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Background Primary care general practitioners encounter significant challenges in diagnosing and managing skin diseases, highlighting the urgent need for artificial intelligence (AI) assisted systems. Although AI has the potential to improve diagnostic and treatment efficiency, research on its application in primary care settings remains limited. Objective To investigate the effectiveness and impact of an AI-assisted system in supporting primary care general practitioners with the diagnosis and management of skin diseases. Methods From December 2022 to March 2024, 19 general practitioners from community health centers in Hangzhou were voluntarily recruited for this study. They were randomly divided into two groups: an AI group with 10 physicians and a control group with 9 physicians. During this period, these physicians treated a total of 90 patients with skin diseases: 50 in the AI group and 40 in the control group. Physicians in the AI group utilized the Ruifu AI-assisted system for diagnosing and managing dermatological diseases, whereas those in the control group followed standard treatment protocols without AI assistance. Both groups compiled patients' medical records, auxiliary examination reports, and photographs of skin lesions during consultations. Two skin disease experts were invited to conduct remote consultations to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the two groups. On the first day (1 d) and the fourteenth day (14 d) of treatment, patients underwent assessments using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and satisfaction surveys were conducted separately for patients in the AI and control groups. A questionnaire survey was administered to doctors in the AI group to assess their experience with the Ruifu AI-assisted system. Results No significant differences were observed in gender, age, or education level among patients in the AI and control groups (P>0.05), nor among physicians in terms of gender, age, education, and professional titles (P>0.05). The AI group's general practitioners achieved higher diagnostic accuracy for skin diseases than those in the control group (64.0% vs 37.5%, P=0.012). Fourteen days post-treatment, improvements in the DLQI scores were observed in both the AI and control groups, with significant differences (P

Objective To study the effect of the combinational use of miR-34a-functionalized Bio-Oss® bone powder with transglutaminase crosslinked gelatin (Col-Tgel) on the osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone defect healing after irradiation. Methods The experiment was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee. BMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of 2-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and identified. After reaching 80% confluence, BMSCs were irradiated with 2 Gy of X-ray radiation to establish a radiation-damaged BMSC model for further experimentation. 2.5 μL or 5 μL of Col-Tgel was mixed with 10 mg of Bio-Oss® (P) to prepare PG-2.5 and PG-5. The optimal proportion of Bio-Oss® (P) and Col-Tgel was determined through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Cy3-labeled agomiR-34a, agomiR-34a, or agomiR NC was mixed with lipofectamine 2000 and added to 10 mg of Bio-Oss® (P). The mixtures were lyophilized, and 2.5 μL Col-Tgel was added to each group of lyophilized Bio-Oss®/lipofectamine/miRNA complexes or to 10 mg of Bio-Oss® to obtain PG-Cy3-miR-34a, PG-miR-34a, PG-miR NC, and PG. Irradiated BMSCs were cocultured with PG-Cy3-miR-34a to evaluate cellular uptake of Cy3-agomiR-34a using confocal microscopy. Then, irradiated BMSCs were cocultured with PG-miR-34a, PG-miR NC, and PG. The expression of miR-34a was tested by RT-qPCR and cell proliferation was tested by CCK-8 assay. After 14 days of osteogenic induction, the mRNA expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OCN) was tested by RT-qPCR. The bilateral tibias of 8-week-old SD rats were irradiated with a single dose of 15 Gy of X-ray radiation. Three weeks later, tibial defects with a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 2 mm were created 2-3 mm below the epiphyseal line in the tibial metaphysis. The composite bone substitute materials of PG-miR-34a, PG-miR NC, and PG were implanted into the defect area. Eight weeks after implantation, the tibias were harvested and evaluated for bone regeneration using micro-CT analysis and HE staining. Results The results demonstrated that 2 Gy irradiation adversely affected the osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs, evidenced by the decreased ALP staining and number of mineralized nodules stained with Alizarin red in the irradiated group compared to the non-irradiated group. The composite material consisting of 10 mg Bio-Oss® and 2.5 μL Col-Tgel exhibited good osteogenic induction capability and handling properties and was used for subsequent experiments. The PG-Cy3-miR-34a could deliver the loaded Cy3-agomiR-34a into irradiated BMSCs. PG-miR-34a enhanced the expression of miR-34a in irradiated BMSCs without affecting cell proliferation. PG-miR-34a significantly upregulated the expression of osteogenic-related genes, including Runx2, ALP, and OCN. In the experiment of bone defect healing in irradiated tibias, micro-CT analysis showed that PG-miR-34a group had a higher bone volume in the bone defect area compared to other groups. The HE staining results also confirmed that implantation of PG-miR-34a can promote the healing of bone defects in irradiated tibias. Conclusion The combinational use of miR-34a-functionalized Bio-Oss® bone powder with Col-Tgel could promote the osteogenic differentiation of irradiated BMSCs and enhance bone regeneration in irradiated bone defects.

Resorting to the spectral analysis of the 4 × 4 matrix spectral problem, we construct a 4 × 4 matrix Riemann–Hilbert problem to solve the initial value problem for the Hermitian symmetric space derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The nonlinear steepest decent method is extended to study the 4 × 4 matrix Riemann–Hilbert problem, from which the various Deift–Zhou contour deformations and the motivation behind them are given. Through some proper transformations between the corresponding Riemann–Hilbert problems, the basic Riemann–Hilbert problem is reduced to a model Riemann–Hilbert problem, by which the long-time asymptotic behavior to the solution of the initial value problem for the Hermitian symmetric space derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation is obtained with the help of the asymptotic expansion of the parabolic cylinder function and strict error estimates.

