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Objective: To update the meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of oral appliance (OA) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Ovid, EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Science Source, The Cochrane Library, and Embase database were searched for RCTs until 23 May 2017. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Sixteen RCTs were included. Compared with OA, CPAP significantly decreased AHI, min SaO2, ARI, ESS (p < 0.05), with no significant difference in REM%, FOSQ, BP (p ≥ 0.05). OA significantly improved REM% in the severe groups and ESS in the adjustable OA group (p < 0.05). OA shared greater preference. Conclusion: Even though CPAP can better decrease the severity of OSA, more patients opted for OA, which showed better results in severe patients, especially adjustable OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secondary resistance is a major limitation in the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment of lung cancer. Previous studies have shown that expression of the long non‑coding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is upregulated in lung cancer, which is correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis. However, the precise role of HOTAIR and its effects on gefitinib resistance in human lung adenocarcinoma are not known. To address this issue, in the present study we established a gefitinib‑resistant (R)PC‑9 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and examined cell viability with the 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑5‑(3‑carboxymethoxyphenyl)‑2‑ (4‑sulfophenyl)‑2H‑tetrazolium assay. We found that gefitinib concentrations <10 μM inhibited the viability of PC‑9 but not RPC‑9 cells in a dose‑dependent manner. Lentivirus‑mediated HOTAIR RNA interference induced cell apoptosis and S‑phase arrest, as determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTP nick end labeling and flow cytometry. Consistent with these observations, HOTAIR suppression was associated with tumor shrinkage and restoration of gefitinib sensitivity in RPC‑9 xenograft mice. Immunohistochemical analyses and western blot revealed that HOTAIR silencing resulted in the upregulation of B cell lymphoma 2‑associated X protein (Bax), Caspase‑3 and transforming growth factor α (TGF‑α) and downregulation of EGFR and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) levels. These results indicate that HOTAIR normally prevents the activation of Bax/Caspase‑3 while inducing TGF‑α/EGFR signaling. Thus, targeting HOTAIR may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating gefitinib‑resistant lung adenocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heme oxygenase 1 ( HMOX1) plays an important role in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD). However, the association of HMOX1 length polymorphism in promoter region to the risk and severity of COPD has not been well studied. In this study, we searched the databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure ( CNKI) and extracted the information from related articles. Pooled odds ratios ( ORs) and 95% confidence intervals ( CIs) were calculated to study the effect of HMOX1 polymorphism on the risk and severity of COPD. As a result, nine studies were included for this meta-analysis. Higher frequencies of L allele and type I genotype (containing at least one L allele) were found in patients with COPD (for L allele, OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.32-3.11, P = 0.001; for type I genotype, OR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.28-2.61, P = 0.001), especially in Asian population (for L allele, OR 2.23, 95% CI: 1.68-2.95, P < 0.001; for type I genotype, OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.51-2.70, P < 0.001). Genotyping method, source of control subjects, literature quality and language also affected the results to some extent. However, there was little difference in HMOX1 genotypes distribution in patients with COPD with different severity. Our study indicated L allele and type I genotype were related to the susceptibility but not the severity of COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To update the meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of oral appliance (OA) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Ovid, EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Science Source, The Cochrane Library, and Embase database were searched for RCTs until 23 May 2017. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Sixteen RCTs were included. Compared with OA, CPAP significantly decreased AHI, min SaO2, ARI, ESS ( p  < 0.05), with no significant difference in REM%, FOSQ, BP ( p  ≥ 0.05). OA significantly improved REM% in the severe groups and ESS in the adjustable OA group ( p  < 0.05). OA shared greater preference. Conclusion: Even though CPAP can better decrease the severity of OSA, more patients opted for OA, which showed better results in severe patients, especially adjustable OA.