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The burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) varies substantially across different geographical locations. However, there was no further quantitative analysis of regional social development and the disease burden of CRC. In addition, the incidence of early- and late-onset CRC has increased rapidly in developed and developing regions. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the trends in CRC burden across different regions, in addition to the epidemiological differences between early and late-onset CRC and their risk factors. In this study, estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was employed to quantify trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life-years. Restricted cubic spline models were fitted to quantitatively analyze the relationship between trends in ASIR and Human Development Index (HDI). In addition, the epidemiological characteristics of early- and late-onset CRC were investigated using analyses stratified by age groups and regions. Specifically, meat consumption and antibiotic use were included to explore the differences in the risk factors for early- and late-onset CRC. The quantitative analysis showed that the ASIR of CRC was exponentially and positively correlated with the 2019 HDI in different regions. In addition, the growing trend of ASIR in recent years varied substantially across HDI regions. Specifically, the ASIR of CRC showed a significant increase in developing countries, while it remained stable or decreased in developed countries. Moreover, a linear correlation was found between the ASIR of CRC and meat consumption in different regions, especially in developing countries. Furthermore, a similar correlation was found between the ASIR and antibiotic use in all age groups, with different correlation coefficients for early-onset and late-onset CRC. It is worth mentioning that the early onset of CRC could be attributable to the unrestrained use of antibiotics among young people in developed countries. In summary, for better prevention and control of CRC, governments should pay attention to advocate self-testing and hospital visits among all age groups, especially among young people at high risk of CRC, and strictly control meat consumption and the usage of antibiotics.

Patient: Female, 70-year-old Final Diagnosis: Chemical burn in the oral cavity Symptoms: Heightened salivation * intense burning sensation * oral edema Clinical Procedure: -- Specialty: Dentistry Objective: Rare disease Background: Chemical burns in the oral cavity, although rare, cause more severe tissue damage than thermal burns, continuing tissue destruction even after removing the causative substance. Prompt identification of the substance, exposure extent, time from injury to treatment, and the injured area are imperative for effective management. This report details severe oral burns in an elderly woman from accidental NaOH ingestion. Case Report: A 70-year-old female patient was presented to our hospital approximately 15 h after inadvertent consumption of approximately 20 ml of NaOH (sodium hydroxide) solution. This incident led to oral discomfort and restricted mouth opening. The ingested solution, erroneously assumed to be a beverage, was later identified as a potent alkaline substance typically employed in grease removal. Initial manifestations included intense burning sensation, oral edema, and heightened salivation, which exacerbated on the following day, adversely impacting her alimentation and verbal communication. Clinical examination disclosed extensive damage to the oral mucosa. The diagnosis encompassed a chemical burn in the oral cavity coupled with chronic gastritis. The treatment regimen comprised dietary limitations, administration of famotidine for gastric acid suppression, intravenous hydration, nutritional support, oral care with Kangfuxin liquid, and nebulization therapy. Six months after therapy, she exhibited complete recovery, with the absence of discomfort and restored normal oral functions. Conclusions: Timely and targeted treatment strategies, particularly nebulization medication and Kangfuxin liquid, are effective in managing chemical burns in the oral cavity, promoting wound healing, and preventing complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) varies substantially across different geographical locations. However, there was no further quantitative analysis of regional social development and the disease burden of CRC. In addition, the incidence of early- and late-onset CRC has increased rapidly in developed and developing regions. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the trends in CRC burden across different regions, in addition to the epidemiological differences between early and late-onset CRC and their risk factors. In this study, estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was employed to quantify trends in agestandardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate, and disability-adjusted lifeyears. Restricted cubic spline models were fitted to quantitatively analyze the relationship between trends in ASIR and Human Development Index (HDI). In addition, the epidemiological characteristics of early- and late-onset CRC were investigated using analyses stratified by age groups and regions. Specifically, meat consumption and antibiotic use were included to explore the differences in the risk factors for early- and late-onset CRC. The quantitative analysis showed that the ASIR of CRC was exponentially and positively correlated with the 2019 HDI in different regions. In addition, the growing trend of ASIR in recent years varied substantially across HDI regions. Specifically, the ASIR of CRC showed a significant increase in developing countries, while it remained stable or decreased in developed countries. Moreover, a linear correlation was found between the ASIR of CRC and meat consumption in different regions, especially in developing countries. Furthermore, a similar correlation was found between the ASIR and antibiotic use in all age groups, with different correlation coefficients for earlyonset and late-onset CRC. It is worth mentioning that the early onset of CRC could be attributable to the unrestrained use of antibiotics among young people in developed countries. In summary, for better prevention and control of CRC, governments should pay attention to advocate self-testing and hospital visits among all age groups, especially among young people at high risk of CRC, and strictly control meat consumption and the usage of antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tc-TBI myocardial perfusion imaging has been studied in 7 normal subjects and 24 patients with coronary artery disease. Scintigraphic data revealed that Tc-TBI myocardial perfusion imaging is more sensitive than ECG in detecting myocardial infarction. In comparing Tc-TBI imaging with contrast angiography, its' sensitivity for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease was 91.