This study conducted the CO2-PTF coal experiment to further reveal the fracturing transformation mechanism of CO2 phase transition fracturing(CO2-PTF)coal. According to the CT scanning and 3D fracture reconstruction, we analyzed the fracture structure parameters of coal before and after CO2-PTF, and clarified the evolution characteristics of the three-dimensional fracture structure of coal induced by CO2-PTF. The research results indicated that after CO2-PTF, the total number of fractures in the coal sample decreased, while the total volume and surface area of fractures increased. The CO2-PTF generated fracture expansion and transformation effects where the small-scale fractures were expanded and transformed into larger scale fractures under the CO2-PTF pressure. The number, volume, and surface area of fractures of less than 1 000 μm in length were significantly reduced, while the volume and surface area of fractures of longer than 1 000 μm in length were significantly increased. The expansion and connection between fractures caused a decrease in their quantity. CO2-PTF improves the connectivity of the three-dimensional fracture in coal and is conducive to gas migration and production. This study offers new insights into and evaluation method for the effect of CO2-PTF, and could provide references for the research on fracture evolution characteristics in other unconventional natural gas reservoirs and their modifications.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential reduction of cardiovascular stress response caused by suspension laryngoscopic surgery through the application of lidocaine spray on the larynx and trachea. Methods: A total of 68 patients scheduled for elective suspension laryngoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to either the lidocaine group (Group L, n = 34) or the control group (Group C, n = 33). In Group L, patients received a sprayed lidocaine dose of 2 mg/kg on the larynx and trachea after anesthesia induction, prior to intubation. In Group C, equal volumes of saline solution were administered. MAP and HR were recorded at various time points: before anesthesia (T0), 1-minute after intubation (T1), 1 and 3 min after suspension laryngoscopy (T2 and T3), at the end of the operation (T4), and at 1, 5, and 30 min after extubation (T5, T6, and T7). Arterial blood glucose, epinephrine, and norepinephrine levels were measured at T0, T2, T5, and T7. The occurrence of severe cough and sore throat at T6 and T7 after extubation was compared between the two groups. Results: At T0 and T1, there were no statistically significant differences in mean arterial pressures, heart rate, and blood catecholamine levels between the two groups. However, from T2 to T7, the blood pressure and heart rate in Group L were lower compared to Group C, with significant differences observed at T2‒T6 (p

The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) involves chronic inflammation of the submucosal layer and disruption of epithelial barrier function within the gastrointestinal tract. Connexin 43 (Cx43) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation and its associated carcinogenic effects. However, a comprehensive analysis of Cx43’s role in mucosal and peripheral immunity in patients with UC is lacking. In this study, the colon tissues of patients with UC exhibited severe damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier, resulting in a significant impairment of junctional communication as observed by transmission electron microscopy. The mRNA expression of Cx43 was found to be significantly elevated in the UC group compared to the control group, as determined using the Affymetrix expression profile chip and subsequently validated using qRT-PCR. The immunofluorescence analysis revealed a significantly higher mean fluorescence intensity of Cx43 in the UC group compared to the control group. Additionally, Cx43 was observed in both the cell membrane and nucleus, providing clear evidence of nuclear translocation. The proportion of Cx43 in the UC group for CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes was increased in the control group, but only the proportion of Cx43 for CD8+ T lymphocytes showed significant difference by flow cytometry. The involvement of Cx43 in the pathogenesis of UC and its potential role in mucosal immunity warrants further investigation, as it holds promise as a prospective biomarker and therapeutic target for this condition. The proportion of Cx43 in the UC group for CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes was increased in the control group, but only the proportion of Cx43 for CD8+ T lymphocytes showed a significant difference.

The Western Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is the final link to be constructed for the four-horizontal three-vertical framework of China’s national water network. The adjustable water volume in the water source areas is a focal and challenging issue in the planning and demonstration of the Western Route. This study raised ten questions related to the adjustable water volume in the water source areas of the Western Route from the aspects of water resource background conditions and evolution trends, ecological and socio-economic water demands, scales of reservoirs and water conveyance projects, as well as impacts of water diversion on water resource development and utilization, aquatic ecological environment, hydropower, and navigation in the water source areas and their lower reaches. Based on a distributed hydrological model of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, a simulation and analysis model for calculating the adjustable water volume in water source areas of the Western Route is established to quantitatively answer the ten questions raised. The main conclusions are as follows. First, under the premise of solely satisfying ecological and socio-economic water demands within and outside the river channels of the water source areas, a plan that combines upper and lower routes presents an average adjustable water volume of 1.59×1010 m³ over multiple years, while a plan for solely constructing a lower route can reach an average adjustable water volume of 1.74×1010 m³ by constructing the Gangtuo Reservoir for coordinated operation. Second, comprehensively considering the impacts of water diversion on water balance, hydropower, and navigation, as well as their acceptability in the water source areas, the adjustable water volume is between 1.22×1010 and 1.26×1010 m³. Third, in the long term, the plan should focus on connecting and integrating the water network in the southwestern region with the main framework and major streams of the national water network of China. This will reduce the impacts of water diversion by the Western Route Project, increase the overall water supply capacity of the project, and promote its adaptability to external conditions such as climate change.

BackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an alternative modality for thyroid nodules (TNs) and many studies have also confirmed its favorable efficacy and safety. The scope of RFA increases in clinical practice and the aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of RFA.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of RFA for thyroid nodules between January 2017 and December 2022 at our institution. We assessed the change in nodal volume, volume reduction ratio (VRR), technique effective (TE) rate, complete ablation (CA) rate, and nodal regrowth rate and time after RFA.ResultsWe performed RFA for 1703 patients with TNs between January 2017 and December 2022, of which a total of 970 eligible patients were enrolled in the study. The preoperative volume of TNs was 6.23 ± 8.11ml, with 821 benign and 149 malignant nodules. The post-RFA TE and adjusted TE rate were 80% and 88.8%, respectively. CA was achieved in 145 (14.9%) patients with a mean time of 18.32± 12.98 months; nodal regrowth occurred in 15 (1.5%) patients with a mean time of 29.80 ± 12.47 months. TNs volume and VRR changed significantly at years 1 and 2 after RFA and stabilized after 5 years. A serious postoperative adverse event occurred in one patient with cervical sympathetic chain injury resulting in Horner’s syndrome. A transient or permanent damage of the recurrent laryngeal nerve could not be evaluated due to the lack of postoperative laryngoscopy, and this is a significant limitation of the study.ConclusionThe expanded RFA indications were also effective for TNs, with no significant change in long-term efficacy.

GH4169 alloy usually serves in high temperature environment，and the high temperature performance of GH4169 alloy made by additive material is often lower than that of the standard of forgings，which affects its service safety，thus it is necessary to improve its safety by means of heat treatment. In this work，GH4169 alloy was prepared by selective laser melting（SLM），and the effects of hot isostatic heat treatment process on the microstructure，high temperature tensile properties and high temperature stress rupture properties of the SLM formed GH4169 alloy were investigated by using characterization methods such as optical microscopy（OM），scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry（EDS），etc. The results show that，compared with the conventional heat treatment processes，the grains of GH4169 alloy after hot isostatic treatment are equiaxed，the pores and Laves phases are basically disappeared，the short rod-like δ phase is more continuous at the grain boundaries，a large number of granular γ'' phases are precipitated inside the grains，and the grains are significantly refined. After hot isostatic pressing treatment，the ultimate tensile strengths of GH4169 alloy at 650 ℃ are 1053 MPa and 1051 MPa，the elongations after breaking are 8.6% and 8.5%，the high temperature stress rupture properties are 1620 min and 2065 min，and the high temperature endurance time is improved by 90 times and 30 times respectively in scanning and building direction. The high temperature ultimate tensile strength and high temperature stress rupture properties are higher than wrought standard，while the elongation after breaking has not exceeded the wrought standard.

Understanding the causes of hydrogen embrittlement and its detrimental effects is essential for ensuring the integrity of pipeline steel. Various testing methods, including slow strain rate and fatigue life testing, are commonly employed to evaluate the susceptibility of metals to embrittlement. Pipeline steel materials often exhibit reduced toughness, accelerated crack propagation, and other hydrogen-related damage during slow strain rate tests conducted at hydrogen pressures below 5 MPa or in environments with a hydrogen volume fraction of 10% in blended natural gas. To simulate the conditions of steel serving in a hydrogen-rich environment,experiments incorporate methods of gas-phase hydrogenation and electrochemical hydrogenation. The former simulates the effects of different gas-phases on hydrogen embrittlement, while the latter replicates long-term hydrogen permeation. This paper provides an overview of the process and mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement and analyzes three technologies for prevention and control:(1) modification of pipeline steel materials and processing techniques to optimize microstructure, enhance diffusion rates,and mitigate hydrogen atom aggregation;(2) introduction of gas inhibitors to slow hydrogen molecule adsorption on material surfaces through competitive adsorption; and(3) utilization of coatings on the inner pipeline wall to provide a barrier between hydrogen and the steel. Based on these insights, the paper offers suggestions for further optimizing pipeline hydrogen embrittlement control technology.

As the core of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing, TCM nursing technology is a unique set of techniques and methods different from modern nursing. On the basis of long-term clinical practice, nursing methods by TCM syndrome differentiation and the appropriate technology with TCM characteristics has been summed up from theory to practice, especially the pivotal role of appropriate TCM technology in diagnosis, treatment and nursing. The training of TCM nursing talents is the foundation, the level of specialization is the key, and the management mechanism is the guarantee to the standardization of TCM nursing technology. This article summarizes the effective means to improve the TCM nursing technology, in order to provide reference for the standardization and promotion of TCM nursing technology. (中医护理操作技术是中医护理的核心, 是一套不同于现代护理操作的独特技术与方法。中医临床护理通过长期实践, 总结出了从理论到实践的辨证施护方法和中医特色适宜技术, 尤其是中医特色适宜技术在诊疗护理方面起着举足轻重的作用。中医护理人才培养是基础, 专业化水平是关键, 管理机制是保障。本文通过总结提升中医护理技术的有效手段, 以便为中医护理技术的规范与推广提供参考。)

