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23. Unveiling the integrated function of metallo‐/ionic‐covalent organic polymers for boosting atmospheric CO2 conversion.

Author

Zhang, Han, Zhang, Wenwen, Liu, Fusheng, Luo, Zheng‐Hong, Gao, Kunqi, and Liu, Mengshuai

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, POLYMERS, RING formation (Chemistry), ACTIVATION energy, STRUCTURAL stability, EUTECTICS
Abstract

Multifunctional metallo‐/ionic‐covalent organic polymers (TCTB@Zn‐iCOPs) were constructed through one‐pot multicomponent reaction in a deep eutectic solvent at room temperature. The structures of various TCTB@Zn‐iCOPs were characterized, demonstrating their successful integration of multiple sites and excellent structural stability. Then TCTB@Zn‐iCOPs were employed to transform atmospheric CO2 into cyclic carbonates. The results showed that satisfactory product yields were obtained under mild and additive‐free conditions, with a high TOF value of 101 h−1; furthermore, the optimized TCTB@Zn‐iCOP2 exhibited excellent versatility in catalyzing the cycloaddition reactions between various substituted epoxides and CO2, and its activity did not significantly decrease after being reused for five times. Compared with previously reported nonmetallic iCOPs, the TCTB@Zn‐iCOP2 shows significantly improved activity and stability. Finally, DFT calculations were conducted along with a comparison of energy barriers for possible reaction paths, gaining an in‐depth understanding of the synergistic catalytic mechanism involving multiple sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Unraveling the prevalence of soil-borne fungal pathogens in the North China Plain: a global analysis approach

Author

Liu, Mengshuai, Mommer, Liesje, van Ruijven, Jasper, van der Werf, Wopke, Xu, Zhan, Zhang, Fusuo, Song, Chunxu, Maciá-Vicente, Jose G., Liu, Mengshuai, Mommer, Liesje, van Ruijven, Jasper, van der Werf, Wopke, Xu, Zhan, Zhang, Fusuo, Song, Chunxu, and Maciá-Vicente, Jose G.

Abstract

Soil-borne fungal plant pathogens lead to worldwide economic yield losses. However, despite the agricultural importance of the North China Plain (NCP), little is known about the occurrence and severity of soil-borne fungal pathogens that could potentially affect the yields of three main crops in this area: wheat, maize and soybean. By combining searches in public databases, we identified a set of main soil-borne fungal pathogen species potentially affecting crop production in the NCP. We investigated their distribution patterns at three scales: globally, in China and in the NCP, and evaluated how these patterns were determined by a range of variables related to climate, spatial drivers and crop area density of the three crop species. We found 25 main soil-borne fungal pathogens that could potentially affect the yields of wheat, maize and soybean in the NCP. Twenty of these fungal pathogens were prevalent across the globe, and 13 were very frequent in the NCP. Significant positive relationships between pathogen prevalence and crop area density were only found for two specialist pathogens. Our work provides an overview of the main soil-borne fungal pathogens in one of China’s most intensively cultivated regions, shedding light on potential, previously overlooked, fungal threats for agricultural production in the area. This baseline information may contribute to the development of sustainable management strategies aimed at mitigating disease outbreaks caused by soil-borne pathogens in the future.

Published
2023

50. 一株溶杆菌 Lysobacter soli RCu6 的转录组水平铜抗性机制研究

Author

Li, Fuyu, Chen, Shuaimin, Liu, Mengshuai, Chen, Miaomiao, Li, Xiaofang, and Liu, Binbin

Subjects
Copper resistance, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Genomics, Lysobacter soli, Transcriptomics
Abstract

Copper is a trace element that has essential functions in many cellular enzymes; however, excessive copper levels can be toxic. Bacteria have evolved several copper resistance strategies, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Elucidating the mechanisms of copper resistance in bacteria is important for developing microbe-based techniques for mitigation of heavy metal pollution. In this study, a highly copper-resistant (resistant to copper concentrations up to 3.2 mmol∙L−1) bacterial strain RCu6 was isolated. The genomic characteristics of RCu6 were studied using whole-genome sequencing, and copper resistance mechanisms were analyzed using transcriptome analysis. Whole-genome sequencing of strain RCu6 indicated that it belonged to Lysobacter soli. Compared to other strains in the same genus, this strain has a unique DNA fragment encompassing cop, cus, czc, and other homologous copper resistance genes. Transcriptome analysis showed that 315 (239 up-regulated and 76 down-regulated) and 839 (449 up-regulated and 390 down-regulated) genes were differentially expressed under 0.8 mmol∙L−1 and 1.6 mmol∙L−1 copper concentrations, respectively. The differential gene expression was mainly associated with copper homeostasis, histidine metabolism, sulfur metabolism, and iron-sulfur cluster assembly metabolism, indicating that these processes may play important roles in copper resistance of RCu6. The results of the transcriptome analysis were further verified using qPCR. The expression levels of 12 randomly selected genes associated with copper resistance showed significant correlations between qPCR and RNA-Seq data (R2=0.84 for GAPDH gene and R2=0.98 for 16S rRNA gene as internal reference genes). Therefore, the genomic and transcriptome results suggest that copper resistance in the strain Lysobacter soli RCu6 is an intracellular multi-system collaborative process. This study provides new information for understanding the complex regulatory network of copper homeostasis in prokaryotes. It also provides bacterial resources and a theoretical basis for the remediation of heavy metals in farmland soil.

Published
2022

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