why this study’s algorithm is higher than KCF is that this study determines the tracking status of the current target by calculating the primary side regulated (PSR) value when the target is obscured or lost, which does not make the tracking error to accumulate. The tracking algorithm in this study is not ranked first in the two attributes of motion blur and low resolution, but the rankings of all other nine attributes belong to the first. Compared with the KCF algorithm, the accuracy plots for the three attributes of scale change, occlusion, and leaving the field of view are improved by 10.26, 13.48, and 13.04%, respectively. Thus, it is proved that the method based on nonlinear sequence Monte Carlo filtering technology can achieve video facial object detection and tracking.

The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated hospitals in mainland China from 2000 to 2021.

A high-fidelity optical fiber microphone (HF-OFM) with hybrid frequency and fast response is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated by the nanofabrication techniques for real-time communication, which consists of a graphene oxide (GO) film, an Au nanocoating, and an air cavity. The internal stress of the film is increased by the method of mechanical tensile preparation, and the microphone response flatness is improved. Meanwhile, the structural design of the 3 nm Au nanocoating improves the acoustic pressure detection sensitivity by 2.5 times by increasing the reflectivity. The experimental result shows that single, dual, and triple frequency acoustic signal detection in the frequency range of 0.1 kHz–20 kHz are achieved with acoustic pressure sensitivities of 9.64, 9.66, and 8.9 V/Pa, as well as flat frequency response (

This work investigated the genetic relationship among Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains in fecal samples from dairy cows in northeast China and identified the dominant β-lactamase genotype. One hundred and six samples were collected from two randomly selected cow farms in northeast China, and the isolates were identified with MALDI-TOF/MS. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using Illumina HiSeq 4000-PE150 platform (Illumina, Inc., USA). The antimicrobial resistance genes were detected using CGE services. The phylogenetic analysis of S. maltophilia strains was performed by Roary and MEGA X. In total, 24 S. maltophilia isolates were isolated. The results of resistome analysis showed all S. maltophilia strains carrying blaL1 gene, which was the only β-lactamase genotype. In addition, the aminoglycoside resistance genes aac(6′)-Iz and aph(3′)-IIc were found. The phylogenetic tree indicated the clonal diversity of S. maltophilia in these two regions and the clonal relatedness of the strains from these regions. This study first investigated the dissemination and characterization of S. maltophilia isolates from dairy cows in northeast China and provided evidence of the potential transmission between two provinces. Furthermore, it indicated blaL1 was the most prevalent genotype of β-lactamase in these regions.

BackgroundGaussian shaping is commonly used to filter and extract the amplitude of nuclear pulse signals owing to its high signal-to-noise ratio, resistance to ballistic loss, and ease of amplitude extraction. However, the problems of asymmetry and downwash exist in Gaussian-like signals generated by Sallen-Key and CR-(RC)m filters.PurposeThis study aims to address the problems of asymmetry and downwash in Gaussian-like signals generated by Sallen-Key and CR-(RC)m filters, this paper presents a trigonometric function-based Gaussian-like pulse shaping algorithm for dual-exponential signals.MethodsFirst, the impact of shaping parameters on the shaping pulse and filtering performance of the algorithm was examined by applying Gaussian-like pulse shaping to simulated nuclear pulse signals. Then, the filtering performances of Gaussian-like and sin pulse shaping algorithms were compared and analyzed using the same shaping width. Finally, the characteristic X-ray signals of manganese (FAST-SDD detector) were collected using a self-made digital nuclear signal acquisition board under various tube flows. The energy resolution and count rate characteristics of the energy spectra obtained from Gaussian-like, sin, and trapezoidal shaping algorithms were comparatively analyzed for different tube flows and shaping times.ResultsComparison results show that Gaussian pulse shaping exhibits superior denoising performance to sin pulse shaping, with an 8.95% improvement in the SNR for the same peak arrival time. Additionally, the energy resolution of the spectrum obtained using Gaussian pulse shaping exceeds that of sin pulse shaping, and its stacking pulse separation ability outperforms that of trapezoidal pulse shaping, making it highly applicable.ConclusionsGaussian-like pulse shaping presented in this study demonstrats better stacking pulse separation capability than trapezoidal pulse shaping, indicating promising application prospects.