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and inflammatory indicators of hospitalized patients infected with Omicron BA.5.2 variant, and screen for possible prognostic diagnostic markers. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data from hospitalized patients with Omicron BA.5.2 variant infection admitted to the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from August 1 to November 30, 2022. The patients were divided into mild, common, severe, and critically ill patient groups based on the severity of the disease. The differences in clinical data between the four groups were compared, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze inflammation indicators related to the severity of the disease. Multiple logistic regression method and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the correlation between various indicators and patient prognosis, as well as the evaluation value for disease severity and prognosis. Results A total of 3006 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included, including 1522 males (50.63%) and 1484 females (49.37%), with an average age of (58.72±18.01)(14-96) years. According to the severity of the disease, they were classified into mild (40.98%, 1232/3006), ordinary (52.56%, 1580/3006), severe (4.26%, 128/3006), and critically severe (2.20%, 66/3006) groups.There were a significant differences(all P < 0.01) in the merging of underlying diseases including cardiac disease, diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease, lung disease, malignant tumor, brain disease, viral hepatitis and autoimmune disease among each group. During the hospitalization period, a total of 74 cases (2.43%) died, including 46 cases of severe illness (63.01%), 19 cases of severe illness (26.03%), 7 cases of ordinary illness (9.60%), and 2 cases of mild illness (2.74%). The proportion of death patients aged≥70 years old was 75.68%(56/74), and all deaths were among those with underlying diseases. C-reactive protein(CRP) and albumin levels were independent risk factors for disease severity, and CRP was significantly positively correlated with disease severity(P=0.002), while albumin levels were significantly negatively correlated with disease severity (P < 0.001). CRP, systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) were independent risk factors for disease prognosis, and CRP(P=0.027) and SIRI(P=0.025) were significantly positively correlated with disease prognosis, while SII was significantly negatively correlated with disease prognosis (P=0.021). CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), D-dimer, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) had high diagnostic value for disease severity classification with the corresponding area under the aurve(AUC) > 7.0, while CRP, IL-6, procalcitonin (PCT), D-dimer, troponin T(TnT), troponin Ⅰ(TnⅠ), NLR, SII, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) had a high prognostic diagnostic value for death or survival with the corresponding AUC > 0.70. Conclusions There were significant differences in clinical characteristics among hospitalized patients infected with Omicron BA.5.2 variant strains with different disease severity. Combining CRP, IL-6, D-dimer, PCT, D-dimer, TnT, TnⅠ, NLR, SII, PLR, and MLR prediction models may enable early identification of high-risk populations among hospitalized patients infected with Omicron BA.5.2 variant strains, and provide timely diagnosis and treatment.

The Angle of Arrival (AOA) fluctuation caused by oceanic turbulence is the critical factor affecting the performance of underwater communication and imaging systems. Based on the general Oceanic Turbulence Optical Power Spectrum (OTOPS), this paper derives analytical solutions for the full interval of the Wave Structure Function (WSF) and the AOA fluctuation variance of the Gaussian beam using the Rytov approximation method applicable to weak turbulence conditions. The approximate solutions of the above physical quantities and the Spatial Coherence Radius (SCR) in the asymptotic intervals of large spacing (ρ≫η, where ρ denotes spacing andη denotes Kolmogorov microscale) and small spacing (ρ≪η) are also discussed. The numerical results show that the existing results have a large deviation around the Fresnel ratio Λ0=1 when ρ≫η. On the basis of this, the relationship between AOA fluctuation variance andρ/η is also analyzed. In the asymptotic interval ρ≪η, the AOA fluctuation variance is almost constant. When in the interval ρ≈η, the AOA fluctuation variance decreases sharply. When in the asymptotic interval ρ≫η, the decline of the AOA fluctuation variance becomes gradually flat. The results derived in this paper are more accurate and applicable to a wider range. These results will enable a better study of the propagation properties of Gaussian beams in weak oceanic turbulence.

Previous studies suggest that the senescence and death of the replaceable bud of the Chinese chestnut cultivar (cv.) “Tima Zhenzhu” involves programmed cell death (PCD). However, the molecular network regulating replaceable bud PCD is poorly characterized. Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling on the chestnut cv. “Tima Zhenzhu” replaceable bud before (S20), during (S25), and after (S30) PCD to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying the PCD process. A total of 5,779, 9,867, and 2,674 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered upon comparison of S20 vs S25, S20 vs S30, and S25 vs S30, respectively. Approximately 6,137 DEGs common to at least two comparisons were selected for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to interrogate the main corresponding biological functions and pathways. GO analysis showed that these common DEGs could be divided into three functional categories, including 15 cellular components, 14 molecular functions, and 19 biological processes. KEGG analysis found that “plant hormone signal transduction” included 93 DEGs. Overall, 441 DEGs were identified as related to the process of PCD. Most of these were found to be genes associated with ethylene signaling, as well as the initiation and execution of various PCD processes.

Synthetic biology is an emerging multidisciplinary field that aims to design and construct new biological systems not found in nature. Whereas synthetic biology may yield tremendous benefits, it may also pose substantial risks to human health and the environment that must be addressed. In this paper, we examined the environmental risks associated with synthetic biology, including changes to or depletion of the environment, competition with native species, horizontal gene transfer, pathogenicity or toxicity, bioterrorism, and laboratory biosecurity. We highlight three approaches for assessing environmental risks in synthetic biology: solution-focused risk assessment, Bayesian networks, and network of networks for sustainable capacity building. An ethical governance framework is proposed to facilitate innovation while minimising risks. This framework emphasises the precautionary principle and balancing stakeholder interests prior to project development and commercialisation. Overall, we underscore the importance and urgency of assessing and managing the environmental risks of synthetic biology to ensure its safe and ethical development and application.

