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Decarbonization has significant operational implications for ships, fuel resources, and ports. Sustainable management is highly prioritized by ship owners and port authorities. The shipping industry must develop appropriate strategies to achieve zero carbon emissions by 2050 and support the 2030 United Nations sustainable development goals. Tugboats, a ubiquitous vessel in Taiwanese ports, were selected as the subject of this study. Implementing hybrid power systems in response to the growing trend of carbon reduction was explored. This study involves various stakeholders in Taiwan, including ship owners, port agency representatives, and other relevant parties. Assessing investment costs, market demand, and policy guidance is highly significant. Establishing a positive cycle is necessary to encourage tugboat operators to adhere to sustainable management practices and environmental protection measures. This entails providing incentives through policy measures that enable tugboat operators to gain cost advantages and balance environmental, economic, and societal needs within an expanding market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The bryozoan Amathia (= Zoobotryori) verticillata was found near the northern entrance to the Port of Kaohsiung in November 2015 and is the first record from Taiwan. This bryozoan [...]

The concentrations level and distribution of 16 US EPA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) from the water treatment plant (WTP), sewage treatment plant (STP), and industrial water treatment plant (ITP) sludge in Taiwan were determined and then assessed the sources, and potential toxicity (carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [CPAHs] and toxic BaP equivalent [TEQ]). Results indicated that the total concentrations of PAHs ranged between 58 and 16,436 μg/kg dw. Among the 17 samples, the 2-4 ring of total PAHs were the predominant compound in three kinds of treatment plant (> 60%). Especially, ITP1 owns 95.8% of 2-4 ring of total PAHs and ITP3 owns 54% of five- and six-ring of total PAHs. The molecular indices and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to determine the source contributions, with the results showing that the contributions of combustion/grass, coal or wood combustion and combustion/ liquid (oil) fossil fuel combustion. A PAH toxicity indicated by TEQ was 2.5–506 μg TEQ/g dw. Although, the results indicated that these were not recommended for land applications, but analyses are beneficial to develop effective management strategies for controlling PAH discharge in treatment plants and establishing strategies for its reuse in managing pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six four-coordinated complexes of the chemical formulae [Hg(2-N CH2COOCH2CH3-21-H-NCTPP)X] with X = Cl (5), Br (6), I (7), [Hg(2-NCH3-21-H-NCTPP)Cl] (4) and [Hg(2-NCH2COOCH2C6H5-21-H-NCTPP)X] with X = Cl (8), I (9) are synthesized and structurally determined. The bond path for the weak η1-H(17)–C(17)…Hg agostic interactions between the Hg center and H(17) in complexes 4–9 was a through-space interaction from Hg to agostic carbon [C(17)] followed by a through-bond interaction from C(17) to an agostic proton [H(17)]. The magnitude of J[Hg–H(17)] [or the agostic upfield shift Δδago of the C(17)] for these complexes increases as the halide ligand varies from iodide to chloride, ranging from 33.2 Hz (or 14.3 ppm) for I− to 36 Hz (or 15.8 ppm) for Br− and 36.9 Hz (or 16.0 ppm) for Cl−. The plot of J[Hg–H(17)] for the agostic proton H(17) versus☋Δδago☋ for the agostic carbon atom C(17) in compounds 3–9 was linearly expressed as J[Hg–H(17)] = 2.29 ☋Δδago☋ + 0.13. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]