In order to improve the application of copper powder in the field of microwave absorption, nickel coated copper powder and silver coated nickel coated copper composite powder were prepared by electroless plating method using copper powder as raw material. The phase composition and microstructure of composite powder was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscope. And the electromagnetic adsorption performance was tested by vector grid analyzer. The results show that the sample of nickel-coated copper powder with a thickness of 2.4 mm at 10.74 GHz has a RL min of -21.09 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 0.08 GHz. The sample with a thickness of 2.6 mm at 10.78 GHz has a RL min of -25.04 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 0.15 GHz. In the band of 8.2 ~12.4 GHz, the RL min at 9.92 GHz is -55.36 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth is 4.2 GHz when the thickness of the sample is 2.6 mm. The thickness of the sample is 2.2～2.6 mm, and the reflection loss value in the whole X-band is less than -10 dB, which is the effective absorption bandwidth. Compared with nickel coated copper powder, silver coated copper coated powder has better microwave absorption performance, wider absorption frequency and wider thickness range.

The variant aircraft can change its shape to adapt to different flight states and improve aerodynamic properties of aircraft. Aiming at a new hypersonic vehicle concept machine, the applicability of the wing variable sweep design on this hypersonic aircraft is discussed, and the influence of the deformation design of directly extending the trailing edge of the wing on the aerodynamics of the aircraft is studied. Firstly, the 3D model of the hypersonic vehicle with different deformable wings is obtained. Then, based on the k-ε turbulence model, the numerical simulation of the external flow field around the hypersonic vehicle is carried out respectively. Finally, the aerodynamic characteristics of the hypersonic vehicle under different angles of attack and different wing deformation schemes are analyzed. The research results show that the variable-sweep wing scheme cannot achieve the goal of improving the liftto-drag ratio under the design conditions of the hypersonic vehicle, and the deformation design of directly extending the wing can improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the hypersonic vehicle under the design conditions. The research results can provide reference for the design of hypersonic variant aircraft, and have certain practical value.

Owing to the development issues of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in the new domestic and international situation, the content, challenges, and paths of innovation and development of the Greater Bay Area are explored from multiple dimensions, including economic, social, cultural, and institutional. The innovation and development of the Greater Bay Area should strengthen technological and industrial innovation capabilities, improve regional resilience to cope with external shocks, increase the mobility of intraregional factors, improve the well-being of the people's livelihood, enhance the capacity of spatial governance, promote integrated urban-rural development, and optimize the regional pattern of ecological security. The conclusion is that considering the innovation and development of the Greater Bay Area from a systemic and interconnected perspective is crucial for seeking innovations in various development fields and promoting coupling and coordination among them. Therefore, the region may acquire the agency that can continuously break through bottlenecks, resolve external shocks, and unlock new paths of development. We call for the strengthening of cross-field and cross-disciplinary collaborative research to contribute the power of geography to the realization of the development goals of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

In order to overcome the problems of poor real-time performance, high false alarm rate and underreport alarm rate of mine external fire monitoring, a method of fire monitoring using the fusion of visible visual features is proposed.Firstly, the visual features corresponding to the video images of fire sources in different monitoring environments are analyzed, and the extraction methods of fire source texture, sharp corners, similarity coefficient and flicker frequency are designed.Then, an improved seed region growth algorithm is used to segment the suspected fire area, and different feature extraction methods are used to calculate the dynamic and static characteristics of the suspected fire area.Secondly, the extracted dynamic and static features are used to construct fire feature vectors.Finally, a fire monitoring model using BP neural network is constructed, and monitoring model is verified.The results show that the proposed fire monitoring method can effectively detect mine external fire in different scenes and distances.The correct rate and detection rate are 98.60% and 99.06%, respectively, the false detection rate is as low as 2.00%.It has strong anti-interference ability and robustness.

To solve the problem of low teaching efficiency in the traditional music course online assistant teaching system, the author proposes a music teaching technology analysis method based on a data mining model. The author proposes a music education model based on the RBF algorithm, which will help improve students’ exploration skills and play an important role for teachers. Through learning and teaching, students can become the center of learning and promote their interest and knowledge in music education. Firstly, the research status of intelligent interactive music learning is analyzed, and then the creation of a neuron model and RBF algorithm using intelligent technology, the definition of music learning methods, and the creation of an independent learning platform are discussed. Select an existing manual for comparative testing. The experimental results show that the training performance of the proposed method exceeds 90%. Although the training performance of both systems is improving, the demonstration of the planning process is very high, and there are some opportunities. Conclusion: Intelligent machines play a great role in students’ music learning, providing better learning opportunities, and providing useful aspects for educational research.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a crucial mechanism for cellular compartmentalization. One prominent example of this is the stress granule. Found in various types of cells, stress granule is a biomolecular condensate formed through phase separation. It comprises numerous RNA and RNA-binding proteins. Over the past decades, substantial knowledge has been gained about the composition and dynamics of stress granules. SGs can regulate various signaling pathways and have been associated with numerous human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. The threat of viral infections continues to loom over society. Both DNA and RNA viruses depend on host cells for replication. Intriguingly, many stages of the viral life cycle are closely tied to RNA metabolism in human cells. The field of biomolecular condensates has rapidly advanced in recent times. In this context, we aim to summarize research on stress granules and their link to viral infections. Notably, stress granules triggered by viral infections behave differently from the canonical stress granules triggered by sodium arsenite (SA) and heat shock. Studying stress granules in the context of viral infections could offer a valuable platform to link viral replication processes and host anti-viral responses. A deeper understanding of these biological processes could pave the way for innovative interventions and treatments for viral infectious diseases. They could potentially bridge the gap between basic biological processes and interactions between viruses and their hosts.