Shortage of funds and inefficient financing have been the main problems faced by science and technology-based SMEs. Supply chain finance is aiding science and technology-based SMEs in obtaining financing opportunities and reducing the cost and difficulty of financing. This paper constructs a model for assessing financing efficiency with the help of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). And combined with the financing constraints commonly encountered by SMEs in the financing process, which affect the financing efficiency, it proposes a mediation effect model to analyze the influence of financing constraints. At the same time, the financing constraints faced by SMEs in science and technology are examined through an empirical model, and the mitigating effect of supply chain finance on financing constraints is analyzed through a model test. In the analysis of financing efficiency, the interest expense and pre-tax debt financing cost of DL science and technology-based companies are decreasing after supply chain finance financing. The interest expense is reduced by 2,009,200,200 in 2022 compared with 2019, and the pre-tax debt financing cost decreases to 6.12%. The proportion of supply chain financing in financing loans is more than 50%, the speed of capital turnover and financing efficiency have significantly improved, and the debt servicing capacity, operating capacity, and profitability have been improved.

【Objective】 Micro-spray irrigation is a common technology used for different purposes. The aim of this paper is to experimentally study how to improve spraying uniformity by optimizing the structure of the spray tapes. 【Method】 The two commercial spray tapes, N32 slant 3-hole (CK1) and N32 slant 5-hole (CK2) were used as references. We studied the improvement of the 30 m slant 3-hole combined with 10 m slant 5-hole micro spray tape (T31), as well as the 20 m slant 3-hole combined with 20 m slant 5-hole micro spray tape (T32), compared to the references. Each micro-spray tape was tested under four working pressures. 【Result】 With the increase in working pressure, water pressure in the tapes, single-hole flow rate, spraying distance, water distribution area all increased. With the increase in working pressure, these factors gradually decreased in the direction of the tube rectangle, though the decrease varied with spray tape. With the increases in working pressure, the spraying uniformity of CK1, T31 and T11 increased first and then decreased, while the uniformity of CK2 consistently increased. When working pressure was 0.035 MPa, the overall spray uniformity of T11 was 63.8%, the highest among all treatments. 【Conclusion】 Optimizing the structure of micro spray tape combined with adjusting working pressure can improve spray uniformity of the micro spray irrigation. Reducing the space between adjacent holes (i.e., to increase the number of holes) at the end of the tape can improve spraying uniformity. For the four micro-spray tapes we tested, each micro spray tape has an associated optimal working pressure, and correctly setting the working pressure is hence important to improve irrigation efficiency and uniformity.

Big Data Knowledge Engineering is the infrastructure of artificial intelligence, a common requirement faced by various industries and fields, and the inevitable path for the digitalization to intelligence. In this paper, we firstly elaborate on the background and connotation of big data knowledge engineering and propose a research framework of “data knowledgeization, knowledge systematization, and knowledge reasoning”. Secondly, we sort out the key technologies of knowledge acquisition and fusion, knowledge representation, and knowledge reasoning and introduce engineering applications in typical scenarios such as smart education, tax risk control, and smart healthcare. Thirdly, we summary the challenges faced by big data knowledge engineering and predict the future research directions including complex big data knowledge acquisition, knowledge+data hybrid learning, and brain-inspired knowledge coding and memorizing. Finally, several suggestions are given by the research: guiding interdisciplinary integration and establishing major and key R&D projects to promote the basic theory and technological breakthroughs of big data knowledge engineering; strengthening communication and cooperation between enterprises and research institutions as well as promoting cutting-edge research results to form application demonstrations, so as to establish an industry-standard system for big data knowledge engineering; exploring school-enterprise cooperation in line with market demands, orienting towards major application needs, and accelerating the landing application of big data knowledge engineering technology in the country's important industries.

【Objective】 Drought is a common stress faced by crops during their growth. Its impact on crop growth and ultimate yield depends on when droughts occur as well as their duration and severity. This paper is to investigate the impact of prolonged droughts on chlorophyll fluorescence, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize, and provide a guidance for enhancing drought resistance and ensuring stable yield of summer maize. 【Method】 Pot experiment was conducted at a site with mobile rain shed covering. Maize variety DHA757 was used as the model plant; the drought was artificially imposed at jointing-stage (B), tasseling stage (C), and filling stage (G), respectively, at normal (CK), light (1), medium (2), or heavy (3) level. There were nine treatments: two drought treatments with different severity occurring only at jointing-stage, three consecutive droughts occurring continuously across jointing and tasseling stages, three consecutive droughts occurring continuously across jointing, tasseling and filling stage, and one control (without drought). In each treatment, we measured water consumption, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of the crop. 【Result】 Continuous drought significantly reduced water consumption, SPAD, Fv/Fm, and Fv/Fo of the maize, compared to the control. The decrease in these parameters increased with drought severity. All drought treatments reduced the crop yield. For the single drought treatment at the jointing-stage, the yield reduction of B3 was most significant, followed by B2. For droughts lasting two stages and three stages, light droughts did not result in a significant reduction in yield, but other droughts reduced the yield significantly. Compared to CK, B2, B1+C1 and B2+C2 increased WUE by 5.1%, 2.8% and 6.3%, respectively, indicating that a light drought was beneficial to improving WUE. 【Conclusion】 Considering both yield and WUE, a medium drought at the jointing stage (with soil water content dropping to 50%~60% of the field capacity), and a prolonged drought lasting two stages with the soil water content in the range of 60%~70% of the field capacity are suitable for reducing water evaporation without considerably compromising the yield. Our results provide guidance to help sustain summer maize production in regions susceptible to drought.

