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Purpose: As a commonly engine coolant, ethylene glycol can produce corrosive acid byproducts at high temperatures when the car is running, specifically oxalic acid (OA), which can shorten the service life of engine. At the same time, chloride ions can also be introduced during coolant preparation processes. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the synergistic corrosion behavior of Cl− and OA on ADC12 aluminum alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The electrochemical tests, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) were used. Findings: The results showed that the corrosion rate of the aluminum alloy increased with the increase of OA and Cl− concentrations. After adding Cl−, the surface film of the aluminum alloy was further damaged, Cl− has a synergistic effect with OA and their interaction further accelerated the corrosion of the aluminum alloy. Nevertheless, as the immersion time increased, the corrosion rate of the aluminum alloy gradually diminished due to the formation of aluminum oxalate. Originality/value: The corrosion of ADC12 aluminum alloy was studied in OA, Cl− and their mixed solutions; the synergistic effect of OA and Cl− on the corrosion of ADC12 aluminum alloy was discussed, and aluminum oxalate formed inhibited its corrosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effect of comfort nursing on pain, quality of life, and nutritional status in children undergoing tonsillectomy., Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 114 children who underwent tonsillectomy in Chun'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were divided into a research group and a control group according to the nursing methods, with 57 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, and the research group received additional comfort nursing. We compared the pain level (assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) scale), quality of life (assessed by Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74)), relevant clinical indicators (postoperative swallowing recovery time, wake-up time, and hospital stay), nutrition indicators (total blood protein and albumin), sleep quality (assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PAQI)), nursing satisfaction, and postoperative complications between the two groups., Results: After postoperative nursing, the VAS scores and PSQI scores were significantly decreased (both P<0.05), and the GQOLI-74 scores were significantly increased (P<0.05) in both groups. The postoperative swallowing recovery time, wake-up time, and hospital stay in the research group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The levels of total serum protein and albumin in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P<0.05). The research group showed a significantly higher satisfaction rate and lower incidence of complications as compared with the control group (both P<0.05). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative upper respiratory infection and the degree of tonsillar embedment were independent risk factors for hemorrhage after tonsillectomy (P<0.05)., Conclusion: In children undergoing tonsillectomy, providing comfort nursing can significantly reduce pain and improve their quality of life., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2023.)

Ouabain, a steroid binding to the Na + /K + -ATPase, has several pharmacological effects. In addition to the recognized effects of blood pressure, there is more convincing evidence suggesting that ouabain is involved in immunologic functions and inflammation. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1 α ) is a metabolic regulator which plays a considerable role in immune responses. Previous studies had shown that HIF-1 α -induced glycolysis results in functional reshaping in macrophages. In this study, we investigated the role of glycolytic pathway activation in the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain. We found that ouabain is involved in anti-inflammatory effects both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, ouabain can inhibit LPS-induced upregulation of GLUT1 and HK2 at the transcriptional level. GM-CSF pretreatment almost completely reversed the inhibitory effect of ouabain on LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines. Alterations in glycolytic pathway activation were required for the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain. Ouabain can significantly inhibit the upregulation of HIF-1 α at the protein level. Our results also revealed that the overexpression of HIF-1 α can reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain. Thus, we conclude that the HIF-1 α -dependent glycolytic pathway is essential for the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain.