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Electromagnetic (EM) pollution has become the fourth largest pollution after air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Using of EM absorbing materials is an effective way to solve electromagnetic pollution problem, due to their absorption and attenuation characteristics. Polyaniline (PANI), as a kind of resistance loss absorbing material, can meet the development concept of "thin thickness" and "light mass" of absorbing materials. However, its absorbing performance is not ideal due to its poor impedance matching, ferrite, as a kind of traditional magnetic loss-type absorbing material, is limited in its application range due to its high density. The high-density ferrite and low-density polyaniline composite wave-absorbing material can not only adjust the density of the composite material, but also improve the impedance matching, and the wave-absorbing performance of the ferrite/polyaniline composite. In this paper, the preparation methods of polyaniline and ferrite/polyaniline composites were discussed firstly. Secondly, the absorbing mechanism of ferrite/polyaniline composites was expounded. Then, the research progress of composite materials prepared by spinel type, magnetic lead type, garnet type ferrite and polyaniline in the field of wave absorption was summarized, respectively. Finally, the future development directions of ferrite/polyaniline composites were pointed that they should tend to electromagnetic simulation and multi-element composites.

Sb nanoparticles (∼50 nm) are embedded uniformly on the surface of carbon fibers (Sb NPs–SCFs) without scattered Sb NPs. The Sb NPs–CNFs anode exhibits excellent sodium storage, delivering a second cycle discharge capacity of 455.7 mA h g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 and a stable capacity of 381.9 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles, achieving a notable retention of 83.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psoriasis is characterized by accelerated proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes. IL-27 is relevant to psoriasis pathogenesis. We previously found that IL-27 stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes. However, the mRNAs involved in the process have not been fully studied. This study aims to identify potential pathways and hub genes associated with proliferation in keratinocytes with IL-27 intervention by bioinformatics analysis. Methods: The mRNA expression profiles from HaCaT cells with or without IL-27 treated were analyzed by bioinformatics tools. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to screen gene clusters and hub genes associated with proliferation. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to identify the function of the mRNAs. The GEO database and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to verify the expression levels of hub genes in psoriatic skin lesions and IL-27-treated psoriasiform keratinocytes, respectively. Results: We found 1257 differentially expressed genes and screened 2 crucial gene clusters. GO analysis revealed that Cluster 1 was mainly enriched in "Mitotic sister chromatid segregation" and "Spindle". Cluster 2 was mainly enriched in the "Pyruvate metabolic process" and "Oxidoreductase complex". KEGG analysis showed that Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 were mainly enriched in "Cell cycle" and "Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis", respectively. We then identified 6 hub genes enriched in the two pathways, including CCNB1, PTTG1, CDC20, PLK1, PKM, and LDHA. GSEA complemented the role of the mitochondrial "Oxidative phosphorylation" pathway. Moreover, we found that 6 hub genes were upregulated in psoriasis skin lesions and IL-27 elevated the hub genes expression in M5-induced psoriasiform keratinocytes. Conclusion: IL-27 possibly promotes glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and cell cycle progression in keratinocytes. Additionally, we identified CCNB1, PTTG1, CDC20, PLK1, PKM, and LDHA as hub genes that may be involved in the mechanism of IL-27 facilitating keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Facile mass transport channel and accessible active sites are crucial for binder‐free air electrode catalysts in rechargeable flexible zinc‐air battery (ZAB). Herein, a ZnS/NH3 dual‐assisted pyrolysis strategy is proposed to prepare N/S‐doped hierarchical porous bamboo carbon cloth (HP‐NS‐BCC) as binder‐free air electrode catalyst for ZAB. BCC fabric with abundant micropores is firstly used as flexible carbon support to facilitate the heteroatom‐doping and construct the hierarchical porous structure. ZnS nanospheres and NH3 activization together facilitate the electronic modulation of carbon matrix by N/S‐doping and optimize the macro/meso/micropores structure of carbon fibers. Benefiting from the highly‐exposed N/S‐induced sites with enhanced intrinsic activity, the optimized mass transport of biocarbon fibers, as well as the ultra‐large specific surface area of 2436.1 m2·g–1, the resultant HP‐NS‐BCC catalyst exhibits improved kinetics for oxygen reduction/evolution reaction. When applied to rechargeable aqueous ZABs, it achieves a significant peak power density of 249.1 mW·cm−2. As binder‐free air electrode catalyst, the flexible ZAB also displays stable cycling over 500 cycles with a minimal voltage gap of 0.42 V, showcasing promising applications in flexible electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid dysfunction plays an important role in the pathology of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD). However, thyroid hormone (TH) signaling and action changes in DACD brains remain unknown. This study evaluated the alternations in TH signaling and action in the brains of DACD mice and explored the beneficial effects of levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment. Methods: KK-Ay mice, serving as a spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus model, underwent intragastric administration of 10 ng/g and 20 ng/g of L-T4 solution or normal saline for 8 weeks. Age-matched C57BL/6J mice were used as normal controls. Cognitive and memory functions were examined through the open field and Morris water maze tests. Hippocampal TH signaling and pathogenic status were evaluated. The potential signaling pathways involved in the neuroprotective action of L-T4 were investigated through RNA sequencing and further verified through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), and fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) in vivo and vitro. Results: The expressions of hippocampal TH transporters (Mct8 and Oatp1c1), Dio2, and TH receptor were upregulated, whereas Dio3 as well as the TH-positive regulated genes MBP, Enpp2, and Klf9 were downregulated in DACD mice. Exogenous L-T4 partially alleviated cognitive and memory dysfunction and restored hippocampal neuronal activity by optimizing TH signaling. RNA sequencing provided insights into the role of type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling and necroptosis on the amelioration of hippocampal damage after L-T4 treatment. WB and qPCR further confirmed that the levels of key proteins for IFN-I signaling and necroptosis (p-STAT1, p-STAT2, IRF9, ZBP1, p-RIP3, and p-MLKL) were increased, but largely returned after L-T4 administration in vivo and T3 treatment in vitro. IF and mIHC revealed that IRF9 and p-MLKL colocalized in neurons, but not in astrocytes or microglia, of the hippocampus in DACD mice. The diabetes mellitus group had an increased number of IRF9+ p-MLKL+ NeuN+ cells, which decreased after L-T4 treatment. The elevated IFN-I signaling-mediated necroptosis in HT22 cells was also decreased by T3. Conclusion: We demonstrated abnormal hippocampal TH signaling and action in DACD. Promoting TH action with exogenous L-T4 ameliorated hippocampal impairment through inhibiting IFN-I signaling-induced necroptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]