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As the main inter-domain routing protocol in today's internet, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) faces serious security risks during actual usage. Research on BGP malicious attack methods requires a realistic network environment, and evaluation methods based on physical networks often suffer from high costs and insufficient flexibility. Thus, we propose an efficient BGP simulated network deployment system based on a virtualization technology called the SOD–BGP. This system, combining cloud computing and virtualization technologies, creates a scalable, highly flexible basic network environment that allows for the automated simulation and evaluation of actual BGP prefix hijacking attack scenarios. A Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) simulation suite is introduced into the system, emulating a certificate issuance system, certificate storage, and a certificate synchronization verification mechanism, thus aligning the simulation environment with real-world usage scenarios. Finally, we propose a data collection and performance evaluation technique to evaluate BGP networks deploying RPKI under different attack scenarios and to explore the effectiveness of RPKI defense mechanisms at various deployment rates. A comparative analysis with other simulation techniques demonstrates that our approach achieves a balanced performance in terms of deployment speed, complexity, and RPKI integrity, providing a solid simulation technology foundation for large-scale BGP security defense strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To screen and identify key genes and pathways involved in the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and to perform an integrated analysis. Methods GEO2R was commonly used to screen and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE15471, GSE16515, GSE28735 and GSE62165, and the GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed with DAVID database. Then a proteinprotein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using a STRING database, and Cytoscape and GEPIA were used to identify the Hub genes. Finally, the mRNA levels of these Hub genes were quantitatively analyzed by RT-qPCR. Results We screened 181 uDEGs and 64 dDEGs, and the analysis results indicated that uDEGs and dDEGs were respectively enriched in cell component (CC), biological process (BP) and molecular functional (MF), and they were closely related to multiple signal pathways. Then, the top 25 genes with high degree score in DEGs were selected. And 8 genes could predict the poor prognosis of PAAD. RT-qPCR showed that these genes were differentially expressed in PAAD tissues. Conclusion MMP14, MMP1, MET, PLAU, ITGA2, KRT19, COL12A1 and ITGA3 are the key genes associated with the progress of pancreatic cancer.

Perovskite materials are considered as potential materials suitable for flexible wearable displays due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and flexibility. However, the brittleness of conventional ITO electrodes, as well as the poor crystallization of perovskite on flexible substrates, have hindered the development in flexible perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Herein, a flexible PeLED based on a novel transparent electrode WO3/Au/WO3 (WAW), combined with the adjustment method of incorporation of polymer [polyethylene oxide‐polypropylene oxide‐polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer (P123)], is proposed to assist crystallization and defect passivation. The strong anchoring effect between P123 and perovskite accelerates the nucleation and crystallization process of perovskite films based on flexible substrates (shortened from 10 min to 1 min), induces the formation of uniform and small‐sized perovskite grains, and passivates non‐radiation defects caused by poor crystal quality. As a result, a high‐performance green PeLED with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.45% is obtained. The corresponding flexible PeLED displays a maximum EQE of 11.9%, and it can keep a 96.5% original current efficiency after bending for 1000 cycles. This work will provide feasible guidance for the design and manufacture of high‐performance flexible all‐inorganic PeLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AgIn5S8/ZnS (AIS/ZS) core/shell quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized using a hot injection method at relatively low temperature without any protection using inert gas. The QDs were characterized with UV visible electronic absorption spectroscopy, PL spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and temperature-dependent time-resolved PL (TRPL). The average size of the QDs was determined to be 1.73 ± 0.29 nm. The QDs exhibit a major excitonic absorption band peaked at 479–573 nm and emission bands peaked from 548 to 666 nm with excitation at 410 nm with the peak position dependent on the synthesis temperature that affects the QD size. Upon the addition of trioctylphosphine (TOP) as a ligand, the PL quantum yield (PLQY) increased to 74.1% compared to 56.7% without TOP. The QDs show high stability after hours of ultraviolet (UV) light exposure or repetitive treatment with a significant amount of polar solvents, which is attributed to surface passivation by the ligands and ZnS shell. The luminescence mechanism of the core/shell AIS/ZS QDs is ascribed to donor–acceptor pair (DAP) recombination. TRPL results suggest that the binding energy of DAP increases and the DAP recombination probability is enhanced after passivation with TOP, leading to the high PLQY. Furthermore, prototype highly pure white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on these AIS/ZS QDs have been successfully demonstrated, yielding ideal 1931 CIE coordinates of (0.327, 0.335). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-threshold, solution-processable quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites hold great significance in the development of compact, solution-processable lasers. However, defects such as pinholes, caused by the rapid crystallization process and non-uniform distribution of mixed phases, contribute to increased optical losses and decreased energy transfer. In this study, we developed a simple strategy involving DMSO atmosphere-assisted crystallization for preparing quasi-2D perovskite films. This approach allows effectively controlling the surface crystallization process, resulting in a smooth surface morphology and improved phase distribution. Consequently, the non-radiative recombination rate decreases, while the fluorescence quantum yield increases. As a result, using the PEA2FAn−1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 6) film with DMSO atmosphere treatment, we achieved a low pulse optically pumped amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold of 12.9 μJ cm−2, which was 3.6 times lower than the case without atmosphere treatment. Furthermore, by incorporating a microcavity structure to enhance optical feedback, we successfully achieved continuous-wave (CW) optically pumped ASE at room temperature with an extremely low threshold of 3.8 W cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]