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27. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as a functional food: Is it beneficial or not?

Author

Badawy, Sara, Liu, Yanan, Guo, Mingyue, Liu, Zhenli, Xie, Changqing, Marawan, A. Marawan, Ares Lombán, Irma, López Torres, Bernardo, Martínez Caballero, Marta, Maximiliano Guerra, Jorge Enrique, Martínez Larrañaga, María Rosa, Wang, Xu, Anadón Navarro, Arturo Ramón, Martínez Caballero, María Aranzazu, Badawy, Sara, Liu, Yanan, Guo, Mingyue, Liu, Zhenli, Xie, Changqing, Marawan, A. Marawan, Ares Lombán, Irma, López Torres, Bernardo, Martínez Caballero, Marta, Maximiliano Guerra, Jorge Enrique, Martínez Larrañaga, María Rosa, Wang, Xu, Anadón Navarro, Arturo Ramón, and Martínez Caballero, María Aranzazu

Abstract

All authors contributed in performing data curation, investigation, validation, and writing original draft. Xu Wang, Arturo Anadon and María-Aranzazu Martínez were responsible for critically reading the manuscript, revision the original draft, review and editing. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript., Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has attracted great attention in recent years as a popular class of functional food that is broadly used. It refers to a group of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid (LA) with a conjugated double bond. The main natural sources of CLA are dairy products, beef and lamb, whereas only trace amounts occur naturally in plant lipids. CLA has been shown to improve various health issues, having effects on obesity, inflammatory, anti-carcinogenicity, atherogenicity, immunomodulation, and osteosynthesis. Also, compared to studies on humans, many animal researches reveal more positive benefits on health. CLA represents a nutritional avenue to improve lifestyle diseases and metabolic syndrome. Most of these effects are attributed to the two major CLA isomers [conjugated linoleic acid cis-9,trans-11 isomer (c9,t11), and conjugated linoleic acid trans-10,cis-12 isomer (t10,c12)], and their mixture (CLA mix). In contrast, adverse effects of CLA have been also reported, such as glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and induction of colon carcinogenesis in humans, as well as milk fat inhibition in ruminants, lowering chicken productivity, influencing egg quality and altering growth performance in fish. This review article aims to discuss the health benefits of CLA as a nutraceutical supplement and highlight the possible mechanisms of action that may contribute to its outcome. It also outlines the feasible adverse effects of CLA besides summarizing the recent peer-reviewed publications on CLA to ensure its efficacy and safety for proper application in humans., Depto. de Farmacología y Toxicología, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Published
2024

29. Tribological characteristics of WC-Cr3C2-Ni cermet coatings under different wear parameters.

Author

Zhang, Diyao, Peng, Zijun, Liu, Zhenli, Yu, Jingkun, and Yuan, Lei

Subjects
TRIBOLOGY, ADHESIVE wear, METAL spraying, SLIDING wear, CERAMIC metals, HARD materials, SURFACE coatings, FRICTION losses, SUBSTRATES (Materials science)
Abstract

The wear-resistant cermet coating of WC-Cr3C2-Ni was deposited via high-velocity air–fuel spraying on the beryllium bronze substrate. The wear characteristics of the coatings were investigated under different types and parameters of wear while comparing the effects of various factors on measurement accuracy and visibility. The friction coefficient of the WC-Cr3C2-Ni coating exhibited a lower value in the reciprocating wear experiment compared to that observed in the sliding wear experiment. The mass loss and friction coefficient of the coating increased with the rise in sliding speed and normal load in sliding wear. The wear of the coating is primarily attributed to adhesive wear, with a relatively lower proportion observed in reciprocating wear compared to sliding wear. The proportion of adhesive wear decreased with increasing speed, while it increased with increasing normal load. Moreover, the sensitivity of adhesive wear to normal load surpassed that of sliding speed. The experimental results showed that the tribological properties of WC-Cr3C2-Ni coating can be well demonstrated by both the reciprocating wear test and sliding wear test when the wear parameters of low load and high speed were used. This study will offer theoretical backing for the selection and assessment of polyphase hard coating materials across diverse industries. high-velocity air–fuel (HVAF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Intelligent Power Controller of Wireless Body Area Networks Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Author

He, Peng, Liu, Zhenli, Fu, Lei, Tao, Zhongyuan, Liu, Jia, Tang, Tong, Li, Zhidu, Akan, Ozgur, Editorial Board Member, Bellavista, Paolo, Editorial Board Member, Cao, Jiannong, Editorial Board Member, Coulson, Geoffrey, Editorial Board Member, Dressler, Falko, Editorial Board Member, Ferrari, Domenico, Editorial Board Member, Gerla, Mario, Editorial Board Member, Kobayashi, Hisashi, Editorial Board Member, Palazzo, Sergio, Editorial Board Member, Sahni, Sartaj, Editorial Board Member, Shen, Xuemin (Sherman), Editorial Board Member, Stan, Mircea, Editorial Board Member, Jia, Xiaohua, Editorial Board Member, Zomaya, Albert Y., Editorial Board Member, Chen, Yifan, editor, Nakano, Tadashi, editor, Lin, Lin, editor, Mahfuz, Mohammad Upal, editor, and Guo, Weisi, editor

Published
2020
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41. Study on the Effect of Binders on the Properties of Mullite Porous Ceramics for Flue Gas Filtration

Author

Liu Zhenli, Yan Xinhua, Yuan Lei, and Yu Jingkun

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Fused mullite particles are used to prepare mullite porous ceramics by gel-casting method, using polysilicon waste and ρ-Al2O3 powder as the binder, and starch as the pore forming agent. The content of the pore forming agent was 20%, and the ratio of the mass of fused mullite particles to the mass of the binder was 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, and 6:4, respectively. The effects of binder content on the properties of mullite ceramics in terms of phase composition, microstructure, apparent porosity, compressive strength, bulk density, pore size distribution, and filtration pressure drop were investigated. It was found that prepared porous mullite possessed relatively high apparent porosity (56.64-58.19%), and low bulk density (1.28-1.31g/cm3). With increasing binder content, the sintering shrinkage rate increased from 2.07 to 5.92%, the compressive strength increased from 1.01MPa to 6.08MPa. Therefore, the preparation of mullite ceramics was a near net size preparation, and the prepared porous ceramics meet the requirements of flue gas filtration.

Published
2023
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