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title compound, two aromatic rings are almost perpendicular to each other with a dihedral angle of 72.4 (1)°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several spirocyclic piperidine derivatives were designed and synthesized as σ 1 receptor ligands. In vitro competition binding assays showed that the fluoroalkoxy analogues with small substituents possessed high affinity towards σ 1 receptors and subtype selectivity. Particularly for ligand 1′-((6-(2-fluoroethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3 H -spiro[2-benzofuran-1,4′-piperidine] ( 2 ), high σ 1 receptor affinity ( K i = 2.30 nM) and high σ 1 /σ 2 subtype selectivity (142-fold) as well as high σ 1 /VAChT selectivity (234-fold) were observed. [ 18 F] 2 was synthesized using an efficient one-pot, two-step reaction method in a home-made automated synthesis module, with an overall isolated radiochemical yield of 8–10%, a radiochemical purity of higher than 99%, and specific activity of 56–78 GBq/μmol. Biodistribution studies of [ 18 F] 2 in ICR mice indicated high initial brain uptake and a relatively fast washout. Administration of haloperidol, compound 1 and different concentrations of SA4503 (3, 5, or 10 μmol/kg) 5 min prior to injection of [ 18 F] 2 significantly decreased the accumulation of radiotracer in organs known to contain σ 1 receptors. Ex vivo autoradiography in Sprague–Dawley rats demonstrated high accumulation of radiotracer in brain areas with high expression of σ 1 receptors. These encouraging results prove that [ 18 F] 2 is a suitable candidate for σ 1 receptor imaging with PET in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We report the synthesis and evaluation of a series of fluoro-oligo-ethoxylated 4-benzylpiperazine derivatives as potential σ 1 receptor ligands. In vitro competition binding assays showed that 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-4-(4-(2-fluoroethoxy)benzyl)piperazine (6) exhibits low nanomolar affinity for σ 1 receptors (K i =1.85±1.59nM) and high subtype selectivity (σ 2 receptor: K i =291±111nM; K i σ 2/K i σ 1 =157). [18F]6 was prepared in 30–50% isolated radiochemical yield, with radiochemical purity of >99% by HPLC analysis after purification, via nucleophilic 18F− substitution of the corresponding tosylate precursor. The log D pH 7.4 value of [18F]6 was found to be 2.57±0.10, which is within the range expected to give high brain uptake. Biodistribution studies in mice demonstrated relatively high concentration of radiotracers in organs known to contain σ 1 receptors, including the brain, lungs, kidneys, heart, and spleen. Administration of haloperidol 5min prior to injection of [18F]6 significantly reduced the concentration of radiotracers in the above-mentioned organs. The accumulation of radiotracers in the bone was quite low suggesting that [18F]6 is relatively stable to in vivo defluorination. The ex vivo autoradiography in rat brain showed high accumulation of radiotracers in the brain areas known to possess high expression of σ 1 receptors. These findings suggest that [18F]6 is a suitable radiotracer for imaging σ 1 receptors with PET in vivo. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel 99mTc 4-(4-cyclohexylpiperazine-1-yl)-butan-1-one-1-cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl technetium ([99mTc]5) as a potential SPECT tracer for imaging of σ2 receptors in tumors. [99mTc]5 was prepared in 25±5% isolated radiochemical yield with radiochemical purity of >99% via double-ligand transfer (DLT) reaction from the ferrocene precursor 2b (4-(4-cyclohexylpiperazine-1-yl)-1-ferrocenylbutan-1-one). The corresponding Re-complex 4 and the ferrocenyl complex 2b showed relatively high affinity towards σ2 receptors in in vitro competition binding assay (K i values of 4 and 2b were 64.4±18.5nM and 43.6±21.3nM, respectively) and moderate to high selectivity versus σ1 receptors (K iσ1/K iσ2 ratios were 12.5 and 95.5, respectively). The log D value of [99mTc]5 was determined to be 2.52±0.33. Biodistribution studies in mice revealed comparably high initial brain uptake of [99mTc]5 and slow washout. Administration of haloperidol 5min prior to injection of [99mTc]5 significantly reduced the radiotracer uptake in brain, heart, lung, and spleen by 40–50% at 2h p.i.. Moreover, [99mTc]5 showed high uptake in C6 glioma cell lines (8.6%) after incubation for 1h. Blocking with haloperidol to compete with [99mTc]5 significantly reduced the cell uptake. Preliminary blocking study in C6-brain-tumor bearing rats showed that [99mTc]5 binds to σ receptors in the brain-tumor specifically. These results are encouraging for further exploration of 99mTc-labeled probes for σ2 receptor tumor imaging in vivo. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the title compound, C16H16N2OS, the benzothia­zole ring system makes a dihedral angle of 8.64 (5)° with the dimethyl­amino­phenyl group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction of human serum albumin and folic acid was studied using fluorescence spectroscopy, UV absorption and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy in the pH 7.4 Tris-HCl buffer system at different temperatures. The research shows that these interactions result in the endogenous fluorescence quenching of HSA, which belongs to a static quenching mechanism. The quenching rate constants, the binding constants and the binding sites of the static quenching were calculated. The distance between the body (HSA) and receptor (folic acid) and the efficiency of energy transfer were obtained to be 1.77 nm and 0. 052 65 respectively, based on the theory of Forster nonradiative energy transfer. And according to the thermodynamic parameters calculated the binding of HSA and folic acid is mainly attributed to the hydrophobic interaction, partly static force. Further more the synchronous fluorescence spectrum was utilized to investigate the conformational transformation; The decline result of the hydrophobic nature around Trp demonstrates that the folic acid is in the hydrophobic cavity of HSA.

Seven salicylaldehyde-amino acid Schiff bases in water were investigated by means of electronic spectra, which is helpful to investigate the label of radionuclides with the seven ligands in water for radiopharmaceutical study. Except 10(-5) mol x L(-1) for Sal-tyr, the minimum concentration of formation is 10(-4) mol x L(-1) for all other Sal-aas. Only Sal-his is generated at pH 9-10, while the minimum pH conditions for formation are 8 for Sal-gly and Sal-tyr, and 9 for other four. All Sal-aa but Sal-cys, whose concentration at 36 h is higher than that of newly produced one, decompose gradually since generation, with existing time of 24 h for Sal-gly and Sal-glu, and 48 h for other four.