This article summarized the mechanical ventilation and nursing management for a case of severe asthma complicated with intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. The mechanical ventilation was adopted to relieve the symptoms of dyspnea. Comprehensive interventions including vital signs monitoring, noninvasive ventilation nursing, basic nursing, nutrition support, psychological care were carried out to reduce the complication during treatment and improve the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例重症哮喘合并内源性呼气末正压患者机械通气救治和护理经验。机械通气能有效改善患者呼吸困难的症状, 同时配合病情观察、无创通气护理、基础护理、营养支持以及心理干预等优质护理措施, 积极预防并发症, 促进患者早日康复。)

Innovating coal development and utilization technology to reduce carbon emissions during the whole life cycle of coal from production to utilization is a coal-based clean energy route that meets the characteristics of China's energy endowments. Underground gasification is one of the potential methods of deep coal in-situ mining, coupled with CCS/CCUS (Carbon Capture and Storage/Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage) deep coal underground gasification hydrogen production technology route can not only utilize the rich deep coal resources, but also is expected to become an ideal of coal-based low-cost hydrogen production route. Based on the world's only kilometer-level deep coal underground gasification test data, combined with Aspen Plus process simulation, the carbon emission accounting and carbon emission reduction potential analysis of deep coal underground gasification hydrogen production were carried out. Compared with the commercial ground Lurgi fixed bed pressurized gasification hydrogen production route, the life cycle assessment method is used to establish the whole life cycle carbon emission calculation model of the two processes, compared the life cycle carbon emissions of the two hydrogen production routes.The CCS/CCUS path and carbon emission reduction potential of the underground gasification of deep coal are further evaluated.The results show that the carbon emissions during the life cycle of underground gasification of deep coal and ground gasification of Lurgi coal are 3.29×109 t CO2-eq and 3.93×106 t CO2-eq in the case of hydrogen production capacity of 1.2 billion Nm3/a, respectively, and the carbon dioxide directly emitted into the atmosphere in the form of exhaust gas is 2.09×106 t and 2.24×106 t, respectively. The main carbon emitters in the hydrogen production phase are exhaust gases, including exhaust gases from acid gas removal units and flue gases from methane reforming units. The high methane content characteristics brought about by the underground gasification process of deep coal lead to the CO2 emissions contributed by the flue gas of the methane reforming unit to 8.84 kg when producing 1 kg of hydrogen.In terms of indirect emissions, deep coal underground gasification directly uses liquid water as a gasifier without consuming external steam, so the carbon emissions caused by steam consumption are lower than that of ground gasification. The upstream of Lurgi coal surface gasification includes the coal mining and processing and coal transportation stages, and although the carbon emissions in these two phases are only 6.7%, but still bring 2.63×105 t CO2-eq. If the deep coal underground gasification cavity is used for CO2 geological storage under the premise of geological safety risk assessment, the storage capacity can reach 61.8% of the total carbon emissions, and if the urea device is supported by 470,000 tons / year, the remaining CO2 can be effectively used,to form a near-zero emission deep coal underground gasification hydrogen production and urea co-production technical route. The research results provide a scientific basis for quantitative evaluation of carbon emissions for hydrogen production from deep coal underground gasification.

Hypercrosslinked polymers(HCPs) were prepared by cashew nut shell liquid(CNSL), an agricultural by-product, as a raw material, using external cross-linker method and solvent cross-linker method, and named F-HCP and C-HCP, respectively. The adsorption properties of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) on F-HCP and C-HCP were investigated. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), N2 adsorption and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The adsorption properties of six kinds of VOCs on F-HCP and C-HCP were investigated by static adsorption method. The o-xylene was used as a typical VOC for dynamic adsorption, and the influence of inlet concentration on adsorption was investigated. The results show that F-HCP has higher static adsorption performance than C-HCP, and the static adsorption capacities of o-xylene, toluene, cyclohexane, n-hexane, methyl ethyl ketone, and acetone on F-HCP are 930, 801, 300, 214, 203 mg·g-1and 164 mg·g-1, respectively. At the inlet concentration of 2171 mg·m-3 for o-xylene, the dynamic adsorption capacity of F-HCP and C-HCP for o-xylene is 149 mg·g-1 and 146 mg·g-1, respectively. The equilibrium adsorption capacity increases with the increase of the inlet gas concentration. The cyclic regeneration adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption capacity of C-HCP after five cycles of adsorption is 93.9% of the first adsorption capacity.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effective method of high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaging for fresh cutting Aralia elata Seem. Methods: In order to explore the effects of high oxygen regulated packaging treatment on the sensory quality and physiological changes of fresh cutting A. elata, different combinations of high oxygen regulated packaging with carbon dioxide were carried out. Results: The results showed that 90% high-oxygen conditioning package treatment significantly reduced the changes of respiratory strength, hardness and color, inhibited the consumption of total sugar and total phenol, reduced the activities of enzyme browning related enzymes POD and PPO and MDA accumulation, and protected the dynamic balance of cell membrane system. Conclusion: 90% high oxygen combined with 10% carbon dioxide has the best effect, which can prolong the preservation period of fresh cutting and prickling buds.

