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Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of Drosophila protein Ash2 analogue(ASH2L)in gastric carcinoma cell lines infected with Helicobacter pylori(Hp). Methods The expression of ASH2L in various tumors, the relationship between ASH2L and pathological characteristics of stomach adenocarcinoma and the prognosis of the patients were analyzed by TIMER2.0, UALCAN and other software. Human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES, gastric carcinoma cell lines SGC-7901 and AGS were infected with Hp and the expression of ASH2L before and after Hp infection was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results The analysis showed that ASH2L was differentially expressed in 15 kinds of tumors and was highly expressed in stomach adenocarcinoma. The overall survival (OS) and post-progression survival (PPS) of patients with high ASH2L expression were lower than those with low ASH2L expression(P＜0.05). There were some differences in the expression of ASH2L in patients with stomach adenocarcinoma in different age groups, different races and different pathological grades, but not related to gender. The expression of ASH2L was significantly up-regulated in three human gastric epithelial cell lines infected with Hp(P＜0.05). Conclusions ASH2L may play an important role in tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma caused by Hp infection, and its expression level is closely related to various pathological features and prognosis of the patients, and it is expected to be a molecular marker for prognosis.

Summary: Wood is resulted from the radial growth paced by the division and differentiation of vascular cambium cells in woody plants, and phytohormones play important roles in cambium activity.Here, we identified that PagJAZ5, a key negative regulator of jasmonate (JA) signaling, plays important roles in enhancing cambium cell division and differentiation by mediating cytokinin signaling in poplar 84K (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa).PagJAZ5 is preferentially expressed in developing phloem and cambium, weakly in developing xylem cells. Overexpression (OE) of PagJAZ5m (insensitive to JA) increased cambium activity and xylem differentiation, while jaz mutants showed opposite results. Transcriptome analyses revealed that cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKXs) and type‐A response regulators (RRs) were downregulated in PagJAZ5m OE plants. The bioactive cytokinins were significantly increased in PagJAZ5m overexpressing plants and decreased in jaz5 mutants, compared with that in 84K plants. The PagJAZ5 directly interact with PagMYC2a/b and PagWOX4b. Further, we found that the PagRR5 is regulated by PagMYC2a and PagWOX4b and involved in the regulation of xylem development.Our results showed that PagJAZ5 can increase cambium activity and promote xylem differentiation through modulating cytokinin level and type‐A RR during wood formation in poplar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the radiation hazards of radon and radon in the uranium mining process to underground workers and improve the protection level effectively, it is necessary to master the transmission law of radon in the underground medium of uranium mine and the factors affecting the migration distribution of radon concentration, and on this basis, it predicts the implementation of a project by software simulation. The effect of radon reduction can be achieved. According to the design drawings and the situation of field mapping, the model of the middle section of the mine is established by ANSYS Workbench 15.0 software, and the model is divided by unstructured grid, and the wall area of the ventilation pipe is encrypted. After the grid quality meets the calculation requirements, the overall simulation of the downhole wind field and the screening of the poor air flow position are completed first. On the basis of this, some measures are put forward to change the length of the ventilation pipe, and the radon initial concentration, radon exhalation rate, wind speed, wind and wind are carried out. Parameters such as pressure, temperature, humidity and smoothness of the wall are set up. Finally, the simulation results of radon concentration in underground are obtained. The comparison shows that after the change of the length of the underground ventilation pipe, 29 points radon concentration in the 31 points of concern are reduced, only 2 points radon concentration increase and the overall radon reduction effect is good, which can provide theoretical basis for the real implementation of the follow-up project.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major diseases threatening human life and health. According to the report released by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020, COPD has become the third leading cause of death in the world, featuring a sustainable growth of incidence rate as well as population age. The purpose of this review focuses on the advancement of bioactive natural compounds, such as baicalin, quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin, which demonstrate promising therapeutic/interventional effects on CODP in vitro and in vivo. Information emphasizing on COPD was systematically collected from several authoritative internet databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, and Europe PMC, with a combination of keywords containing “COPD” and “natural small molecular compounds”. The new evidence indicated that these valuable molecules featured unique functions in the treatment of COPD through various biological processes such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, and anti-airway fibrosis. Moreover, we found that the promising effects of these natural compounds on COPD were mainly achieved through JAK3/STAT3/NF-κB and MAPK inflammatory signaling pathways, Nrf2 oxidative stress signaling pathway, and TGF-β1/Smad 2/3 fibrosis signaling pathway, which referenced to multiple targets like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, TIMP-1, MMP, AKT, JAK3, IKK, PI3K, HO-1, MAPK, P38, ERK, etc. Current challenges and future directions in this promising field are also discussed at the end of this review. For the convenience of the readers, this review is divided into ten parts according to the structures of potential natural small molecular compounds. We hope that this review brings a quick look and provides some inspiration for the research of COPD.

