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Purpose: Develop an albumin nanoparticle-based nanoprobe for targeted glioblastoma (GBM) diagnosis and treatment, utilizing Angopep-2 for low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) targeting. Methods: Combined albumin-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), Carmustine (BCNU), and indocyanine green (ICG). Assessed morphology, size, Zeta potential, fluorescence, and drug encapsulation. Conducted in vitro fluorescence/MRI imaging and cell viability assays, and in vivo nanoprobe accumulation evaluation in brain tumors. Results: ANG-BSA/BCNU/ICG MNPs exhibited superior targeting and cytotoxicity against GBM cells in vitro. In vivo, enhanced brain tumor accumulation during imaging was observed. Conclusion: This targeted imaging and drug delivery system holds promise for efficient GBM therapy and intraoperative localization, addressing Blood-brain barrier (BBB) limitations with precise drug delivery and imaging capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effects of 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on learning and memory capacity of mice by step-down test and tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2B 1472 site (p-Y1472 NR2B) in hippocampus. Methods Mice were randomly divided into control group (control) and 5-Aza-CdR treatment group (5-Aza-CdR). In the test, 5-Aza-CdR (10 μmol/L) was administered to treatment group mice via intracerebroventricular injection. The ability of learning and memory in mice was evaluated by step-down test. The mRNA level of NR2B in hippocampal tissues of mice was measured by real-time PCR. NR2B and p-Y1472 NR2B in hippocampal tissues of mice were measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results In the 5-Aza-CdR treatment group, the latency period was increased, the error records were decreased, the behavioral memory was significantly improved in step-down test(P＜0.05). While the expression of NR2B mRNA and protein in the hippocampus of mice was not significantly changed, the phosphorylation of p-Y1472 NR2B was increased(P＜0.05), and CDK5 activity was decreased(P＜0.05). There was no difference in NR2B fluorescence intensity between CA1 region and CA3 region, while p-Y1472 NR2B in CA1 region was significantly increased (P＜0.05). Conclusions The effects of 5-Aza-CdR on behavioral memory ability may be related to the p-Y1472 NR2B in the hippocampus of mice.

Objective: To compare the ability of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl dimeglumine (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA) to display the 3 major features recommended by the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS 2018v) for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 98 HCC lesions that were scanned with either Gd-EOB-DTPA-MR or Gd-BOPTA-M.For each lesion, we collected multiple variables, including size and enhancement pattern in the arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PVP), transitional phase (TP), delayed phase (DP), and hepatobiliary phase (HBP). The lesion-to-liver contrast (LLC) was measured and calculated for each phase and then compared between the 2 contrast agents. A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. The display efficiency of the LLC between Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA for HCC features was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Between Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA, significant differences were observed regarding the display efficiency for capsule enhancement and the LLC in the AP/PVP/DP (P <.05), but there was no significant difference regarding the LLC in the TP/HBP. Both Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA had good display efficiency in each phase (AUCmin > 0.750). When conducting a total evaluation of the combined data across the 5 phases, the display efficiency was excellent (AUC > 0.950). Conclusion: Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA are liver-specific contrast agents widely used in clinical practice. They have their own characteristics in displaying the 3 main signs of HCC. For accurate noninvasive diagnosis, the choice of agent should be made according to the specific situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arsenolipids are organoarsenicals with a long aliphatic chain that have been identified in a wide array of marine organisms. Precise analysis of arsenolipids is crucial for evaluating their toxicity, ensuring food safety, monitoring the environment, and gaining insights into the evolution of arsenic biogeochemistry. However, the discovery of new arsenolipids is often impeded by existing analytical challenges, notably the need for multiple instruments, such as the combination of liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS). This study introduces a high-throughput untargeted analytical method on the basis of an unsophisticated instrumental configuration, LC-ESI-MS with collision-induced dissociation (CID) at 200 eV. This approach provides efficient dissociation of arsenic atoms from their precursor lipids and direct detection of the organic-bound arsenic as monatomic cations, As+. Application of this method has shown promise in rapidly characterizing arsenolipids in diverse samples, which has led to the discovery of a wide range of novel arsenolipids, including seven previously unidentified thioxoarsenolipids in ancient marine sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tirofiban has been used as a rescue when thrombectomy is not successful in endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the use of tirofiban after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirofiban combined with IVT in AIS compared with not receiving tirofiban. Methods: The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for all relevant studies published up to August 31, 2021. The safety endpoints included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and mortality. The efficacy endpoint was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at the 3-month follow-up. Results: Seven articles (1,036 patients) were included. Of these, 444 patients received tirofiban, and 592 patients did not. Meta-analysis showed that tirofiban did not increase the risk of sICH (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.50–1.93; p = 0.96), any ICH (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.63–1.39; p = 0.75) or mortality (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.39–1.15; p = 0.15) and tended to be associated with a favorable functional outcome (OR 1.33; 95% CI 0.99–1.78; p = 0.06) in patients with AIS. Subgroup analysis showed that bridging therapy combined with tirofiban could reduce mortality (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.23–0.98; p = 0.04). Tirofiban significantly improved the favorable functional outcome in patients with IVT only (non-EVT) (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.30–3.02; p = 0.002). Conclusion: Intravenous tirofiban could be safe for patients with AIS undergoing IVT, regardless of receiving EVT. Intravenous tirofiban may reduce mortality rates for patients undergoing bridging therapy. It also could increase the likelihood of a favorable functional outcome, especially for patients receiving IVT only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]