This paper summarized the clinical treatment and nursing measures of incontinence associated dermatitis complicated with fungal infection in a critically ill patient. Targeted plan of catheter maintenance and skin care was made based on the assessment of patient conditions. The Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse stains method was used to relieve the pain and inflammation, and accelerate the wound healing. (本文总结 1 例危重症患者失禁性皮炎合并真菌感染的临床治疗及护理措施。根据患者个体情况, 制定针对性的管路护理和皮肤护理措施, 同时基于中医理论指导, 运用中药塌渍法缓解疼痛、促进炎症吸收, 加快皮肤创面愈合。)

Branches covering (BC) is a way to reuse the pruned branches and save the cost of ground cloth. This study investigated the effects of BC and ground-cloth covering on the soil microcosm environment by measuring the chemical properties and microbial communities at different soil depths for 6 years. The results revealed that BC significantly improved soil chemical properties, increased the abundance of bacterial microbial communities and the diversity and homogeneity of bacteria and fungi, while decreased the abundance of fungal microbial communities. There was a threshold value for the regulation of microbial communities by BC, which decreased the high-abundance communities (Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, etc.) and increased the low-abundance communities (Acidobacteriota, Basidiomycota, etc.). Fungi were more sensitive to BC than bacteria. The stability and homogeneity of microorganisms were stronger in the 15–25 cm soil layer. The bacterial phyla were dominated by Proteobacteria, with the top 10 phyla accounting for more than 80% of the relative abundance; the genera were dominated by MND1, with the top 10 genera accounting for about 10%. The fungal phyla were dominated by Ascomycota, with the top 10 phyla accounting for 50–90%; the genera were dominated by unidentified Pyronemataceae sp., with the top 10 genera accounting for 30–60%. The phyla that differed significantly between treatments were mainly Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, Acidobacteriota, and Basidiomycota. In addition, metabolism was the predominant function in bacteria, while Saprotroph was the predominant function in fungi. Bacteroidota correlated strongly with soil chemical properties and bacterial functions, while Chytridiomycota correlated strongly with soil chemical properties and Pathogen-Saprotroph-Symbiotroph. In conclusion, BC can improve soil nutrient content and optimize microbial community structure and function. Through initially assessing the effects of BC on soil nutrients and microorganisms in pear orchard rows, this study provides a reference for excavating key microorganisms and updating the soil row management model.

C26H41NO8, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 8.24370(10) Å, b = 13.1867(2) Å, c = 22.8490(4) Å, V = 2483.85(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0357, wRref (F 2) = 0.0975, T = 169.99(10) K.

Primary hepatic carcinoma is a common malignant tumor. The classic molecular targeted drug sorafenib is costly and is only effective for some patients. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to search for new molecular targeted drugs. Eupalinolide B (EB) from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. is used to treat chronic tracheitis in clinical practice. However, the role of EB in hepatic carcinoma is unknown. In this study, we first measure the effect of EB on tumor growth in a xenograft model and PDX model. The cell proliferation and migration are also detected in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (SMMC-7721 and HCCLM3). Then, we investigate cell cycle, cell apoptosis, cell necrosis, cell autophagy, and ferroptosis by flow cytometry, western blot analysis and electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that EB exerts anti-proliferative activity in hepatic carcinoma by blocking cell cycle arrest at S phase and inducing ferroptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as well as HO-1 activation. When HO-1 is inhibited, EB-induced cell death and ER protein expression are rescued. The migration-related mechanism consists of activation of the ROS-ER-JNK signaling pathway and is not connected to ferroptosis. In summary, we first discover that EB inhibits cell proliferation and migration in hepatic carcinoma, and thus EB is a promising anti-tumor compound that can be used for hepatic carcinoma.

This paper summarized the nursing management of pressure ulcers in a patient with diabetes and Alzheimer‘s disease. In addition to routine care for pressure ulcers, efforts were made to enhance the skin hygiene and wound care. The patient was asked to take exercise under the guidance, and health education was carried out to improve knowledge and awareness of preventing pressure ulcers. Comprehensive interventions including regular exercise, shortening bedridden time and enhancing the skin management are effective to improve the wound healing of the patient with diabetes and Alzheimer‘s disease. (总结1例糖尿病合并阿尔茨海默症患者的压疮护理措施。在完善常规压疮护理的基础上, 护理人员加强受压部位皮肤清洁和伤口护理, 嘱患者规律运动, 同时开展健康宣教, 增加患者及其家属压疮预防相关知识。针对阿尔茨海默症合并糖尿病的压疮患者, 规律运动、减少卧床以及重视皮肤护理对促进压疮创面愈合具有积极意义。)

This paper summarized the treatment effect of warm acupuncture combined with scraping therapy in relief of symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and related nursing measures. A special scraping device was used to wipe smoothly along the meridians such as Liver Channel of Foot Jueyin, Kidney Channel of Foot Shaoyin, Spleen Channel of Foot Taiyang and Stomach Channel of Foot Yangming. The warm acupuncture was carried out on Zusanli, Diji, Sanyinjiao and Yongquan acupoints after scraping therapy. The cold and numbness symptoms of lower extremity and foot were relieved after implementation of warm acupuncture combined with scraping therapy. (本文总结1例运用温灸刮痧缓解糖尿病周围神经病变患者下肢和足部发凉、发麻症状的护理经验。运用温灸刮痧器的杯沿刮拭足厥阴肝经、足少阴肾经、足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经下肢巡行部位, 之后用温灸器在足三里、地机穴、三阴交及涌泉穴施灸。治疗后, 患者下肢和足部发凉、发麻症状缓解。)