In order to improve the catalytic efficiency of metal catalysts for borohydride fuel cells, three-dimensional nano-porous Ag/NiO composite catalysts were prepared by dealloying method, with Al-Ag and Al-Ag-Ni as precursor alloys. On the premise of reducing the amount of Ag used, the catalyst has significantly improved its performance of electrocatalytic sodium borohydride oxide by virtue of the addition of NiO and its structural advantages. Among them, the nano porous Ag/NiO catalyst obtained after dealloying the precursor alloy Al90Ag9Ni1 has the best performance in the performance test of electrocatalytic oxidation of sodium borohydride, with a peak current density of 158.72 mA· mg-1, and a catalytic performance improvement of 35% compared to the nano porous Ag (116.88 mA· mg-1). This catalyst provides a feasible improvement method for improving the activity of sodium borohydride fuel cell catalysts and reducing costs.

Abstract Background Colonoscopy is considered the most effective screening method for colorectal polyps. However, the longevity and complexity of the procedure makes it less desirable to screen for colorectal polyps in the general population. Therefore, it is essential to identify other independent risk factors. In this study, we explored the link between Hp infection, atrophic gastritis, and colorectal polyps to identify a new potential risk factors of colorectal polyps. Methods In this study, atrophic gastritis and intestinal polyps were diagnosed by endoscopy and pathology. All the 792 patients in this retrospective study were divided into sub-groups based on the presence of colorectal polyps. The correlation between polyps and atrophic gastritis was analyzed using the chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive value for colorectal polyps between Hp infection and atrophic gastritis. Binary logistic regression was utilized to identify independent risk factors for colorectal polyps. Results Patients with colorectal polyps were primarily male with advanced age, and the number of patients with colorectal polyps had a higher association with smoking, alcohol drinking, and Hp infection than the control group. A positive correlation between the number of colorectal polyps and the severity of atrophic gastritis was observed. ROC analysis showed that atrophic gastritis was a better risk factors for colorectal polyps. Multivariate analysis identified atrophic gastritis as an independent risk factor for colorectal polyps (OR 2.294; 95% CI 1.597–3.296). Conclusions Atrophic gastritis confirmed could be an independent risk factors for colorectal polyps.

Achieving multifunctional wavefront manipulations of waves with a flat and thin plate is pivotal for high-capacity communications, which however is also challenging. A multi-layer metasurface with suppressed mode crosstalk provides an efficient recipe primarily for circular polarization, but all multiple functionalities still are confined to locked spin states and modes. Here, a multifunctional metasurface with spin-decoupled full-space wavefront control is reported by multiplexing both linear momentum and frequency degree of freedom. We employed vertically cascaded quadrangular patches and crossbars to integrate both geometric and dynamic phases and realized four channels between two spin states and two frequencies in distinct scattering modes (transmission and reflection). For verification, a proof-of-concept metadevice with four-port wavefront manipulations is experimentally demonstrated, exhibiting distinct functionalities including spin- and frequency-dependent focusing, quad-beam radiation, anomalous reflections, and Bessel beam generation. Our finding of full-space spin-decoupled metasurfaces would be important for high-capacity communications, multifunctional radar detections, and other applications.