Double disks controller was used to constrain the size of spray plume. The flow field characteristics of the constrained spray technology under different gas inlet pressures were simulated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software "Fluent", and the simulation result was experimentally verified. The results show that with the increase of atomization gas inlet pressure, the speed of reverse gas flow increases, and thus, the temperature of the nozzle tip decreases. In this case, solidification of the melt in the nozzle occurs. When the inlet pressures of the gas and metal are 2.5×105Pa and 2.0×104Pa respectively, the pressure acting on the melt decreases to minimum value of about 8.99×103Pa.At this condition, the molten metal flows out smoothly and no apparent oxidation phenomena appear in the deposition billet. Moreover, the effect of atomization is the best and the width of the deposition billet is exactly consistent with the width of the wheel groove of continuous extrusion machine.

BACKGROUND The fruiting body of Pleurotus tuoliensis deteriorates rapidly after harvest, causing a decline in its commercial value and a great reduction in its shelf life. According to the present research, carbohydrate‐active enzymes (CAZymes) may cause the softening, liquefaction and autolysis of mature mushrooms after harvest. To further understand the in vivo molecular mechanism of CAZymes affecting the postharvest quality of P. tuoliensis fruiting bodies, a tandem mass tags labelling combined liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (TMT‐MS/MS) proteomic analysis was performed on P. tuoliensis fruiting bodies during storage at 25 °C. RESULTS: A total of 4737 proteins were identified, which had at least one unique peptide and had a confidence level above 95%. Consequently, 1307 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were recruited using the criteria of abundance fold change (FC) >1.5 or < 0.67 and P < 0.05. The identified proteins were annotated by dbCAN2, a meta server for automated CAZymes annotation. Subsequently, 222 CAZymes were obtained. Several CAZymes participating in the cell wall degradation process, including β‐glucosidase, glucan 1,3‐β‐glucosidase, endo‐1,3(4)‐β‐glucanase and chitinases, were significantly upregulated during storage. The protein expression level of CAZymes, such as xylanase, amylase and glucoamylase, were upregulated significantly, which may participate in the P. tuoliensis polysaccharide degradation. CONCLUSIONS: The identified CAZymes degraded the polysaccharides and lignin, destroying the cell wall structure, preventing cell wall remodeling, causing a loss of nutrients and the browning phenomenon, accelerating the deterioration of P. tuoliensis fruiting body. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To extract and identify the exosomes in peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE), compare the different expression levels of PDE exosomal miR-200a in patients with different peritoneal transport characteristics, predict the potential target genes of miR-200a and analyze the related biological processes. Methods·Twenty stable peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were divided into two groups, i. e., H group (high/high average) and L group (low/low average) according to the values of peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Overnight PDE 500 mL from each patient was collected, concentrated, and ultracentrifuged to obtain exosomes. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blotting were used to identify and characterize the exosomes. Exosomal miRNAs were extracted and the expression levels of PDE exosomal miR-200a in the two groups were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The relations between exosomal miR-200a levels and PET values or ultrafiltration volume (UF) were analyzed. The target genes of miR-200a were predicted by Targetscan, miRmap and miRWalk, and DAVID was used to perform gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Results·The exosomes extracted from concentrated PDE by ultracentrifugation exhibited a round and bilayer membraneenveloped vesicle structure under TEM with the diameters ranging from 50-150 nm. The exosomes also expressed the particular molecular marker CD9 and CD63. The relative expression level of PDE exosomal miR-200a in L group was higher than that of H group. The expression levels were negatively correlated with PET values (r=-0.871, P=0.000) and positively correlated with 4 h UF (r=0.448, P=0.048). But there was no relationship between miR- 200a and 24 h UF (r=0.355, P=0.125). Bioinformatic results showed that there were 679 target genes of miR-200a that could be predicted by all the three databases. GO analysis suggested that these genes not only participated in positive regulation of mesenchymal cells proliferation, but also focused on ion binding, especially metal cation binding. Conclusion·Exosomes indeed exist in PDE. The relative expression level of exosomal miR-200a is higher in the PDE from the patients with low peritoneal dialysis transport characteristics. The relative quantity of miR-200a is negatively correlated with the values of PET and positively correlated with 4 h UF. There are abundant potential target genes of miR-200a, indicating that it may affect the peritoneal transport characteristics by different biological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]