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of Yunaconitine poisoning by studying the changes of urine metabolic profile in rats chronically poisoned by Yunaconitine via non-targeted metabolomics.MethodsA rat model of Yunaconitine poisoning was established, and a metabolomics method based on UPLC-QTOF-MS technology was used to obtain the urine metabolic profile. Principal component analysis （PCA）, orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）, variable importance in projection （VIP） value greater than 1, fold change （FC） value greater than 3 or less than 0.33 and P value less than 0.05 were used to screen potential biomarkers related to the toxicity of Yunaconitine. The metabolic pathway analysis was performed through the MetaboAnalyst website and pathological changes of related tissues were observed.ResultsSixteen potential biomarkers including L-isoleucine were screened, which mainly involved six metabolic pathways including the biosynthesis and degradation of valine, leucine and isoleucine, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and propanoate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, tyrosine metabolism. Pathological studies showed that rat toxic change in nervous system, liver and cardiac caused by Yunaconitine.ConclusionYunaconitine may cause neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity by affecting amino acid and glucose metabolism.

This paper reviewed nursing management for a patient with erysipelas infection leads to sepsis combined with multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. A comprehensive treatment including anti-infective therapy, diuretic treatment, cardiac medication and circulation function treatment and related nursing management was carried out. Targeted nursing strategies including non-invasive ventilation nursing, medication care and fluid-management, fever nursing, catheter maintenance, skin care were carried out to ensure the therapeutic efficacy and symptom relieving. (本文总结1例丹毒感染致脓毒症合并多功能脏器衰竭患者的护理措施, 在给予抗感染、利尿、强心、维持循环功能治疗的同时还要加强护理, 从无创通气护理、用药监护及液体管理、发热护理、管路护理、皮肤护理等方面给予以针对性护理干预, 确保有效改善患者症状。)

Objective To investigate methods for predicting uric acid stones with conventional CT by measuring the CT value of stones, mean diameter size, density of stones, stone to kidney CT value ratio, and body width. Methods Patients underwent conventional CT scanning and were diagnosed postoperatively before uric acid stones and non-uric acid stones were detected by dual-energy CT.A total of 50 patients with uric acid stones and 60 patients with non-uric acid stones were enrolled, and after stones were detected by conventional CT scan, uric acid stones and non-uric acid stones were distinguished by dual-energy CT. The selected stones were ＞ 7 mm in long diameter. Data acquisition was performed on enrolled patients by a radiologist blinded to stone composition. The predictive value of each index was evaluated by independent sample t test, chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results There was great value in distinguishing uric acid stones from non-uric acid stones in stone CT value (P＜0.01), significant statistical difference in uniform stones or not and in size (P＜ 0.05). The CT scan showed a high predictive value for the diagnosis of uric acid stones, with AUC=0.948, sensitivity as 94%,and specificity as 85%.According to the ROC curve, the CT scaning value of 730 HU was adopted as the threshold for the diagnosis of uric acid stones, with a positive predictive value of 83.9%, a negative predictive value of 94.4%, and an accuracy of 80.1%. The size of the stone also had a predictive value, AUC=0.63, sensitivity 36%, and specificity 88.3%, and the mean diameter of the stone greater than 18.05 mm was defined as a diagnosis standard of uric acid stones according to the ROC curve, which had a positive predictive value of 72%, a negative predictive value of 62.4%, and an accuracy of 64.5%. Using a stone CT value of 730 HU as the threshold combined with a uniform stone density to predict uric acid stones, its specificity was 100% and the positive predictive value was 100%. Conclusions Conventional CT is of high value in differentiating uric acid calculi from non-uric acid calculi by measuring the mean diameter size and density of calculi. When evaluate CT result with or without homogenous stone density as the diagnostic criteria, the specificity and positive predictive value of diagnosing uric acid calculi are significantly higher.

Thyroid nodules, also known as goiter in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is a common disease affecting the endocrine system. This paper reviewed the clinical data of a patient with benign thyroid nodules of Qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction type. Related nursing measures were summarized form the perspectives of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation, efficacy of Traditional Chinese medicine prescription, key acupoints and routine nursing intervention. Based on the TCM theory, acupoint application is effective and safe in clinical symptoms relief of the patient with benign thyroid nodules of Qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction type. (甲状腺结节属于中医“瘿病”范畴, 是内分泌系统常见疾病。本文回顾1例穴位贴敷治疗气郁痰阻型甲状腺良性结节患者的护理体会, 本文从中医辨证、穴位贴敷药方功效、穴位作用、常规护理等方面进行了总结。基于中医理论指导, 运用穴位贴敷治疗甲状腺良性结节临床效果良好, 无明显不良反应, 值得临床参考借鉴。)

When the tunnel passes through the slope area, once the slope stability changes or landslide disasters occur, large additional stress, deformation, or cracking are easily caused in the tunnel, which results in high risk to the tunnel operation. The deformation and failure mode of the tunnel induced by different types of tunnel-related landslides are different. However, there is no systematic classification of tunnel structure deformation and the failure mode in the tunnel-related landslides systems. By investigating the typical cases of tunnel diseases caused by landslide in China, this study analyzes the relationship between the tunnel-related landslide types and tunnel disease characteristics. It also summarizes five typical tunnel deformation failure modes and corresponding deformation characteristics and determines the relationship between tunnel-related landslide types and deformation failure modes. This study can provide a technical support for the identification of landslide types through the tunnel deformation characteristics in practical engineering applications. Finally, it provides a reference for tunnel location selection, the design of tunnel structure, and the treatment of landslide in landslide areas.