Since the concept of “Community of Human Destiny” was proposed in 2012, it has garnered extensive attention from British, American, and other Western media. In this paper, a comparable corpus is constructed with the reports on “Community of Human Destiny” and related news articles in Chinese and Western mainstream media. Using the AntConc search tool, the CRF-NLG model embedded in natural language grammar is established by using corpus-based discourse analysis combined with Lafferty’s Conditional Random Field Model to realize the identification of terminology and the extraction of the corpus. The Chinese and Western media coverage corpora CSFCNC and CSFWNC are constructed to explore the differences in Chinese and Western mainstream media’s image construction of China. The results show that “Benefit” appears most frequently in overseas media’s publicity of the “Community of Human Destiny” (Frequency=521, LLR=6.37), indicating that the overseas media’s publicity of the “Community of Human Destiny” has a strong influence on China’s image. This shows that the determining factor of the judgment standard and attitude of overseas media towards the “Community of Human Destiny” is “self-interest”. The Chinese media’s coverage of the “community of human destiny” has constructed the image of China as a responsible socialist power that promotes common development and seeks the well-being of all peoples. This kind of research has important reference value for how to further develop multilevel and multi-disciplinary public diplomacy and international political communication, better shape China’s national image, and enhance national soft power and global discourse.

With the continuous improvement of technology and residents’ living standards. Should actively adapt to the opportunities and challenges brought by the Internet to the tourism marketing model, For the sustainable and rapid development of tourism on the wings of takeoff. In this paper, based on a brief explanation of the basic theory of database marketing, to achieve sustainable development of tourism marketing. Adopted the development of ecotourism boutique routes, Implementing multi-faceted marketing channels and means. Improvement of ecotourism infrastructure and service levels and other development measures. Create a tourism marketing model that responds to the trend of the times. Innovative marketing with big data technology can greatly stimulate the tourist crowd. Two times more efficient with dual cores. Get 56 times the execution efficiency with 64 cores. Get the efficiency of linear growth. The most direct way to increase the share of tourism companies in the consumer market. Maximize the value of marketing economic inputs and outputs. The results show that the improved PSO algorithm is more effective in database stability and dispersion. This makes it important for tourism marketing.

Mechano growth factor (MGF), an isoform of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), is recognized as a typical mechanically sensitive growth factor and has been shown to play an indispensable role in the skeletal system. In the joint cavity, MGF is highly expressed in chondrocytes, especially in the damaged cartilage tissue caused by trauma or degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). Cartilage is an extremely important component of joints because it functions as a shock absorber and load distributer at the weight-bearing interfaces in the joint cavity, but it can hardly be repaired once injured due to its lack of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. MGF has been proven to play an important role in chondrocyte behaviors, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammatory reactions and apoptosis, in and around the injury site. Moreover, under the normalized mechanical microenvironment in the joint cavity, MGF can sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, regulate chondrocyte activity, and maintain the homeostasis of cartilage tissue. Recent reports continue to explain its effects on various cell types and sport-related tissues, but its role in cartilage development, homeostasis and disease occurrence is still controversial, and its internal biological mechanism is still elusive. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries on the role of MGF in chondrocytes and cartilage defects, including tissue repair at the macroscopic level and chondrocyte activities at the microcosmic level, and discuss the current state of research and potential gaps in knowledge.

In this paper, the overall development of electromagnetic heating food technology and even electromagnetic cooking technology was analyzed from multiple perspectives by means of literature date summary, and questionnaire survey analysis. This paper focused on the main components and functions, technical elements, core technical indicators and research hotspots of electromagnetic heating food equipment, and the current overall research situation of electromagnetic cooking food technology was also summarized and analyzed. For the commercial electromagnetic cooker products, this paper summarized and analyzed the market application situation and main use problems of electromagnetic cooker based on the questionnaire survey analysis method. Finally, based on the current situation of increasingly prominent problems of electromagnetic cooking products, the future development suggestion of standardizing market order and improving technology foresight was pointed out.

The pipeline plays an important role in the transportation of energy, and its safe, reasonable and stable operation is of great significance. This study takes DN250-350 mm oil and gas pipelines as the main application scenario, and plans to design a crawler-type pipeline inspection and repair robots that use a screw nut reducing mechanism to achieve diameter reduction to achieve self-adaptive purposes. The crawler-type pipeline inspection and repair robot can be divided into a drive unit, a detection unit, a connection unit and an isolation repair unit. When the length of the constituent unit of the robot is less than 452.88 mm, it can pass through the elbow from the analysis of geometric constraints. The speed equation of the robot can be obtained by analyzing the motion state of the robot during the running process by the coordinate transformation method. The crawler robot moves more smoothly when passing through the bend with the 3-track differential characteristic. By means of simulation analysis and experimental verification, the passing ability of the elbow is verified. The research on the passing ability of the crawler-type pipeline inspection and repair robot can provide some references for the stable inspection, emergency security and treatment of oil and gas pipelines.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), and metformin, as the main therapeutic drug for T2DM, has shown positive effects on OA without a clear mechanism. This study aimed to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of oral metformin in T2DM-induced OA. We identified differentially expressed genes, using the GSE117999 and GSE98918 datasets, and protein–protein interaction networks were analyzed using the MCODE algorithm in cytospace to finalize the OA hub genes (S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12). To validate whether S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 are potential targets of action for OA, we randomly divided 40 SD rats into a control group (CG, n = 10) and a T2DM group (n = 30). We modeled rats in the T2DM group with streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p.) and a high carbohydrate and fat diet. Finally, 20 were randomly selected and divided into the T2DM group (n = 10) and the treated group (Met + T2DM, n = 10), and the treated group was given Met (180 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 8 weeks. We subsequently used histological assessment to show that oral metformin mitigated the development of T2DM-associated OA as indicated by the OA Research Society International score and articular cartilage thickness, and immunohistochemistry also confirmed that metformin significantly reduced the expression of S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 in the knee joints of OA rats. In conclusion, metformin demonstrated a protective effect against OA in T2DM-induced rats, slowing knee OA progression by inhibiting S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 expression. These findings suggest potential biological targets for future OA treatments.

BackgroundFull-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM)–X-ray absorption near-edge structural (XANES) (TXM-XANES) is an imaging method that combines TXM and XANES. By measuring the TXM images of multiple energy points before and after the K-edge of the element of interest, the distribution of elemental chemical states in the sample can be determined. Conventional TXM-XANES data requires the acquisition of images and background images at each energy point, which results in a large data volume and extended acquisition time. At the nanoscale, the instability of the mechanical structure and the movement of the sample may impact the TXM-XANES data analysis.PurposeThis study aims to use machine learning methods to achieve background-image sequence prediction modeling using only two spectral background images to reduce the data volume and shorten the acquisition time.MethodsMachine learning, polynomial regression, and linear interpolation were used to generate background image sequences. A prediction model of the complex linear relationship between image grayscale values, pixel points, energy, and other related features based on the known data was established. Subsequently, the entire background image sequence could be predicted using only two spectral background images. Finally, 2D energy distribution maps obtained by conventional TXM-XANES method and this improved TXM-XANES method for standard powder samples and lithium battery cathode material sample were compared and analyzed in details.ResultsThe proposed method achieves complete background-image sequence prediction modeling using only two spectral background images. The comparison results show that the proposed method requires a lower data volume and shorter acquisition time than the conventional TXM-XANES methods, which can significantly improve the experimental efficiency of TXM-XANES.ConclusionsThis study addresses the issues of prolonged data gathering time and poor experimental efficiency in TXM-XANES by developing a machine learning model that builds complex linear relationships between pixel values and related features, such as location and color, using machine learning. Using the two TXM-XANES background images for full-sequence background prediction achieves rapid prediction of the entire background image sequence.

IntroductionPathogen spectrum of Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has substantially changed in the past decade in China. Growing evidence has indicated that anti-COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) can support control of various infectious diseases, including intestinal diseases.MethodsIn this study, HFMD cases were enrolled from sentinel hospitals of Nanchang, Jiangxi province, and enteroviruses were genotyped using specific real time RT-PCR. We systematically characterized the epidemiology of HFMD based on the continuous molecular surveillance and estimated the impact of COVID-19 intervention on HFMD incidence using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models.ResultsA total of 10247 HFMD cases were included during 2010-2022, of which 6121 enterovirus (EV)-positive cases (59.7%) were identified by real-time RT-PCR. Over 80% cases were associated with EV-A71 and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) during 2010-2012, while the type distribution significantly changed as CVA6 emerged to be dominant, accounting for 22.6%-59.6% during 2013-2022. It was observed that the prevalence patterns of EV-A71 and CVA16 were similar and both of them peaked in the second quarter and then leveled off. However, CVA6 was generally prevalent around the fourth quarter, demonstrating a staggered prevalence during 2010-2019. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the seasonal HFMD epidemic peak was restrained, and the ARIMA analysis indicated that the COVID-19 intervention had mitigated EV transmission during the first COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020. In addition, bivariate Spearman’s cross-correlation coefficients were estimated for the major types CVA6, CVA16 and EV-A71. Our analyses indicated the possible existence of correlations among CVA6, CVA16 and EV-A71 prevalence in the epidemiological level.DiscussionTaken together, the type distribution of HFMD has substantially changed over the last decade and CVA6 and CVA16 are currently the most predominant types co-circulating in Nanchang. The anti-COVID-19 NPIs significantly reduced the incidence of EV infections.